Dcm2Bids

https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids
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Dcm2Bids is a DICOM converter tool that reorganises NIfTI files using dcm2niix into the Brain...
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### Install and run dcm2bids binary on Ubuntu

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/get-started/install

Example commands to download, extract, and execute the dcm2bids binary on a Linux system.

```bash
sam:~/software$ curl -fLO https://github.com/unfmontreal/dcm2bids/releases/latest/download/dcm2bids_debian-based_3.0.rc1.tar.gz
sam:~/software$ tar -xvf dcm2bids_debian-based*.tar.gz
sam:~/software$ cd ../data
sam:~/data$ ~/software/dcm2bids_scaffold -o new-bids-project
```

```text
sam:~/software$ curl -fLO https://github.com/unfmontreal/dcm2bids/releases/latest/download/dcm2bids_debian-based_3.0.0rc1.tar.gz
% Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                              Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0
0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0
100 40.6M  100 40.6M    0     0  23.2M      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:-- 36.4M

sam:~/software$ tar -xvf dcm2bids_debian-based*.tar.gz
dcm2bids
dcm2bids_helper
dcm2bids_scaffold

sam:~/software$ cd ../data

sam:~/data$ ~/software/dcm2bids_scaffold -o new-bids-project
INFO    | --- dcm2bids_scaffold start ---
INFO    | Running the following command: /home/sam/software/dcm2bids_scaffold -o new-bids-project
INFO    | OS version: Linux-5.15.0-76-generic-x86_64-with-glibc2.31
INFO    | Python version: 3.10.12 | packaged by conda-forge | (main, Jun 23 2023, 22:40:32) [GCC 12.3.0]
INFO    | dcm2bids version: 3.0.rc1
INFO    | Checking for software update
INFO    | Currently using the latest version of dcm2bids.
INFO    | The files used to create your BIDS directory were taken from https://github.com/bids-standard/bids-starter-kit.

INFO    | Tree representation of new-bids-project/
INFO    | new-bids-project/
INFO    | ├── code/
INFO    | ├── derivatives/
INFO    | ├── sourcedata/
INFO    | ├── tmp_dcm2bids/
INFO    | │   └── log/
INFO    | │       └── scaffold_20230716-122220.log
INFO    | ├── .bidsignore
INFO    | ├── CHANGES
INFO    | ├── dataset_description
INFO    | ├── participants.json
INFO    | ├── participants.tsv
INFO    | └── README
INFO    | Log file saved at new-bids-project/tmp_dcm2bids/log/scaffold_20230716-122220.log
INFO    | --- dcm2bids_scaffold end ---
```

--------------------------------

### Full dcm2bids configuration example

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/how-to/use-advanced-commands

A comprehensive example showing the structure of a dcm2bids configuration file, including extractors, search methods, and post-processing operations.

```json
{
  "extractors": {
    "SeriesDescription": [
      "run-(?P<run>[0-9]+)",
      "task-(?P<task>[0-9]+)"
    ],
    "BodyPartExamined": [
      "(?P<bodypart>[a-zA-Z]+)"
    ]
  },
  "search_method": "fnmatch",
  "case_sensitive": true,
  "dup_method": "dup",
  "post_op": [
    {
      "cmd": "pydeface --outfile dst_file src_file",
      "datatype": "anat",
      "suffix": [
        "T1w",
        "MP2RAGE"
      ],
    "custom_entities": "rec-defaced"
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "datatype": "anat",
      "suffix": "T2w",
      "custom_entities": [
        "acq-highres",
        "bodypart",
        "run",
        "task"
      ],
      "criteria": ...
    }
  ]
}
```

--------------------------------

### Example command and output format

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

Demonstrates the structure of command and output tabs used throughout the tutorial.

```bash
echo "Hello, World!"
```

```bash
sam:~/$ echo "Hello, World!"
Hello, World!
```

--------------------------------

### Python version output examples

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/get-started/install

Example terminal outputs when checking Python version and starting the interactive shell.

```text
sam:~$ python --version
Python 3.10.4
```

```text
sam:~$ python
Python 3.10.4 | packaged by conda-forge | (main, Mar 24 2022, 17:39:04) [GCC 10.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
```

