NixOS Wiki

https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/
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### Install TeX Live basic setup

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Tex

Installs the basic TeX Live distribution using nix-env.

```bash
$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.texliveBasic

```

--------------------------------

### Install and configure SDDM themes

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/SDDM

Example of installing and setting a theme in /etc/nixos/configuration.nix.

```nix
{ pkgs, ... }:
{
  services.displayManager.sddm = {
    enable = true;
    theme = "catppuccin-mocha-mauve";
  };

  environment.systemPackages = [ 
    (pkgs.catppuccin-sddm.override {
      flavor = "mocha";
      accent = "mauve";
    })
  ];
}
```

--------------------------------

### Enter chroot environment

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Installing_from_Linux

Start the installation process using chroot.

```bash
# chroot . /$INIT
```

--------------------------------

### Enter root shell

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Install_NixOS_on_Liteserver

Start the installation process by switching to the root user.

```bash
sudo -i
```

--------------------------------

### Example Directory Setup

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Knot

Recommended directory structure for Knot DNS configuration files under /etc/nixos/.

```text
/etc/nixos/
├─ zones/
│  ├─ example.com.zone
├─ configuration.nix
```

--------------------------------

### Example configuration.nix for ZFS

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Install_NixOS_on_a_Server_With_a_Different_Filesystem

Sample configuration file for a ZFS-based NixOS installation.

```nix
{ config, pkgs, ... }:

{
  imports =
    [
      ./hardware-configuration.nix
    ];

  boot.loader.grub.enable = true;
  boot.loader.grub.version = 2;

  boot.kernelParams = [ "net.ifnames=0" ];

  boot.zfs.devNodes = "/dev";
  boot.loader.grub.device = "/dev/vda";

  networking = {
    hostName = "foobar";
    hostId = "12345678";
    defaultGateway = "x.x.x.x";
    nameservers = [ "8.8.8.8" ];
    interfaces.eth0 = {
      ipAddress = "y.y.y.y";
      prefixLength = z;
    };
  };

  services.openssh.enable = true;

  users.users.root.openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [
    "ssh-rsa ..."
  ];

  system.stateVersion = "18.03"; # Did you read the comment?
}
```

--------------------------------

### Install manual setup dependencies

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Yubikey_based_Full_Disk_Encryption_%28FDE%29_on_NixOS

Install the necessary tools for manual YubiKey FDE configuration.

```bash
$ nix-shell -p gcc yubikey-personalization openssl
```

--------------------------------

### Apply NixOS configuration

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Mailman

Run this command to install and start the configured services.

```bash
[root@mailman:~]# **nixos-rebuild switch**
```

--------------------------------

### Nix contributing guide commands

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Shell.nix

Commands from the contributing guide for Nix: start a shell with nix-shell, then build Nix with bootstrap.sh, configure, and make.

```bash
To build all dependencies and start a shell in which all environment
variables are set up so that those dependencies can be found:

```console
$ nix-shell
```

To build Nix itself in this shell:

```console
[nix-shell]$ ./bootstrap.sh
[nix-shell]$ ./configure $configureFlags --prefix=$(pwd)/outputs/out
[nix-shell]$ make -j $NIX_BUILD_CORES
```

```

--------------------------------

### Enter environment using pivot_root

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Installing_from_Linux

Start the installation process using pivot_root as an alternative to chroot.

```bash
# mkdir old_root
# mount --make-rprivate /
# pivot_root . old_root
# $INIT
```

--------------------------------

### Install nix-setup-systemd via APT

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Nix_Installation_Guide

Installs the multi-user Nix setup package on Debian-based systems.

```bash
$ sudo apt install nix-setup-systemd
```

--------------------------------

### Define systems using lib.systems.examples

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Cross_Compiling

Use predefined system examples from the Nixpkgs library to configure crossSystem.

```nix
let
  lib = import <nixpkgs/lib>;
  pkgs = import <nixpkgs> {
    #localSystem = ...;
    crossSystem = lib.systems.examples.aarch64-multiplatform;
  };
in pkgs.hello
```

