### Reading MRTD Data via NFC with PACE/BAC Session

Source: https://github.com/zeropass/dmrtd/blob/master/README.md

This example demonstrates connecting to an NFC-enabled passport using the DMRTD library, establishing a secure session via PACE or BAC, reading key elementary files like EF.COM, EF.DG1, EF.DG2, EF.DG14, EF.DG15, and EF.SOD, and performing active authentication. It requires the dmrtd package dependency and an NFC provider for Flutter apps, with inputs like access keys and MRDT data; outputs include parsed data groups and signatures. Limitations include incomplete parsing for some files and dependency on NFC hardware availability.

```dart
import 'package:dmrtd/dmrtd.dart';

try {
  final nfc = NfcProvider();
  await nfc.connect(iosAlertMessage: "Hold your iPhone near Passport");

  final passport = Passport(nfc);

  nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading EF.CardAccess ...");
  final cardAccess = await passport.readEfCardAccess();

  _nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Initiating session with PACE or BAC...");
  //set MrtdData
  mrtdData.isPACE = true; //initialize with PACE(set false if you want to do with DBA)
  mrtdData.isDBA = accessKey.PACE_REF_KEY_TAG == 0x01 ? true : false;

  if (isPace) {
    //PACE session
    await passport.startSessionPACE(accessKey, mrtdData.cardAccess!);
  } else {
    //BAC session
    await passport.startSession(accessKey as DBAKey);
  }

  nfc.setIosAlertMessage(formatProgressMsg("Reading EF.COM ...", 0));
  final efcom = await passport.readEfCOM();

  nfc.setIosAlertMessage(formatProgressMsg("Reading Data Groups ...", 20));
  EfDG1 dg1;
  if (efcom.dgTags.contains(EfDG1.TAG)) {
    dg1 = await passport.readEfDG1();
  }

  EfDG2 dg2;
  if (efcom.dgTags.contains(EfDG2.TAG)) {
    dg2 = await passport.readEfDG2();
  }

  EfDG14 dg14;
  if (efcom.dgTags.contains(EfDG14.TAG)) {
    dg14 = await passport.readEfDG14();
  }

  EfDG15 dg15;
  Uint8List sig;
  if (efcom.dgTags.contains(EfDG15.TAG)) {
    dg15 = await passport.readEfDG15();
    nfc.setIosAlertMessage(formatProgressMsg("Doing AA ...", 60));
    sig  = await passport.activeAuthenticate(Uint8List(8));
  }

  nfc.setIosAlertMessage(formatProgressMsg("Reading EF.SOD ...", 80));
  final sod = await passport.readEfSOD();
}
on Exception catch(e) {
  final se = e.toString().toLowerCase();
  String alertMsg = "An error has occurred while reading Passport!";
  if (e is PassportError) {
      if (se.contains("security status not satisfied")) {
        alertMsg = "Failed to initiate session with passport.\nCheck input data!";
    }
  }

  if (se.contains('timeout')){
    alertMsg = "Timeout while waiting for Passport tag";
  }
  else if (se.contains("tag was lost")) {
    alertMsg = "Tag was lost. Please try again!";
  }
  else if (se.contains("invalidated by user")) {
    alertMsg = "";
  }

  errorAlertMsg = alertMsg;
}
finally {
  if (errorAlertMsg?.isNotEmpty) {
    await _nfc.disconnect(iosErrorMessage: errorAlertMsg);
    if (!Platform.isIOS) {
    // Show error to the user
    }
  }
  else {
    await _nfc.disconnect(iosAlertMessage: formatProgressMsg("Finished", 100));
  }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Parse and validate MRZ data in Dart

Source: https://context7.com/zeropass/dmrtd/llms.txt

Implements MRZ parsing from text lines, checksum verification, and DBA key generation. Handles TD3 format (2 lines, 44 chars each) commonly found in passports. Includes example usage with validation.

