Noir.rs

https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs
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A Rust crate for generating and verifying cryptographic proofs for Noir circuits, leveraging...
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### Mobile Cross-Compilation Setup for iOS and Android with Rust

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Provides instructions for setting up Rust toolchains to cross-compile Noir.rs for iOS and Android platforms, including ARM64 optimization. This requires `rustup` and platform-specific build tools like the Android SDK and NDK.

```bash
# iOS Build (macOS only)
rustup target add aarch64-apple-ios
IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=15.0 cargo build \
    --target aarch64-apple-ios \
    --features barretenberg \
    --release

# Android Build (requires Android SDK/NDK)
export ANDROID_HOME=/path/to/android-sdk
export NDK_VERSION=26.3.11579264
export HOST_TAG=darwin-x86_64
export TARGET=aarch64-linux-android
export ANDROID_NDK_HOME=$ANDROID_HOME/ndk/$NDK_VERSION
export TOOLCHAIN=$ANDROID_NDK_HOME/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/$HOST_TAG
export API=33
export AR="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/llvm-ar"
export CC="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/$TARGET$API-clang"
export CXX="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/$TARGET$API-clang++"

rustup target add aarch64-linux-android
cargo build \
    --target aarch64-linux-android \
    --features barretenberg,android-compat \
    --release

```

--------------------------------

### Generate and Verify Noir Circuit Proofs in Rust

Source: https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/blob/main/README.md

This Rust code demonstrates how to use the noir_rs crate to generate and verify proofs for a Noir circuit. It includes steps for setting up the SRS (Superprintlnary Randomness), preparing the witness data, generating the proof using `prove_ultra_honk`, retrieving the verification key, and finally verifying the proof with `verify_ultra_honk`. The example assumes you have the circuit bytecode available as a string.

```rust
use noir_rs::{
    barretenberg::{prove::prove_ultra_honk, srs::{setup_srs_from_bytecode, setup_srs}, verify::verify_ultra_honk, utils::get_honk_verification_key},
    witness::from_vec_str_to_witness_map,
}

// The bytecode of the circuit
// You can find it in the compiled circuit json file created by running `nargo compile`
const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/62QQQqAMAwErfigpEna5OZXLLb/f4KKLZbiTQdCQg7Dsm66mc9x00O717rhG9ico5cgMOfoMxJu4C2pAEsKioqisnslysoaLVkEQ6aMRYxKFc//ZYQr29L10XfhXv4jB52E+OpMAQAA";

// Setup the SRS
// You can provide a path to the SRS transcript file as second argument
// Otherwise it will be downloaded automatically from Aztec's servers
setup_srs_from_bytecode(BYTECODE, None, false).unwrap();
// Alternatively, if you know the circuit size, you can use the following function
// Assuming the circuit size is 40 here
setup_srs(40, None).unwrap();

// Set up your witness
// a = 5, b = 6, res = a * b = 30
let initial_witness = from_vec_str_to_witness_map(vec!["5", "6", "0x1e"]).unwrap();

// Start timing the proof generation
let start = std::time::Instant::now();
// Generate the proof
// It returns the proof
let proof = prove_ultra_honk(BYTECODE, initial_witness).unwrap();
// Print the time it took to generate the proof
info!("Proof generation time: {:?}", start.elapsed());

// Get the verification key
let vk = get_honk_verification_key(BYTECODE).unwrap();

// Verify the proof
let verdict = verify_ultra_honk(proof, vk).unwrap();
// Print the verdict
info!("Proof verification verdict: {}", verdict);
```

--------------------------------

### Setup Android Environment Variables for Noir.rs Cross-Compilation

Source: https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/blob/main/README.md

