### Programmatic Transaction Management Example

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/testcontext-framework/tx.html

Demonstrates starting, ending, flagging for commit, and checking the active state of test-managed transactions. Changes flagged for commit will be committed, while others will be rolled back.

```java
@ContextConfiguration(classes = TestConfig.class)
public class ProgrammaticTransactionManagementTests extends
		AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {

	@Test
	public void transactionalTest() {
		// assert initial state in test database:
		assertNumUsers(2);

		deleteFromTables("user");

		// changes to the database will be committed!
		TestTransaction.flagForCommit();
		TestTransaction.end();
		assertFalse(TestTransaction.isActive());
		assertNumUsers(0);

		TestTransaction.start();
		// perform other actions against the database that will
		// be automatically rolled back after the test completes...
	}

	protected void assertNumUsers(int expected) {
		assertEquals("Number of rows in the [user] table.", expected, countRowsInTable("user"));
	}
}

```

--------------------------------

### Basic MockRestServiceServer Setup (Kotlin)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/spring-mvc-test-client.html

Demonstrates the basic setup of MockRestServiceServer to mock a RestTemplate request and response in Kotlin. Use this for simple client-side testing.

```kotlin
val restTemplate = RestTemplate()

val mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).build()
mockServer.expect(requestTo("/greeting")).andRespond(withSuccess())

// Test code that uses the above RestTemplate ...

mockServer.verify()
```

--------------------------------

### Programmatic Transaction Management Example (Kotlin)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/testcontext-framework/tx.html

Demonstrates starting, ending, flagging for commit, and checking the active state of test-managed transactions in Kotlin. Changes flagged for commit will be committed, while others will be rolled back.

```kotlin
@ContextConfiguration(classes = [TestConfig::class])
class ProgrammaticTransactionManagementTests : AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests() {

	@Test
	fun transactionalTest() {
		// assert initial state in test database:
		assertNumUsers(2)

		deleteFromTables("user")

		// changes to the database will be committed!
		TestTransaction.flagForCommit()
		TestTransaction.end()
		assertFalse(TestTransaction.isActive())
		assertNumUsers(0)

		TestTransaction.start()
		// perform other actions against the database that will
		// be automatically rolled back after the test completes...
	}

	protected fun assertNumUsers(expected: Int) {
		assertEquals("Number of rows in the [user] table.", expected, countRowsInTable("user"))
	}
}

```

--------------------------------

### Argument Type Matching Examples

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/beans/dependencies/factory-method-injection.html

Examples demonstrating how to specify argument types for method replacement in XML. Short, unambiguous substrings of fully qualified type names are sufficient.

```xml
java.lang.String
String
Str
```

--------------------------------

### Basic MockRestServiceServer Setup (Java)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/spring-mvc-test-client.html

Demonstrates the basic setup of MockRestServiceServer to mock a RestTemplate request and response in Java. Use this for simple client-side testing.

```java
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

MockRestServiceServer mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).build();
mockServer.expect(requestTo("/greeting")).andRespond(withSuccess());

// Test code that uses the above RestTemplate ...

mockServer.verify();
```

--------------------------------

### Configure GET Request URI with Template Variable (Java)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/integration/rest-clients.html

Example of configuring a GET request URI using a string with a URI template variable and an integer value in Java.

```java
int id = 42;
restClient.get()
	.uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
	// ...
```

--------------------------------

### Kotlin Startup Step Instrumentation

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/beans/context-introduction.html

Example of creating and tagging a startup step in Kotlin for application context base package scanning.

```kotlin
val scanPackages = getApplicationStartup().start("spring.context.base-packages.scan")
scanPackages.tag("packages", () -> Arrays.toString(basePackages))
this.scanner.scan(basePackages)
scanPackages.end()
```

--------------------------------

### Java @BeforeTransaction Example

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-beforetransaction.html

Use this Java snippet to define a method that runs before a transaction is started. The method must be void and can be non-public.

```java
@BeforeTransaction
void beforeTransaction() {
	// logic to be run before a transaction is started
}
```

--------------------------------

### Java Startup Step Instrumentation

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/beans/context-introduction.html

Example of creating and tagging a startup step in Java for application context base package scanning.

```java
StartupStep scanPackages = getApplicationStartup().start("spring.context.base-packages.scan");
scanPackages.tag("packages", () -> Arrays.toString(basePackages));
this.scanner.scan(basePackages);
scanPackages.end();
```

