Tcpreplay

http://tcpreplay.appneta.com
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Tcpreplay is a suite of free open source utilities for editing and replaying previously captured...
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### Configure, Build, and Install Tcpreplay

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/installation.html

Standard commands to configure the build, compile the source code, and install Tcpreplay on a Unix-like system after prerequisites are met.

```bash
./configure
make
sudo make install
```

--------------------------------

### Run Tcpreplay Installation Tests

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/installation.html

Execute the test suite to verify that the Tcpreplay installation is functional and all components are working correctly.

```bash
sudo make test
```

--------------------------------

### Install Build Prerequisites on Debian/Ubuntu

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/installation.html

Install essential build tools and the libpcap development library required for compiling Tcpreplay on Debian-based systems.

```bash
sudo apt-get install build-essential libpcap-dev
```

--------------------------------

### tcpliveplay Example with Specific Source Port

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcpliveplay

Example of running tcpliveplay with a specified device, pcap file, destination IP and MAC, and a specific source port.

```bash
# tcpliveplay eth0 sample2.pcap 192.168.1.5 52:51:01:12:38:02 52178
```

--------------------------------

### tcpliveplay Example with Random Source Port

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcpliveplay

Example of running tcpliveplay with a specified device, pcap file, destination IP and MAC, and a random source port.

```bash
# tcpliveplay eth0 sample1.pcap 192.168.1.5 52:51:01:12:38:02 random
```

--------------------------------

### Install netmap Kernel Module and Driver

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/howto.html

This script temporarily installs the netmap_lin kernel module and the netmap-enabled ixgbe driver. It assumes the netmap and ixgbe modules are compiled and available.

```bash
#!/bin/sh
ifdown eth6
ifdown eth7
rmmod ixgbe
rmmod netmap_lin
insmod ./netmap_lin.ko
mknod /dev/netmap c 10 59
modprobe mdio
insmod ./ixgbe.ko
ifup eth6
ifup eth7


```

--------------------------------

### Configure Tcpreplay with netmap Support

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/howto.html

Run the configure script to check for netmap support. This step verifies if netmap is installed and accessible in the default location.

```bash
./configure

 ...

##########################################################################
             TCPREPLAY Suite Configuration Results (4.0.0)
##########################################################################
libpcap:                    /usr (>= 0.9.6)
libdnet:                    no ()
autogen:                    /usr/local/bin/autogen (5.16.2)
Use libopts tearoff:        yes
64bit counter support:      yes
tcpdump binary path:        /usr/sbin/tcpdump
fragroute support:          no
tcpbridge support:          yes
tcpliveplay support:        yes

Supported Packet Injection Methods (*):
Linux TX_RING:              no
Linux PF_PACKET:            yes
BSD BPF:                    no
libdnet:                    no
pcap_inject:                yes
pcap_sendpacket:            yes **
Linux/BSD netmap:           yes /usr/src/netmap-release


```

--------------------------------

### Reduce Flows Per Second with Tcpreplay

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/howto.html

Use the --mbps option to limit the traffic rate. This example sets the rate to approximately 50Kfps.

```bash
tcpreplay -i eth7 -K --mbps 3500 --loop 50 --unique-ip bigFlows.pcap 
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 39580750 packets (17770889200 bytes) sent in 40.06 seconds.
Rated: 437499777.1 Bps, 3499.99 Mbps, 974434.59 pps
Flows: 2034300 flows, 50082.23 fps, 39558950 flow packets, 21800 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth7
	Attempted packets:         39580750
	Successful packets:        39580750
	Failed packets:            0
	Truncated packets:         0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0

```

--------------------------------

### Tcpreplay 10GigE Wire-Speed Replay Example

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/tcpreplay/news/2014/01/05/4-0-0.html

Illustrates achieving near 10GigE wire speed with Tcpreplay using the netmap driver and unique IP generation. This configuration is suitable for high-throughput packet replay scenarios.

```bash
# tcpreplay --preload-pcap -i eth0 --loop 500 -t --unique-ip --netmap smallFlows.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth0 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 7130500 packets (4608265500 bytes) sent in 3.08 seconds.
Rated: 1197981408.4 Bps, 9583.85 Mbps, 1853670.63 pps
Flows: 604500 flows, 157148.01 fps, 7121500 flow packets, 9000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth0
	Attempted packets: 7130500
	Successful packets: 7130500
	Failed packets: 0
	Truncated packets: 0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN): 0
Switching network driver for eth0 to normal mode... done!</span>
```