Configures essential environment variables for cross-compiling Noir.rs on a desktop platform to Android. This includes setting paths for the Android SDK and NDK, specifying the NDK version, host tag, and defining compiler/linker paths.

```bash
# Set the ANDROID_HOME environment variable to the path to your Android SDK
export ANDROID_HOME=/path/to/your/android-sdk # e.g. /Users/<username>/Library/Android/sdk
# Set the NDK_VERSION environment variable to the version of the Android NDK you have installed
export NDK_VERSION=<number>.<number>.<number> # e.g. 26.3.11579264
# Set the HOST_TAG environment variable to the host tag of your platform
export HOST_TAG=your-host-tag # e.g. darwin-x86_64 (for macOS)
# Then you just copy paste the ones below
export TARGET=aarch64-linux-android
export ANDROID_NDK_HOME=$ANDROID_HOME/ndk/$NDK_VERSION
export TOOLCHAIN=$ANDROID_NDK_HOME/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/$HOST_TAG
export API=33
export AR="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/llvm-ar"
export CC="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/$TARGET$API-clang"
export AS="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/$TARGET$API-clang"
export CXX="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/$TARGET$API-clang++"
export LD="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/ld"
export RANLIB="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/llvm-ranlib"
export STRIP="$TOOLCHAIN/bin/llvm-strip"
export PATH="$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin"
export PATH="$PATH:$TOOLCHAIN/bin"
export CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE_aarch64_linux_android="$ANDROID_NDK_HOME/build/cmake/android.toolchain.cmake"
export ANDROID_ABI="arm64-v8a"

```

--------------------------------

### Install Rust Target for Android

Source: https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/blob/main/README.md

Installs the necessary Rust toolchain target for Android cross-compilation. This command ensures that the Rust compiler can generate code for the specified Android architecture.

```bash
rustup target add aarch64-linux-android

```

--------------------------------

### Install Noir.rs Crate with Barretenberg Feature

Source: https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/blob/main/README.md

This snippet shows how to add the noir_rs crate to your project's Cargo.toml file, specifically enabling the 'barretenberg' feature flag for backend proving and verification. This is necessary for projects that utilize Barretenberg for proof operations.

```toml
[dependencies]
noir_rs = { git = "https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs.git", tag = "v1.0.0-beta.3-1", features = ["barretenberg"] }
```

--------------------------------

### Compute Circuit Sizes and Subgroup Dimensions (Rust)

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Calculates the necessary circuit sizes (number of gates) and subgroup dimensions (next power of 2) required for SRS setup and memory allocation. These computations are crucial for planning resource requirements for proof generation.

```rust
use noir_rs::barretenberg::utils::{
    get_circuit_size,
    get_subgroup_size,
    compute_subgroup_size
};

const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/42NsQmAMBBF74KDWGqnOIIIVmJpYyHYWChiZ5kRxAWcQnScdJY29gZNSAgp8or7x93/fIQfT2jfdAPhiqCQuw9OoBxmLmqLicVbeJTZTmlVB8mVz+e4pOxZb/4n7h2fVy9Ey93kBZmTjiLsAAAA";

// Get circuit size (number of gates)
let circuit_size = get_circuit_size(BYTECODE, false);
println!("Circuit size: {} gates", circuit_size);

// Get subgroup size (next power of 2)
let subgroup_size = get_subgroup_size(BYTECODE, false);
println!("Subgroup size: {}", subgroup_size);

// Compute subgroup size from known circuit size
let subgroup = compute_subgroup_size(1000);
assert_eq!(subgroup, 1024); // 2^10

let subgroup = compute_subgroup_size(500000);
assert_eq!(subgroup, 524288); // 2^19
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Low Memory Ultra Honk Proofs with Storage Cap in Rust

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Generates Ultra Honk proofs on memory-constrained devices by utilizing disk storage for intermediate computations. This function allows for setting a maximum storage cap, with automatic fallback to RAM if the cap is exceeded. It requires setup of SRS, obtaining a verification key with low memory mode enabled, and witness preparation.

