Toga

https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
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Toga is a Python native, OS native, cross-platform GUI toolkit that provides a library of base...
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### Toga Dev Quick-Setup

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/index

Provides a quick setup guide for contributing code to Toga, including environment setup and basic steps.

```bash
git clone https://github.com/beeware/toga.git
cd toga
python -m venv env
. env/bin/activate
pip install -e .
python setup.py develop
```

--------------------------------

### Run Toga Demo App

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/get-started

This snippet demonstrates how to install Toga in a virtual environment and run the Toga demo application. The demo app showcases the full range of widgets available in Toga.

```Shell
$ python$
$ toga-demo

```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga (Basic)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Basic command to install Toga. However, it is strongly recommended to use a virtual environment for installation.

```shell
$ python
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga (Linux)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to install the Toga library into the active virtual environment on Linux. Includes a note about checking prerequisites if installation fails.

```console
(venv) $ python -m pip install toga
```

--------------------------------

### Install System Packages (FreeBSD)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Commands to install necessary system packages for Toga development on FreeBSD.

```bash
sudo pkg install python3 py39-cairo py39-gobject3
```

```bash
sudo pkg install python3 py39-cairo py39-gobject3
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga (Windows)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to install the Toga library into the activated virtual environment on Windows.

```powershell
(venv) C:\...>python -m pip install toga
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga (Windows)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to install the Toga library into the active virtual environment on Windows.

```doscon
(venv) C:\...>python -m pip install toga
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga Dummy Backend

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/testing

This snippet shows how to initiate the Python interpreter, which is the first step in manually installing the toga-dummy backend.

```python
$
python

```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga using Pip

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/tutorial/tutorial-0

Shows the command to install the Toga library using pip. It's recommended to install Toga within a virtual environment for better project management.

```console
$ python -m pip install toga
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga (macOS/Linux)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to install the Toga library into the activated virtual environment on macOS and Linux.

```bash
(venv) $ python -m pip install toga
```

--------------------------------

### Setup Virtual Environment (Windows)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/tutorial/tutorial-0

Commands to create a project directory, navigate into it, and set up a Python virtual environment on Windows.

```doscon
C:\...>mkdir toga-tutorial
C:\...>cd toga-tutorial
C:\...>py -m venv venv
C:\...>venv\Scripts\activate
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga from Source (Windows Command Prompt)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/code

Instructions for performing an editable install of Toga from its source code on Windows Command Prompt. This requires manually installing each package within the repository.

```batch
(.venv) C:\...>python -m pip install -e ./core[dev] -e ./dummy -e ./winforms -e ./travertino
```

--------------------------------

### Install toga-textual

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/terminal

Instructions for installing the toga-textual backend. It requires Python and may necessitate setting the TOGA_BACKEND environment variable if multiple Toga backends are installed.

```bash
$ python

```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga GTK Backend

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/linux

Manually installs the Toga GTK backend using Python.

```bash
$ python
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga (macOS)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to install the Toga library into the active virtual environment on macOS.

```console
(venv) $ python -m pip install toga
```

--------------------------------

### Install System Packages (Fedora)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to install required system packages for Toga development on Fedora Linux.

```bash
sudo dnf install python3-devel python3-pip cairo-devel gobject-introspection-devel gtk3-devel
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga from Source (macOS/Linux)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/code

Instructions for performing an editable install of Toga from its source code on macOS and Linux. This requires manually installing each package within the repository.

```bash
(.venv) $ python -m pip install -e ./core[dev]
```

--------------------------------

### Install toga-textual

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/platforms/terminal

Installs the toga-textual backend using pip. This command is executed in the console.

```console
$ python -m pip install toga-textual
```

--------------------------------

### Install System Packages (OpenSUSE Tumbleweed)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to install required system packages for Toga development on OpenSUSE Tumbleweed, including GTK3 typelib.

```bash
sudo zypper install python3-devel python3-pip libcairo-devel gobject-introspection-devel 'typelib(Gtk)=3.0'
```