--------------------------------

### Installing Custom Plymouth Themes

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Plymouth

Example of installing a specific theme from the adi1090x collection using themePackages.

```nix
{ pkgs, ... }: {
  boot = {
    plymouth = {
      enable = true;
      theme = "rings";
      themePackages = with pkgs; [
        # By default we would install all themes
        (adi1090x-plymouth-themes.override {
          selected_themes = [ "rings" ];
        })
      ];
    };

    # Enable "Silent boot"
    consoleLogLevel = 3;
    initrd.verbose = false;
    kernelParams = [
      "quiet"
      "rd.udev.log_level=3"
      "rd.systemd.show_status=auto"
    ];

    # Hide the OS choice for bootloaders.
    # It's still possible to open the bootloader list by pressing any key
    # It will just not appear on screen unless a key is pressed
    loader.timeout = 0;
  };
}
```

--------------------------------

### Disable Invoiceplane setup wizard in /etc/nixos/configuration.nix

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Invoiceplane

Recommended settings to disable the setup wizard after the initial installation is complete.

```nix
services.invoiceplane.sites."localhost".settings = {
  DISABLE_SETUP=true;
  SETUP_COMPLETED=true;
};
```

--------------------------------

### Install Nix and prepare for NixOS installation

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Install_NixOS_on_Kimsufi

Sets up the necessary users, disables sandboxing for the rescue environment, installs Nix, and prepares the configuration files.

```bash
# Create a user for the install process
useradd -m setupuser

# Create a user for the Nix daemon
groupadd -g 30000 nixbld
useradd -u 30000 -g nixbld -G nixbld nixbld

# Set this to something you will remember, you'll need it in a moment
passwd setupuser 

# Give sudo rights to your user
echo "setupuser    ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >/etc/sudoers.d/setupuser
su setupuser -s /bin/bash -l

# Disable sandboxing as it doesn't work in tmpfs mounted systems
# see: https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/5934
sudo mkdir -p /etc/nix/
echo "sandbox = false" | sudo tee -a /etc/nix/nix.conf

 # Install Nix
curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh

# This next line makes the Nix tools available in our shell
source $HOME/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh

# The default channel is `nixpkgs-unstable`, let's switch to a stable NixOS channel
nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-22.11 nixpkgs
nix-channel --update

nix-shell -p nixos-install-tools
sudo `which nixos-generate-config` --root /mnt
```

--------------------------------

### Quickly create and run VMs with Quickemu

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Qemu

Uses quickget and quickemu to download and run a Windows 11 VM with two commands.

```bash
$ quickget windows 11
$ quickemu --vm windows-11.conf
```

--------------------------------

### Install multiple GCC versions with nix-env

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/User_Environment

Example of installing multiple versions of the same package, which may result in a user environment conflict.

```bash
nix-env -i gcc-3.3.6 gcc-4.1.1
```

--------------------------------

### Example nix.conf configuration

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/User_Environment

Example of a Nix configuration file with name-value pairs and comments.

```text
keep-outputs = true       # Nice for developers  
 keep-derivations = true   # Idem  
 You can override settings on the command line using the --option flag, e.g. --option keep-outputs false.
```