--------------------------------

### Example iptables Rule

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcpliveplay

An example of suppressing kernel RST flags using iptables with specific IP addresses and a destination port.

```bash
# sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -s 10.0.2.15 -d 192.168.1.10 --dport 80 -j DROP
```

--------------------------------

### Run Tcpliveplay Example

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcpliveplay

Demonstrates how to use tcpliveplay to replay a pcap file. Requires root privileges. Specify the network interface, pcap file, target IP, target MAC address, and optionally a mode (e.g., 'random').

```bash
yhsiam:~$ sudo tcpliveplay eth0 sample1.pcap 192.168.1.5 52:51:01:12:38:02 random
[sudo] password for yhsiam: 
new source port:: 61487
Random Local SEQ: 859480898
Packets Scheduled 11
Sending Local Packet............... 	[1]
Receiving Packets from remote host...
Received Remote Packet............... 	[2]
Remote Pakcet Expectation met.
Proceeding in replay....
Sending Local Packet............... 	[3]
Sending Local Packet............... 	[4]
Receiving Packets from remote host...
>Received a Remote Packet
>>Checking Expectations
Received Remote Packet............... 	[5]
Remote Packet Expectation met.
Proceeding in replay....
Receiving Packets from remote host...
>Received a Remote Packet
>>Checking Expectations
Received Remote Packet............... 	[6]
Remote Packet Expectation met.
Proceeding in replay....
Sending Local Packet............... 	[7]
Sending Local Packet............... 	[8]
Receiving Packets from remote host...
>Received a Remote Packet
>>Checking Expectations
Received Remote Packet............... 	[9]
Remote Packet Expectation met.
Proceeding in replay....
Receiving Packets from remote host...
>Received a Remote Packet
>>Checking Expectations
Received Remote Packet............... 	[10]
Remote Packet Expectation met.
Proceeding in replay....
Sending Local Packet............... 	[11]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- CONGRATS!!! You have successfully Replayed your pcap file ' sample1.pcap'  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------TCP Live Play Summary----------------
- Packets Scheduled to be Sent & Received: 	    11   
- Actual Packets Sent & Received:                   11   
- Total Local Packet Re-Transmissions due to packet       
- loss and/or differing payload size than expected: 5   
- Thank you for Playing, Play again!                      
----------------------------------------------------------

```

--------------------------------

### Run tcpreplay at near wire speed

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

Use the --preload-pcap option for better performance. This example sends packets at near wire speed.

```bash
# tcpreplay --preload-pcap -i eth0 --loop 500 -t --unique-ip --netmap smallFlows.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth0 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 7130500 packets (4608265500 bytes) sent in 3.08 seconds.
Rated: 1197981408.4 Bps, 9583.85 Mbps, 1853670.63 pps
Flows: 604500 flows, 157148.01 fps, 7121500 flow packets, 9000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth0
    Attempted packets: 7130500
    Successful packets: 7130500
    Failed packets: 0
    Truncated packets: 0
    Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
    Retried packets (EAGAIN): 0
Switching network driver for eth0 to normal mode... done!
```

