Schemdraw

https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
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### Create a Two-Port Network

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Example of initializing a custom two-port element with specific input and output branches.

```python
from schemdraw.elements.twoports import ElementTwoport
from schemdraw.elements import Resistor

twoport = ElementTwoport(input_element=Resistor(), output_element=Resistor(), box=True)
```

--------------------------------

### Instantiate Transistor Elements

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Examples of initializing various transistor classes in SchemDraw. These classes support parameters like bulk contacts and body diodes.

```python
from schemdraw.elements.transistors import NMos, PMos, NFet, PFet

# Instantiate a vertical NMOS with a body diode
nmos = NMos(diode=True)

# Instantiate a PFET with bulk contact enabled
pfet = PFet(bulk=True)
```

--------------------------------

### Placing Various Components on a Breadboard

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/pictorial.html

This example illustrates how to place a variety of standard electronic components onto a Schemdraw breadboard element. It shows the usage of different pictorial elements like CapacitorCeramic, LED, Diode, and Resistor, positioning them using breadboard anchor points.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    bb = pictorial.Breadboard().up()
    pictorial.CapacitorCeramic().at(bb.J1)
    pictorial.CapacitorMylar().at(bb.J4)
    pictorial.CapacitorElectrolytic().at(bb.J7)
    pictorial.TO92().at(bb.J10)
    pictorial.LED().at(bb.J13)
    pictorial.LEDOrange().at(bb.J16)
    pictorial.LEDYellow().at(bb.J19)
    pictorial.LEDGreen().at(bb.J22)
    pictorial.LEDBlue().at(bb.J25)
    pictorial.LEDWhite().at(bb.J28)
    pictorial.Diode().at(bb.F9).to(bb.F14)
    pictorial.Resistor().at(bb.F2).to(bb.F7)
    pictorial.DIP().at(bb.E18).up()
```

--------------------------------

### Import Raw WaveJSON String

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/timing.html

Uses the from_json method to parse raw WaveJSON strings, which is useful for importing examples directly from JavaScript/WaveDrom.

```python
logic.TimingDiagram.from_json('''{ signal: [
  { name: "clk",  wave: "P......" },
  { name: "bus",  wave: "x.==.=x", data: ["head", "body", "tail", "data"] },
  { name: "wire", wave: "0.1..0." }
]}''')
```

--------------------------------

### Create Data Bus Connections

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/connectors.html

Demonstrates drawing data bus connections using `BusConnect` and `BusLine`. `BusConnect` creates connections to individual lines within a bus, while `BusLine` extends the main bus line. Anchors `start` and `end` are available on `BusConnect`.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    J = elm.Header(rows=6)
    B = elm.BusConnect(n=6).at(J.pin1)
    elm.BusLine().down().at(B.end).length(3)
    B2 = elm.BusConnect(n=6).anchor('start').reverse()
    elm.Header(rows=6).at(B2.pin1).anchor('pin1')
```

--------------------------------

### Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) Variations

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

Provides examples for various BJT configurations including NPN, PNP, Schottky, and phototransistors, with options for circular representation.

```python
import schemdraw.elements as elm

d = schemdraw.Drawing()
d.add(elm.Bjt())
d.add(elm.BjtNpn())
d.add(elm.BjtPnp())
d.add(elm.Bjt(circle=True))
d.add(elm.BjtNpn(circle=True))
d.add(elm.BjtPnp(circle=True))
d.add(elm.BjtPnp2c())
d.add(elm.BjtPnp2c(circle=True))
d.add(elm.NpnSchottky())
d.add(elm.PnpSchottky())
d.add(elm.NpnPhoto())
d.add(elm.PnpPhoto())
```

--------------------------------

### Defining Geometric and Connection Elements

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Provides examples of instantiating basic geometric elements like Rect, Dot, and Gap. These are used for structural layout and labeling within a schematic.

```python
from schemdraw.elements import lines

# Basic elements
dot = lines.Dot(radius=0.075)
gap = lines.Gap(lblloc='center')
rect = lines.Rect(corner1=(0,0), corner2=(1,1))
```