--------------------------------

### Modify release.nix for ARMv7 installer

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Nix_on_ARM

An example of a release.nix configuration used to build an ARMv7 installer. Note that this approach is documented as outdated.

```nix
{ nix ? builtins.fetchGit ./.\n, nixpkgs ? <nixpkgs> #builtins.fetchGit { url = https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs.git; ref = "nixos-18.03"; }\n, officialRelease ? false\n, systems ? [ "armv7l-linux" ]\n}:\n\nlet\n\n  pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = builtins.currentSystem or "x86_64-linux"; };\n\n  jobs = rec {\n\n\n    tarball =\n      with pkgs;\n\n      with import ./release-common.nix { inherit pkgs; };\n\n      releaseTools.sourceTarball {\n        name = "nix-tarball";\n        version = builtins.readFile ./.version;\n        versionSuffix = if officialRelease then "" else "pre${toString nix.revCount}_${nix.shortRev}";\n        src = nix;\n        inherit officialRelease;\n\n        buildInputs = tarballDeps ++ buildDeps ++ propagatedDeps;\n\n        configureFlags = "--enable-gc";\n\n        postUnpack = ''\n          (cd source && find . -type f) | cut -c3- > source/.dist-files\n          cat source/.dist-files\n        '';\n\n        preConfigure = ''\n          (cd perl ; autoreconf --install --force --verbose)\n          # TeX needs a writable font cache.\n          export VARTEXFONTS=$TMPDIR/texfonts\n        '';\n\n        distPhase =\n          ''\n            runHook preDist\n            make dist\n            mkdir -p $out/tarballs\n            cp *.tar.* $out/tarballs\n          '';\n\n        preDist = ''\n          make install docdir=$out/share/doc/nix makefiles=doc/manual/local.mk\n          echo "doc manual $out/share/doc/nix/manual" >> $out/nix-support/hydra-build-products\n        '';\n      };\n\n\n    build = pkgs.lib.genAttrs systems (system:\n\n      let pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit system; }; in\n\n      with pkgs;\n\n      with import ./release-common.nix { inherit pkgs; };\n\n      releaseTools.nixBuild {\n        name = "nix";\n        src = tarball;\n\n        buildInputs = buildDeps;\n        propagatedBuildInputs = propagatedDeps;\n\n        configureFlags = configureFlags ++\n          [ "--sysconfdir=/etc" ];\n\n        enableParallelBuilding = true;\n\n        makeFlags = "profiledir=$(out)/etc/profile.d";\n\n        preBuild = "unset NIX_INDENT_MAKE";\n\n        installFlags = "sysconfdir=$(out)/etc";\n\n        doInstallCheck = true;\n        installCheckFlags = "sysconfdir=$(out)/etc";\n      });\n\n\n    perlBindings = pkgs.lib.genAttrs systems (system:\n\n      let pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit system; }; in with pkgs;\n\n      releaseTools.nixBuild {\n        name = "nix-perl";\n        src = tarball;\n\n        buildInputs =\n          [ jobs.build.${system} curl bzip2 xz pkg-config pkgs.perl boost ]\n          ++ lib.optional (stdenv.isLinux || stdenv.isDarwin) libsodium;\n\n        configureFlags = ''\n          --with-dbi=${perlPackages.DBI}/${pkgs.perl.libPrefix}\n          --with-dbd-sqlite=${perlPackages.DBDSQLite}/${pkgs.perl.libPrefix}\n        '';\n\n        enableParallelBuilding = true;\n\n        postUnpack = "sourceRoot=$sourceRoot/perl";\n\n        preBuild = "unset NIX_INDENT_MAKE";\n      });\n\n\n    binaryTarball = pkgs.lib.genAttrs systems (system:\n\n      with import nixpkgs { inherit system; };\n\n      let\n        toplevel = builtins.getAttr system jobs.build;\n        version = toplevel.src.version;\n        installerClosureInfo = closureInfo { rootPaths = [ toplevel cacert ]; };\n      in\n\n      runCommand "nix-binary-tarball-${version}"\n        { nativeBuildInputs = lib.optional (system != "armv7l-linux") shellcheck;\n          meta.description = "Distribution-independent Nix bootstrap binaries for ${system}";\n        }\n        ''\n          cp ${installerClosureInfo}/registration $TMPDIR/reginfo\n          substitute ${./scripts/install-nix-from-closure.sh} $TMPDIR/install \n            --subst-var-by nix ${toplevel} \n            --subst-var-by cacert ${cacert}
```

--------------------------------

### Bypass setup wizard

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Waydroid

Commands to manually start the home activity and disable the setup wizard if the graphical interface fails to load.

```bash
waydroid shell -- am start -a android.intent.action.MAIN -c android.intent.category.HOME  
waydroid shell -- pm disable-user --user 0 com.google.android.setupwizard
waydroid shell -- pm disable-user --user 0 com.google.android.gms.setup
```