```dart
import 'package:dmrtd/dmrtd.dart';
import 'dart:typed_data';
import 'dart:convert';

class MRZValidator {
  // Parse MRZ from scanned text (TD3 format - 2 lines, 44 chars each)
  static MRZ parseMRZFromText(String line1, String line2) {
    // Combine lines and convert to bytes
    final mrzString = line1 + line2;
    final mrzBytes = Uint8List.fromList(mrzString.codeUnits);

    // Parse MRZ
    final mrz = MRZ(mrzBytes);

    print("Parsed MRZ:");
    print("  Document Type: ${mrz.documentCode}");
    print("  Country: ${mrz.country}");
    print("  Name: ${mrz.firstName} ${mrz.lastName}");
    print("  Document Number: ${mrz.documentNumber}");
    print("  Nationality: ${mrz.nationality}");
    print("  Date of Birth: ${mrz.dateOfBirth}");
    print("  Gender: ${mrz.gender}");
    print("  Date of Expiry: ${mrz.dateOfExpiry}");
    print("  Optional Data: ${mrz.optionalData}");
    print("  MRZ Version: ${mrz.version}");

    return mrz;
  }

  // Calculate and verify check digit
  static bool verifyCheckDigit(String data, int expectedCheckDigit) {
    final calculatedCheckDigit = MRZ.calculateCheckDigit(data);
    return calculatedCheckDigit == expectedCheckDigit;
  }

  // Create DBA keys from MRZ
  static DBAKey createKeysFromMRZ(MRZ mrz) {
    return DBAKey.fromMRZ(mrz);
  }

  // Example usage with real MRZ data
  static void example() {
    try {
      // TD3 format example (standard passport)
      final line1 = "P<UTOERIKSSON<<ANNA<MARIA<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<";
      final line2 = "L898902C36UTO7408122F1204159ZE184226B<<<<<10";

      final mrz = parseMRZFromText(line1, line2);

      // Verify document number check digit
      final isValid = verifyCheckDigit(
        mrz.documentNumber,
        int.parse(line2[9])
      );
      print("Document number valid: $isValid");

      // Create access keys for BAC/PACE
      final accessKey = createKeysFromMRZ(mrz);
      print("Access keys created successfully");

    } on MRZParseError catch (e) {
      print("MRZ parsing failed: $e");
    }
  }
}
```

--------------------------------

### NFC Passport Reader with Error Handling (Dart)

Source: https://context7.com/zeropass/dmrtd/llms.txt

Shows how to use NfcProvider and Passport to read ePassport data with thorough error handling. Checks NFC availability, connects with timeouts and iOS alert messages, starts a session with a DBAKey, reads EF.COM and EF.DG1, and gracefully handles PassportError and NfcProviderError with user-friendly messages and proper resource cleanup. Requires the dmrtd package and NFC-capable hardware.

```dart
import 'package:dmrtd/dmrtd.dart';
import 'dart:io';

class PassportReader {
  final NfcProvider _nfc = NfcProvider();

  Future<bool> checkNfcAvailability() async {
    final status = await NfcProvider.nfcStatus;

    switch (status) {
      case NfcStatus.enabled:
        print("NFC is available and enabled");
        return true;
      case NfcStatus.disabled:
        print("NFC is available but disabled - prompt user to enable");
        return false;
      case NfcStatus.notSupported:
        print("NFC is not supported on this device");
        return false;
    }
  }

  Future<void> readPassportWithErrorHandling(DBAKey accessKey) async {
    String? errorMessage;

    try {
      // Check NFC availability first
      if (!await checkNfcAvailability()) {
        throw Exception("NFC not available");
      }

      // Connect with custom timeout
      _nfc.timeout = Duration(seconds: 15);
      await _nfc.connect(
        timeout: _nfc.timeout,
        iosAlertMessage: "Hold your iPhone near Passport"
      );

      final passport = Passport(_nfc);

      // Update iOS NFC dialog messages
      _nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Authenticating...");
      await passport.startSession(accessKey);

      _nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading passport data...");
      final efCom = await passport.readEfCOM();
      final efDg1 = await passport.readEfDG1();

      print("Successfully read passport for: ${efDg1.mrz.firstName} ${efDg1.mrz.lastName}");

    } on PassportError catch (e) {
      if (e.message.contains("security status not satisfied")) {
        errorMessage = "Authentication failed. Please check passport details.";
      } else if (e.message.contains("file not found")) {
        errorMessage = "Required data not available on this passport.";
      } else {
        errorMessage = "Passport error: ${e.message}";
      }
    } on NfcProviderError catch (e) {
      final errorStr = e.toString().toLowerCase();
      if (errorStr.contains("timeout")) {
        errorMessage = "Connection timeout. Please hold passport steady.";
      } else if (errorStr.contains("tag was lost")) {
        errorMessage = "Connection lost. Please try again.";
      } else if (errorStr.contains("invalidated by user")) {
        errorMessage = ""; // User cancelled
      } else {
        errorMessage = "NFC error: $e";
      }
    } catch (e) {
      errorMessage = "Unexpected error: $e";
    } finally {
      // Always disconnect, show appropriate message
      if (_nfc.isConnected()) {
        if (errorMessage != null && errorMessage.isNotEmpty) {
          await _nfc.disconnect(
            iosErrorMessage: errorMessage
          );

