### Install PostgreSQL SDK

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1257453

Commands to install or upgrade the SDK for specific or all users.

```bash
python setup.py install --<username>
```

```bash
sudo python setup.py install
```

```bash
pip install --upgrade volcengine
```

--------------------------------

### CreateDBInstance Request Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1159933?lang=zh

An example of the HTTP POST request structure for creating a new database instance.

```json
POST /?Action=CreateDBInstance&Version=2022-01-01 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: rds-postgresql.cn-beijing.volcengineapi.com
X-Date: 20231002T101010Z
```

--------------------------------

### Example Command Line Connection to PostgreSQL

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/79237?lang=zh

An example of the psql command with specific connection details for a PostgreSQL instance.

```bash
psql -h postgresbcc087e73689****.rds-pg.ivolces.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d db01
```

--------------------------------

### Create hypopg Extension

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/2222195?lang=zh

Use this SQL command to install the hypopg plugin. Verify the installation by querying the pg_extension view.

```sql
--创建
create extension hypopg;
--查看是否创建成功
SELECT * FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'hypopg';
```

--------------------------------

### Install Node.js

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1130800?lang=zh

Install Node.js on a Debian-based system using the NodeSource repository.

```shell
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg
sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource-repo.gpg.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg
NODE_MAJOR=16
echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg] https://deb.nodesource.com/node_$NODE_MAJOR.x nodistro main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs -y
```

--------------------------------

### Install pg_stat_kcache Plugin

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1126563?lang=zh

Commands to install the required extensions for tracking statistics.

```APIDOC
## SQL CREATE EXTENSION

### Description
Installs the necessary extensions to enable file system read/write statistics tracking.

### Method
SQL

### Request Example
```sql
CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;
CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_kcache;
```
```

--------------------------------

### Example POST Request to DescribeDBInstances

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1159935?lang=zh

This is an example of a POST request to the DescribeDBInstances API. Ensure the 'Host' and 'Authorization' headers are correctly formatted.

```http
POST /?Action=DescribeDBInstances&Version=2022-01-01 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: rds-postgresql.cn-beijing.volcengineapi.com
X-Date: 20231002T101010Z
Authorization: HMAC-SHA256 Credential=AKLTN2I0MmFiNzMxNWE5NDgzMzk4MmVjMTVkODlkZTZ****/20211202/cn-beijing/rds_postgresql/request,SignedHeaders=x-date, Signature=71d31fc7bcf990142851c9833c5656391486cda0ae2e0b8ada733b7c6458****
{
"PageSize": 10,
"PageNumber": 1,
"ChargeType": "PostPaid",
"InstanceStatus": "Running",
"CreateTimeStart": "2024-07-24T09:05:36.000Z",
"TagFilters": [
{
"Key": "project",
"Value": "default"
}
]
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create Allow List Response Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1257390

This is an example of a successful response from the CreateAllowList API, returning the ID of the newly created whitelist.

```json
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RequestId": "2024042319123272910D61D1EA53CF50B2-0a580d",
"Action": "CreateAllowList",
"Version": "2022-01-01",
"Service": "rds_postgresql",
"Region": "cn-guangzhou"
},
"Result": {
"AllowListId": "acl-2b7d64502b0a4210a24c58e739de****"
}
}
```

--------------------------------

### DescribeBackups API Request Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1158713

This is an example of a POST request to the DescribeBackups API action. Ensure the Host, X-Date, and Authorization headers are correctly configured for your environment.

```json
POST /?Action=DescribeBackups&Version=2022-01-01 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: rds-postgresql.cn-beijing.volcengineapi.com
X-Date: 20231002T101010Z
Authorization: HMAC-SHA256 Credential=AKLTN2I0MmFiNzMxNWE5NDgzMzk4MmVjMTVkODlkZTZ****/20211202/cn-beijing/rds_postgresql/request,SignedHeaders=x-date, Signature=71d31fc7bcf990142851c9833c5656391486cda0ae2e0b8ada733b7c6458****
{
"InstanceId": "postgres-a3e7eb2f****"
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create Allow List Request Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1257390

This is an example of a POST request to create a whitelist using the CreateAllowList API. Ensure the Content-Type is application/json and include necessary headers like X-Date and Authorization.

```http
POST /?Action=CreateAllowList&Version=2022-01-01 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: rds-postgresql.cn-beijing.volcengineapi.com
X-Date: 20231002T101010Z
Authorization: HMAC-SHA256 Credential=AKLTN2I0MmFiNzMxNWE5NDgzMzk4MmVjMTVkODlkZTZ****/20211202/cn-beijing/rds_postgresql/request,SignedHeaders=x-date, Signature=71d31fc7bcf990142851c9833c5656391486cda0ae2e0b8ada733b7c6458****
{
"AllowListDesc": "这是一个测试白名单",
"AllowListName": "测试白名单",
"AllowList": "10.1.1.1,10.2.3.0/24",
"SecurityGroupIds": [
"sg-13fuw9bo2hlhc3n6nu4g****"
]
}
```

