### Install Alveo Examples Package using PIP

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Installs the pynq-alveo-examples package, which provides introductory examples for PYNQ on Alveo. This package is installed via pip.

```bash
pip install pynq-alveo-examples
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve PYNQ Notebooks

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Fetches all available PYNQ notebooks, typically for Alveo examples, into a local 'pynq-notebooks' directory. This command may download overlays.

```bash
pynq get-notebooks
```

--------------------------------

### Install Jupyter using PIP

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Installs the Jupyter Notebook package using pip. This is an alternative to installing it via the pynq-alveo-examples package.

```bash
pip install jupyter
```

--------------------------------

### Install PYNQ Development Version from Source

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_remote/quickstart.rst

Installs the latest development version of PYNQ by cloning the GitHub repository and installing it directly from the source code. This is useful for users who want the newest features or are contributing to PYNQ development.

```bash
pip install git+https://github.com/Xilinx/PYNQ.git
```

--------------------------------

### Download and Install Anaconda

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Downloads the Anaconda installer script and then executes it to install the Anaconda Python distribution. This is recommended for managing PYNQ environments.

```bash
wget https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2022.05-Linux-x86_64.sh -O anaconda3.sh
bash anaconda3.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Source XRT Setup Script

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Executes the Xilinx Runtime (XRT) setup script. This must be done in every bash session before using PYNQ with Alveo. The path is typically fixed.

```bash
source /opt/xilinx/xrt/setup.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Start Jupyter Lab Server

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_remote/quickstart.rst

Launches the Jupyter Lab environment, providing a web-based interface to access and run PYNQ notebooks. This command is essential for interacting with the PYNQ framework and executing the example code.

```bash
jupyter lab
```

```bash
python -m jupyterlab
```

--------------------------------

### Navigate to Notebooks and Start Jupyter

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Changes the current directory to the 'pynq-notebooks' folder and starts the Jupyter Notebook server. Assumes notebooks have been previously retrieved.

```bash
cd pynq-notebooks
jupyter notebook
```

--------------------------------

### Install PYNQ-HelloWorld Dependencies and Overlay

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_remote/quickstart.rst

Installs necessary Python packages like jupyterlab, matplotlib, and pillow, followed by the pynq-helloworld overlay. The BOARD environment variable must be set to target the correct AMD adaptive SoC.

```bash
pip install jupyterlab matplotlib pillow wheel
BOARD=ZCU104 pip install --no-build-isolation pynq-helloworld
```

```powershell
$env:BOARD="ZCU104"; pip install --no-build-isolation pynq-helloworld
```

```batch
set BOARD=ZCU104 && pip install --no-build-isolation pynq-helloworld
```

--------------------------------

### Install PYNQ Package using PIP

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Installs the PYNQ Python package using the pip package installer. This is a fundamental step for using PYNQ.

```bash
pip install pynq
```

--------------------------------

### Download PYNQ Notebooks and Overlay Files

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_remote/quickstart.rst

Downloads the PYNQ-HelloWorld notebooks and overlay files for a specified board. The '-d' argument is crucial for the get-notebooks function to locate the correct files for the target device.

```bash
pynq get-notebooks pynq-helloworld -d ZCU104
```

--------------------------------

### Get Help on PYNQ Video Subsystem

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_overlays/loading_an_overlay.ipynb

This example shows how to use the `help()` function to get detailed information about the video subsystem, specifically the `HDMIWrapper` class. This is useful for understanding the available attributes and methods for video input/output control.

```python
help(base_overlay.video)
```

--------------------------------

### Run Host Setup Script for VM-Based Build

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/README.md

Executes the setup script for the VM-based PYNQ image build process. This script installs required packages and configures the host environment. It's a prerequisite for building PYNQ images without Docker on a supported Linux distribution. Ensure sudo is configured for passwordless use.

```shell
scripts/setup_host.sh
```

--------------------------------

### PYNQ CLI: Accessing Examples Help

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_cli.rst

Shows how to display the help message for the 'pynq examples' command, which may contain additional options related to examples.

```bash
pynq examples --help
```

--------------------------------

### Install and Upgrade IPython for Older Python Versions

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

This command ensures a compatible version of IPython is installed when using Python versions older than 3.6 with Jupyter. It's a crucial step for maintaining stability and functionality.

```bash
pip install --upgrade ipython==7.9
```

--------------------------------

### Accessing PYNQ MicroBlaze Examples

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/pynq_microblaze_subsystem.rst

This command shows the directory where example PYNQ MicroBlaze code can be found. Users can navigate to this directory to explore and utilize pre-built examples for programming the MicroBlaze.

```console
<PYNQ dashboard>/base/microblaze
```

--------------------------------

### Instantiate BaseOverlay and Pmod_PWM in Python

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z2/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_pwm.ipynb

Imports the BaseOverlay from pynq.overlays.base and instantiates it. Then, it imports Pmod_PWM and creates an instance for PMODA, setting the initial pin to 0. This is the setup required to use the Pmod PWM functionality.

```python
from pynq.overlays.base import BaseOverlay
base = BaseOverlay("base.bit")

from pynq.lib import Pmod_PWM

pwm = Pmod_PWM(base.PMODA,0)
```

--------------------------------

### Access Arduino Examples Directory

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/arduino.rst

This console command shows how to navigate to the directory containing Arduino-related example notebooks on a PYNQ-Z1 board. This is useful for exploring further practical applications.