          if (!Platform.isIOS) {
            // Show error to user on Android
            print("Error: $errorMessage");
          }
        } else {
          await _nfc.disconnect(
            iosAlertMessage: "Success!"
          );
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

```

--------------------------------

### Passport Session Initialization with PACE - Dart

Source: https://context7.com/zeropass/dmrtd/llms.txt

Establishes a secure session using PACE protocol for enhanced security and compatibility with newer passports. Reads EF.CardAccess first, creates access key with PACE mode enabled, and initializes PACE session. Also demonstrates reading card security data after successful session establishment. Provides better security than BAC for newer passport implementations.

```dart
import 'package:dmrtd/dmrtd.dart';

Future<void> initializeWithPACE() async {
  final nfc = NfcProvider();

  try {
    await nfc.connect(
      iosAlertMessage: "Hold your iPhone near Passport"
    );

    final passport = Passport(nfc);

    // Read EF.CardAccess first (required for PACE)
    nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading card capabilities...");
    final cardAccess = await passport.readEfCardAccess();

    // Create access key with PACE mode enabled
    final accessKey = DBAKey(
      'AB1234567',                           // Passport number
      DateTime(1985, 5, 15),                 // Date of birth
      DateTime(2025, 6, 30),                 // Date of expiry
      paceMode: true
    );

    // Initialize PACE session
    nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Establishing secure connection...");
    await passport.startSessionPACE(accessKey, cardAccess);

    print("PACE session established successfully");

    // Read card security if needed
    final cardSecurity = await passport.readEfCardSecurity();

  } catch (e) {
    print("PACE initialization failed: $e");
  } finally {
    await nfc.disconnect();
  }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Passport Session Initialization with BAC - Dart

Source: https://context7.com/zeropass/dmrtd/llms.txt

Establishes a secure session with a passport using Basic Access Control protocol based on MRZ data. Connects to NFC tag, creates passport instance, generates access keys from MRZ data, and initializes secure session using BAC protocol. Handles PassportError and ComProviderError exceptions for authentication failures and NFC communication issues.

```dart
import 'package:dmrtd/dmrtd.dart';

Future<void> initializePassportSession() async {
  try {
    // Connect to NFC tag
    final nfc = NfcProvider();
    await nfc.connect(
      timeout: Duration(seconds: 10),
      iosAlertMessage: "Hold your iPhone near Passport"
    );

    // Create passport instance
    final passport = Passport(nfc);

    // Create access keys from passport MRZ data
    final dbaKeys = DBAKey(
      'L898902C3',                           // Passport number
      DateTime(1974, 8, 20),                 // Date of birth
      DateTime(2024, 12, 31)                 // Date of expiry
    );

    // Establish secure session using BAC protocol
    await passport.startSession(dbaKeys);

    print("Secure session established successfully");

    // Continue reading passport data...

  } on PassportError catch (e) {
    if (e.message.contains("security status not satisfied")) {
      print("Authentication failed - check MRZ data");
    } else {
      print("Passport error: ${e.message}");
    }
  } on ComProviderError catch (e) {
    print("NFC communication error: $e");
  } finally {
    await nfc.disconnect(
      iosAlertMessage: "Passport reading complete"
    );
  }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Perform Active Authentication using Dart

Source: https://context7.com/zeropass/dmrtd/llms.txt

Executes an Active Authentication challenge-response sequence to verify the passport's authenticity. Generates a random 8‑byte challenge, sends it to the chip, and checks that a signature is returned. Handles errors specific to unsupported authentication and logs relevant information.