--------------------------------

### Install System Packages (Arch/Manjaro)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to install necessary system packages for Toga development on Arch Linux and Manjaro.

```bash
sudo pacman -Syu python python-pip cairo gobject-introspection gtk3
```

--------------------------------

### Install GTK Dependencies on FreeBSD

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/linux

Installs the necessary GTK development libraries on FreeBSD systems.

```bash
(venv) $ sudo
```

```bash
(venv) $ sudo
```

--------------------------------

### Install System Packages (Ubuntu/Debian)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Commands to install necessary system packages for Toga development on Ubuntu and Debian-based Linux distributions. It includes specific versions for older Debian releases.

```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3-dev python3-pip libcairo2-dev libgirepository1.0-dev gir1.2-gtk-3.0
```

```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3-dev python3-pip libcairo2-dev libgirepository1.0-dev gir1.2-gtk-3.0
```

--------------------------------

### Install toga-web Manually

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/web

This snippet shows how to manually install the toga-web backend by adding it to your pyscript.toml configuration file. This is an alternative to using Briefcase for packaging.

```TOML
[tool.briefcase.app.my_app.web]
requires = [
    "toga-web"
]
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga Dummy Backend

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/platforms/testing

Installs the toga-dummy backend using pip, which is necessary for testing Toga applications without visual output.

```console
python -m pip install toga-dummy
```

--------------------------------

### TOML: Example initial_config.toml content

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/topics/file-management

This TOML code block provides an example structure for an 'initial_config.toml' file, including placeholders for project name, version, and author name, intended to be loaded by a Toga application.

```toml
# Update the following to match your configuration
PROJECT_NAME = "Name"
PROJECT_VERSION = "v0.0.0"
AUTHOR_NAME = "Your Name"
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga Windows Backend

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/platforms/windows

Manually install the toga-winforms package using pip. This command ensures you have the necessary components for the Toga Windows backend.

```console
$ python -m pip install toga-winforms
```

--------------------------------

### Install Release from TestPyPI and Test

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/internal/release

Creates a virtual environment, activates it, installs the new Toga release from TestPyPI, and runs the 'toga-demo' application. This is a crucial step for pre-release testing.

```console
python3 -m venv testvenv
. ./testvenv/bin/activate
(testvenv) pip install --extra-index-url https://test.pypi.org/simple/ toga==1.2.3
(testvenv) toga-demo
```

--------------------------------

### Start the main app loop

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

This code block ensures that the `main()` function is called when the script is executed directly, and then starts the main application loop, which keeps the app running and responsive to user input.

```Python
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main().main_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Install Briefcase and Run Testbed App (Windows)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/contribute/code

Installs the Briefcase package and runs the Toga testbed application in developer test mode on Windows. This verifies backend behavior using the core API.

```doscon
(.venv) C:\...>python -m pip install briefcase
(.venv) C:\...>cd testbed
(.venv) C:\...>briefcase dev --test
```

--------------------------------

### Install toga-web with PyScript

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/platforms/web

To manually install the toga-web backend, add 'toga-web' to your pyscript.toml configuration file. This enables the web deployment capabilities for your Toga application.

```TOML
[pyscript]
packages = ["toga-web"]
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga with pip

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/about/philosophy

Toga can be installed directly using pip, requiring no additional compilation or complex setup. This makes it readily available for use in Python projects.

```bash
pip install toga
```

--------------------------------

### Custom Validator Example

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/api/resources/validators

Demonstrates how to create a custom validator function in Python. The function accepts a string value and returns None if validation passes, or an error message string if it fails. This example checks if the input starts with 'Hello'.

```python
def must_say_hello(value):
    if value.lower().startswith("hello"):
        return None
    return "Why didn't you say hello?"