--------------------------------

### Verify dcm2bids installation

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/get-started/install

Run the help command to confirm that the dcm2bids package is correctly installed and accessible.

```bash
(dcm2bids) sam:~/dcm2bids-proj$ dcm2bids --help
usage: dcm2bids [-h] -d DICOM_DIR [DICOM_DIR ...] -p PARTICIPANT [-s SESSION]
                -c CONFIG [-o OUTPUT_DIR]
                [--auto_extract_entities | --do_not_reorder_entities]
                [-b BIDS_VERSION] [--bids_validate] [--force_dcm2bids]
                [--skip_dcm2niix] [--clobber]
                [-l {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}] [-v]

Reorganising NIfTI files from dcm2niix into the Brain Imaging Data Structure

options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -d DICOM_DIR [DICOM_DIR ...], --dicom_dir DICOM_DIR [DICOM_DIR ...]
                        Path to one or more directories or archives (tar, tar.bz2, tar.gz or zip) containing the DICOM files for a single participant and session to be converted to BIDS.
  -p PARTICIPANT, --participant PARTICIPANT
                        Participant ID to be used in the BIDS dataset filenames (e.g. sub-<PARTICIPANT>).
  -s SESSION, --session SESSION
                        Session ID to be used in the BIDS dataset filenames (e.g. ses-<SESSION>). If not provided, no session entity will be added to the BIDS filenames.
  -c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
                        JSON configuration that specifies additional parameters for BIDS conversion. See the documentation for more information: 
                        https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/3.3.0.rc1/how-to/create-config-file/
  -o OUTPUT_DIR, --output_dir OUTPUT_DIR
                        Output BIDS directory. Defaults to the current working directory.
  --auto_extract_entities
                        If set, it will automatically try to extract entity information [task, dir, echo] based on the suffix and datatype. Default is [False]
  --do_not_reorder_entities
                        If set, it will not reorder entities according to the relative ordering indicated in the BIDS specification and use the order defined in custom_entities by the user.
                        Cannot be used with --auto_extract_entities.  Default is [False]
  -b BIDS_VERSION, --bids_version BIDS_VERSION
                        Set the BIDS specification version to follow (e.g. 'v1.11.1', 'stable', 'latest' or 'default').
                        This controls which BIDS schema and rules dcm2bids uses for automatic entity extraction and ordering.
                        If not provided, dcm2bids uses the 'default' BIDS spec for reproducible, offline-friendly behavior.
                        For long-running or shared pipelines, consider pinning a specific tag (e.g. 'v1.11.1').
                        When internet is available, it will check once whether the remote 'stable' is newer and, if so, 
                        suggest updating to that specific version tag.
  --bids_validate       If set, once your conversion is done it will check if your output folder is BIDS valid. [False]
                        bids-validator needs to be installed check: https://github.com/bids-standard/bids-validator#quickstart
  --force_dcm2bids      Overwrite previous temporary dcm2bids output if it exists.
  --skip_dcm2niix       Skip dcm2niix conversion. Option -d should contains NIFTI and json files.
  --clobber             Overwrite output if it exists.
  -l {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}, --log_level {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}
                        Set logging level to the console. The default level is [INFO]
  -v, --version         Report dcm2bids version and the default BIDS specification version it follows by default.

Documentation at https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/
```

--------------------------------

### Example terminal output for environment creation

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/get-started/install

Sample terminal session showing the creation of the environment using the configuration file.

```bash
sam:~/dcm2bids-proj$ nano environment.yml
sam:~/dcm2bids-proj$ conda env create --file environment.yml
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: |done

Downloading and Extracting Packages
future-0.18.2        | 738 KB    | ########################################## | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
#
```

--------------------------------

### Example output of dcm2bids_scaffold

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/parallel

This shows the console output and the resulting directory tree after running the scaffold command.

```text
(dcm2bids) sam:~$ dcm2bids_scaffold -o tuto-parallel
INFO    | --- dcm2bids_scaffold start ---
INFO    | Running the following command: /home/sam/miniconda3/envs/dcm2bids/bin/dcm2bids_scaffold -o tuto-parallel
INFO    | OS version: Linux-5.15.0-83-generic-x86_64-with-glibc2.31
INFO    | Python version: 3.10.4 | packaged by conda-forge | (main, Mar 24 2022, 17:39:04) [GCC 10.3.0]
INFO    | dcm2bids version: 3.1.0
INFO    | Checking for software update
INFO    | Currently using the latest version of dcm2bids.
INFO    | The files used to create your BIDS directory were taken from https://github.com/bids-standard/bids-starter-kit.

INFO    | Tree representation of tuto-parallel/
INFO    | tuto-parallel/
INFO    | ├── code/
INFO    | ├── derivatives/
INFO    | ├── sourcedata/
INFO    | ├── tmp_dcm2bids/
INFO    | │   └── log/
INFO    | │       └── scaffold_20230913-095334.log
INFO    | ├── .bidsignore
INFO    | ├── CHANGES
INFO    | ├── dataset_description.json
INFO    | ├── participants.json
INFO    | ├── participants.tsv
INFO    | └── README
INFO    | Log file saved at tuto-parallel/tmp_dcm2bids/log/scaffold_20230913-095334.log
INFO    | --- dcm2bids_scaffold end ---
```