```dart
import 'package:dmrtd/dmrtd.dart';
import 'dart:typed_data';
import 'dart:math';

Future<bool> performActiveAuthentication(Passport passport, NfcProvider nfc) async {
  try {
    // First read EF.DG15 to check if AA is supported
    nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Checking authentication support...");
    final dg15 = await passport.readEfDG15();

    print("Active Authentication is supported");

    // Generate 8-byte random challenge
    final random = Random.secure();
    final challenge = Uint8List(8);
    for (int i = 0; i < challenge.length; i++) {
      challenge[i] = random.nextInt(256);
    }

    print("Generated challenge: ${challenge.map((b) => b.toRadixString(16).padLeft(2, '0')).join()}");

    // Send challenge to passport and get signature
    nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Performing authentication...");
    final signature = await passport.activeAuthenticate(challenge);

    print("Received signature (${signature.length} bytes)");

    // In production, you would verify the signature using the public key from DG    // This requires additional cryptographic verification logic

    return signature.isNotEmpty;

  } on PassportError catch (e) {
    if (e.message.contains("not satisfied")) {
      print("Active Authentication not available on this passport");
    } else {
      print("Active Authentication failed: ${e.message}");
    }
    return false;
  }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Complete Passport Reading Workflow in Dart

Source: https://context7.com/zeropass/dmrtd/llms.txt

This Dart code demonstrates the full process of reading passport data via NFC. It handles NFC connection, authentication (BAC/PACE), reading various data groups (DG1-DG15), active authentication, and document security object. It includes error handling for communication and passport-specific errors, and provides a structured result object.

```dart
import 'package:dmrtd/dmrtd.dart';
import 'dart:typed_data';
import 'dart:io';

class CompletePassportReader {
  Future<PassportResult> readPassport({
    required String documentNumber,
    required DateTime dateOfBirth,
    required DateTime dateOfExpiry,
    bool usePACE = false,
  }) async {
    final nfc = NfcProvider();
    final result = PassportResult();

    try {
      // Step 1: Check NFC availability
      final nfcStatus = await NfcProvider.nfcStatus;
      if (nfcStatus != NfcStatus.enabled) {
        throw Exception("NFC not enabled");
      }

      // Step 2: Connect to passport
      await nfc.connect(
        timeout: Duration(seconds: 20),
        iosAlertMessage: "Hold your iPhone near Passport"
      );

      final passport = Passport(nfc);

      // Step 3: Initialize session (BAC or PACE)
      if (usePACE) {
        nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading card capabilities...");
        final cardAccess = await passport.readEfCardAccess();

        final accessKey = DBAKey(
          documentNumber, dateOfBirth, dateOfExpiry,
          paceMode: true
        );

        nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Establishing secure session...");
        await passport.startSessionPACE(accessKey, cardAccess);
      } else {
        final dbaKey = DBAKey(documentNumber, dateOfBirth, dateOfExpiry);

        nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Establishing secure session...");
        await passport.startSession(dbaKey);
      }

      // Step 4: Read EF.COM to determine available files
      nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading passport structure...");
      final efCom = await passport.readEfCOM();
      result.ldsVersion = efCom.version;

      // Step 5: Read all available data groups
      int progress = 20;

      if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG1.TAG)) {
        nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading biographical data... ${progress}%");
        result.dg1 = await passport.readEfDG1();
        progress += 15;
      }

      if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG2.TAG)) {
        nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading facial image... ${progress}%");
        result.dg2 = await passport.readEfDG2();
        progress += 20;
      }

      if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG7.TAG)) {
        nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading signature image... ${progress}%");
        result.dg7 = await passport.readEfDG7();
        progress += 10;
      }

      if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG11.TAG)) {
        nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading additional details... ${progress}%");
        result.dg11 = await passport.readEfDG11();
        progress += 10;
      }

      if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG15.TAG)) {
        result.dg15 = await passport.readEfDG15();

        // Perform Active Authentication if available
        nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Verifying authenticity... ${progress}%");
        final challenge = Uint8List(8);
        result.aaSignature = await passport.activeAuthenticate(challenge);
        progress += 15;
      }

      // Step 6: Read EF.SOD for document verification
      nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading security object... ${progress}%");
      result.sod = await passport.readEfSOD();

      result.success = true;

      await nfc.disconnect(
        iosAlertMessage: "Passport read successfully!"
      );

    } on PassportError catch (e) {
      result.success = false;
      result.error = "Passport error: ${e.message}";

      await nfc.disconnect(
        iosErrorMessage: result.error
      );
    } on ComProviderError catch (e) {
      result.success = false;
      result.error = "Communication error: $e";

      await nfc.disconnect(
        iosErrorMessage: result.error
      );
    } catch (e) {
      result.success = false;
      result.error = "Unexpected error: $e";

      if (nfc.isConnected()) {
        await nfc.disconnect(iosErrorMessage: result.error);
      }
    }

    return result;
  }
}

class PassportResult {
  bool success = false;
  String? error;
  String? ldsVersion;
  EfDG1? dg1;
  EfDG2? dg2;
  EfDG7? dg7;
  EfDG11? dg11;
  EfDG15? dg15;
  EfSOD? sod;
  Uint8List? aaSignature;

  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() {
    if (!success) {
      return {'success': false, 'error': error};
    }

    return {
      'success': true,
      'ldsVersion': ldsVersion,
      'personalData': dg1 != null ? {
        'firstName': dg1!.mrz.firstName,
        'lastName': dg1!.mrz.lastName,
        'documentNumber': dg1!.mrz.documentNumber,
        'nationality': dg1!.mrz.nationality,
        'dateOfBirth': dg1!.mrz.dateOfBirth.toIso8601String(),
        'dateOfExpiry': dg1!.mrz.dateOfExpiry.toIso8601String(),
        'gender': dg1!.mrz.gender,
      } : null,
      'hasPhoto': dg2?.imageData != null,
      'hasSignature': dg7 != null,
      'hasActiveAuth': aaSignature != null,
    };
  }
}