```

--------------------------------

### Get ImageView as Image

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/api/widgets/imageview

Retrieves the image content from an ImageView in a specified format. Supports default Image format, PIL.Image.Image if Pillow is installed, and other format plugins.

```Python
as_image(_format=toga.Image_)
```

--------------------------------

### Setup Virtual Environment (Linux)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/tutorial/tutorial-0

Commands to create a project directory, navigate into it, and set up a Python virtual environment on Linux.

```console
mkdir toga-tutorial
cd toga-tutorial
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
```

--------------------------------

### Toga App Structure with File Operations

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/topics/file-management

This Python code sets up a basic Toga application with text input and buttons for loading and saving configuration. It utilizes `pathlib` for path management, although the specific file operations are handled in the button press callbacks (not shown here). This example is part of a larger guide on file management in Toga.

```python
from pathlib import Path

import toga
from toga.style.pack import COLUMN


class ConfigFileCreator(toga.App):
    def startup(self):
        self.text_input = toga.MultilineTextInput()
        self.config_path_output = toga.TextInput(readonly=True)

        load_button = toga.Button(
            text="Load initial configuration",
            on_press=self.load_button_pressed,
            margin=20,
        )
        save_button = toga.Button(
            text="Save user configuration",
            on_press=self.save_button_pressed,
            margin=20,
        )

        main_box = toga.Box(
            direction=COLUMN,
            children=[
                self.text_input,
                self.config_path_output,
                load_button,
                save_button
            ],
        )

```

--------------------------------

### Toga Dev Quick-Setup (Windows)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/code

This snippet provides the command-line instructions to quickly set up the Toga development environment on Windows. It involves cloning the repository, creating a virtual environment, installing development dependencies, and setting up pre-commit hooks.

```batch
C:\...>git clone https://github.com/beeware/toga.git
C:\...>cd toga
C:\...>py -m venv .venv
C:\...>.venv\Scripts\activate
(.venv) C:\...>python -m  pip install -e "./core[dev]" -e ./dummy -e ./winforms -e ./travertino
(.venv) C:\...>pre-commit install
```

--------------------------------

### Setup Virtual Environment (macOS)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/tutorial/tutorial-0

Commands to create a project directory, navigate into it, and set up a Python virtual environment on macOS.

```console
mkdir toga-tutorial
cd toga-tutorial
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga GTK Backend

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/platforms/linux

Installs the Toga GTK backend using pip. This command requires Python 3.9+ and GTK 3.22 or newer to be installed on the system.

```console
$ python -m pip install toga-gtk
```

--------------------------------

### Pre-release Testing

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/internal/release

This section demonstrates setting up a virtual environment, installing a specific release version from TestPyPI, and running the 'toga-demo' application. It also includes a placeholder for additional manual checks.

```bash
python3 -m venv testvenv
. testvenv/bin/activate
pip install toga==1.2.3
toga-demo
#... any other manual checks you want to perform ...
```

--------------------------------

### Create and Activate Virtual Environment (Windows)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

This snippet demonstrates the commands to create a new directory, navigate into it, and set up a Python virtual environment for Toga development on Windows systems using the Python executable.

```powershell
mkdir toga-tutorial
cd toga-tutorial
py -m venv venv
venv\Scripts\activate
```

--------------------------------

### Toga Documentation Build

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/index

Instructions for building Toga's documentation locally.

```bash
cd docs
make html
```

--------------------------------

### Start ActivityIndicator

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/api/widgets/activityindicator

Starts the activity indicator. If the indicator is already running, this method has no effect.

```python
indicator.start()
```

--------------------------------

### Quick-Setup Dev Environment for Toga (Windows)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/contribute/code

This snippet provides the console commands to quickly set up the Toga development environment on Windows. It includes cloning the repository, creating and activating a virtual environment, installing Toga with development dependencies, and setting up pre-commit hooks.