```rust
use noir_rs::barretenberg::prove::prove_ultra_honk;
use noir_rs::barretenberg::verify::get_ultra_honk_verification_key;
use noir_rs::barretenberg::srs::setup_srs_from_bytecode;
use noir_rs::witness::from_vec_to_witness_map;
use std::time::Instant;

// Large circuit bytecode
const LARGE_BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/42NsQmAMBBF74KDWGqnOIIIVmJpYyHYWChiZ5kRxAWcQnScdJY29gZNSAgp8or7x93/fIQfT2jfdAPhiqCQuw9OoBxmLmqLicVbeJTZTmlVB8mVz+e4pOxZb/4n7h2fVy9Ey93kBZmTjiLsAAAA";

// Setup SRS
setup_srs_from_bytecode(LARGE_BYTECODE, None, false).unwrap();

// Get verification key with low memory mode
let vk = get_ultra_honk_verification_key(
    LARGE_BYTECODE,
    true,  // Enable low memory mode
    None
).expect("VK generation failed");

// Prepare witness
let initial_witness = from_vec_to_witness_map(vec![2u128, 5u128, 10u128])
    .expect("Failed to create witness");

// Generate proof with 5GB storage cap
let start = Instant::now();
let proof = prove_ultra_honk(
    LARGE_BYTECODE,
    initial_witness,
    vk,
    true,  // Enable low memory mode
    Some(5 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024)  // 5GB storage cap
).expect("Low memory proof generation failed");
println!("Low memory proof generated in {:?}", start.elapsed());

// Memory exceeding cap will fallback to RAM automatically

```

--------------------------------

### Verify Standard and Keccak Ultra Honk Proofs in Rust

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Verifies Ultra Honk proofs to ensure computational integrity and zero-knowledge properties. This process involves the same setup as proof generation (SRS, verification key, and the proof itself) and then calling the appropriate verification function. It supports both standard and Keccak variants of the Ultra Honk proofs.

```rust
use noir_rs::barretenberg::prove::prove_ultra_honk;
use noir_rs::barretenberg::verify::{
    verify_ultra_honk, verify_ultra_honk_keccak,
    get_ultra_honk_verification_key
};
use noir_rs::barretenberg::srs::setup_srs_from_bytecode;
use noir_rs::witness::from_vec_to_witness_map;

const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/42NsQmAMBBF74KDWGqnOIIIVmJpYyHYWChiZ5kRxAWcQnScdJY29gZNSAgp8or7x93/fIQfT2jfdAPhiqCQuw9OoBxmLmqLicVbeJTZTmlVB8mVz+e4pOxZb/4n7h2fVy9Ey93kBZmTjiLsAAAA";

// Setup and generate proof
setup_srs_from_bytecode(BYTECODE, None, false).unwrap();
let vk = get_ultra_honk_verification_key(BYTECODE, false, None).unwrap();

let witness = from_vec_to_witness_map(vec![5u128, 6u128, 30u128]).unwrap();
let proof = prove_ultra_honk(BYTECODE, witness, vk.clone(), false, None)
    .expect("Proof generation failed");

// Verify the proof
let verdict = verify_ultra_honk(proof.clone(), vk.clone())
    .expect("Verification failed");
assert!(verdict, "Proof verification failed");
println!("Proof verified successfully");

// Verify Keccak variant proof
let verdict_keccak = verify_ultra_honk_keccak(
    proof,
    vk,
    false  // disable_zk: must match proving parameter
).expect("Keccak verification failed");
assert!(verdict_keccak, "Keccak proof verification failed");

```

--------------------------------

### Initialize SRS for Proof Generation (Rust)

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Initializes the Structured Reference String (SRS) required for proof generation. Supports automatic downloading from network or loading from a local file. The SRS can be set up from circuit bytecode or a specified circuit size. It also provides a method to retrieve the SRS object for manual initialization.

```rust
use noir_rs::barretenberg::srs::{
    setup_srs,
    setup_srs_from_bytecode,
    get_srs
};

const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/42NsQmAMBBF74KDWGqnOIIIVmJpYyHYWChiZ5kRxAWcQnScdJY29gZNSAgp8or7x93/fIQfT2jfdAPhiqCQuw9OoBxmLmqLicVbeJTZTmlVB8mVz+e4pOxZb/4n7h2fVy9Ey93kBZmTjiLsAAAA";

// Setup SRS automatically from circuit bytecode (downloads from Aztec if needed)
let num_points = setup_srs_from_bytecode(BYTECODE, None, false)
    .expect("Failed to setup SRS");
println!("SRS initialized with {} points", num_points);

// Setup SRS from known circuit size
let num_points = setup_srs(500, None)
    .expect("Failed to setup SRS");