```bash
<Jupyter Dashboard>/base/arduino/
```

--------------------------------

### Create Conda Environment from File

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Creates a Conda environment named 'pynq-env' using the specified 'environment.yml' configuration file. This ensures a tested and working environment.

```bash
conda env create -f environment.yml
```

--------------------------------

### Access Example Notebook

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/axigpio.rst

Provides the console command to locate an example notebook demonstrating the use of buttons and LEDs with the AxiGPIO module on PYNQ boards.

```console
<Jupyter Home>/base/board/board_btns_leds.ipynb
```

--------------------------------

### Setup and Run Boolean Generator - Python

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/logictools/notebooks/boolean_generator.ipynb

Initializes the boolean generator object, sets up the defined boolean function, and runs the generator for verification. The 'setup()' method configures the logic, and 'run()' executes it.

```python
boolean_generator = logictools_olay.boolean_generator
boolean_generator.setup(function)
boolean_generator.run()
```

--------------------------------

### Configure PYNQ Board Specifications (Makefile)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/README.md

This Makefile snippet defines essential board-specific configurations for PYNQ, including the PetaLinux BSP file, the bitstream to load on boot, and any additional packages to install in the root filesystem. These variables are crucial for the build process and image customization.

```makefile
BSP_Myboard := Myboard.bsp
BITSTREAM_Myboard := Myboard.bit
# Optionally install some additional packages
STAGE4_PACKAGES_Myboard := my_package
```

--------------------------------

### Start Logging Multiple Arduino Analog Devices in PYNQ

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/arduino/arduino_analog.ipynb

This code initializes and starts logging from multiple Arduino analog devices simultaneously. It specifies the base Arduino interface and a list of Grove connections to monitor.

```python
analog2 = Arduino_Analog(base.ARDUINO,[0,1,4])
analog2.set_log_interval_ms(100)
analog2.start_log()
```

--------------------------------

### Accessing RPi Examples Directory (Console)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/rpi.rst

This snippet shows how to navigate to the directory containing RPi examples on a PYNQ-Z2 board using the Jupyter Dashboard. It assumes access to the board's file system via the dashboard.

```console
<Jupyter Dashboard>/base/rpi/
```

--------------------------------

### Install XRT on PYNQ using qemu.sh script

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/packages/xrtlib/README.md

Automates the process of building and installing XRT for PYNQ devices. It can download pre-built packages or build XRT from source if the force-rebuild option is used. Installs XRT and pyxrt.so, and creates a Debian package.

```bash
chmod +x qemu.sh
./qemu.sh [--force-rebuild]
```

--------------------------------

### Activate Conda Environment

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Sources the Conda activation script to add Conda to the system's PATH. This is necessary if Conda is not automatically added during installation.

```bash
source <your-conda-install-path>/bin/activate
```

--------------------------------

### Build PYNQ Image using Make (VM-Based)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/README.md

Initiates the PYNQ image build process when using the VM-based setup. This command assumes Petalinux is installed and on the PATH, and that prebuilt tarballs are placed in 'sdbuild/prebuilt/'. The BOARDDIR argument specifies the directory containing board-specific configurations.

```shell
make BOARDDIR=<boards_dir>
```

--------------------------------

### Configure and Start HDMI Interfaces

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/notebooks/getting_started/5_base_overlay_video.ipynb

Configures the HDMI input and output interfaces, setting the output mode to match the input, and then starts both interfaces. This prepares them for data transfer.

```python
hdmi_in.configure()
hdmi_out.configure(hdmi_in.mode)

hdmi_in.start()
hdmi_out.start()
```

--------------------------------

### Example wpa_supplicant.conf Network Configuration

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/packages/wifi_connect/README.md

This snippet demonstrates the structure of a `wpa_supplicant.conf` file, which is used to configure WiFi networks for automatic connection. It shows how to define multiple networks with their SSIDs, passwords (plain text or hashed), and unique IDs. This configuration is typically placed in the boot partition for automated setup.

```shell
network={
    # Network name
    ssid="MyHomeNetwork"

    # Password in plain text using quotes
    psk="AndItsPlaintextPassword"

    # A unique ID for this entry
    id_str="home"
}

network={
    # Second network name
    ssid="ConferenceWiFi"
    
    # Password obfuscated with wpa_passphrase command
    psk=d1d140ae3d73f946bfb117479b8967a5a5b541f712c0f40ba8049f34ce43e89c
    
    # A unique ID
    id_str="demonight"
}
```

--------------------------------

### Clone PYNQ Repository (Bash)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_remote/image_build.rst

Clones the PYNQ repository and its submodules. This is the first step in setting up the build environment. Ensure you have Git installed.

```bash
git clone --recursive https://github.com/Xilinx/PYNQ.git
```

--------------------------------

### Grove OLED Microblaze Driver Example

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_grove_oled.ipynb

Example demonstrating the usage of the existing Microblaze driver for the Grove OLED Pmod, highlighting its speed advantage.

```APIDOC
## Grove_OLED Initialization and Usage

### Description
This example shows how to initialize and use the Grove_OLED class, which utilizes an existing Microblaze driver for potentially faster performance.