--------------------------------

### DescribeDBInstanceProxyParameters Response Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1491538

This is an example JSON response from the DescribeDBInstanceProxyParameters API, detailing the instance ID, database engine version, parameter count, and a list of proxy parameters with their configurations.

```json
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RequestId": "2025031919422828B3EE5B6F629AFF0F74-bb2104",
"Action": "DescribeDBInstanceProxyParameters",
"Version": "2022-01-01",
"Service": "rds_postgresql",
"Region": "cn-beijing"
},
"Result": {
"DBEngineVersion": "PostgreSQL_17",
"InstanceId": "postgres-f511b775****",
"ParameterCount": "1",
"Parameters": [
{
"CheckingCode": "[20-200]",
"DefaultValue": "200",
"Description": "After the endpoint opens the read-write split, the corresponding proxy connection number parameter.",
"DescriptionZH": "终端开了读写分离后，其所对应的代理的连接数参数。",
"ForceRestart": true,
"Name": "ReadWriteProxyConnection",
"Type": "integer",
"Value": "20"
}
]
}
}
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize PostgreSQL Client

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1257453

Setup the configuration with AK, SK, region, and host to instantiate the API client.

```python
import volcenginesdkcore
import volcenginesdkrdspostgresql as pg
from volcenginesdkcore.rest import ApiException
if __name__ == "__main__":
configuration = volcenginesdkcore.Configuration()
# 设置 AKSK 验证信息及 Region
configuration.ak = "Your AK"
configuration.sk = "Your SK"
configuration.region = "Your Region"
configuration.host = "Your Host"
try:
# 创建 PostgreSQL SDK 客户端，接口调用均需要通过此客户端执行
api_instance = pg.RDSPOSTGRESQLApi(volcenginesdkcore.ApiClient(configuration))
except ApiException as e:
print("Exception: %s\n" % e)
```

--------------------------------

### Install TypeScript Dependencies

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1130800?lang=zh

Install project dependencies and the tsx runner.

```shell
pnpm run setup
pnpm install tsx
```

--------------------------------

### Install pnpm

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1130800?lang=zh

Install the pnpm package manager on your Linux environment.

```shell
curl -fsSL https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | sh -
```

--------------------------------

### Create PostgreSQL Instance

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1257453

Example of creating a new database instance with specific engine version, node configuration, and storage settings.

```python
from pprint import pprint
import volcenginesdkcore
import volcenginesdkrdspostgresql as pg
from volcenginesdkcore.rest import ApiException
if __name__ == "__main__":
configuration = volcenginesdkcore.Configuration()
configuration.ak = "Your AK"
configuration.sk = "Your SK"
configuration.region = "Your Region"
configuration.host = "Your Host"
try:
api_instance = pg.RDSPOSTGRESQLApi(volcenginesdkcore.ApiClient(configuration))
resp = api_instance.create_db_instance(pg.CreateDBInstanceRequest(
db_engine_version="PostgreSQL_12",
node_info=[
pg.NodeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput(
zone_id="cn-beijing-a",
node_type="Primary",
node_spec="rds.postgres.1c2g",
node_operate_type="Create"
),
pg.NodeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput(
zone_id="cn-beijing-a",
node_type="Secondary",
node_spec="rds.postgres.1c2g",
node_operate_type="Create"
),
],
storage_type="LocalSSD",
storage_space=20,
vpc_id="vpc-2bzo8w6m87v282dx0eemg****",
subnet_id="subnet-2d6b6byrhtts058ozfenq****",
charge_info=pg.ChargeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput(charge_type="PostPaid"),
instance_name="testname",
))
pprint(resp)
except ApiException as e:
print("Exception: %s\n" % e)
```

--------------------------------

### 创建 Server 数据库连接

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1456338?lang=zh

在 'profile' 数据库中执行此命令，创建一个指向 'server' 数据库的连接。'create_server' 函数用于配置连接名、地址、端口、数据库名、用户名和密码。

```sql
profile=> SELECT create_server('server', 'host=$server数据库所在实例的连接地址 dbname=server port=$server数据库所在实例的端口号 user=$server数据库的高权限账号 password=$账号对应的密码');
```

--------------------------------

### CreateSchema API Request and Response Examples

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1158733?lang=zh

Examples of the HTTP request and JSON response for the CreateSchema operation.