```doscon
C:\...>git clone https://github.com/beeware/toga.git
C:\...>cd toga
C:\...>py -m venv .venv
C:\...>.venv\Scripts\activate
(.venv) C:\...>python -m  pip install -e "./core[dev]" -e ./dummy -e ./winforms -e ./travertino
(.venv) C:\...>pre-commit install
```

--------------------------------

### Toga Dev Quick-Setup (macOS/Linux)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/code

This snippet provides the command-line instructions to quickly set up the Toga development environment on macOS and Linux. It involves cloning the repository, creating a virtual environment, installing development dependencies, and setting up pre-commit hooks.

```bash
git clone https://github.com/beeware/toga.git
cd toga
python3 -m venv .venv
(.venv) $ python -m pip install -e "./core[dev]"
(.venv) $ pre-commit install
```

--------------------------------

### Create and Activate Virtual Environment (macOS/Linux)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

This snippet shows the commands to create a new directory, navigate into it, and set up a Python virtual environment for Toga development on macOS and Linux systems.

```bash
mkdir toga-tutorial
cd toga-tutorial
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
```

--------------------------------

### Quick-Setup Dev Environment for Toga (Linux)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/contribute/code

This snippet provides the console commands to quickly set up the Toga development environment on Linux. It includes cloning the repository, creating and activating a virtual environment, installing Toga with development dependencies, and setting up pre-commit hooks.

```console
$ git clone https://github.com/beeware/toga.git
$ cd toga
$ python3 -m venv .venv
$ . .venv/bin/activate
(.venv) $ python -m pip install -e "./core[dev]" -e ./dummy -e ./gtk -e ./travertino
(.venv) $ pre-commit install
```

--------------------------------

### Install GTK Dependencies on Fedora

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/linux

Installs necessary GTK development libraries on Fedora systems.

```bash
(venv) $ sudo
```

--------------------------------

### Install toga-winforms

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/windows

Manual installation command for the toga-winforms backend. This command is run within a Python interpreter.

```shell
$ python

```

--------------------------------

### Quick-Setup Dev Environment for Toga (macOS)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/contribute/code

This snippet provides the console commands to quickly set up the Toga development environment on macOS. It includes cloning the repository, creating and activating a virtual environment, installing Toga with development dependencies, and setting up pre-commit hooks.

```console
$ git clone https://github.com/beeware/toga.git
$ cd toga
$ python3 -m venv .venv
$ . .venv/bin/activate
(.venv) $ python -m pip install -e "./core[dev]" -e ./dummy -e ./cocoa -e ./travertino
(.venv) $ pre-commit install
```

--------------------------------

### Install GTK Dependencies on Arch / Manjaro

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/linux

Installs required GTK development libraries on Arch Linux and Manjaro.

```bash
(venv) $ sudo
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga macOS Backend

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/macOS

This snippet shows how to manually install the toga-cocoa backend on macOS. It assumes you are in a Python environment.

```bash
$ python
```

--------------------------------

### Toga App with CSS-like Layout and Startup Method

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/tutorial/tutorial-2

This Python code demonstrates a Toga application utilizing a CSS-inspired layout engine for widget arrangement. It showcases the `startup()` method for initializing the main window and its content, including advanced widgets like `Table`, `SplitContainer`, and `ScrollContainer`. The example also illustrates adding CSS styles directly in the widget constructor and configuring window toolbars.

```python
from toga import App, Window, Table, ScrollContainer, SplitContainer
from toga.style import Pack
from toga.style.pack import COLUMN, ROW

class TutorialApp(App):
    def startup(self):
        # Main window setup
        main_window = Window(title='Tutorial 2')
        self.main_window = main_window

        # Example widgets
        table = Table([
            {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30},
            {'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25},
        ], headings=['Name', 'Age'])

        scroll_container = ScrollContainer(content=table, style=Pack(flex=1))

        # Placeholder for another widget in SplitContainer
        placeholder_widget = ScrollContainer(content=Table([{'col1': 'data1', 'col2': 'data2'}], headings=['Col1', 'Col2']), style=Pack(flex=1))

        split_container = SplitContainer(
            content=placeholder_widget,
            sash_gravity=0.5,
            vertical=False,
            style=Pack(flex=1)
        )

        # Add scroll container to split container
        split_container.content = scroll_container

        # Set content of the main window
        main_window.content = split_container

        # Add toolbar
        main_window.toolbar.add(
            {'text': 'Action 1', 'on_press': self.action1_handler},
            {'text': 'Action 2', 'on_press': self.action2_handler}
        )

        main_window.show()

    def action1_handler(self, widget):
        print("Action 1 pressed")

    def action2_handler(self, widget):
        print("Action 2 pressed")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = TutorialApp()
    app.main_loop()