--------------------------------

### Basic Context Hierarchy Configuration

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.html

Demonstrates a simple context hierarchy setup using @ContextHierarchy with XML configuration files.

```java
@ContextHierarchy(ContextConfiguration("/spring/soap-ws-config.xml"))
class SoapWebServiceTests : AbstractWebTests()
```

```java
@ContextHierarchy(ContextConfiguration("/spring/rest-ws-config.xml"))
class RestWebServiceTests : AbstractWebTests()
```

--------------------------------

### Build WebClient with Pre-configured MockMvc

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/mah.html

Sets up a WebClient by first configuring a MockMvc instance separately and then supplying it to MockMvcWebClientBuilder. This provides full MockMvc power.

```java
MockMvc mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
		.webAppContextSetup(context)
		.apply(springSecurity())
		.build();

webClient = MockMvcWebClientBuilder
		.mockMvcSetup(mockMvc)
		// for illustration only - defaults to ""
		.contextPath("")
		// By default MockMvc is used for localhost only;
		// the following will use MockMvc for example.com and example.org as well
		.useMockMvcForHosts("example.com","example.org")
		.build();

```

```kotlin
// Not possible in Kotlin until {kotlin-issues}/KT-22208 is fixed

```

--------------------------------

### Basic After Throwing Advice (Java)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/aop/ataspectj/advice.html

Use @AfterThrowing to run advice when a matched method execution exits by throwing an exception. This example shows a basic setup without specific exception handling.

```java
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;

@Aspect
public class AfterThrowingExample {

	@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
	public void doRecoveryActions() {
		// ...
	}
}
```

--------------------------------

### Kotlin SimpleJdbcCall for Stored Function

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/data-access/jdbc/simple.html

Illustrates the Kotlin equivalent of using SimpleJdbcCall to execute a stored function. It covers similar setup steps as the Java example, including JdbcTemplate configuration and function execution.

```kotlin
class JdbcActorDao(dataSource: DataSource) : ActorDao {

	private val jdbcTemplate = JdbcTemplate(dataSource).apply {
		isResultsMapCaseInsensitive = true
	}
	private val funcGetActorName = SimpleJdbcCall(jdbcTemplate)
			.withFunctionName("get_actor_name")

	fun getActorName(id: Long): String {
		val source = MapSqlParameterSource().addValue("in_id", id)
		return funcGetActorName.executeFunction(String::class.java, source)
	}

	// ... additional methods
}
```

--------------------------------

### Kotlin Implementation for Introduction Advice

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/aop/schema.html

The Kotlin method that implements the logic for the introduction advice. It is called when the advised method is executed.

```kotlin
fun recordUsage(usageTracked: UsageTracked) {
	usageTracked.incrementUseCount()
}
```

--------------------------------

### Basic After Throwing Advice (Kotlin)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/aop/ataspectj/advice.html

Use @AfterThrowing to run advice when a matched method execution exits by throwing an exception. This Kotlin example shows a basic setup without specific exception handling.

```kotlin
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing

@Aspect
class AfterThrowingExample {

	@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
	fun doRecoveryActions() {
		// ...
	}
}
```

--------------------------------

### Example Message in format.properties

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/beans/context-introduction.html

A sample message entry for the 'format' resource bundle, demonstrating how to define a key-value pair for message retrieval.

```properties
message=Alligators rock!
```

--------------------------------

### Get WebApplicationContext using FacesContextUtils

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/integration.html

This example demonstrates how to retrieve the Spring WebApplicationContext using FacesContextUtils by passing the current FacesContext instance. This is useful for explicitly accessing Spring beans within a JSF application.

```java
ApplicationContext ctx = FacesContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(FacesContext.getCurrentInstance());
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Database with SQL Scripts

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/data-access/jdbc/initializing-datasource.html

Use this snippet to run SQL scripts for creating schema and populating test data. Supports Ant-style resource patterns for script locations.

```xml
<jdbc:initialize-database data-source="dataSource">
	<jdbc:script location="classpath:com/foo/sql/db-schema.sql"/>
	<jdbc:script location="classpath:com/foo/sql/db-test-data.sql"/>
</jdbc:initialize-database>
```

--------------------------------

### Java Around Advice Example

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/aop/ataspectj/advice.html

Demonstrates a basic around advice in Java that profiles method execution. It invokes proceed() to run the advised method and returns its result.

```java
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;

@Aspect
public class AroundExample {

	@Around("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))")
	public Object doBasicProfiling(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
		// start stopwatch
		Object retVal = pjp.proceed();
		// stop stopwatch
		return retVal;
	}
}
```

--------------------------------

### Define HTTP Service Interface with Type-Level @HttpExchange

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/integration/rest-clients.html

Apply @HttpExchange at the interface level to set common attributes like URL, accept, and content types for all methods. This example includes methods for getting and updating a repository.