```json
POST /?Action=CreateSchema&Version=2022-01-01 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: rds-postgresql.cn-beijing.volcengineapi.com
X-Date: 20231002T101010Z
Authorization: HMAC-SHA256 Credential=AKLTN2I0MmFiNzMxNWE5NDgzMzk4MmVjMTVkODlkZTZ****/20211202/cn-beijing/rds_postgresql/request,SignedHeaders=x-date, Signature=71d31fc7bcf990142851c9833c5656391486cda0ae2e0b8ada733b7c6458****
{
"InstanceId": "postgres-ca7b7019****",
"DBName": "testdb1",
"SchemaName": "testschema",
"Owner": "User01"
}
```

```json
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RequestId": "202308041039157B21482F51ABF9040FDC",
"Action": "CreateSchema",
"Version": "2022-01-01",
"Service": "rds_postgresql",
"Region": "cn-beijing"
},
"Result": null
}
```

--------------------------------

### 初始化 SysBench 测试数据

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/104932?lang=zh

使用 prepare 命令根据目标库大小初始化测试数据。

```bash
sysbench ./tests/include/oltp_legacy/oltp.lua \
--db-driver=pgsql \
--pgsql-db=sbtest \
--pgsql-user=<username> \
--pgsql-password=<password> \
--pgsql-port=5432 \
--pgsql-host=<host> \
--oltp-tables-count=64 \
--oltp-table-size=10000000 \
--time=180 \
--max-requests=0 \
--threads=20 \
--report-interval=5 \
--forced-shutdown=1 \
prepare
```

--------------------------------

### 创建全文索引

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1386382

为 'test' 表的 'introduce' 字段创建全文索引。该索引使用 GIN 类型，并结合了 'testzhcfg' 配置和 `upper()` 函数来提高搜索的准确性和效率。示例中包含了创建测试表、插入数据以及创建索引的 SQL 语句。

```sql
-- 创建测试表
CREATE TABLE test(introduce text);
INSERT INTO test VALUES ('使用RDS for PostgreSQL数据库，客户无需再关心底层硬件资源，降低使用成本，提高整体效率');
INSERT INTO test VALUES ('兼容多种开源的插件，用户自由化管理，不同的数据类型及索引类型支持多种应用场景');
INSERT INTO test VALUES ('按需开通，即开即用，灵活升降配置，与PostgreSQL原生接口一致，无需应用改造，全托管，免运维');
-- 创建索引
CREATE INDEX idx ON test USING gin (to_tsvector('testzhcfg',upper(introduce)));
```

--------------------------------

### 配置 PostgreSQL 客户端环境变量

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/907280?lang=zh

配置 pg_repack 客户端所需的环境变量，包括 PG_HOME、PG_CONFIG 以及相关的 include 和 library 路径。这些变量对于编译和运行 pg_repack 至关重要。

```bash
export PG_HOME=/usr/local/pgsql-12.13
export PG_CONFIG=${PG_HOME}/bin/pg_config
export PATH=${PG_HOME}/bin:${PATH}

export PG_INCLUDE_DIR=$(${PG_HOME}/bin/pg_config --includedir)
export PG_PKG_INCLUDE_DIR=$(${PG_HOME}/bin/pg_config --pkgincludedir)
export PG_SERVER_INCLUDE_DIR=$(${PG_HOME}/bin/pg_config --includedir-server)
export PG_LIB_DIR=$(${PG_HOME}/bin/pg_config --libdir)
export PG_PKG_LIB_DIR=$(${PG_HOME}/bin/pg_config --pkglibdir)

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${PG_LIB_DIR}:${PG_PKG_LIB_DIR}${LD_LIBRARY_PATH+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
export C_INCLUDE_PATH=${PG_INCLUDE_DIR}:${PG_PKG_INCLUDE_DIR}:${PG_SERVER_INCLUDE_DIR}${C_INCLUDE_PATH+:${C_INCLUDE_PATH}}
export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=${PG_INCLUDE_DIR}:${PG_PKG_INCLUDE_DIR}:${PG_SERVER_INCLUDE_DIR}${CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH+:${CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH}}
```

--------------------------------

### DeleteSlot API Response Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1323548

This is an example of a successful response from the DeleteSlot API, showing the ResponseMetadata and a null Result.