--------------------------------

### tcpcapinfo Example Output

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcpcapinfo

This example shows the output of tcpcapinfo when analyzing a pcap file, including file header details and per-packet information such as original length, captured length, timestamp, and checksum.

```bash
$ tcpcapinfo smallFlows.pcap | head -n 30
file size   = 9444731 bytes
magic       = 0xa1b2c3d4 (tcpdump) (little-endian)
version     = 2.4
thiszone    = 0x00000000
sigfigs     = 0x00000000
snaplen     = 65535
linktype    = 0x00000001
Packet	OrigLen		Caplen		Timestamp	Csum	Note
1	 997		 997		4d3f1be6.76439	a413bd	OK
2	 440		 440		4d3f1be6.7d8ca	504113	OK
3	  66		  66		4d3f1be6.acec4	8db5c	OK
4	  54		  54		4d3f1be6.ae468	9c35b	OK
5	  66		  66		4d3f1be6.b1812	8db5c	OK
6	  54		  54		4d3f1be6.b1841	8e75c	OK
7	 998		 998		4d3f1be6.b19a3	a036c1	OK
8	  54		  54		4d3f1be6.b677e	8e75c	OK
9	  60		  60		4d3f1be6.b6bc3	7e75d	OK
10	 541		 541		4d3f1be6.b9cf8	65fffd	OK
11	  54		  54		4d3f1be6.b9d50	7e75d	OK
12	  60		  60		4d3f1be6.bb339	7e75d	OK
13	  66		  66		4d3f1be6.e2980	9ae5b	OK
14	  66		  66		4d3f1be6.e7223	bae59	OK
15	  54		  54		4d3f1be6.e727c	aba5a	OK
16	 231		 231		4d3f1be6.e7577	200944	OK
17	  60		  60		4d3f1be6.ebe8b	aba5a	OK
18	1484		1484		4d3f1be6.ec419	e92376	OK
19	 345		 345		4d3f1be6.ec752	3b9728	OK
20	  54		  54		4d3f1be6.ec76f	9ba5b	OK
21	 329		 329		4d3f1be6.ed5a1	48a71b	OK
22	 280		 280		4d3f1be6.f27e8	3ad829	OK

```

--------------------------------

### Replay at Specific Speed (Mbps)

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcpreplay.html

Play back a pcap file at a specific megabits per second rate. This example also shows the resulting statistics.

```bash
# tcpreplay -i eth0 --mbps=510.5 smallFlows.pcap 
Actual: 14261 packets (9216531 bytes) sent in 0.144495 seconds.
Rated: 63784428.5 Bps, 510.27 Mbps, 98695.45 pps
Flows: 1209 flows, 8367.07 fps, 14243 flow packets, 18 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth0
	Attempted packets:         14261
	Successful packets:        14261
	Failed packets:            0
	Truncated packets:         0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0


```

--------------------------------

### Tcpreplay 10GigE Wire-Speed Replay with Netmap

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/tcpreplay/news/2013/12/20/4-0-beta1.html

Illustrates achieving near 10GigE wire speed replay rates using the netmap network driver and the --unique-ip option for flow generation. This example is suitable for high-throughput packet replay scenarios.

```bash
# tcpreplay --preload-pcap -i eth0 --loop 500 -t --unique-ip --netmap smallFlows.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth0 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 7130500 packets (4608265500 bytes) sent in 3.08 seconds.
Rated: 1197981408.4 Bps, 9583.85 Mbps, 1853670.63 pps
Flows: 604500 flows, 157148.01 fps, 7121500 flow packets, 9000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth0
	Attempted packets: 7130500
	Successful packets: 7130500
	Failed packets: 0
	Truncated packets: 0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN): 0
Switching network driver for eth0 to normal mode... done!

```

--------------------------------

### Send Packets with Tcpreplay (Tiny Packets)

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

Demonstrates sending a larger number of packets with tcpreplay, focusing on smaller packet sizes. This example highlights how packet size impacts packets per second (pps) and flows per second (fps) rates.

```bash
# tcpreplay -i eth7 -K --loop 50000 -M 9000 --unique-ip tiny-packets.pcap 
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 550000 packets (42600000 bytes) sent in 0.259064 seconds.
Rated: 164438131.1 Bps, 1315.50 Mbps, 2123027.51 pps
Flows: 100000 flows, 386005.00 fps, 300000 flow packets, 250000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth7
    Attempted packets:         550000
    Successful packets:        550000
    Failed packets:            0
    Truncated packets:         0
    Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
    Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0</span>
```

--------------------------------

### Add AppNeta PPA for Tcpreplay on Ubuntu

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/tcpreplay/news/2017/04/19/4-2-3.html

Use these commands to add the AppNeta PPA and update your package list to install the latest Tcpreplay version on Ubuntu.

```bash
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:appneta/ppa
sudo apt-get update