```

--------------------------------

### Create and Display a Toga Window

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/api/window

Demonstrates how to instantiate a Toga Window, set its content, and make it visible. It also shows how to update the window's content after initial display.

```python
import toga

window = toga.Window()
window.content = toga.Box(children=[...])
window.show()

# Change the window's content to something new
window.content = toga.Box(children=[...])

```

--------------------------------

### Create Toga App by Subclassing

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/api/app

Illustrates creating a Toga application by subclassing the Toga.App class and implementing the startup method. This is suitable for more complex applications where custom initialization logic is needed.

```python
import toga

class MyApp(toga.App):
    def startup(self):
        self.main_window = toga.MainWindow()
        self.main_window.content = toga.Box(children=[toga.Label("Hello!")])
        self.main_window.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = MyApp("Realistic App", "org.beeware.realistic")
    app.main_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Create Toga App with Startup Content

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/api/app

Shows how to create a Toga application and populate its main window with content defined by a startup function. The startup function returns the UI elements to be displayed.

```python
import toga

def create_content(app):
    return toga.Box(children=[toga.Label("Hello!")])

app = toga.App("Simple App", "com.example.simple", startup=create_content)
app.main_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Install Enchant on Linux (Fedora)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/docs

Installs the Enchant spell-checking library on Fedora Linux using the dnf package manager.

```shell
$ sudo dnf install enchant2-devel

```

--------------------------------

### Install toga-cocoa

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/platforms/macOS

Installs the toga-cocoa backend for Toga on macOS. This command requires Python 3.9+ and macOS 11 or newer.

```Console
python -m pip install toga-cocoa
```

--------------------------------

### Start Application Main Loop

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/api/app

Starts the application's main loop. On desktop, this blocks until exit; on mobile/web, it returns immediately.

```Python
main_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Instantiate the Toga app

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

This function creates an instance of the Toga application, providing the app's name, identifier, and the function that builds the UI.

```Python
def main():
    return toga.App("First App", "org.beeware.toga.tutorial", startup=build)
```

--------------------------------

### Run Toga App (Post-Installation)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

Command to run a Toga application after Toga has been installed, typically within an active virtual environment.

```shell
(venv) $ python
```

--------------------------------

### Install GTK Dependencies on OpenSUSE Tumbleweed

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/linux

Installs GTK development libraries on OpenSUSE Tumbleweed, including a specific typelib command.

```bash
(venv) $ sudo'typelib(Gtk)=3.0'
```

--------------------------------

### Install GTK Dependencies on Ubuntu 24.04+

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/platforms/linux

Installs necessary GTK development libraries on Ubuntu 24.04 and newer Debian-based systems.

```bash
(venv) $ sudo
```

--------------------------------

### Create Toga Hello World App in Python

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-0

This code creates a simple Toga application with a button that, when pressed, prints "hello" to the console. It demonstrates the basic structure of a Toga app, including defining a button handler and building the user interface.