--------------------------------

### Test the dcm2bids container

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/how-to/container

Verify the container installation by displaying the help message.

```bash
docker run --rm -it unfmontreal/dcm2bids:${VERSION} --help
```

```bash
apptainer run -e --containall dcm2bids.sif --help
```

--------------------------------

### Install dcm2bids via package managers

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/get-started

Use these commands to install dcm2bids within a dedicated project environment.

```bash
conda install -c conda-forge dcm2bids
```

```bash
pip install dcm2bids
```

--------------------------------

### Example dcm2bids configuration file

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

A sample JSON configuration file defining task and fieldmap matching criteria.

```json
{
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "id": "id_task-rest",
      "datatype": "func",
      "suffix": "bold",
      "custom_entities": "task-rest",
      "criteria": {
        "SeriesDescription": "Axial EPI-FMRI (Interleaved I to S)*"
      },
      "sidecar_changes": {
        "TaskName": "rest"
      }
    },
    {
      "datatype": "fmap",
      "suffix": "epi",
      "custom_entities": "dir",
      "criteria": {
        "SeriesDescription": "EPI PE=*"
      },
      "sidecar_changes": {
        "intendedFor": ["id_task-rest"]
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

--------------------------------

### Parallel Execution Example

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/parallel

Demonstrates using GNU parallel to iterate over a list of files and execute a command for each.

```bash
ls PATH/TO/YOUR/SOURCE/DATA | parallel echo "This is the command for subject {}"
```

```bash
(dcm2bids) sam:~/tuto-parallel$ ls sourcedata/punk_proj | parallel echo "This is the command for subject {}"
This is the command for subject PUNK041.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK042.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK043.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK044.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK045.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK046.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK047.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK048.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK049.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK050.tar.bz2
This is the command for subject PUNK051.tar.bz2
```

--------------------------------

### Schema Loading Logic

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/schema

Example of resolving the BIDS version label and loading the corresponding schema.

```python
    actual_label = _resolve_bids_version_label(args_bids_version, log_dir)

    schema = get_schema(schema_version=actual_label, log_dir=log_dir)

    _abort_if_schema_missing(actual_label, schema)

    derived = derive_entities_from_schema(schema)

    return schema, derived
```

--------------------------------

### Activate dcm2bids environment

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/get-started/install

Use this command to activate the environment after installation.

```bash
conda activate dcm2bids
```

--------------------------------

### dcm2niix_version(name='dcm2niix')

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/tools

Verifies if dcm2niix is installed and returns its version string.

```APIDOC
### Function: dcm2niix_version

#### Description
Checks and raises an error if dcm2niix is not in the system PATH. Then checks for the version installed.

#### Parameters
- **name** (str) - Optional - Name of the tool. Default is 'dcm2niix'.

#### Returns
- **str** - The version string of the dcm2niix installation on the system.
```

--------------------------------

### Install dcm2bids and dcm2niix via conda

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/get-started/install

Installs the required software packages from the conda-forge channel.

```bash
conda install -c conda-forge dcm2bids
conda install -c conda-forge dcm2niix
```

--------------------------------

### Verify dcm2bids and GNU parallel installation

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/parallel

Check the installed versions of dcm2bids and GNU parallel to ensure they are correctly configured in your environment.

```bash
dcm2bids -v
parallel --version
```

--------------------------------

### Example dry-run output

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/parallel

A demonstration of the output generated by a dry-run command.

```bash
(dcm2bids) sam:~/tuto-parallel$ parallel --dry-run --plus dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d {} -p "{= s/.*\\/PUNK//; s/.tar.*// =}" ::: sourcedata/punk_proj/*
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK041.tar.bz2 -p 041
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK042.tar.bz2 -p 042
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK043.tar.bz2 -p 043
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK044.tar.bz2 -p 044
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK045.tar.bz2 -p 045
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK046.tar.bz2 -p 046
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK047.tar.bz2 -p 047
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK048.tar.bz2 -p 048
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK049.tar.bz2 -p 049
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK050.tar.bz2 -p 050
dcm2bids --auto_extract_entities -c code/config_dcm2bids_t1w.json -d sourcedata/punk_proj/PUNK051.tar.bz2 -p 051
```

--------------------------------

### Define instance variables

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/dcm2bids_gen

Example of an instance variable definition for DICOM directories.