### Method
Initialize the `Grove_OLED` object, clear the screen, write text, and then delete the object.

### Endpoint
N/A (This is a Python code example)

### Parameters
- **pmod_id** (object) - Required - The PMOD object (e.g., `base.PMODB`).
- **pmod_port** (constant) - Required - The Grove connection port (e.g., `PMOD_GROVE_G3`).

### Request Example
```python
from pynq.lib.pmod import Grove_OLED
from pynq.lib.pmod import PMOD_GROVE_G3
from pynq import PL

# Flush IOP
PL.reset()

# Initialize the Grove_OLED object
oled = Grove_OLED(base.PMODB, PMOD_GROVE_G3)

# Clear the screen
oled.clear()

# Write text to the screen
oled.write('Hello from Microblaze.')

# Delete the object to release resources
del oled
```

### Response
N/A (This is an example of how to use the driver, not an API response)

### Error Handling
- `ValueError`: If invalid `gr_pins` are provided during initialization (handled internally by the class).
```

--------------------------------

### Start Logging with Grove ADC (Pmod Adapter)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_grove_adc.ipynb

Configures and starts logging analog readings from the Grove ADC connected via the Pmod adapter at a specified interval (100 milliseconds). This allows for continuous data collection over time.

```python
grove_adc.set_log_interval_ms(100)
grove_adc.start_log()

```

--------------------------------

### Start Analog Logging in PYNQ

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/arduino/arduino_analog.ipynb

This code configures and starts logging analog values from an Arduino analog controller. It sets the logging interval in milliseconds and initiates the data capture process.

```python
from time import sleep

analog1.set_log_interval_ms(100)
analog1.start_log()
```

--------------------------------

### Start Grove ADC Logging with Pmod Adapter

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z2/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_grove_adc.ipynb

Configures and starts logging analog readings from the Grove ADC connected via the Pmod adapter. Readings are logged at a specified interval (100ms).

```python
grove_adc.set_log_interval_ms(100)
grove_adc.start_log()
```

--------------------------------

### Example Usage with LEDs

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_overlays/loading_an_overlay.ipynb

Demonstrates how to use the PYNQ API to toggle an LED, illustrating the object-oriented control.

```APIDOC
## LED Control Example

### Description
This example shows how to toggle a specific LED on the board using the PYNQ overlay and channel/pin access.

### Method

- **`base_overlay.leds[index].toggle()`**
  - Toggles the state of the LED at the specified index.

### Endpoint

Not applicable, this is a Python code example within the PYNQ framework.

### Parameters

#### `leds[index].toggle()`
- **`index`** (int) - Required - The index of the LED to toggle (e.g., 0 for LD0).

### Request Example

```python
# Assuming 'base_overlay' is an initialized PYNQ overlay object
base_overlay.leds[0].toggle() # Toggles LD0 on the board
```

### Response

No direct response, the action directly affects the hardware (LED state change).
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize and Start HDMI Output Frontend (Python)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z2/base/notebooks/video/hdmi_video_pipeline.ipynb

Accesses and initializes the HDMI output frontend driver. Before starting, the video mode must be set, typically to match the input frontend's mode. Starting this frontend prepares for video output.

```python
hdmiout_frontend = base.video.hdmi_out.frontend

hdmiout_frontend.mode = hdmiin_frontend.mode
hdmiout_frontend.start()
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize and Start HDMI Output Frontend

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/video/hdmi_video_pipeline.ipynb

Initializes the HDMI output frontend driver and sets its video mode to match the input. The 'start()' method is called to prepare the output, though no video data is sent by default.

```python
hdmiout_frontend = base.video.hdmi_out.frontend
hdmiout_frontend.mode = hdmiin_frontend.mode
hdmiout_frontend.start()
```

--------------------------------

### Install Vivado Board Files for PYNQ

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/board_settings.rst

This console command shows the target directory within a Xilinx Vivado installation where board files should be copied to enable selection of specific PYNQ boards when creating new projects. Restarting Vivado is required after installation.

```console
<Xilinx installation directory>/Vivado/<version>/data/xhub/boards/XilinxBoardStore/boards/Xilinx/
```

--------------------------------

### Set up Xilinx Tool Environment inside Docker

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_sd_card.rst

Sources the environment setup scripts for Vivado and PetaLinux within the Docker container. This makes the Xilinx tools available in the container's PATH, enabling their use for building PYNQ images. Adjust paths to match your specific installation.

```console
source /tools/Xilinx/Vivado/2024.1/settings64.sh
source /home/user/petalinux/settings.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Configure and Display FSM

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/logictools/notebooks/fsm_generator.ipynb

This snippet sets up the FSM generator with the previously defined specification and displays a visual representation of the FSM's state diagram. The setup can optionally include a custom clock frequency.

```python
fsm_generator.setup(fsm_spec)
fsm_generator.show_state_diagram()
```

--------------------------------

### Install PYNQ from Source Distribution

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/python_packaging.rst

This command installs the PYNQ Python library from a previously generated source distribution tarball. Environment variables BOARD and PYNQ_JUPYTER_NOTEBOOKS should be set before installation. A reboot is required after installation.

```console
export BOARD=<Board>
export PYNQ_JUPYTER_NOTEBOOKS=<Jupyter-Notebook-Location> 
pip3 install pynq-<release.version>.tar.gz
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize and Start HDMI Input Frontend

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/video/hdmi_video_pipeline.ipynb

Initializes the HDMI input frontend driver from the base overlay and starts it to detect the video mode. The 'start()' method blocks until a video lock is achieved.