--------------------------------

### Create ckb-next.desktop autostart file

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Ckb-Next

Create this file at ~/.config/autostart/ckb-next.desktop to launch the ckb-next interface in the background on startup. Replace <Location of ckb-next executable> with the actual path to the binary.

```ini
[Desktop Entry]
Categories=Settings;System;
Comment[en_US]=Corsair keyboard driver user interface
Comment=Corsair keyboard driver user interface
Exec=<Location of ckb-next executable> -b
GenericName[en_US]=
GenericName=
Icon=ckb-next
Keywords=ckb;corsair;keyboard;rgb;
MimeType=
Name[en_US]=ckb-next
Name=ckb-next
Path=
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=false
TerminalOptions=
TryExec=<Location of ckb-next executable>
Type=Application
Version=1.0
X-KDE-SubstituteUID=false
X-KDE-Username=
```

--------------------------------

### Example output of ip route get

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/WireGuard

Expected output from the ip route get command. The interface name after 'dev' is the active network interface.

```text
9.9.9.9 via 192.168.1.1 dev enp2s0 src 192.168.1.35 uid 0

```

--------------------------------

### Launch Battle.net installer with standalone Wine

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Battle.net

Create a 64-bit Wine prefix and execute the Battle.net installer.

```bash
export WINEARCH=win64
export WINEPREFIX=$HOME/.wine-battlenet
wine64 Battle.net-Setup.exe
```

--------------------------------

### Start polkit-kde-agent in ~/.dwm/autostart.sh

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Polkit

Uses a dynamic path lookup in the Nix store to execute the polkit-kde-agent authentication agent.

```shell
#!/bin/sh
...
/nix/store/$(ls -la /nix/store | grep 'polkit-kde-agent' | grep '^d' | awk '{print $9}')/libexec/polkit-kde-authentication-agent-1 & 
...
```

--------------------------------

### Install TeX Live for Emacs Orgmode

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/TexLive

Example configuration for installing a minimal TeX Live set with specific packages required for Emacs Orgmode export.

```nix
{ config, pkgs, ... }:
let
  tex = (pkgs.texliveBasic.withPackages (
    ps: with ps; [
      dvisvgm dvipng # for preview and export as html
      wrapfig amsmath ulem hyperref capt-of
      #(setq org-latex-compiler "lualatex")
      #(setq org-preview-latex-default-process 'dvisvgm)
  ]));
in
{ # home-manager
  home.packages = with pkgs; [
    tex
  ];
}
```

--------------------------------

### Prepare ISO and extract Nix store

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Installing_from_Linux

Create directories for the mountpoint and host system, download the ISO, mount it, and extract the squashfs filesystem.

```bash
# cd ~
# mkdir -p inst host/nix
# wget https://channels.nixos.org/nixos-21.11/latest-nixos-minimal-x86_64-linux.iso
# modprobe loop
# mount -o loop latest-nixos-minimal-x86_64-linux.iso inst
# unsquashfs -d host/nix/store inst/nix-store.squashfs '*'
```

--------------------------------

### Start a shell with nix-user-chroot

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Nix_Installation_Guide

Enter the environment where Nix and installed programs are available.

```bash
$ nix-user-chroot ~/.nix bash
```

--------------------------------

### Install a service on Ubuntu

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Ubuntu_vs._NixOS

Install a service package using apt.

```bash
$ sudo apt install openssh-server
```

--------------------------------

### Launch Polybar with custom configuration

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Polybar

Copy the example configuration from the Nix store to your local config directory and launch Polybar using the specified configuration file.

```bash
polybar -c ~/.config/polybar/config.ini example
```

--------------------------------

### Example NixOS system configuration file

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/NixOS_system_configuration

A sample /etc/nixos/configuration.nix file demonstrating imports, hostname, timezone, keyboard layout, user account definition, package installation, and service enablement.

```nix
{ config, pkgs, ... }: 

{
    # Import other configuration modules
    # (hardware-configuration.nix is autogenerated upon installation)
    # paths in nix expressions are always relative the file which defines them
    imports = [
        ./hardware-configuration.nix
        ./my-dev-tools.nix
        ./my-desktop-env.nix
        ./etc.nix
    ];

    # Name your host machine
    networking.hostName = "mymachine"; 

    # Set your time zone.
    time.timeZone = "Europe/Utrecht";

    # Enter keyboard layout
    services.xserver.layout = "us";
    services.xserver.xkbVariant = "altgr-intl";

    # Define user accounts
    users.users.myuser = {
      extraGroups = [ "wheel" "networkmanager" ];
      isNormalUser = true;
    };
    
    # Install some packages
    environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
      ddate
      testdisk
    ]; 
 
    # Enable the OpenSSH daemon
    services.openssh.enable = true;
    
}
```