```text
1
```

```text
dicom_dirs
```

--------------------------------

### Scaffolding Output Examples

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

Console output when running the scaffold command with default settings versus a specified output directory.

```bash
(dcm2bids) sam:~/dcm2bids-tutorial$ dcm2bids_scaffold
INFO    | --- dcm2bids_scaffold start ---
INFO    | Running the following command: /home/sam/miniconda3/envs/dcm2bids-env/bin/dcm2bids_scaffold
INFO    | OS version: Linux-5.19.0-45-generic-x86_64-with-glibc2.35
INFO    | Python version: 3.10.4 (main, May 29 2023, 11:10:38) [GCC 11.3.0]
INFO    | dcm2bids version: 3.0.0
INFO    | Checking for software update
INFO    | Currently using the latest version of dcm2bids.
INFO    | The files used to create your BIDS directory were taken from https://github.com/bids-standard/bids-starter-kit.

INFO    | Tree representation of /home/sam/dcm2bids-tutorials/
INFO    | /home/sam/dcm2bids-tutorials/
INFO    | ├── code/
INFO    | ├── derivatives/
INFO    | ├── sourcedata/
INFO    | ├── tmp_dcm2bids/
INFO    | │   └── log/
INFO    | │       └── scaffold_20230703-163905.log
INFO    | ├── .bidsignore
INFO    | ├── CHANGES
INFO    | ├── dataset_description
INFO    | ├── participants.json
INFO    | ├── participants.tsv
INFO    | └── README
INFO    | Log file saved at /home/sam/dcm2bids-tutorials/tmp_dcm2bids/log/scaffold_20230703-163905.log
INFO    | --- dcm2bids_scaffold end ---

(dcm2bids) sam:~/dcm2bids-tutorial$ ls -a
.bidsignore CHANGES      dataset_description.json  participants.json  README
code        derivatives  participants.tsv          sourcedata
```

```bash
(dcm2bids) sam:~/dcm2bids-tutorial$ dcm2bids_scaffold -o bids_project
INFO    | --- dcm2bids_scaffold start ---
INFO    | Running the following command: /home/sam/miniconda3/envs/dcm2bids-env/bin/dcm2bids_scaffold -o bids_project
INFO    | OS version: Linux-5.19.0-45-generic-x86_64-with-glibc2.35
INFO    | Python version: 3.10.4 (main, May 29 2023, 11:10:38) [GCC 11.3.0]
INFO    | dcm2bids version: 3.0.dev
INFO    | Checking for software update
INFO    | Currently using the latest version of dcm2bids.
INFO    | The files used to create your BIDS directory were taken from https://github.com/bids-standard/bids-starter-kit.
```

--------------------------------

### Implement main function logic

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/cli/dcm2bids_helper

The full implementation of the main function, handling argument parsing, logging setup, and the Dcm2niixGen execution.

```python
def main():

    """Let's go"""

    parser = _build_arg_parser()

    args = parser.parse_args()

    out_dir = Path(args.output_dir)

    if args.output_dir != parser.get_default('output_dir'):

        out_dir = (Path(args.output_dir)

                   / DEFAULT.tmp_dir_name

                   / DEFAULT.helper_dir)

        log_file = (Path(args.output_dir)

                    / DEFAULT.tmp_dir_name

                    / "log"

                    / f"helper_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d-%H%M%S')}.log")

    else:

        log_file = (Path(DEFAULT.output_dir)

                    / DEFAULT.tmp_dir_name

                    / "log"

                    / f"helper_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d-%H%M%S')}.log")

    if args.nest:

        if isinstance(args.nest, str):

            log_file = Path(

              str(log_file).replace("helper_",

                                    f"helper_{args.nest.replace(os.path.sep, '-')}_"))

            out_dir = out_dir / args.nest

        else:

            log_file = Path(str(log_file).replace(

              "helper_", f"helper_{args.dicom_dir[0].replace(os.path.sep, '-')}_"

                            )

            out_dir = out_dir / args.dicom_dir[0]

    log_file.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    setup_logging(args.log_level, log_file)

    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

    logger.info("--- dcm2bids_helper start ---")

    logger.info("Running the following command: " + " ".join(sys.argv))

    logger.info("OS version: %s", platform.platform())

    logger.info("Python version: %s", sys.version.replace("\n", ""))

    logger.info(f"dcm2bids version: {__version__}")

    logger.info(f"dcm2niix version: {dcm2niix_version()}")

    logger.info("Checking for software update")

    log_dir = log_file.parent

    check_latest("dcm2bids", log_dir=log_dir)

    check_latest("dcm2niix", log_dir=log_dir)

    app = Dcm2niixGen(dicom_dirs=args.dicom_dir, bids_dir=out_dir, helper=True)

    rsl = app.run(force=args.overwrite)

    logger.info(f"Helper files in: {out_dir}\n")

    logger.info(f"Log file saved at {log_file}")

    logger.info("--- dcm2bids_helper end ---")

    return rsl
```

--------------------------------

### Verify dcm2niix installation and version

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/tools

Checks if dcm2niix is available in the system PATH and retrieves its version string.