```python
hdmiin_frontend = base.video.hdmi_in.frontend
hdmiin_frontend.start()
hdmiin_frontend.mode
```

--------------------------------

### Connect Pmod PWM to Pmod Interface

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_pwm.ipynb

Connects the Pmod PWM driver to a specified Pmod interface (e.g., PMODA) and pin. This setup is crucial for directing the PWM signal to the desired hardware interface.

```python
from pynq.lib import Pmod_PWM

pwm = Pmod_PWM(base.PMODA,0)
```

--------------------------------

### PYNQ Logictools Common Methods

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/logictools.rst

These methods are common to all hardware blocks within the logictools overlay, allowing for basic control and configuration. They include setup, run, step, stop, reset, and trace operations.

```python
overlay.logictools.setup()
overlay.logictools.run()
overlay.logictools.step()
overlay.logictools.stop()
overlay.logictools.reset()
overlay.logictools.trace()
```

--------------------------------

### Create Wifi Instance using Pynq

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/pynq/notebooks/common/wifi.ipynb

Initializes a Wifi instance from the pynq.lib library. This requires either a USB WiFi module to be plugged in or an embedded WiFi module to be present on the board.

```python
from pynq.lib import Wifi

port = Wifi()
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize and Start HDMI Input Frontend (Python)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z2/base/notebooks/video/hdmi_video_pipeline.ipynb

Accesses and initializes the HDMI input frontend driver from the base overlay. Starting the frontend attempts to detect the video mode and locks onto it, making the video mode information available.

```python
hdmiin_frontend = base.video.hdmi_in.frontend

hdmiin_frontend.start()
hdmiin_frontend.mode
```

--------------------------------

### Install PYNQ Host Dependencies Script

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_sd_card.rst

Executes a shell script to install the necessary dependencies on a native Ubuntu OS for building PYNQ images. This script is part of the PYNQ repository and ensures the build environment is correctly configured if not using Docker.

```console
<PYNQ repository>/sdbuild/scripts/setup_host.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Start HDMI Input/Output Streams

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/video.rst

Starts the HDMI input and output data streams after they have been configured. This enables data transfer between the interfaces.

```Python
hdmi_in.start()
hdmi_out.start()
```

--------------------------------

### Load Base Overlay in PYNQ

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/arduino/arduino_analog.ipynb

This code snippet initializes the PYNQ environment by loading the base overlay, which is a prerequisite for interacting with PYNQ hardware.

```python
# Make sure the base overlay is loaded
from pynq.overlays.base import BaseOverlay
base = BaseOverlay("base.bit")
```

--------------------------------

### Test Grove OLED with Python Class

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_grove_oled.ipynb

Example code to instantiate and use the `Python_Grove_OLED` class. It first resets the IOP, creates an OLED object connected to PMODB and PMOD_GROVE_G3, clears the screen, writes a message, and then deletes the object.

```python
from pynq import PL
from pynq.lib.pmod import PMOD_GROVE_G3

# Flush IOP
PL.reset()

oled = Python_Grove_OLED(base.PMODB,PMOD_GROVE_G3)
oled.clear()
oled.write('Hi from Python.')
del oled
```

--------------------------------

### MicroBlaze Mailbox Communication Example (Python/C)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/pynq_microblaze_subsystem.rst

Illustrates the process of initiating a peripheral read from Python to a MicroBlaze application. This involves writing a command to a mailbox, which the MicroBlaze reads, processes, and responds to by placing data in the mailbox. The example outlines the steps for both Python and the MicroBlaze application.

```console
1. Python writes a read command (e.g. 0x3) to the mailbox command address (0xfffc).
2. MicroBlaze application checks the command address, and reads and decodes the command.
3. MicroBlaze performs a read from the peripheral and places the data at the mailbox base address (0xf000).
4. MicroBlaze writes 0x0 to the mailbox command address (0xfffc) to confirm transaction is complete.
5. Python checks the command address (0xfffc), and sees that the MicroBlaze has written 0x0, indicating the read is complete, and data is available.
```

```c
#define MAILBOX_BASE 0xf000
#define MAILBOX_CMD_ADDR (0xfffc)

// In MicroBlaze application (e.g., circular_buffer.h)
// ... read command from MAILBOX_CMD_ADDR ...
// ... process command ...
// ... write data to MAILBOX_BASE ...
// ... write 0x0 to MAILBOX_CMD_ADDR to indicate completion ...

```

```python
# In Python application
# Assuming 'mb_interface' is an object representing the MicroBlaze interface
command_read = 0x3
mailbox_cmd_address = 0xfffc
mailbox_base_address = 0xf000

# 1. Python writes a read command
mb_interface.write_to_mailbox(command_read, mailbox_cmd_address)

# 5. Python checks for completion and reads data
status = mb_interface.read_from_mailbox(mailbox_cmd_address)
if status == 0x0:
    data = mb_interface.read_from_mailbox(mailbox_base_address)
    # Process data

```

--------------------------------

### RootFS Package Installation Scripts (Bash)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/packages/README.md

These bash scripts facilitate the installation of additional packages into the PYNQ root filesystem. `pre.sh` copies files, `qemu.sh` runs within the chroot using QEMU, and `post.sh` handles cleanup. They expect the chroot directory as the first argument.