--------------------------------

### Start nix-shell with pkg-config and sqlite

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Rust

Starts a nix-shell providing pkg-config and sqlite, required to build crates like libsqlite3-sys, for example when compiling diesel-cli with SQLite support.

```shell
$ nix-shell -p pkg-config sqlite

```

--------------------------------

### Compile and install package from source

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Ubuntu_vs._NixOS

Clones a repository, creates a default.nix override, and builds the package.

```bash
$ git clone foobar
$ cat > default.nix <<EOF
with import <nixpkgs> { };
lib.overrideDerivation foobar (oldAttrs : {
src = ./foobar;
})
EOF
$ nix-build
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Chromium with native policies and extensions

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Chromium/en

Example configuration for enabling Chromium, setting a homepage, installing extensions, and forcing web app installation via extraOpts.

```nix
  programs.chromium = {
    enable = true;
    homepageLocation = "https://www.startpage.com/";
    extensions = [
      "eimadpbcbfnmbkopoojfekhnkhdbieeh;https://clients2.google.com/service/update2/crx" # dark reader
      "aapbdbdomjkkjkaonfhkkikfgjllcleb;https://clients2.google.com/service/update2/crx" # google translate
    ];
    extraOpts = {
      "WebAppInstallForceList" = [
        {
          "custom_name" = "Youtube";
          "create_desktop_shortcut" = false;
          "default_launch_container" = "window";
          "url" = "https://youtube.com";
        }
      ];
    };
  };
```

--------------------------------

### Example modified .desktop file for Valheim

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Steam/en

A sample .desktop file configuration showing the StartupWMClass key for a native game.

```ini
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Valheim
Comment=Play this game on Steam
Exec=steam steam://rungameid/892970
Icon=steam_icon_892970
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Game;
StartupWMClass=valheim.x86_64

```

--------------------------------

### Bootstrap NixOS via kexec

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Install_NixOS_on_Hetzner_Online

Installs Nix, sets up the environment, and generates a kexec bundle to switch the running system into a temporary NixOS instance.

```bash
# The installer needs sudo
apt install -y sudo

# Let root run the nix installer
mkdir -p /etc/nix
echo "build-users-group =" > /etc/nix/nix.conf

# Install Nix in single-user mode
curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
. $HOME/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh

# Install nixos-generators
# This might take a while, so the verbose flag `-v` is included to monitor progress
nix-env -f https://github.com/nix-community/nixos-generators/archive/1.7.0.tar.gz -i -v

# Create a initial config, just to kexec into
cat <<EOF > /root/config.nix
{
  services.openssh.enable = true;
  users.users.root.openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [
    # Replace with your public key
    "ssh-rsa AAAA..."
  ];
}
EOF

# Generate the kexec script
nixos-generate -o /root/result  -f kexec-bundle -c /root/config.nix

# Switch to the new system
/root/result
```

--------------------------------

### LazyVim setup to load Nix-installed plugins

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Neovim/uk

Add this to your LazyVim setup to allow loading plugins installed via Nix, as LazyVim by default prevents loading plugins not managed by it.

```lua
require("lazy").setup(lazyPackages, {
   performance = {
     reset_packpath = false, -- so that plugins outside of lazy can be loaded
   },
 })
 vim.cmd("packloadall") -- load plugins outside of lazy
```

--------------------------------

### Start mate-polkit in ~/.dwm/autostart.sh

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Polkit

Uses a dynamic path lookup in the Nix store to execute the mate-polkit authentication agent, ensuring compatibility across package updates.

```shell
#!/bin/sh
# General stuff
...
/nix/store/$(ls -la /nix/store | grep 'mate-polkit' | grep '4096' | awk '{print $9}' | sed -n '$p')/libexec/polkit-mate-authentication-agent-1 & 
...
```

--------------------------------

### LXC startup error logs

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Talk%3AProxmox_Linux_Container

Example of error output when a container fails to start.