```python
def dcm2niix_version(name="dcm2niix"):

    """

    Check and raises an error if dcm2niix is not in PATH.

    Then check for the version installed.

    Returns:

        A string of the version of dcm2niix install on the system

    """

    if not is_tool(name):

        logger.error(f"{name} is not in your PATH or not installed.")

        logger.error("https://github.com/rordenlab/dcm2niix to troubleshoot.")

        raise FileNotFoundError(f"{name} is not in your PATH or not installed."

                                " -> https://github.com/rordenlab/dcm2niix"

                                " to troubleshoot.")

    try:

        output = getoutput("dcm2niix --version")

    except Exception:

        logger.exception("Checking dcm2niix version", exc_info=False)

        return

    else:

        return output.split()[-1]
```

--------------------------------

### dcm2niix_version(name='dcm2niix')

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/tools

Checks if the specified tool is available in the system PATH and retrieves its installed version.

```APIDOC
## dcm2niix_version(name='dcm2niix')

### Description
Checks if the dcm2niix tool is present in the system PATH and returns the installed version string. If the tool is not found, it raises a FileNotFoundError.

### Parameters
- **name** (string) - Optional - The name of the tool to check, defaults to 'dcm2niix'.

### Returns
- **version** (string) - The version string of the installed dcm2niix tool.
```

--------------------------------

### Configure post-processing operations

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/how-to/use-advanced-commands

Example of using the post_op key to run external commands like pydeface on specific data types and suffixes.

```json
"post_op": [
  {
    "cmd": "pydeface --outfile dst_file src_file",
    "datatype": "anat",
    "suffix": [
      "T1w",
      "MP2RAGE"
    ],
    "custom_entities": "rec-defaced"
  }
],
```

--------------------------------

### Define dcm2bids configuration structure

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

Example JSON structure for mapping acquisitions to BIDS format, including sidecar modifications.

```json
{
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "datatype": "func",
      "suffix": "bold",
      "custom_entities": "task-rest",
      "criteria": {
        "SeriesDescription": "Axial EPI-FMRI (Interleaved I to S)*"
      },
      "sidecar_changes": {
        "TaskName": "rest"
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