```json
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RequestId": "202407181609044F08B2D5162A85A75434-9bd837",
"Action": "DeleteSlot",
"Version": "2022-01-01",
"Service": "rds_postgresql",
"Region": "cn-beijing"
},
"Result": null
}
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Creating and Using HNSW Index

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1126562?lang=zh

Demonstrates creating an HNSW index with parallel workers and adjusting search accuracy by setting the `hnsw.ef_search` parameter.

```SQL
-- Create an HNSW index with parallel workers and specific construction parameters.
SET maintenance_work_mem = '1GB';
SET max_parallel_workers = 4;
SET max_parallel_maintenance_workers = 4;
DROP INDEX IF EXISTS tbl_vector_tc1_idx;
CREATE INDEX tbl_vector_tc1_idx ON tbl_vector USING hnsw (tc1 vector_l2_ops) WITH (m = 10, ef_construction = 20);

-- Example: Searching with HNSW index (Euclidean distance).
-- High recall scenario (higher ef_search):
DROP INDEX IF EXISTS tbl_vector_tc1_idx;
CREATE INDEX tbl_vector_tc1_idx ON tbl_vector USING hnsw (tc1 vector_l2_ops) WITH (m = 10, ef_construction = 20);
SET hnsw.ef_search = 100; -- Higher ef_search for potentially better recall.
SELECT * FROM tbl_vector ORDER BY tc1 <-> '[0.559782,0.194308,0.454407,0.0176121,0.442676]';

-- Low recall scenario (lower ef_search):
DROP INDEX IF EXISTS tbl_vector_tc1_idx;
CREATE INDEX tbl_vector_tc1_idx ON tbl_vector USING hnsw (tc1 vector_l2_ops) WITH (m = 5 , ef_construction = 10);
SET hnsw.ef_search = 10; -- Lower ef_search for potentially faster but less accurate results.
SELECT * FROM tbl_vector ORDER BY tc1 <-> '[0.559782,0.194308,0.454407,0.0176121,0.442676]';

-- Example: Searching with HNSW index (Cosine similarity).
-- High recall scenario:
-- (SQL for cosine similarity search with HNSW would follow a similar pattern to L2, adjusting the operator and potentially parameters.)
```

--------------------------------

### ModifyParameterTemplate API Response Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1585051?lang=zh

This is an example of a successful response from the ModifyParameterTemplate API. The 'Result' field is null upon successful modification.

```json
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RequestId": "20250507155747117C127A35D4369CA572-7113d4",
"Action": "ModifyParameterTemplate",
"Version": "2022-01-01",
"Service": "rds_postgresql",
"Region": "cn-beijing"
},
"Result": null
}
```

--------------------------------

### 创建 PostgreSQL 实例

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1257454?lang=zh

使用 CreateDBInstance 接口创建 PostgreSQL 实例。

```go
package rdspostgresql
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/volcengine/volcengine-go-sdk/service/rdspostgresql"
"testing"
"github.com/volcengine/volcengine-go-sdk/volcengine"
)
func TestRDSPostgreSQL_CreateDBInstanceCommon(t *testing.T) {
InitConfig()
resp, err := Client.CreateDBInstance(&rdspostgresql.CreateDBInstanceInput{
DBEngineVersion: volcengine.String("PostgreSQL_12"),
NodeInfo: []*rdspostgresql.NodeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput{
{
NodeOperateType: volcengine.String("Create"),
NodeSpec: volcengine.String("rds.postgres.1c2g"),
NodeType: volcengine.String("Primary"),
ZoneId: volcengine.String("cn-beijing-c"),
},
{
NodeOperateType: volcengine.String("Create"),
NodeSpec: volcengine.String("rds.postgres.1c2g"),
NodeType: volcengine.String("Secondary"),
ZoneId: volcengine.String("cn-beijing-c"),
},
{
NodeOperateType: volcengine.String("Create"),
NodeSpec: volcengine.String("rds.postgres.1c2g"),
NodeType: volcengine.String("ReadOnly"),
ZoneId: volcengine.String("cn-beijing-c"),
},
},
StorageSpace: volcengine.Int32(30),
StorageType: volcengine.String("LocalSSD"),
VpcId: volcengine.String("vpc-2bzo8w6m87v282dx0eemg****"),
SubnetId: volcengine.String("subnet-2d6b6byrhtts058ozfenq****"),
ChargeInfo: &rdspostgresql.ChargeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput{
ChargeType: volcengine.String("PrePaid"),
AutoRenew: volcengine.Bool(false),
PeriodUnit: volcengine.String("Month"),
Period: volcengine.Int32(2),
Number: volcengine.Int32(1),
},
InstanceName: volcengine.String("pg-test-sdk-go"),
ProjectName: volcengine.String("default"),
Tags: []*rdspostgresql.TagForCreateDBInstanceInput{
{
Key: volcengine.String("test1"),
Value: volcengine.String("test1"),
},
{
Key: volcengine.String("test2"),
Value: volcengine.String("test2"),
},
},
})
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(resp)
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create PostgreSQL Instance

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1456231?lang=zh

This snippet demonstrates how to create a new PostgreSQL instance with specified configurations, including node information, storage, VPC settings, and billing.