```java
@HttpExchange(url = "/repos/{owner}/{repo}", accept = "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
public interface RepositoryService {

	@GetExchange
	Repository getRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo);

	@PatchExchange(contentType = MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
	void updateRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo,
			@RequestParam String name, @RequestParam String description, @RequestParam String homepage);

}
```

--------------------------------

### Basic @Configuration and @Bean in Kotlin

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/beans/java/basic-concepts.html

Demonstrates the equivalent of the Java configuration using Kotlin. This shows how to define beans in a concise manner with Kotlin.

```kotlin
@Configuration
class AppConfig {

	@Bean
	fun myService(): MyServiceImpl {
		return MyServiceImpl()
	}
}
```

--------------------------------

### Client SEND Frame Example

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/websocket/stomp/overview.html

A client-side STOMP frame example for sending a trade request to the server.

```text
SEND
destination:/queue/trade
content-type:application/json
content-length:44

{"action":"BUY","ticker":"MMM","shares",44}^@
```

--------------------------------

### IntroductionAdvisor and IntroductionInfo Interfaces

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/aop-api/advice.html

Defines the advisor for introduction advice, including class filtering and interface information.

```java
public interface IntroductionAdvisor extends Advisor, IntroductionInfo {

	ClassFilter getClassFilter();

	void validateInterfaces() throws IllegalArgumentException;
}

public interface IntroductionInfo {

	Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
}
```

--------------------------------

### Client SUBSCRIBE Frame Example

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/websocket/stomp/overview.html

A client-side STOMP frame example for subscribing to a topic to receive stock quotes.

```text
SUBSCRIBE
id:sub-1
destination:/topic/price.stock.*

^@
```

--------------------------------

### Setup MockMvcWebClientBuilder

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/mah.html

Create an HtmlUnit WebClient that integrates with MockMvc. This setup is used for testing web application contexts.

```java
WebClient webClient;

@BeforeEach
void setup(WebApplicationContext context) {
	webClient = MockMvcWebClientBuilder
			.webAppContextSetup(context)
			.build();
}

```

```kotlin
lateinit var webClient: WebClient

@BeforeEach
fun setup(context: WebApplicationContext) {
	webClient = MockMvcWebClientBuilder
			.webAppContextSetup(context)
			.build()
}

```

--------------------------------

### Using <util:list/> for Concise List Creation

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/appendix/xsd-schemas.html

This example shows a more concise way to create a java.util.List using the <util:list/> element. It directly defines the list values.

```xml
<!-- creates a java.util.List instance with the supplied values -->
<util:list id="emails">
	<value>pechorin@hero.org</value>
	<value>raskolnikov@slums.org</value>
	<value>stavrogin@gov.org</value>
	<value>porfiry@gov.org</value>
</util:list>
```

--------------------------------

### Server MESSAGE Frame Example

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/websocket/stomp/overview.html

A server-side STOMP frame example for broadcasting a stock quote message to a subscribed client.

```text
MESSAGE
message-id:nxahklf6-1
subscription:sub-1
destination:/topic/price.stock.MMM

{"ticker":"MMM","price":129.45}^@
```

--------------------------------

### Kotlin TaskExecutor Example

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/integration/scheduling.html

Kotlin version of the TaskExecutor example. Uses a data class for the message and injects TaskExecutor via constructor.

```kotlin
class TaskExecutorExample(private val taskExecutor: TaskExecutor) {

	private inner class MessagePrinterTask(private val message: String) : Runnable {
		override fun run() {
			println(message)
		}
	}

	fun printMessages() {
		for (i in 0..24) {
			taskExecutor.execute(
				MessagePrinterTask(
					"Message$i"
				)
			)
		}
	}
}

```

--------------------------------

### Using classpath*: Prefix for Application Context (Kotlin)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/resources.html

Demonstrates how to load an application context using the classpath*: prefix in Kotlin, which loads all matching resources from the classpath.

```kotlin
val ctx = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath*:conf/appContext.xml")
```

--------------------------------

### Example WebLogic SQLException

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/data-access/orm/hibernate.html

An example of a SQLException that may occur in WebLogic Server when Hibernate is not properly configured with the JTA transaction manager.

```java
java.sql.SQLException: The transaction is no longer active - status: 'Committed'. No
further JDBC access is allowed within this transaction.
```

--------------------------------

### Using classpath*: Prefix for Application Context

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/resources.html

Demonstrates how to load an application context using the classpath*: prefix, which loads all matching resources from the classpath.