--------------------------------

### Inspect dcm2bids helper JSON output

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

Example of a JSON sidecar file generated in the tmp_dcm2bids/helper directory, showing metadata parameters for MRI acquisition.

```json
    "SliceThickness": 3,                                        "SliceThickness": 3,
    "SpacingBetweenSlices": 12,                                 "SpacingBetweenSlices": 12,
    "SAR": 0.00556578,                                          "SAR": 0.00556578,
    "EchoTime": 0.05,                                           "EchoTime": 0.05,
    "RepetitionTime": 2.43537,                                  "RepetitionTime": 2.43537,
    "FlipAngle": 75,                                            "FlipAngle": 75,
    "PartialFourier": 1,                                        "PartialFourier": 1,
    "BaseResolution": 72,                                       "BaseResolution": 72,
    "ShimSetting": [                                            "ShimSetting": [
        -3717,                                                      -3717,
        15233,                                                      15233,
        -9833,                                                      -9833,
        -207,                                                       -207,
        -312,                                                       -312,
        -110,                                                       -110,
        150,                                                        150,
        226    ],                                                   226],
    "TxRefAmp": 316.97,                                         "TxRefAmp": 316.97,
    "PhaseResolution": 1,                                       "PhaseResolution": 1,
    "ReceiveCoilName": "Head_32",                               "ReceiveCoilName": "Head_32",
    "ReceiveCoilActiveElements": "HEA;HEP",                     "ReceiveCoilActiveElements": "HEA;HEP",
    "PulseSequenceDetails": "%CustomerSeq%\\nih_ep2d_bold       "PulseSequenceDetails": "%CustomerSeq%\\nih_ep2d_bold
    "CoilCombinationMethod": "Sum of Squares",                  "CoilCombinationMethod": "Sum of Squares",
    "ConsistencyInfo": "N4_VE11C_LATEST_20160120",              "ConsistencyInfo": "N4_VE11C_LATEST_20160120",
    "MatrixCoilMode": "SENSE",                                  "MatrixCoilMode": "SENSE",
    "PercentPhaseFOV": 100,                                     "PercentPhaseFOV": 100,
    "PercentSampling": 100,                                     "PercentSampling": 100,
    "EchoTrainLength": 72,                                      "EchoTrainLength": 72,
    "PhaseEncodingSteps": 72,                                   "PhaseEncodingSteps": 72,
    "AcquisitionMatrixPE": 72,                                  "AcquisitionMatrixPE": 72,
    "ReconMatrixPE": 72,                                        "ReconMatrixPE": 72,
    "BandwidthPerPixelPhaseEncode": 27.778,                     "BandwidthPerPixelPhaseEncode": 27.778,
    "EffectiveEchoSpacing": 0.000499996,                        "EffectiveEchoSpacing": 0.000499996,
    "DerivedVendorReportedEchoSpacing": 0.000499996,            "DerivedVendorReportedEchoSpacing": 0.000499996,
    "TotalReadoutTime": 0.0354997,                              "TotalReadoutTime": 0.0354997,
    "PixelBandwidth": 2315,                                     "PixelBandwidth": 2315,
    "DwellTime": 3e-06,                                         "DwellTime": 3e-06,
    "PhaseEncodingDirection": "j-",                        |    "PhaseEncodingDirection": "j",
    "SliceTiming": [                                            "SliceTiming": [
        0,                                                          0,
        1.45,                                              |        1.4475,
        0.4825,                                                     0.4825,
        1.9325,                                            |        1.93,
        0.9675    ],                                       |        0.965    ],
    "ImageOrientationPatientDICOM": [                           "ImageOrientationPatientDICOM": [
        1,                                                          1,
        0,                                                          0,
        0,                                                          0,
        0,                                                          0,
        1,                                                          1,
        0    ],                                                     0   ],
    "ImageOrientationText": "Tra",                              "ImageOrientationText": "Tra",
    "InPlanePhaseEncodingDirectionDICOM": "COL",                "InPlanePhaseEncodingDirectionDICOM": "COL",
    "ConversionSoftware": "dcm2niix",                           "ConversionSoftware": "dcm2niix",
    "ConversionSoftwareVersion": "v1.0.20211006"                "ConversionSoftwareVersion": "v1.0.20211006"
}                                                           }
```

--------------------------------

### Create Tutorial Directory

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

Initialize a new directory for the tutorial project.

```bash
mkdir dcm2bids-tutorial
cd dcm2bids-tutorial
```

```bash
(dcm2bids) sam:~$ mkdir dcm2bids-tutorial
(dcm2bids) sam:~$ cd dcm2bids-tutorial/
(dcm2bids) sam:~/dcm2bids-tutorial$
# no output is printed by mkdir and cd if when the command is successful.
# You can now see that you are inside dcm2bids-tutorial directory.
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize bids_starter_kit class

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/scaffold

Constructor signature for the bids_starter_kit class.

```python
class bids_starter_kit(
    /,
    *args,
    **kwargs
)
```

--------------------------------

### setup_logging Implementation

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/logger

The implementation logic for the setup_logging function.

```python
def setup_logging(log_level, log_file=None):

    """ Setup logging configuration"""

    # Check level

    level = getattr(logging, log_level.upper(), None)

    if not isinstance(level, int):

        raise ValueError(f"Invalid log level: {log_level}")

    fh = logging.FileHandler(log_file)

    # fh.setFormatter(formatter)

    fh.setLevel("DEBUG")

    sh = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)

    sh.setLevel(log_level)

    sh_fmt = CustomFormatter(fmt="%(levelname)-8s| %(message)s")

    sh.setFormatter(sh_fmt)

    # default formatting is kept for the log file"

    logging.basicConfig(

        level=logging.DEBUG,

        format="%(asctime)s.%(msecs)02d - %(levelname)-8s - %(module)s.%(funcName)s | "

        "%(message)s",

        datefmt="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",

        handlers=[fh, sh]

    )
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize configuration file

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

Create an empty JSON configuration file structure.

```json
{
  "descriptions": []
}
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize BIDS dataset structure with bids_starter_kit

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/scaffold

The bids_starter_kit class provides predefined string templates for essential BIDS dataset files.