```APIDOC
## Create PostgreSQL Instance

### Description
Creates a new Cloud Database PostgreSQL instance with specified configurations.

### Method
POST (Implied by SDK method `createDBInstance`)

### Endpoint
N/A (SDK method call)

### Parameters
#### Path Parameters
N/A

#### Query Parameters
N/A

#### Request Body
- **InstanceName** (string) - Required - The name of the instance.
- **DBEngineVersion** (string) - Required - The compatible database engine version (e.g., "PostgreSQL_12").
- **StorageType** (string) - Required - The storage type for the instance (e.g., "LocalSSD").
- **StorageSpace** (integer) - Required - The storage space allocated for the instance in GB.
- **VpcId** (string) - Required - The ID of the Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).
- **SubnetId** (string) - Required - The ID of the subnet within the VPC.
- **NodeInfo** (array of objects) - Required - Configuration for the instance nodes.
  - **NodeType** (string) - Required - Type of the node (e.g., "Primary", "Secondary").
  - **ZoneId** (string) - Required - The availability zone ID (e.g., "cn-beijing-c").
  - **NodeSpec** (string) - Required - The specification of the node (e.g., "rds.postgres.1c2g").
- **ChargeInfo** (object) - Required - Billing information for the instance.
  - **ChargeType** (string) - Required - The charge type (e.g., "PostPaid").

### Request Example
```java
package org.example;

import com.volcengine.*;
import com.volcengine.sign.Credentials;
import com.volcengine.rdspostgresql.RdsPostgresqlApi;
import com.volcengine.rdspostgresql.model.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Main {
    // Set AKSK verification information and Region
    public static String ak = "Your AK";
    public static String sk = "Your SK";
    public static String region = "Your Region";
    public static String host = "Your Host";

    // Create an RDS PostgreSQL SDK client, which can be used to call API to perform task requests
    public static ApiClient apiClient = new ApiClient()
            .setCredentials(Credentials.getCredentials(ak, sk))
            .setRegion(region)
            .setEndpoint(host)
            .setConnectTimeout(10);

    public static RdsPostgresqlApi rdsPostgresql = new RdsPostgresqlApi(apiClient);

    // Create an interface input parameter and configure it according to the interface parameter description
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        List<NodeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput> nodesInfo = new ArrayList<>();
        NodeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput primaryNodeInfo = new NodeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput();
        primaryNodeInfo.setNodeType("Primary");
        primaryNodeInfo.setZoneId("cn-beijing-c");
        primaryNodeInfo.setNodeSpec("rds.postgres.1c2g");

        NodeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput secondaryNodeInfo = new NodeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput();
        secondaryNodeInfo.setNodeType("Secondary");
        secondaryNodeInfo.setZoneId("cn-beijing-c");
        secondaryNodeInfo.setNodeSpec("rds.postgres.1c2g");

        nodesInfo.add(primaryNodeInfo);
        nodesInfo.add(secondaryNodeInfo);

        ChargeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput chargeInfo = new ChargeInfoForCreateDBInstanceInput();
        chargeInfo.setChargeType("PostPaid");

        CreateDBInstanceRequest request = new CreateDBInstanceRequest();
        request.setInstanceName("pg-test-sdk-java");
        request.setDbEngineVersion("PostgreSQL_12");
        request.setStorageType("LocalSSD");
        request.setStorageSpace(30);
        request.setVpcId("vpc-2bzo8w6m87v282dx0eemg****");
        request.setSubnetId("subnet-2d6b6byrhtts058ozfenq****");
        request.setNodeInfo(nodesInfo);
        request.setChargeInfo(chargeInfo);

        // Call the interface to complete the operation corresponding to the interface
        try {
            CreateDBInstanceResponse response = rdsPostgresql.createDBInstance(request);
            System.out.println(response);
        } catch (ApiException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getResponseBody());
        }
    }
}
```

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **response** (object) - The response object containing details of the created instance.

#### Response Example
```json
{
  "example": "response body"
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### 使用 pgbench 进行数据库压测

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1456338?lang=zh

在客户端命令行窗口执行此命令，使用 pgbench 工具对 'server' 数据库进行基准测试。参数包括连接地址、端口、用户、并发客户端数、线程数、压测时长、数据规模因子和目标数据库。

```bash
pgbench -h postgresxxxxxx.rds-pg.ivolces.com -p 5432 -U test_account -c 100 -j 2 -T 300 -s 100 -i server --压测 100 客户端，每个客户端 2 个线程，压测 300s, 数据量为 100 个规模因子
```

--------------------------------

### Install Script Dependencies

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1130800?lang=zh

Install the required Python packages for the script to function. This includes libraries for PostgreSQL interaction and OpenAI API calls.