```

--------------------------------

### Tcpreplay 9500Mbps Speed Limit Example

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/tcpreplay/news/2014/01/05/4-0-0.html

Demonstrates limiting Tcpreplay's replay rate to a specific Mbps value using the -M option, while still utilizing netmap for performance. This is useful for testing network devices under controlled bandwidth conditions.

```bash
# tcpreplay --preload-pcap -i eth0 -l 500 -M 9500 --unique-ip --netmap smallFlows.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth0 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 7130500 packets (4608265500 bytes) sent in 3.08 seconds.
Rated: 1187498663.2 Bps, 9499.98 Mbps, 1837450.38 pps
Flows: 604500 flows, 155772.91 fps, 7121500 flow packets, 9000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth0
	Attempted packets:         7130500
	Successful packets:        7130500
	Failed packets:            0
	Truncated packets:         0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0
Switching network driver for eth0 to normal mode... done!</span>
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Tcpreplay with Custom netmap Path

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/howto.html

Configure Tcpreplay, specifying a custom path for the netmap source directory. This is necessary if netmap is not installed in the default location.

```bash
./configure --with-netmap=/home/fklassen/git/netmap/

 ...

##########################################################################
             TCPREPLAY Suite Configuration Results (4.0.0)
##########################################################################
libpcap:                    /usr (>= 0.9.6)
libdnet:                    no ()
autogen:                    /usr/local/bin/autogen (5.16.2)
Use libopts tearoff:        yes
64bit counter support:      yes
tcpdump binary path:        /usr/sbin/tcpdump
fragroute support:          no
tcpbridge support:          yes
tcpliveplay support:        yes

Supported Packet Injection Methods (*):
Linux TX_RING:              no
Linux PF_PACKET:            yes
BSD BPF:                    no
libdnet:                    no
pcap_inject:                yes
pcap_sendpacket:            yes **
Linux/BSD netmap:           yes /home/fklassen/git/netmap/


```

--------------------------------

### Send Packets with Tcpreplay (Small Flows)

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

Example of sending packets from a pcap file with tcpreplay, utilizing file caching and specific loop and rate limits. Observe the output statistics for packets sent and network throughput.

```bash
# tcpreplay -i eth7 -K --loop 5000 -M 9000 --unique-ip smallFlows.pcap
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 71305000 packets (46082655000 bytes) sent in 40.09 seconds.
Rated: 1124993518.4 Bps, 8999.94 Mbps, 1740734.40 pps
Flows: 6045000 flows, 147573.65 fps, 71215000 flow packets, 90000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth7
    Attempted packets:         71305000
    Successful packets:        71305000
    Failed packets:            0
    Truncated packets:         0
    Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
    Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0</span>
```

--------------------------------

### Start nProbe with Custom Fields

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/howto.html

Initiates nProbe to capture traffic on a specified interface (eth7) and configure custom fields for flow data. Ensure the specified interface exists and nProbe has necessary permissions.

```bash
# nprobe -T "%IPV4_SRC_ADDR %IPV4_DST_ADDR %IPV4_NEXT_HOP %INPUT_SNMP \n%OUTPUT_SNMP %IN_PKTS %IN_BYTES %FIRST_SWITCHED %LAST_SWITCHED %L4_SRC_PORT \n%L4_DST_PORT %TCP_FLAGS %PROTOCOL %SRC_TOS %SRC_AS %DST_AS %IPV4_SRC_MASK \n%IPV4_DST_MASK" -i eth7
```

--------------------------------

### Achieve high flows per second with tiny packets

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

When replaying pcap files with tiny packets, focus on flows per second (fps). This example demonstrates achieving a high fps rate.

```bash
# tcpreplay --preload-pcap -i eth0 -l50000 -t --unique-ip --netmap tiny-packets.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth0 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 550000 packets (42600000 bytes) sent in 0.054122 seconds.
Rated: 787110601.9 Bps, 6296.88 Mbps, 10162226.08 pps
Flows: 100000 flows, 1847677.46 fps, 300000 flow packets, 250000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth0
	Attempted packets:         550000
	Successful packets:        550000
	Failed packets:            0
	Truncated packets:         0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0
Switching network driver for eth0 to normal mode... done!
```

--------------------------------

### Run Tcpreplay with netmap for High Flow Rate

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/howto.html

Execute Tcpreplay using the --netmap option to leverage netmap bypass mode for increased packet sending rates. This example uses a pcap file with larger flows.