```bash
# pre.sh: Copies required files into the chroot.
# Usage: ./pre.sh <chroot_path>

CHROOT_DIR=$1

# Example: Copy a file into the chroot
cp my_file.txt "$CHROOT_DIR/path/in/chroot/"

```

```bash
# qemu.sh: Runs within the chroot under QEMU.
# Usage: (executed by build system)

# Example: Install a package inside the chroot
apt-get update && apt-get install -y some-package

```

```bash
# post.sh: Performs cleanup after installation.
# Usage: ./post.sh <chroot_path>

CHROOT_DIR=$1

# Example: Remove temporary files
rm -rf "$CHROOT_DIR/tmp/"

```

--------------------------------

### Instantiate and Download PYNQ Overlay (Python)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/overlay.rst

Instantiates the Overlay class with a .bit file, which implicitly downloads the bitstream to the PL. The .bit file path can be relative, absolute, or located within installed packages.

```Python
from pynq import Overlay

base = Overlay("base.bit") # bitstream implicitly downloaded to PL
```

--------------------------------

### Activate Conda Environment

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/alveo_getting_started.rst

Activates the 'pynq-env' Conda environment, making its packages and Python interpreter available in the current shell session.

```bash
conda activate pynq-env
```

--------------------------------

### Boolean Generator: Setup, Run, and Stop Hardware Logic

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/logictools.rst

Configures and controls the Boolean Generator. The `setup()` method applies the defined function specifications. `run()` activates the hardware logic. `stop()` disconnects the I/O pins, and `reset()` clears all pin reservations, allowing for a new configuration.

```Python
boolean_generator.setup(function_specs)
```

```Python
boolean_generator.run()
```

```Python
boolean_generator.stop()
```

```Python
boolean_generator.reset()
```

--------------------------------

### Connect to Wifi Network

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/pynq/notebooks/common/wifi.ipynb

Connects to a specified WiFi network by prompting the user for the SSID and password. The connection process may take some time to establish.

```python
ssid = input("Type in the SSID:")
pwd = input("Type in the password:")
port.connect(ssid, pwd)
```

--------------------------------

### Get Analog Log Data in PYNQ

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/arduino/arduino_analog.ipynb

This snippet retrieves the logged analog data after logging has been started. The data is returned as a nested list, where each inner list contains samples for a single channel.

```python
log1 = analog1.get_log()
```

--------------------------------

### Setup.py for PYNQ Package Distribution

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/python_packaging.rst

This Python script demonstrates how to configure a setup.py file for distributing a PYNQ package. It includes PYNQ-specific entry points for notebooks and overlays, registers PYNQ's build_py command for managing overlay files, and declares dependencies on the 'pynq' package.

```python
from setuptools import setup, find_packages
from pynq.utils import build_py
import new_overlay

setup(
   name = "new_overlay",
   version = new_overlay.__version__,
   url = 'https://github.com/your_github/new_overlay',
   license = 'All rights reserved.',
   author = "Your Name",
   author_email = "your@email.com",
   packages = find_packages(),
   inlcude_package_data=True,
   install_requires=[
       'pynq'
   ],
   setup_requires=[
       'pynq'
   ],
   entry_points={
       'pynq.notebooks': [
           'new-overlay = new_overlay.notebooks'
       ]
   },
   cmdclass={'build_py': build_py},
   description = "New custom overlay"
)

```

--------------------------------

### Discovering Overlay Contents

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_overlays/loading_an_overlay.ipynb

Explains how to use the `help()` function on an instantiated overlay object to understand its structure and available IPs.

```APIDOC
## GET /overlay/help

### Description
Retrieves help information for a loaded overlay, detailing its structure, available IPs, and attributes.

### Method
GET

### Endpoint
`/overlay/help`

### Parameters
#### Query Parameters
- **overlay_name** (string) - Required - The name of the loaded overlay for which to get help information.

### Request Example
`GET /overlay/help?overlay_name=base_overlay`

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **help_text** (string) - Detailed help information about the specified overlay.

#### Response Example
```json
{
  "help_text": "Help on BaseOverlay in module pynq.overlays.base.base object:\n\nclass BaseOverlay(pynq.overlay.Overlay)\n | The Base overlay for the Pynq-Z1\n | ... (full help text) ..."
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### Start and Stop Temperature Logging

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z2/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_tmp2.ipynb

Demonstrates how to start and stop the PmodTMP2 sensor's logging functionality. The sensor logs temperature readings at a default interval of 1 second.

```python
mytmp.start_log()
```

```python
mytmp.stop_log()
log = mytmp.get_log()
```

--------------------------------

### Get Help and Information on a Register - Python

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/board/register_map_intro.ipynb

This snippet shows how to use the 'help()' function to get detailed information about a specific register, including its description and subfields. This is useful for understanding the purpose and structure of registers.

```python
help(btns.register_map.IP_IER)
```

--------------------------------

### Setup Pattern Generator and Trace Analyzer

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/logictools/notebooks/single_stepping_generators.ipynb

Instantiates the pattern generator and configures it with the defined waveform. Optionally enables the trace analyzer to capture samples for verification.

```python
pattern_generator = logictools_olay.pattern_generator
pattern_generator.trace(num_analyzer_samples=16)
pattern_generator.setup(up_counter,
                        stimulus_group_name='stimulus',
                        analysis_group_name='analysis')
```

--------------------------------

### Generate PYNQ Boot Files

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/README.md

Generates only the boot files for a PYNQ SD card image using 'make boot_files'. Requires specifying the board directory.