```shell
pip install psycopg2-binary
pip install openai
pip install 'openai[datalib]'
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Creating and Using IVFFlat Index

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1126562?lang=zh

Demonstrates creating an IVFFlat index with different similarity metrics (L2, Cosine, Inner Product) and adjusting recall by setting the `ivfflat.probes` parameter.

```SQL
-- Create an IVFFlat index using vector_l2_ops for Euclidean distance similarity search.
-- High recall scenario:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tbl_vector;
CREATE TABLE tbl_vector(id serial, tc1 vector(5));
INSERT INTO tbl_vector (tc1) SELECT array_agg(random())::vector(5) FROM generate_series(1.0,5.0);
CREATE INDEX tbl_vector_tc1_idx ON tbl_vector USING ivfflat (tc1) WITH (lists = 4);
SET ivfflat.probes = 4; -- Set ivfflat.probes equal to the index's lists value to scan all lists.
SELECT * FROM tbl_vector ORDER BY tc1 <-> '[0.559782,0.194308,0.454407,0.0176121,0.442676]';

-- Low recall scenario:
SET ivfflat.probes = 1; -- Set ivfflat.probes less than the index's lists value to scan a subset of lists.
SELECT * FROM tbl_vector ORDER BY tc1 <-> '[0.559782,0.194308,0.454407,0.0176121,0.442676]';

-- Create an IVFFlat index using vector_cosine_ops for cosine similarity search.
-- High recall scenario:
DROP INDEX tbl_vector_tc1_idx;
CREATE INDEX tbl_vector_tc1_idx ON tbl_vector USING ivfflat (tc1 vector_cosine_ops) WITH (lists = 4);
SET ivfflat.probes = 4;
SELECT * FROM tbl_vector ORDER BY tc1 <=> '[0.559782,0.194308,0.454407,0.0176121,0.442676]';

-- Low recall scenario:
SET ivfflat.probes = 1;
SELECT * FROM tbl_vector ORDER BY tc1 <=> '[0.559782,0.194308,0.454407,0.0176121,0.442676]';

-- Create an IVFFlat index using vector_ip_ops for inner product similarity search.
-- High recall scenario:
DROP INDEX tbl_vector_tc1_idx;
CREATE INDEX tbl_vector_tc1_idx ON tbl_vector USING ivfflat (tc1 vector_ip_ops) WITH (lists = 4);
SET ivfflat.probes = 4;
SELECT * FROM tbl_vector ORDER BY tc1 <#> '[0.559782,0.194308,0.454407,0.0176121,0.442676]';

-- Low recall scenario:
SET ivfflat.probes = 1;
SELECT * FROM tbl_vector ORDER BY tc1 <#> '[0.559782,0.194308,0.454407,0.0176121,0.442676]';
```

--------------------------------

### DeleteSlot API Request Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1323548

This is an example of a POST request to the DeleteSlot API, including necessary headers and the JSON body with InstanceId and SlotName.

```http
POST /?Action=DeleteSlot&Version=2022-01-01 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: rds-postgresql.cn-beijing.volcengineapi.com
X-Date: 20231002T101010Z
Authorization: HMAC-SHA256 Credential=AKLTN2I0MmFiNzMxNWE5NDgzMzk4MmVjMTVkODlkZTZ****/20211202/cn-beijing/rds_postgresql/request,SignedHeaders=x-date, Signature=71d31fc7bcf990142851c9833c5656391486cda0ae2e0b8ada733b7c6458****
{
"InstanceId": "postgres-b99fc497****",
"SlotName": "SlotToBeDeleted"
}
```

--------------------------------

### POST /?Action=CreateDBInstance

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1159933?lang=zh

Creates a new PostgreSQL database instance. This is an asynchronous operation.

```APIDOC
## POST /?Action=CreateDBInstance&Version=2022-01-01

### Description
Calls the CreateDBInstance interface to create a new PostgreSQL database instance. This is an asynchronous request.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
/?Action=CreateDBInstance&Version=2022-01-01

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **DBEngineVersion** (String) - Required - Compatible version (e.g., PostgreSQL_12, PostgreSQL_13, etc.)
- **NodeInfo** (Array of NodeInfoObject) - Required - Instance specification configuration.
- **StorageType** (String) - Required - Instance storage type, fixed value: LocalSSD.
- **StorageSpace** (Integer) - Optional - Instance storage space in GB.
- **VpcId** (String) - Required - Private network ID.
- **SubnetId** (String) - Required - Subnet ID.
- **AllowListIds** (Array of String) - Optional - List of whitelist IDs.
- **InstanceName** (String) - Optional - Instance name.
- **MaintenanceWindow** (Object of MaintenanceWindowObject) - Optional - Maintenance window settings.
- **ProjectName** (String) - Optional - Project name.
- **Tags** (Array of TagObject) - Optional - Tags for the instance.
- **ChargeInfo** (Object of ChargeInfoObject) - Required - Billing information.

### Request Example
{
  "DBEngineVersion": "PostgreSQL_12",
  "NodeInfo": [{"ZoneId": "cn-beijing-a", "NodeType": "Primary", "NodeSpec": "rds.postgres.1c2g", "NodeOperateType": "Create"}],
  "StorageType": "LocalSSD",
  "VpcId": "vpc-2gdgzrrl5icjk50ztyz6b****",
  "SubnetId": "subnet-30uhx4w39n75s7r2qr0lq****",
  "ChargeInfo": {"ChargeType": "PostPaid"}
}

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **InstanceId** (String) - The ID of the created instance.
- **OrderId** (String) - The ID of the order generated.

#### Response Example
{
  "InstanceId": "postgres-21a3333b****",
  "OrderId": "Order634971667632428****"
}
```