// Use local SRS file (.local or .dat format)
let num_points = setup_srs_from_bytecode(
    BYTECODE,
    Some("/path/to/srs.dat"),
    false
).expect("Failed to setup local SRS");

// Get SRS object for manual initialization
let subgroup_size = 64;
let srs = get_srs(subgroup_size, None);
println!("SRS G1 data size: {} bytes", srs.g1_data.len());
```

--------------------------------

### Complete Proof Generation Workflow in Rust

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Demonstrates the end-to-end workflow for generating and verifying zero-knowledge proofs using Noir.rs. This includes setting up the SRS, generating verification keys, preparing witness data, generating the proof, and verifying its integrity. It relies on the `noir_rs` crate and its `barretenberg` and `witness` modules.

```rust
use noir_rs::{
    barretenberg::{
        srs::setup_srs_from_bytecode,
        verify::verify_ultra_honk,
        get_ultra_honk_verification_key,
        prove::prove_ultra_honk,
    },
    witness::from_vec_str_to_witness_map,
};
use tracing::info;
use std::time::Instant;

const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/62QQQqAMAwErfigpEma5OZXLLb/f4KKLZbiTQdCQg7Dsm66mc9x00O717rhG9ico5cgMOfoMxJu4C2pAEsKioqisnslysoaLVkEQ6aMRYxKFc//ZYQr29L10XfhXv4jB52E+OpMAQAA";

fn main() -> Result<(), String> {
    // Initialize logging
    tracing_subscriber::fmt::init();

    // Step 1: Setup SRS (downloads automatically if not cached)
    info!("Setting up SRS...");
    setup_srs_from_bytecode(BYTECODE, None, false)?;

    // Step 2: Generate verification key
    info!("Generating verification key...");
    let vk = get_ultra_honk_verification_key(BYTECODE, false, None)?;

    // Step 3: Prepare witness (a=5, b=6, res=30 for a*b circuit)
    let initial_witness = from_vec_str_to_witness_map(vec!["5", "6", "0x1e"])?;

    // Step 4: Generate proof
    info!("Generating proof...");
    let start = Instant::now();
    let proof = prove_ultra_honk(BYTECODE, initial_witness, vk.clone(), false, None)?;
    info!("Proof generation time: {:?}", start.elapsed());

    // Step 5: Verify proof
    info!("Verifying proof...");
    let verdict = verify_ultra_honk(proof, vk)?;
    info!("Proof verification verdict: {}", verdict);

    if verdict {
        Ok(())
    } else {
        Err("Proof verification failed".to_string())
    }
}

```

--------------------------------

### Rust: Execute Noir Circuits

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Executes Noir circuits with provided initial witness values to compute all intermediate witnesses and public outputs. This step precedes proof generation. Dependencies include `noir_rs::execute` and `noir_rs::witness`.

```rust
use noir_rs::execute::execute;
use noir_rs::witness::from_vec_to_witness_map;

const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/42NsQmAMBBF74KDWGqnOIIIVmJpYyHYWChiZ5kRxAWcQnScdJY29gZNSAgp8or7x93/fIQfT2jfdAPhiqCQuw9OoBxmLmqLicVbeJTZTmlVB8mVz+e4pOxZb/4n7h2fVy9Ey93kBZmTjiLsAAAA";

// Prepare initial witness: a = 5, b = 6, res = 30
let initial_witness = from_vec_to_witness_map(vec![5u128, 6u128, 30u128])
    .expect("Failed to create witness");

// Execute circuit to solve all witnesses
let witness_stack = execute(BYTECODE, initial_witness)
    .expect("Circuit execution failed");

println!("Execution successful, witness stack size: {}",
    witness_stack.length());
```

--------------------------------

### Build Noir.rs for Release with Barretenberg

Source: https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/blob/main/README.md

This command demonstrates how to build the noir_rs crate in release mode while enabling the 'barretenberg' feature. This is useful for optimizing performance for production environments that require Barretenberg's cryptographic primitives. The `-vvvv` flag is recommended for detailed build output.