```bash
tcpreplay -i eth7 -tK --loop 50 --unique-ip --netmap bigFlows.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth7 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 39580750 packets (17770889200 bytes) sent in 15.00 seconds.
Rated: 1182219090.4 Bps, 9457.75 Mbps, 2633133.19 pps
Flows: 2034300 flows, 135333.03 fps, 39558950 flow packets, 21800 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth7
	Attempted packets:         39580750
	Successful packets:        39580750
	Failed packets:            0
	Truncated packets:         0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0
Switching network driver for eth7 to normal mode... done!


```

--------------------------------

### Directional IP Mapping with Pseudo-NAT

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcprewrite.html

Use multiple --pnat flags to apply different IP remapping rules based on packet direction. This example remaps 10.0.0.0/8 to different subnets for client and server traffic.

```bash
$ tcprewrite --pnat=10.0.0.0/8:192.168.0.0/24 --pnat=10.0.0.0/8:192.168.1.0/24 --cachefile=input.cache --infile=input.pcap --outfile=output.pcap --skipbroadcast
```

--------------------------------

### Tcpreplay High FPS with Tiny Packets Example

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/tcpreplay/news/2014/01/05/4-0-0.html

Shows how Tcpreplay achieves high flows per second (fps) when replaying pcap files containing tiny packets, even if the overall Mbps rate is lower. This highlights the importance of fps for certain traffic types.

```bash
# tcpreplay --preload-pcap -i eth0 -l50000 -t --unique-ip --netmap tiny-packets.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth0 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 550000 packets (42600000 bytes) sent in 0.054122 seconds.
Rated: 787110601.9 Bps, 6296.88 Mbps, 10162226.08 pps
Flows: 100000 flows, 1847677.46 fps, 300000 flow packets, 250000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth0
	Attempted packets:         550000
	Successful packets:        550000
	Failed packets:            0
	Truncated packets:         0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0
Switching network driver for eth0 to normal mode... done!</span>
```

--------------------------------

### Fix tcpedit_stub.def: Command not found Error

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

This error occurs when building from GitHub without GNU Autogen installed. Install autogen or use a source tarball.

```bash
Making all in tcpedit
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/acferen/tcpreplay-trunk/src/tcpedit'
tcpedit_stub.def
make[2]: tcpedit_stub.def: Command not found
make[2]: *** [tcpedit_stub.h] Error 127
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/acferen/tcpreplay-trunk/src/tcpedit'
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/acferen/tcpreplay-trunk/src'
make: *** [all] Error 2

```

--------------------------------

### Clone Tcpreplay Repository

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/contributions.html

Use this command to get a local copy of the Tcpreplay source code repository from GitHub.

```bash
git clone git@github.com:appneta/tcpreplay.git

```

--------------------------------

### Limit tcpreplay speed with -M option

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

Use the -M option to limit the replay speed in Mbps. This example limits the speed to 9500 Mbps.

```bash
# tcpreplay --preload-pcap -i eth0 -l 500 -M 9500 --unique-ip --netmap smallFlows.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth0 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 7130500 packets (4608265500 bytes) sent in 3.08 seconds.
Rated: 1187498663.2 Bps, 9499.98 Mbps, 1837450.38 pps
Flows: 604500 flows, 155772.91 fps, 7121500 flow packets, 9000 non-flow
Statistics for network device: eth0
	Attempted packets:         7130500
	Successful packets:        7130500
	Failed packets:            0
	Truncated packets:         0
	Retried packets (ENOBUFS): 0
	Retried packets (EAGAIN):  0
Switching network driver for eth0 to normal mode... done!
```

--------------------------------

### Use Netmap Drivers for Faster Tcpreplay

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

When Tcpreplay doesn't send traffic as fast as expected, try using netmap drivers with the `--netmap` option for improved performance, especially with small packets.