```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

class bids_starter_kit(object):

    CHANGES = """Revision history for your dataset

1.0.0 DATE

 - Initialized study directory

 """

    dataset_description = """{

    "Name": "",

    "BIDSVersion": "BIDS_VERSION",

    "License": "",

    "Authors": [

        ""

    ],

    "Acknowledgments": "",

    "HowToAcknowledge": "",

    "Funding": [

        ""

    ],

    "ReferencesAndLinks": [

        ""

    ],

    "DatasetDOI": ""

}

"""

    participants_json = """{

    "age": {

        "LongName": "",

        "Description": "age of the participant",

        "Units": "years"

    },

    "sex": {

        "LongName": "",

        "Description": "sex of the participant as reported by the participant",

        "Levels": {

            "M": "male",

            "F": "female"

        }

    },

    "group": {

        "LongName": "",

        "Description": "experimental group the participant belonged to",

        "Levels": {

            "control": "control",

            "patient": "patient"

        }

    }

}

"""

    participants_tsv = """participant_id    age sex group

sub-01  34  M   control

sub-02  12  F   control

sub-03  33  F   patient

"""

    README = """# README

The README is usually the starting point for researchers using your data

and serves as a guidepost for users of your data. A clear and informative

README makes your data much more usable.

In general you can include information in the README that is not captured by some other

files in the BIDS dataset (dataset_description.json, events.tsv, ...).

It can also be useful to also include information that might already be

present in another file of the dataset but might be important for users to be aware of

before preprocessing or analysing the data.

If the README gets too long you have the possibility to create a `/doc` folder

and add it to the `.bidsignore` file to make sure it is ignored by the BIDS validator.

More info here: https://neurostars.org/t/where-in-a-bids-dataset-should-i-put-notes-about-individual-mri-acqusitions/17315/3

"""
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize BIDS directory structure

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/parallel

Use this command to create a standard BIDS directory structure in the specified output folder.

```bash
dcm2bids_scaffold -o name_of_your_bids_dir
```

--------------------------------

### Full Logging Module Implementation

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/logger

Contains the complete setup_logging function and CustomFormatter class definition.

```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""Setup logging configuration"""

import logging

import sys

def setup_logging(log_level, log_file=None):

    """ Setup logging configuration"""

    # Check level

    level = getattr(logging, log_level.upper(), None)

    if not isinstance(level, int):

        raise ValueError(f"Invalid log level: {log_level}")

    fh = logging.FileHandler(log_file)

    # fh.setFormatter(formatter)

    fh.setLevel("DEBUG")

    sh = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)

    sh.setLevel(log_level)

    sh_fmt = CustomFormatter(fmt="%(levelname)-8s| %(message)s")

    sh.setFormatter(sh_fmt)

    # default formatting is kept for the log file"

    logging.basicConfig(

        level=logging.DEBUG,

        format="%(asctime)s.%(msecs)02d - %(levelname)-8s - %(module)s.%(funcName)s | "

        "%(message)s",

        datefmt="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",

        handlers=[fh, sh]

    )

class CustomFormatter(logging.Formatter):

    """Logging colored formatter, adapted from https://stackoverflow.com/a/56944256/3638629"""

    grey = '\x1b[38;21m'

    blue = '\x1b[38;5;39m'

    yellow = '\x1b[38;5;226m'

    red = '\x1b[38;5;196m'

    bold_red = '\x1b[31;1m'

    reset = '\x1b[0m'

    def __init__(self, fmt):

        super().__init__()

        self.fmt = fmt

        self.FORMATS = {

            logging.DEBUG: self.grey + self.fmt + self.reset,

            logging.INFO: self.blue + self.fmt + self.reset,

            logging.WARNING: self.yellow + self.fmt + self.reset,

            logging.ERROR: self.red + self.fmt + self.reset,

            logging.CRITICAL: self.bold_red + self.fmt + self.reset

        }

    def format(self, record):

        log_fmt = self.FORMATS.get(record.levelno)

        formatter = logging.Formatter(log_fmt)

        return formatter.format(record)
```

--------------------------------

### Display dcm2bids_helper help

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

View the command-line interface options and usage documentation.

```bash
dcm2bids_helper --help
```

```bash
(dcm2bids) sam:~/dcm2bids-tutorial/bids_project$ dcm2bids_helper --help
usage: dcm2bids_helper [-h] -d DICOM_DIR [DICOM_DIR ...] [-o OUTPUT_DIR]
                       [-n [NEST]] [--force]
                       [-l {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}]

Converts DICOM files to NIfTI files including their JSON sidecars in a
temporary directory which can be inspected to make a dcm2bids config file.

options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -d DICOM_DIR [DICOM_DIR ...], --dicom_dir DICOM_DIR [DICOM_DIR ...]
                        DICOM directory(ies) or archive(s) (tar, tar.bz2, tar.gz or zip).
  -o OUTPUT_DIR, --output_dir OUTPUT_DIR
                        Output directory. (Default: [/home/runner/work/Dcm2Bids/Dcm2Bids/tmp_dcm2bids/helper]
  -n [NEST], --nest [NEST]
                        Nest a directory in <output_dir>. Useful if many helper runs are needed
                        to make a config file due to slight variations in MRI acquisitions.
                        Defaults to DICOM_DIR if no name is provided.
                        (Default: [False])
  --force, --force_dcm2bids
                        Force command to overwrite existing output files.
  -l {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}, --log_level {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}
                        Set logging level to the console. [INFO]

Documentation at https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/
```