```makefile
make boot_files BOARDDIR=<absolute_path>/myboards
```

--------------------------------

### Start and Stop PmodTMP2 Temperature Logging

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_tmp2.ipynb

Starts and stops the temperature logging functionality of the PmodTMP2 sensor. Once logging is stopped, the collected log data can be retrieved. The default logging interval is 1 second.

```python
mytmp.start_log()
# ... wait for at least 10 seconds ...
mytmp.stop_log()
log = mytmp.get_log()
```

--------------------------------

### Generate PWM Signal (25% Duty Cycle, 20us Period)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_pwm.ipynb

Generates a PWM signal with a 25% duty cycle and a 20 microsecond period for 5 seconds. This example demonstrates configuring the Pmod PWM driver with different timing parameters.

```python
import time

# Generate a 20 us clocks with 25% duty cycle
period=20
duty=25
pwm.generate(period,duty)

# Sleep for 5 seconds and stop the timer
time.sleep(5)
pwm.stop()
```

--------------------------------

### Generate PYNQ BSP

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/README.md

Generates the Petalinux BSP for future use with 'make bsp'. Requires specifying the board directory.

```makefile
make bsp BOARDDIR=<absolute_path>/myboards
```

--------------------------------

### PYNQ CLI: Get Notebooks Ignoring Overlays

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_cli.rst

Explains how to download notebooks even if associated overlays are not found for the target device, using the '--ignore-overlays' option.

```bash
pynq get-notebooks --ignore-overlays
```

--------------------------------

### Loading a Basic Overlay

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_overlays/loading_an_overlay.ipynb

Demonstrates how to load a standard overlay using the Overlay class.

```APIDOC
## POST /overlay

### Description
Loads a specified overlay (bitstream) into the Programmable Logic (PL) of the FPGA.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
`/overlay`

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **bitstream_name** (string) - Required - The name of the bitstream file (e.g., "base.bit") to load.
- **download** (boolean) - Optional - Whether to download the bitstream. Defaults to true.
- **dtbo** (string) - Optional - The device tree overlay file to use.
- **ignore_version** (boolean) - Optional - Whether to ignore version mismatches.

### Request Example
```json
{
  "bitstream_name": "base.bit",
  "download": true
}
```

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **message** (string) - Confirmation message that the overlay was loaded successfully.

#### Response Example
```json
{
  "message": "Overlay 'base.bit' loaded successfully."
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### Instantiate and Inspect PYNQ Overlay

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/overlay_tutorial.ipynb

This snippet demonstrates how to load a PYNQ overlay and inspect its properties to verify that drivers for included IP cores are automatically bound. It assumes the overlay file and its corresponding Python driver files are accessible.

```python
overlay = Overlay('/home/xilinx/tutorial_2.bit')
overlay?
```

--------------------------------

### PYNQ CLI: Print Version

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_cli.rst

Illustrates how to retrieve the installed PYNQ version and its associated commit hash from the repository. This information is useful for debugging and bug reporting.

```bash
pynq --version
```

--------------------------------

### Add PYNQ to PetaLinux Image Install

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/boot/meta-pynq/README.md

This snippet shows how to append the 'python3-pynq' package to the PetaLinux image installation. This ensures that the PYNQ Python library is included in the root filesystem when building the image. It's a crucial step for enabling PYNQ functionality within the PetaLinux environment.

```bash
IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " python3-pynq"
```

--------------------------------

### Test Grove OLED with Microblaze Driver

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_grove_oled.ipynb

Example code demonstrating the use of the pre-existing `Grove_OLED` Microblaze driver. It resets the IOP, initializes the OLED on PMODB and PMOD_GROVE_G3, clears the screen, writes a message, and then deletes the object. This method is noted to be faster than the Python implementation.

```python
from pynq.lib.pmod import Grove_OLED
from pynq.lib.pmod import PMOD_GROVE_G3

# Flush IOP
PL.reset()
oled = Grove_OLED(base.PMODB,PMOD_GROVE_G3)
oled.clear()
oled.write('Hello from      Microblaze.')
del oled
```

--------------------------------

### PYNQ CLI: Get Notebooks with Specific Path

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_cli.rst

Explains how to specify a custom directory for downloading PYNQ notebooks using the '--path' option.

```bash
pynq get-notebooks --path <your-path>
```

--------------------------------

### PYNQ CLI: Print Help Message

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_cli.rst

Shows how to display the help message for the PYNQ CLI, which includes available options and a list of registered subcommands.

```bash
pynq --help
```

--------------------------------

### Build PetaLinux Boot Files

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/sdbuild/boot/meta-pynq/README.md

This command is used to package the PetaLinux build artifacts, including the U-Boot bootloader and FPGA bitstream, into the necessary BOOT.BIN file. This file is essential for booting the embedded system with the configured PetaLinux image and PYNQ environment.