```Python
import toga


def button_handler(widget):
    print("hello")


def build(app):
    box = toga.Box()

    button = toga.Button("Hello world", on_press=button_handler)
    button.style.margin = 50
    button.style.flex = 1
    box.add(button)

    return box


def main():
    return toga.App("First App", "org.beeware.toga.examples.tutorial", startup=build)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main().main_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Install Enchant on Linux (OpenSUSE Tumbleweed)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/docs

Installs the Enchant spell-checking library on OpenSUSE Tumbleweed using the zypper package manager.

```shell
$ sudo zypper install libenchant-2-2

```

--------------------------------

### Live Preview Toga Documentation

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/contribute/docs

Starts a live preview server for Toga's documentation using tox with the 'docs-live' environment. This command rebuilds documentation on file changes and refreshes the browser.

```console
(venv) $ tox -e docs-live
```

```doscon
(venv) C:\...>tox -e docs-live
```

--------------------------------

### Toga App Initialization and Command Management

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/tutorial-2

This Python code snippet demonstrates the initialization of a Toga application, including adding commands to the application's command list and associating them with a main window's toolbar. It shows how commands are ordered and implicitly added to the app when added to a toolbar.

```python
        self.commands.add(cmd1, cmd0, cmd6, cmd4, cmd5, cmd3)

        self.main_window = toga.MainWindow()
        # Command 2 has not been *explicitly* added to the app. Adding it to
        # a toolbar implicitly adds it to the app.
        self.main_window.toolbar.add(cmd1, cmd3, cmd2, cmd4)
        self.main_window.content = split

        self.main_window.show()


def main():
    return Tutorial2App("Tutorial 2", "org.beeware.toga.examples.tutorial")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main().main_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga Dependencies from Source (Windows)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/contribute/code

Installs Toga and its development dependencies from local source directories using pip. This command is specific to Windows environments.

```doscon
(.venv) C:\...>python -m pip install -e ./core[dev] -e ./dummy -e ./winforms -e ./travertino
```

--------------------------------

### Live Documentation Preview with Tox

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/docs

Starts a web server to serve documentation and watches for file system changes. It rebuilds and refreshes the browser automatically when changes are detected. This mode primarily monitors the 'docs' directory.

```shell
(venv) $ tox
```

```shell
(venv) $ tox
```

```shell
(venv) C:\...>tox -e docs-live
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga Dependencies from Source (Linux)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/contribute/code

Installs Toga and its development dependencies from local source directories using pip. This command is specific to Linux environments.

```console
(.venv) $ python -m pip install -e "./core[dev]" -e ./dummy -e ./gtk -e ./travertino
```

--------------------------------

### Create Simplest Toga App

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/reference/api/app

Demonstrates the most basic way to create and run a Toga application. It initializes the App with a name and ID, then starts the main event loop.

```python
import toga

app = toga.App("Simplest App", "com.example.simplest")
app.main_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Install Toga Dependencies from Source (macOS)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/how-to/contribute/code

Installs Toga and its development dependencies from local source directories using pip. This command is specific to macOS environments.

```console
(.venv) $ python -m pip install -e "./core[dev]" -e ./dummy -e ./cocoa -e ./travertino
```

--------------------------------

### Toga App Subclassing with Startup Method

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference/api/app

Illustrates a more complex app structure by subclassing the toga.App class and implementing the startup() method. This method is responsible for defining the main window and its content, and must be called within the if __name__ == '__main__': block.

```Python
import toga

classMyApp(toga.App):
    defstartup(self):
        self.main_window = toga.MainWindow()
        self.main_window.content = toga.Box(children=[toga.Label("Hello!")])
        self.main_window.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = MyApp("Realistic App", "org.beeware.realistic")
    app.main_loop()
```

--------------------------------

### Install Enchant on Linux (Arch/Manjaro)

Source: https://toga.readthedocs.io/en/stable/how-to/contribute/docs

Installs the Enchant spell-checking library on Arch Linux and its derivatives like Manjaro using the pacman package manager.

```shell
$ sudo pacman -S enchant

```
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