--------------------------------

### setup_logging(log_level, log_file=None)

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/logger

Configures the global logging settings for the application. It sets up both a file handler and a stream handler with a custom colored formatter.

```APIDOC
## setup_logging(log_level, log_file=None)

### Description
Configures the logging system. It initializes a file handler for detailed logs and a stream handler for console output with colored formatting.

### Parameters
- **log_level** (str) - Required - The logging level (e.g., 'DEBUG', 'INFO', 'WARNING', 'ERROR', 'CRITICAL').
- **log_file** (str) - Optional - The path to the file where logs should be written.

### Exceptions
- **ValueError** - Raised if the provided log_level is not a valid logging level.
```

--------------------------------

### Verify Python version

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/get-started/install

Commands to check the installed Python version or enter an interactive shell.

```bash
python --version
```

```bash
python
```

--------------------------------

### Create configuration file via terminal

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/tutorial/first-steps

Use the nano editor to create the configuration file in the project directory.

```bash
nano code/dcm2bids_config.json
```

```bash
(dcm2bids) sam:~/dcm2bids-tutorial/bids_project$ nano code/dcm2bids_config.json
(dcm2bids) sam:~/dcm2bids-tutorial/bids_project$
```

--------------------------------

### Display Dcm2Bids help information

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/how-to/use-main-commands

Use these commands to view the complete list of available options and arguments for the CLI.

```bash
dcm2bids -h
```

```bash
dcm2bids --help
```

--------------------------------

### Run dcm2bids_scaffold

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/how-to/container

Execute the scaffold utility to initialize a BIDS directory structure.

```bash
docker run --rm -it \
--entrypoint /venv/bin/dcm2bids_scaffold \
-v /path/to/bids:/bids \
unfmontreal/dcm2bids:${VERSION} -o /bids/new_scaffold
```

```bash
apptainer exec \
-e --containall \
-B /path/to/bids:/bids \
dcm2bids.sif dcm2bids_scaffold -o /bids/new_scaffold
```

--------------------------------

### bids_starter_kit class definition

Source: https://unfmontreal.github.io/Dcm2Bids/latest/dcm2bids/utils/scaffold

Full class definition containing default templates for BIDS metadata files.

```python
class bids_starter_kit(object):

    CHANGES = """Revision history for your dataset

1.0.0 DATE

 - Initialized study directory

 """

    dataset_description = """{

    "Name": "",

    "BIDSVersion": "BIDS_VERSION",

    "License": "",

    "Authors": [

        ""

    ],

    "Acknowledgments": "",

    "HowToAcknowledge": "",

    "Funding": [

        ""

    ],

    "ReferencesAndLinks": [

        ""

    ],

    "DatasetDOI": ""

}

"""

    participants_json = """{

    "age": {

        "LongName": "",

        "Description": "age of the participant",

        "Units": "years"

    },

    "sex": {

        "LongName": "",

        "Description": "sex of the participant as reported by the participant",

        "Levels": {

            "M": "male",

            "F": "female"

        }

    },

    "group": {

        "LongName": "",

        "Description": "experimental group the participant belonged to",

        "Levels": {

            "control": "control",

            "patient": "patient"

        }

    }

}

"""

    participants_tsv = """participant_id    age sex group

sub-01  34  M   control

sub-02  12  F   control

sub-03  33  F   patient

"""

    README = """# README

The README is usually the starting point for researchers using your data

and serves as a guidepost for users of your data. A clear and informative

README makes your data much more usable.

In general you can include information in the README that is not captured by some other

files in the BIDS dataset (dataset_description.json, events.tsv, ...).

It can also be useful to also include information that might already be

present in another file of the dataset but might be important for users to be aware of

before preprocessing or analysing the data.

If the README gets too long you have the possibility to create a `/doc` folder

and add it to the `.bidsignore` file to make sure it is ignored by the BIDS validator.

More info here: https://neurostars.org/t/where-in-a-bids-dataset-should-i-put-notes-about-individual-mri-acqusitions/17315/3

"""
```
Tokens:
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