```bash
cargo build -vvvv --release --features barretenberg
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Verification Keys (Rust)

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Generates verification keys essential for both proving and verifying cryptographic proofs. Supports standard Ultra Honk and Keccak variants, the latter being suitable for Ethereum compatibility. Options for low memory mode and storage caps are also available.

```rust
use noir_rs::barretenberg::verify::{
    get_ultra_honk_verification_key,
    get_ultra_honk_keccak_verification_key
};
use noir_rs::barretenberg::srs::setup_srs_from_bytecode;

const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/42NsQmAMBBF74KDWGqnOIIIVmJpYyHYWChiZ5kRxAWcQnScdJY29gZNSAgp8or7x93/fIQfT2jfdAPhiqCQuw9OoBxmLmqLicVbeJTZTmlVB8mVz+e4pOxZb/4n7h2fVy9Ey93kBZmTjiLsAAAA";

// Setup SRS first
setup_srs_from_bytecode(BYTECODE, None, false)
    .expect("SRS setup failed");

// Generate standard Ultra Honk verification key
let vk = get_ultra_honk_verification_key(BYTECODE, false, None)
    .expect("Failed to generate verification key");
println!("Verification key size: {} bytes", vk.len());

// Generate Keccak variant verification key (for Ethereum compatibility)
let vk_keccak = get_ultra_honk_keccak_verification_key(
    BYTECODE,
    false,  // disable_zk: false for zero-knowledge proofs
    false,  // low_memory_mode: false
    None    // max_storage_usage
).expect("Failed to generate Keccak verification key");

// Generate with low memory mode and storage cap (5GB)
let vk_low_mem = get_ultra_honk_verification_key(
    BYTECODE,
    true,  // low_memory_mode
    Some(5 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024)  // 5GB storage cap
).expect("Failed to generate verification key");
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Standard and Keccak Ultra Honk Proofs with noir_rs

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Generates zero-knowledge proofs using the Ultra Honk proving system, supporting both standard and Keccak variants. This involves setting up the SRS, obtaining a verification key, preparing the witness, and then generating the proofs. The Keccak variant is specifically noted for Ethereum compatibility.

```rust
use noir_rs::barretenberg::prove::{prove_ultra_honk, prove_ultra_honk_keccak};
use noir_rs::barretenberg::verify::get_ultra_honk_verification_key;
use noir_rs::barretenberg::srs::setup_srs_from_bytecode;
use noir_rs::witness::from_vec_to_witness_map;
use std::time::Instant;

const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/42NsQmAMBBF74KDWGqnOIIIVmJpYyHYWChiZ5kRxAWcQnScdJY29gZNSAgp8or7x93/fIQfT2jfdAPhiqCQuw9OoBxmLmqLicVbeJTZTmlVB8mVz+e4pOxZb/4n7h2fVy9Ey93kBZmTjiLsAAAA";

// Setup SRS
setup_srs_from_bytecode(BYTECODE, None, false).unwrap();

// Get verification key
let vk = get_ultra_honk_verification_key(BYTECODE, false, None).unwrap();

// Prepare witness: a = 5, b = 6, res = 30
let initial_witness = from_vec_to_witness_map(vec![5u128, 6u128, 30u128])
    .expect("Failed to create witness");

// Generate proof
let start = Instant::now();
let proof = prove_ultra_honk(
    BYTECODE,
    initial_witness.clone(),
    vk.clone(),
    false,  // low_memory_mode
    None    // max_storage_usage
).expect("Proof generation failed");
println!("Proof generated in {:?}", start.elapsed());
println!("Proof size: {} bytes", proof.len());

// Generate Keccak variant proof (for Ethereum)
let proof_keccak = prove_ultra_honk_keccak(
    BYTECODE,
    initial_witness,
    vk,
    false,  // disable_zk: false for zero-knowledge
    false,  // low_memory_mode
    None    // max_storage_usage
).expect("Keccak proof generation failed");

```

--------------------------------

### Rust: Decode Noir Circuit Bytecode to ACIR

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Decodes base64-encoded, gzip-compressed circuit bytecode into ACIR (Abstract Circuit Intermediate Representation) programs. Supports retrieving compressed, uncompressed, and deserialized program structures. Dependencies include `noir_rs::circuit` and `acvm::acir`.