```bash
tcpreplay --netmap <pcap_file>
```

--------------------------------

### Enable dynamic linking on Fedora/RedHat

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

Newer Fedora/Red Hat versions only provide dynamic libraries. Use the --enable-dynamic-link flag with configure to link against them.

```bash
--enable-dynamic-link

```

--------------------------------

### Fix Autogen/libopts compilation issues

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/faq.html

Problems can arise from version mismatches between your installed Autogen/libopts and the version used by Tcpreplay. Enable local libopts during configuration to resolve this.

```bash
make[3]: Entering directory
`/root/services_from_source/tcpreplay-3.0.beta11/src/tcpedit'
if gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I../../src    -I.. -I../common -I../..   -g
-O2 -Wall -O2 -funroll-loops -std=gnu99 -MT tcpedit.o -MD -MP -MF
".deps/tcpedit.Tpo" -c -o tcpedit.o tcpedit.c; \
then mv -f ".deps/tcpedit.Tpo" ".deps/tcpedit.Po"; else rm -f
".deps/tcpedit.Tpo"; exit 1; fi
In file included from tcpedit.c:46:
tcpedit_stub.h:18:30: autoopts/options.h: No such file or directory
In file included from tcpedit.c:46:
tcpedit_stub.h:50: error: syntax error before "const"
tcpedit_stub.h:50: warning: type defaults to `int' in declaration of
`tcpedit_tcpedit_optDesc_p'
tcpedit.c:58: error: syntax error before "const"
tcpedit.c:58: warning: type defaults to `int' in declaration of
`tcpedit_tcpedit_optDesc_p'
make[3]: *** [tcpedit.o] Error 1

```

```bash
./configure --enable-local-libopts

```

--------------------------------

### Configure IP Fragmentation with frag.cfg

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcprewrite.html

Create a configuration file to specify the fragmentation size for IP packets. This method uses the fragroute engine to break down large packets into smaller pieces that fit within the MTU.

```text
ip_frag 1400
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Tcpreplay with Netmap Support

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/installation.html

Build Tcpreplay with Netmap support, specifying the Netmap source directory if it's not in a standard location. This enables bypassing the network driver for higher performance.

```bash
./configure --with-netmap=/home/fklassen/git/netmap
make
sudo make install
```

--------------------------------

### Edit IPv4 TOS/DiffServ/ECN Field

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcprewrite.html

Use the --tos flag to set the Type of Service (TOS) byte in IPv4 headers. This example sets the TOS to 50.

```bash
$ tcprewrite --tos=50 --infile=input.pcap --outfile=output.pcap
```

--------------------------------

### Basic tcpreplay Usage

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcpreplay.html

Replay a pcap file on a specified interface.

```bash
# tcpreplay -i eth0 sample.pcap

```

--------------------------------

### Remap TCP/UDP Ports

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcprewrite.html

Use the --portmap flag to remap TCP or UDP ports. This example changes traffic on port 80 to 8080 and port 22 to 8022.

```bash
$ tcprewrite --portmap=80:8080,22:8022 --infile=input.pcap --outfile=output.pcap
```

--------------------------------

### Edit IPv6 Flow Label Field

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcprewrite.html

Use the --flowlabel flag to set the Flow Label field in IPv6 headers. This example sets the Flow Label to 67234.

```bash
$ tcprewrite --flowlabel=67234 --infile=input.pcap --outfile=output.pcap
```

--------------------------------

### Run Tcpreplay with netmap for Maximum FPS

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/howto.html

Utilize Tcpreplay with the --netmap option on a pcap file containing smaller flows to achieve higher frames per second (fps). This demonstrates the impact of flow size on maximum achievable fps.

```bash
tcpreplay -i eth7 -tK --loop 50 --unique-ip --netmap smallFlows.pcap 
Switching network driver for eth7 to netmap bypass mode... done!
File Cache is enabled
Actual: 713050 packets (460826550 bytes) sent in 0.385312 seconds.

```

--------------------------------

### Edit IPv6 Traffic Class Field

Source: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/tcprewrite.html

Use the --tclass flag to modify the Traffic Class field in IPv6 headers. This example sets the Traffic Class to 33.

```bash
$ tcprewrite --tclass=33 --infile=input.pcap --outfile=output.pcap
```
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