```java
ApplicationContext ctx =
	new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath*:conf/appContext.xml");
```

--------------------------------

### Create WebClient with Codec Configuration (Java)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/webflux-webclient/client-builder.html

Builds a WebClient instance with custom codec configurations. Use when specific codec settings are required.

```java
WebClient client = WebClient.builder()
		.codecs(configurer -> ... )
		.build();
```

--------------------------------

### Kotlin RouterFunction with GET and Accept Predicate

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/webflux-functional.html

Defines a router function that handles GET requests to '/hello-world' and accepts only 'text/plain' content.

```kotlin
val route = coRouter {
	GET("/hello-world", accept(TEXT_PLAIN)) {
		ServerResponse.ok().bodyValueAndAwait("Hello World")
	}
}
```

--------------------------------

### Java RouterFunction with GET and Accept Predicate

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/webflux-functional.html

Defines a router function that handles GET requests to '/hello-world' and accepts only 'text/plain' content.

```java
RouterFunction<ServerResponse> route = RouterFunctions.route()
	.GET("/hello-world", accept(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN),
		request -> ServerResponse.ok().bodyValue("Hello World")).build();
```

--------------------------------

### Basic Hello World Controller (Kotlin)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/webflux/controller.html

A simple Kotlin controller using @RestController and @GetMapping to handle requests to '/hello' and return a String response.

```kotlin
@RestController
class HelloController {

	@GetMapping("/hello")
	fun handle() = "Hello WebFlux"
}
```

--------------------------------

### Perform GET Request with Servlet Request Parameter

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/mockmvc/hamcrest/requests.html

Add query or form parameters to a GET request using the `param()` method.

```java
mockMvc.perform(get("/hotels").param("thing", "somewhere"));
```

--------------------------------

### Resource Location Example

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/resources.html

Illustrates a typical resource location path within a project structure.

```text
com/mycompany/package1/service-context.xml
```

--------------------------------

### Hibernate JTA Transaction Setup with JtaTransactionManager in LocalSessionFactoryBean

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/data-access/transaction/strategies.html

An alternative JTA setup where JtaTransactionManager is passed directly into LocalSessionFactoryBean to enforce JTA defaults.

```xml
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
	<property name="mappingResources">
		<list>
			<value>org/springframework/samples/petclinic/hibernate/petclinic.hbm.xml</value>
		</list>
	</property>
	<property name="hibernateProperties">
		<value>
			hibernate.dialect=${hibernate.dialect}
		</value>
	</property>
	<property name="jtaTransactionManager" ref="txManager"/>
</bean>

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager"/>
```

--------------------------------

### Java Implementation for Introduction Advice

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/core/aop/schema.html

The Java method that implements the logic for the introduction advice. It is called when the advised method is executed.

```java
public void recordUsage(UsageTracked usageTracked) {
	usageTracked.incrementUseCount();
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create and Connect SockJS Client

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/websocket/fallback.html

Demonstrates how to instantiate a SockJS client with WebSocket and XHR transports and connect to a SockJS endpoint.

```java
List<Transport> transports = new ArrayList<>(2);
transports.add(new WebSocketTransport(new StandardWebSocketClient()));
transports.add(new RestTemplateXhrTransport());

SockJsClient sockJsClient = new SockJsClient(transports);
sockJsClient.doHandshake(new MyWebSocketHandler(), "ws://example.com:8080/sockjs");
```

--------------------------------

### Perform GET Request with URI Template Query Parameter

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/testing/mockmvc/hamcrest/requests.html

Specify query parameters directly within the URI template for a GET request.

```java
mockMvc.perform(get("/hotels?thing={thing}", "somewhere"));
```

--------------------------------

### Create WebClient with Codec Configuration (Kotlin)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/web/webflux-webclient/client-builder.html

Builds a WebClient instance with custom codec configurations using Kotlin syntax. Use when specific codec settings are required.

```kotlin
val webClient = WebClient.builder()
		.codecs { configurer -> ... }
		.build()
```

--------------------------------

### Start RSocket Server with Responder (Kotlin)

Source: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/6.2/rsocket.html

Starts an RSocket server using the Kotlin RSocket API and plugs in the configured RSocketMessageHandler for responders.

```kotlin
import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean

val context: ApplicationContext = ...
val handler = context.getBean<RSocketMessageHandler>()

val server = RSocketServer.create(handler.responder())
		.bind(TcpServerTransport.create("localhost", 7000))
		.awaitSingle()

```