--------------------------------

### DescribeBackups API Response Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1158713

This is an example response from the DescribeBackups API. It includes metadata about the request and a list of backup details for the specified instance.

```json
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RequestId": "202308041100439000B4A38D7086052659",
"Action": "DescribeBackups",
"Version": "2022-01-01",
"Service": "rds_postgresql",
"Region": "cn-beijing"
},
"Result": {
"Backups": [
{
"BackupDataSize": 16785668,
"BackupDescription": "",
"BackupEndTime": "2025-05-12T12:21:15.000Z",
"BackupFileName": "20250512-194637F_20250512-202111I",
"BackupFileSize": 16785668,
"BackupId": "20250512-194637F_20250512-202111I",
"BackupMethod": "Physical",
"BackupProgress": 100,
"BackupScope": "Instance",
"BackupStartTime": "2025-05-12T12:21:11.000Z",
"BackupStatus": "Success",
"BackupType": "Increment",
"CreateType": "System",
"DownloadStatus": "NotAllowed",
"InstanceInfo": {
"AllowListIds": [
"acl-fdd6293f300143f2a4932bb483c8****",
"acl-ded4c0b707e44efd8f0dbc4e88f5****"
],
"ChargeDetail": {
"AutoRenew": false,
"ChargeEndTime": "",
"ChargeStartTime": "2023-09-11T06:43:34.000Z",
"ChargeStatus": "Normal",
"ChargeType": "PostPaid",
"Number": 1,
"OverdueReclaimTime": "",
"OverdueTime": "",
"Period": 1,
"PeriodUnit": "Month"
},
"DBEngineVersion": "PostgreSQL_12",
"InstanceId": "postgres-da8f12d3****",
"InstanceName": "测试实例",
"InstanceStatus": "Running",
"InstanceType": "HA",
"Memory": 2,
"Nodes": [
{
"InstanceId": "postgres-da8f12d3****",
"NodeId": "postgres-da8f12d3****",
"NodeSpec": "rds.postgres.1c2g",
"NodeType": "Primary",
"ZoneId": "cn-beijing-b"
},
{
"InstanceId": "postgres-da8f12d3****",
"NodeId": "postgres-da8f12d3****-fkoh",
"NodeSpec": "rds.postgres.1c2g",
"NodeType": "Secondary",
"ZoneId": "cn-beijing-a"
}
],
"ProjectName": "rds-pg",
"StorageSpace": 20,
"StorageType": "LocalSSD",
"SubnetId": "subnet-30uhx4w39n75s7r2qr0lq****",
"VCPU": 1,
"VpcId": "vpc-2gdgzrrl5icjk50ztyz6b****",
"ZoneId": "cn-beijing-b"
}
}
],
"Total": 1
}
}
```

--------------------------------

### POST /?Action=DownloadBackup

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1585058?lang=zh

Initiates the download process for a specific logical backup of a PostgreSQL instance.

```APIDOC
## POST /?Action=DownloadBackup

### Description
Initiates the download process for a logical backup. This is an asynchronous operation. After calling this, you must call the GetBackupDownloadLink interface to obtain the download link for the backup file.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
/?Action=DownloadBackup&Version=2022-01-01

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **InstanceId** (String) - Required - The ID of the PostgreSQL instance.
- **BackupId** (String) - Required - The ID of the logical backup to be downloaded.

### Request Example
{
  "InstanceId": "postgres-a3e7eb2f****",
  "BackupId": "20250512-194654-3836LI"
}

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **ResponseMetadata** (Object) - Contains request metadata including RequestId, Action, Version, Service, and Region.
- **Result** (null) - The result field is null for this operation.

#### Response Example
{
  "ResponseMetadata": {
    "RequestId": "20250512220201C4DF75445E6A5077C0C9-02b7b8",
    "Action": "DownloadBackup",
    "Version": "2022-01-01",
    "Service": "rds_postgresql",
    "Region": "cn-beijing"
  },
  "Result": null
}
```