```bash
petalinux-pacakge --boot --u-boot --fpga
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve and Plot Grove ADC Log Data with Pmod Adapter

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z2/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_grove_adc.ipynb

Retrieves logged voltage data from the Grove ADC and plots it over time using matplotlib. Assumes logging has been started.

```python
log = grove_adc.get_log()
```

```python
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.plot(range(len(log)), log, 'ro')
plt.title('Grove ADC Voltage Log')
plt.axis([0, len(log), min(log), max(log)])
plt.show()
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize HDMI Input/Output

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/video.rst

Sets up instances for HDMI input and output using the PYNQ Overlay. This is a prerequisite for any video operations.

```Python
from pynq import Overlay
from pynq.lib.video import *

base = Overlay('base.bit')
hdmi_in = base.video.hdmi_in
hdmi_out = base.video.hdmi_out
```

--------------------------------

### Console: Access Logictools Notebooks

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/logictools.rst

Demonstrates the file path to access Logictools Notebooks on a PYNQ-Z1 board. These notebooks provide further examples and practical usage of the Logictools functionalities.

```console
<Jupyter Home>/logictools/
```

--------------------------------

### PYNQ CLI: Get Notebooks with Specific Device

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_cli.rst

Demonstrates how to manually specify the target device for overlay lookup when downloading notebooks using the '--device' option.

```bash
pynq get-notebooks --device DEVICE
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Grove ADC with Pmod Adapter

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z2/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_grove_adc.ipynb

Initializes the Grove ADC using the Pmod to Grove adapter. Requires the 'base' overlay and specifies the PMOD port and group. Outputs voltage readings.

```python
from pynq.overlays.base import BaseOverlay
base = BaseOverlay("base.bit")
```

```python
from pynq.lib.pmod import Grove_ADC
from pynq.lib.pmod import PMOD_GROVE_G4 

grove_adc = Grove_ADC(base.PMODA,PMOD_GROVE_G4)
print("{} V".format(round(grove_adc.read(),4)))
```

--------------------------------

### Allocate NumPy Buffer with PYNQ

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/getting_started/python_environment.ipynb

This Python code demonstrates how to allocate a memory buffer using PYNQ's `allocate` function, which is compatible with NumPy arrays. This buffer can be shared between the ARM processor and programmable logic. It requires an overlay to be loaded to allocate memory. The example shows how to get the buffer, check its type, and retrieve its physical address for use in programmable logic.

```python
import numpy as np
import pynq

def get_pynq_buffer(shape, dtype):
    """ Simple function to call PYNQ's memory allocator with numpy attributes"""
    
    try:
        return pynq.allocate(shape, dtype)
    except RuntimeError:
        print('Load an overlay to allocate memory')
        return
```

```python
buffer = get_pynq_buffer(shape=(4,4), dtype=np.uint32)
buffer
```

```python
isinstance(buffer, np.ndarray)
```

```python
try:
    pl_buffer_address = hex(buffer.physical_address)
    pl_buffer_address
except AttributeError:
    print('Load an overlay to allocate memory')
```

--------------------------------

### PYNQ CLI: Get All Notebooks Without Confirmation

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_cli.rst

Demonstrates how to automatically download all available notebooks without user confirmation by passing the 'all' keyword.

```bash
pynq get-notebooks all
```

--------------------------------

### Defining a Custom Overlay Class in Python

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/overlay_tutorial.ipynb

Provides an example of creating a custom overlay class `TestOverlay` that inherits from `pynq.Overlay`. It includes an `__init__` method to call the parent constructor and a custom `multiply` method.

```python
class TestOverlay(Overlay):
    def __init__(self, bitfile, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(bitfile, **kwargs)
    
    def multiply(self, stream, constant):
        return self.const_multiply.stream_multiply(stream, constant)
```

--------------------------------

### Loading and Inspecting PYNQ Overlay (Python)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/overlay_tutorial.ipynb

This Python code demonstrates how to load a PYNQ overlay from a .bit file and inspect its contents. The Overlay class is instantiated with the path to the bitstream file, automatically downloading it. The '?' operator is then used to query the overlay for information about the IP cores it contains.

```python
from pynq import Overlay

overlay = Overlay('/home/xilinx/tutorial_1.bit')
overlay?
```

--------------------------------

### Import Base Overlay and Get GPIO Drivers - Python

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/ZCU104/base/notebooks/board/register_map_intro.ipynb

Imports the `BaseOverlay` from PYNQ and instantiates it with a bitstream. It then retrieves the drivers for the GPIO buttons and LEDs. This is a prerequisite for interacting with the register map of these peripherals.

```python
from pynq.overlays.base import BaseOverlay

base = BaseOverlay('base.bit')

btns = base.gpio_btns
leds = base.gpio_leds
```

--------------------------------

### Modify Notebook for PYNQ.remote Environment Variable

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_remote/quickstart.rst

Updates a Python notebook cell to include the PYNQ_REMOTE_DEVICES environment variable. This is necessary for PYNQ.remote to identify and connect to the target device, requiring the board's IP address.

```python
import os
os.environ['PYNQ_REMOTE_DEVICES'] = "192.168.2.99"  # Replace with your board's IP
from pynq import allocate, Overlay
```

--------------------------------

### Python asyncio Event Loop Setup

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/interrupt.rst

This snippet demonstrates how to get the current asyncio event loop, which is essential for scheduling and running coroutines in PYNQ. Dependencies: asyncio library. Input: None. Output: asyncio event loop object.

```Python
import asyncio
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Instantiate and Use AxiGPIO

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/axigpio.rst

Demonstrates how to load an overlay and instantiate the AxiGPIO class for controlling LEDs and switches. It shows basic read and write operations on GPIO channels.