```

--------------------------------

### Read Passport Data Groups using Dart

Source: https://context7.com/zeropass/dmrtd/llms.txt

Reads and parses biographical data, facial images, and additional details from an ePassport via NFC. Utilizes the dmrtd library to access EF.COM, EF.DG1, EF.DG2, EF.DG11, EF.DG12, EF.DG15, and EF.SOD, storing results in a map. Handles missing groups and errors with appropriate messages.

```dart
import 'package:dmrtd/dmrtd.dart';
import 'dart:typed_data';

Future<Map<String, dynamic>> readPassportData(Passport passport, NfcProvider nfc) async {
  final passportData = <String, dynamic>{};

  try {
    // Read EF.COM to determine available data groups
    nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading passport structure...");
    final efCom = await passport.readEfCOM();

    print("LDS Version: ${efCom.version}");
    print("Unicode Version: ${efCom.unicodeVersion}");
    print("Available Data Groups: ${efCom.dgTags}");

    // Read EF.DG1 - MRZ information
    if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG1.TAG)) {
      nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading biographical data...");
      final dg1 = await passport.readEfDG1();
      final mrz = dg1.mrz;

      passportData['firstName'] = mrz.firstName;
      passportData['lastName'] = mrz.lastName;
     Data['documentNumber'] = mrz.documentNumber;
      passportData['nationality'] = mrz.nationality;
      passportData['dateOfBirth'] = mrz.dateOfBirth;
      passportData['dateOfExpiry'] = mrz.dateOfExpiry;
      passportData['gender'] = mrz.gender;
      passportData['country'] = mrz.country;

      print("Name: ${mrz.firstName} ${mrz.lastName}");
      print("Document: ${mrz.documentNumber}");
    }

    // Read EF.DG2 - Facial image
    if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG2.TAG)) {
      nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading facial image...");
      final dg2 = await passport.readEfDG2();

      if (dg2.imageData != null) {
        passportData['faceImage'] = dg2.imageData;
        passportData['imageType'] = dg2.imageType; // jpeg or jpeg2000
        passportData['imageWidth'] = dg2.imageWidth;
        passportData['imageHeight'] = dg2.imageHeight;

        print("Image size: ${dg2.imageWidth}x${dg2.imageHeight}");
        print("Image format: ${dg2.imageType}");
      }
    }

    // Read EF.DG11 - Additional personal details
    if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG11.TAG)) {
      final dg11 = await passport.readEfDG11();
      passportData['additionalDetails'] = dg11;
    }

    // Read EF.DG12 - Additional document details
    if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG12.TAG)) {
      final dg12 = await passport.readEfDG12();
      passportData['documentDetails'] = dg;
    }

    // Read EF.DG15 - Active Authentication public key
    if (efCom.dgTags.contains(EfDG15.TAG)) {
      nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Reading security features...");
      final dg15 = await passport.readEfDG15();
      passportData['aaPublicKey'] = dg15;
    }

    // Read EF.SOD - Document security object
    nfc.setIosAlertMessage("Verifying document integrity...");
    final sod = await passport.readEfSOD();
    passportData['securityObject'] = sod;

    return passportData;

  } catch (e) {
    print("Error reading passport data: $e");
    rethrow;
  }
}
```

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