--------------------------------

### Install pgjwt Extension

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/2208442

Install the pgjwt extension in your PostgreSQL database. The `CASCADE` option can be used to automatically handle dependencies if pgcrypto is not already enabled.

```sql
CREATE EXTENSION pgjwt; -- or use CASCADE: CREATE EXTENSION pgjwt cascade;
```

--------------------------------

### DeleteAllowList API Response Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1257394?lang=zh

This is an example of a successful response from the DeleteAllowList API. It includes metadata about the request and a null result, indicating the operation was successful.

```json
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RequestId": "20240423194839054AF272DDAED3F70BEA-e6e5fa",
"Action": "DeleteAllowList",
"Version": "2022-01-01",
"Service": "rds_postgresql",
"Region": "cn-guangzhou"
},
"Result": null
}
```

--------------------------------

### CreateDBInstance

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1158704

Creates a new PostgreSQL database instance.

```APIDOC
## POST CreateDBInstance

### Description
Creates a new PostgreSQL database instance within the specified configuration.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
CreateDBInstance
```

--------------------------------

### Example DescribeDBInstances Response

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1159935?lang=zh

This is an example response from the DescribeDBInstances API, showing instance details including address objects. The 'ResponseMetadata' contains request tracking information.

```json
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RequestId": "20251014123704ABBB743EDFA13A979A78-62ee28",
"Action": "DescribeDBInstances",
"Version": "2022-01-01",
"Service": "rds_postgresql",
"Region": "cn-beijing"
},
"Result": {
"Instances": [
{
"AddressObject": [
{
"DNSVisibility": false,
"Domain": "postgres-d9ace5c3****-public.rds-pg.cn-beijing.volces.com",
"EipId": "eip-1a1k0eh4m8mio8nvepkxv****",

```

--------------------------------

### 执行 SysBench 性能测试

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/104932?lang=zh

运行 run 命令启动性能测试，需根据实际环境替换数据库连接参数。

```bash
sysbench ./tests/include/oltp_legacy/oltp.lua \
--db-driver=pgsql \
--pgsql-db=sbtest \
--pgsql-user=<username> \
--pgsql-password=<password> \
--pgsql-port=5432 \
--pgsql-host=<host> \
--oltp-tables-count=64 \
--oltp-table-size=10000000 \
--time=180 \
--max-requests=0 \
--threads=64 \
--report-interval=5 \
--forced-shutdown=1 \
run
```

--------------------------------

### HTTP Request Example for DeleteParameterTemplate

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1585052?lang=zh

This example shows the HTTP request structure for calling the DeleteParameterTemplate API. It includes necessary headers and the JSON body containing the TemplateId.

```http
POST /?Action=DeleteParameterTemplate&Version=2022-01-01 HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: rds-postgresql.cn-beijing.volcengineapi.com
X-Date: 20231002T101010Z
Authorization: HMAC-SHA256 Credential=AKLTN2I0MmFiNzMxNWE5NDgzMzk4MmVjMTVkODlkZTZ****/20211202/cn-beijing/rds_postgresql/request,SignedHeaders=x-date, Signature=71d31fc7bcf990142851c9833c5656391486cda0ae2e0b8ada733b7c6458****
{
"TemplateId": "postgresql-6d57281c3313****"
}
```

--------------------------------

### Describe DB Instance Price Difference Response Example

Source: https://www.volcengine.com/docs/6438/1159939

This response shows the price details for a DB instance, including original price, discount price, and payable price for different charge items.

```json
{ 
"ResponseMetadata": { 
"RequestId": "202306192156254A900086CBECA123D60F", 
"Action": "DescribeDBInstancePriceDifference", 
"Version": "2022-01-01", 
"Service": "rds_postgresql", 
"Region": "cn-beijing" 
}, 
"Result": { 
"ChargeItemPrices": [ 
{ 
"ChargeItemKey": "rds.pg.d1.1c2g", 
"ChargeItemType": "Primary", 
"ChargeItemValue": 1, 
"DiscountPrice": 120.345, 
"OriginalPrice": 120.345, 
"PayablePrice": 120.345 
}, 
{ 
"ChargeItemKey": "rds.pg.d1.1c2g", 
"ChargeItemType": "Secondary", 
"ChargeItemValue": 1, 
"DiscountPrice": 120.345, 
"OriginalPrice": 120.345, 
"PayablePrice": 120.345 
}, 
{ 
"ChargeItemKey": "rds.pg.d1.localssd", 
"ChargeItemType": "Storage", 
"ChargeItemValue": 100, 
"DiscountPrice": 0.05368034, 
"NodeNumPerInstance": 2, 
"OriginalPrice": 0.25, 
"PayablePrice": 0.05368034 
} 
], 
"Currency": "人民币", 
"DiscountPrice": -17.5, 
"OriginalPrice": -17.5, 
"PayablePrice": -17.5 
} 
} 
```