```text
run_buffer: 316 Script exited with status 1
lxc_init: 816 Failed to run lxc.hook.pre-start for container "1000"
__lxc_start: 2007 Failed to initialize container "1000"
TASK ERROR: startup for container '1000' failed
```

--------------------------------

### Run the companion VM

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/IOS_Emulation

Starts the companion VM with QEMU, configuring USB redirection to allow communication with the iOS emulator.

```bash
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2024 -nic user -hda ./result/nixos.qcow2 -nographic -usb -device usb-ehci,id=ehci -device usb-tcp-remote,conn-type=ipv4,conn-addr=127.0.0.1,conn-port=8030,bus=ehci.0 -nic user,model=virtio-net-pci,hostfwd=tcp::32222-:22
```

--------------------------------

### Repartition disk for ZFS

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Install_NixOS_on_a_Server_With_a_Different_Filesystem

Example partition layout for a ZFS installation using fdisk.

```text
/dev/vda1 1M BIOS boot partition (BIOS boot)
/dev/vda2 200M boot partition (EFI System)
/dev/vda3 2GB swap partition (Linux swap)
/dev/vda4 rest, zfs partition (Linux Filesystem)
```

--------------------------------

### Install unstable packages in systemPackages

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/FAQ/Pinning_Nixpkgs

Example of referencing unstable packages within environment.systemPackages.

```nix
environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
  unstable.bind
  unstable.dnsutils
  vim
];
```

--------------------------------

### Start a Xen domain using xl create

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Xen_Project_Hypervisor

Command to start a domain using the specified configuration file with console attachment and foreground mode.

```bash
# xl create /path/to/example-hvm.cfg -Fc
```

--------------------------------

### Install and reboot

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Install_NixOS_on_a_Server_With_a_Different_Filesystem

Execute the installation and reboot the system.

```bash
nixos-install
reboot
```

--------------------------------

### Modify NixOS container configuration

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Talk%3AProxmox_Linux_Container

Example of disabling the OpenSSH service and installing the ddate package.

```nix
{

  imports = [ <nixpkgs/nixos/modules/virtualisation/lxc-container.nix> ];
```

```nix
services.openssh.enable = false;
```

```nix
  environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [ 
    ddate
  ];  
```

```nix
}
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize ADB environment and list devices

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Android

Commands to open a nix-shell with platform tools and verify device connection status.

```bash
$ # For nixos < 19.03
$ # nix-shell -p androidenv.platformTools
$ # for nixos <= 24.05
$ nix-shell -p androidenv.androidPkgs_9_0.platform-tools
$ # For nixos >= 24.11
$ nix-shell -p androidenv.androidPkgs.platform-tools
% adb devices
List of devices attached
* daemon not running; starting now at tcp:5037
* daemon started successfully
BH90272JCU	unauthorized
```

--------------------------------

### Install rEFInd text-mode to ESP

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/REFInd

Minimal text-mode installation that replaces the default bootloader. Assumes the ESP is mounted at /boot/. Uses nix-build to get the refind package and copies refind_x64.efi to /boot/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi.

```bash
$ sudo mkdir -p /boot/EFI/boot/
$ sudo cp "$(nix-build '<nixpkgs>' --no-out-link -A 'refind')/share/refind/refind_x64.efi" /boot/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi

```

--------------------------------

### Install nix-darwin

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Nix-darwin

Build and run the darwin-installer to set up nix-darwin.

```bash
% installer=$(nix-build https://github.com/LnL7/nix-darwin/archive/master.tar.gz -A installer --no-out-link)
% echo N | sudo -i -H -u $NIX_USER -- "$installer/bin/darwin-installer"

```

--------------------------------

### Troubleshoot User Namespace Error

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Nix_Installation_Guide

Example of the error message encountered when user namespaces are disabled during installation.

```text
installing 'nix-2.2.2'
error: cloning builder process: Invalid argument
error: unable to start build process
```

--------------------------------

### Apply configuration and start container

Source: https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Tor_Browser_in_a_Container

Commands to rebuild the system configuration and start the browser container.

```bash
nixos-rebuild switch

nixos-container start browser # switch "start" with "root-login" for root
```
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