```rust
use noir_rs::circuit::{
    get_acir_buffer,
    get_acir_buffer_uncompressed,
    decode_circuit,
    get_program
};

// Circuit bytecode from nargo compile output
const BYTECODE: &str = "H4sIAAAAAAAA/62QQQqAMAwErfigpEma5OZXLLb/f4KKLZbiTQdCQg7Dsm66mc9x00O717rhG9ico5cgMOfoMxJu4C2pAEsKioqisnslysoaLVkEQ6aMRYxKFc//ZYQr29L10XfhXv4jB52E+OpMAQAA";

// Get compressed ACIR buffer
let acir_buffer = get_acir_buffer(BYTECODE)
    .expect("Failed to decode bytecode");

// Get uncompressed ACIR buffer
let acir_buffer_uncompressed = get_acir_buffer_uncompressed(BYTECODE)
    .expect("Failed to uncompress ACIR");

// Get both compressed and uncompressed buffers
let (compressed, uncompressed) = decode_circuit(BYTECODE)
    .expect("Failed to decode circuit");

// Deserialize into Program structure
let program = get_program(BYTECODE)
    .expect("Failed to get program");
println!("Circuit loaded: {} functions", program.functions.len());
```

--------------------------------

### Cross-compile Noir.rs for Android (ARM64)

Source: https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/blob/main/README.md

Builds the Noir.rs project for the Android ARM64 architecture using Cargo. Includes options for debug, release, and builds with specific features like 'android-compat' and 'barretenberg'.

```bash
cargo build -vvvv --target aarch64-linux-android --features android-compat
# Release build
cargo build -vvvv --target aarch64-linux-android --release --features android-compat
# Build with the `barretenberg` feature
cargo build -vvvv --target aarch64-linux-android --features barretenberg --features android-compat
# Release build with the `barretenberg` feature
cargo build -vvvv --target aarch64-linux-android --features barretenberg --features android-compat --release

```

--------------------------------

### Rust: Create and Manage Witness Maps

Source: https://context7.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/llms.txt

Converts input values into WitnessMap structures for circuit execution. Supports conversion from numeric vectors and string vectors (hex/decimal). Includes functions for serializing and deserializing witness data. Dependencies include `noir_rs::witness` and `acvm::acir::native_types`.

```rust
use noir_rs::witness::{
    from_vec_to_witness_map,
    from_vec_str_to_witness_map,
    witness_map_to_witness_stack,
    serialize_witness,
    deserialize_witness
};
use acvm::acir::native_types::{WitnessMap, Witness};
use acvm::FieldElement;

// Create witness map from numeric values (u8, u16, u32, u64, u128)
let witness_from_nums = from_vec_to_witness_map(vec![5u128, 6u128, 30u128])
    .expect("Failed to create witness map");

// Create witness map from hex and decimal strings
let witness_from_strs = from_vec_str_to_witness_map(vec!["5", "6", "0x1e"])
    .expect("Failed to create witness map from strings");

// Manual witness map creation for complex inputs
let mut custom_witness = WitnessMap::new();
custom_witness.insert(Witness(0), FieldElement::from(5u128));
custom_witness.insert(Witness(1), FieldElement::from(6u128));
custom_witness.insert(Witness(2), FieldElement::from(30u128));

// Convert to witness stack
let witness_stack = witness_map_to_witness_stack(witness_from_nums)
    .expect("Failed to convert to stack");

// Serialize for storage or transmission
let serialized = serialize_witness(witness_stack)
    .expect("Failed to serialize");

// Deserialize when needed
let deserialized = deserialize_witness(serialized)
    .expect("Failed to deserialize");
```

--------------------------------

### Cross-Compile Noir.rs for iOS ARM64

Source: https://github.com/zkpassport/noir_rs/blob/main/README.md

This command shows how to cross-compile the noir_rs crate for iOS ARM64 architecture. It requires setting the IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET environment variable and can be combined with the 'barretenberg' feature for optimized builds. This is essential for deploying Noir.rs-based applications on iOS devices.

```bash
IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=15.0 cargo build -vvvv --target aarch64-apple-ios --features barretenberg --release
```
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