```Python
from pynq import Overlay
from pynq.lib import AxiGPIO
ol = Overlay("base.bit")

led_ip = ol.ip_dict['leds_gpio']
switches_ip = ol.ip_dict['switches_gpio']
leds = AxiGPIO(led_ip).channel1
switches = AxiGPIO(switches_ip).channel1

mask = 0xffffffff
leds.write(0xf, mask)
switches.read()
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize PmodTMP2 Sensor

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_tmp2.ipynb

Initializes the PmodTMP2 sensor attached to a specific port on the PYNQ board. This requires the base overlay to be loaded first. The sensor is then ready to read temperature values.

```python
from pynq.overlays.base import BaseOverlay
base = BaseOverlay("base.bit")
from pynq.lib import Pmod_TMP2

mytmp = Pmod_TMP2(base.PMODB)
temperature = mytmp.read()

print(str(temperature) + " C")
```

--------------------------------

### Get Log Data from Multiple Devices in PYNQ

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/arduino/arduino_analog.ipynb

This snippet retrieves logged data from multiple concurrently monitored Arduino analog devices. The returned log is a nested list, with each inner list corresponding to the samples from one device/channel.

```python
log2 = analog2.get_log()
```

--------------------------------

### Modify Notebook for RemoteBuffer Image Display

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_remote/quickstart.rst

Adjusts a Python notebook cell to correctly display images from PYNQ.remote's RemoteBuffer. Appending '[:]' to the output buffer ensures compatibility with the PIL Image library, addressing differences from PynqBuffer.

```python
run_kernel()
resized_image = Image.fromarray(out_buffer[:])
```

--------------------------------

### Load, Set Volume, and Play Audio on PYNQ-Z2

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/pynq_libraries/audio.rst

This snippet shows how to load a WAV audio file, set the playback volume, and play the audio using the audio instance on a PYNQ-Z2 board. The base overlay must be loaded prior to execution.

```Python
from pynq.overlays.base import BaseOverlay
base = BaseOverlay("base.bit")
pAudio = base.audio
pAudio.set_volume(20)
pAudio.load("/home/xilinx/jupyter_notebooks/base/audio/data/recording_0.wav")

pAudio.play()
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Waveform and Display Pattern (Python)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/logictools/notebooks/wavedrom_tutorial.ipynb

This snippet initializes the LogicToolsOverlay, defines a waveform pattern in WaveJSON format, creates a Waveform object, and displays it. It requires the `pynq.lib.logictools.Waveform` and `pynq.overlays.logictools.LogicToolsOverlay` classes. The input is a dictionary defining signal stimuli and analysis, and the output is an HTML object representing the waveform.

```python
from pynq.lib.logictools import Waveform
from pynq.overlays.logictools import LogicToolsOverlay

logictools_olay = LogicToolsOverlay('logictools.bit')

loopback_test = {'signal': [
    ['stimulus',
     {'name': 'output0', 'pin': 'D0', 'wave': 'lh' * 8},
     {'name': 'output1', 'pin': 'D1', 'wave': 'l.h.' * 4},
     {'name': 'output2', 'pin': 'D2', 'wave': 'l...h...' * 2}],
    {},
    ['analysis',
     {'name': 'input0', 'pin': 'D0'},
     {'name': 'input1', 'pin': 'D1'},
     {'name': 'input2', 'pin': 'D2'}]],

    'foot': {'tock': 1},
    'head': {'text': 'loopback_test'}}

waveform = Waveform(loopback_test)
waveform.display()
```

--------------------------------

### Instantiating and Using a Custom Overlay

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/docs/source/overlay_design_methodology/overlay_tutorial.ipynb

Demonstrates how to instantiate the custom `TestOverlay` class with a specific bitstream file and then use its custom `multiply` method with input data and a constant.

```python
overlay = TestOverlay('/home/xilinx/tutorial_2.bit')
overlay.multiply([2,3,4,5,6], 4)
```

--------------------------------

### Run Pattern Generator and Trace Signals (Python)

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/logictools/notebooks/wavedrom_tutorial.ipynb

This code snippet configures and runs the pattern generator to trace signals. It first accesses the pattern generator from the loaded overlay, then traces analyzer samples, sets up the pattern using the WaveJSON dictionary, runs the pattern, and finally displays the waveform. This relies on the `pattern_generator` attribute of the `LogicToolsOverlay` object. The primary input is the `loopback_test` dictionary and configuration parameters for tracing and setup. The output is an HTML object.

```python
pattern_generator = logictools_olay.pattern_generator

pattern_generator.trace(num_analyzer_samples=16)
pattern_generator.setup(loopback_test,
                        stimulus_group_name='stimulus',
                        analysis_group_name='analysis')

pattern_generator.run()
pattern_generator.show_waveform()
```

--------------------------------

### Import Pmod Libraries and Base Overlay

Source: https://github.com/xilinx/pynq/blob/master/boards/Pynq-Z1/base/notebooks/pmod/pmod_dac_adc.ipynb

Imports necessary libraries for Pmod DAC and ADC, along with the BaseOverlay for ZYNQ PL programming. These are essential for interacting with the hardware peripherals.

```python
from pynq.overlays.base import BaseOverlay
from pynq.lib import Pmod_ADC, Pmod_DAC
```