--------------------------------

### GET /elements/style

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

Configures the global drawing style for electrical elements, such as switching between IEEE (U.S.) and IEC (European) standards.

```APIDOC
## GET /elements/style

### Description
Sets the global styling configuration for elements like Resistors and Fuses to either IEEE or IEC standards.

### Method
GET

### Endpoint
/elements/style

### Parameters
#### Query Parameters
- **style** (string) - Required - The style constant: 'STYLE_IEEE' or 'STYLE_IEC'.

### Request Example
{ "style": "STYLE_IEC" }

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **status** (string) - Confirmation of style update.

#### Response Example
{ "status": "success", "current_style": "IEC" }
```

--------------------------------

### Drawing Nixie Tubes with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

Shows how to draw Nixie tubes using Schemdraw, specifying the number of anodes, anode type, cathode type, and whether a grid is present. It includes an example of labeling each anode with a character.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    t = elm.NixieTube(anodes=12)
    for i in range(12):
        t.label(chr(ord('a')+i), f'anode{i}', halign='center', ofst=(0, .1))

    elm.NixieTube(anodes=6, anodetype='dot', cathode='cold', grid=True).at((0, -3.5))
```

--------------------------------

### Draw Capacitor Network with Endpoints

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/gallery/analog.html

Shows how to specify exact start and end points for components using the endpoints method. This is useful for creating complex parallel or series capacitor networks.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing() as d:
    d.config(fontsize=12)
    C1 = elm.Capacitor().label('8nF').idot().label('a', 'left')
    C2 = elm.Capacitor().label('18nF')
    C3 = elm.Capacitor().down().label('8nF', loc='bottom')
    C4 = elm.Capacitor().left().label('32nF')
    C5 = elm.Capacitor().label('40nF', loc='bottom').dot().label('b', 'left')
    C6 = elm.Capacitor().endpoints(C1.end, C5.start).label('2.8nF')
    C7 = (elm.Capacitor().endpoints(C2.end, C5.start)
              .label('5.6nF', loc='center', ofst=(-.3, -.1), halign='right', valign='bottom'))
```

--------------------------------

### Create a Basic Resistor Schematic with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/index.rst.txt

This Python code snippet demonstrates how to create a simple schemdraw drawing containing a single resistor. It utilizes the schemdraw library and its elements module to define the resistor's orientation and label. The 'with schemdraw.Drawing():' context manager ensures proper drawing setup.

```python
import schemdraw
from schemdraw import elements as elm

with schemdraw.Drawing():
    elm.Resistor().right().label('1Ω')
```

--------------------------------

### Customizing Pictorial Element Fill Color

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/pictorial.html

This example demonstrates how to change the fill color of a pictorial element, specifically an LED, using the `.fill()` method. This is necessary for solid shapes like LEDs, as `.color()` only affects the outline.

```python
pictorial.LED().fill('purple')
```

--------------------------------

### Define Asynchronous Signals in TimingDiagram

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/timing.html

Demonstrates how to use the 'async' parameter to define signal transitions that occur at non-integer period boundaries. The async list must contain one more element than the wave string length to define start and end points.

```python
logic.TimingDiagram(
    {'signal': [
        {'name': 'clk', 'wave': 'n......'},
        {'name': 'B', 'wave': '010', 'async': [0, 1.6, 4.25, 7]}]},
    risetime=.03)
```

--------------------------------

### Draw a Multi-Element Circuit Diagram with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_sources/index.rst.txt

This Python code demonstrates how to construct a more complex circuit diagram using Schemdraw. It sequentially adds a resistor, capacitor, a connecting line, and a voltage source, specifying their positions, orientations, and labels. The example highlights how subsequent elements connect to the endpoints of previous ones.

```python
import schemdraw
from schemdraw import elements as elm

with schemdraw.Drawing():
    elm.Resistor().right().label('1Ω')
    elm.Capacitor().down().label('10μF')
    elm.Line().left()
    elm.SourceSin().up().label('10V')
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize and Configure a Drawing

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/drawing.html

Demonstrates how to instantiate a new Drawing object and configure its global properties such as font size, line width, and units.

```python
import schemdraw
from schemdraw import elements as elm

d = schemdraw.Drawing()
d.config(fontsize=12, lw=1.5, unit=2.5)
# Add elements here
d.draw()
```

--------------------------------

### GET /api/schemdraw/logic-gates

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/index.html

Retrieves the list of supported logic gate components and digital signal processing elements.

```APIDOC
## GET /api/schemdraw/logic-gates

### Description
Returns the definitions for logic gates and DSP components available within the Schemdraw library.

### Method
GET

### Endpoint
/api/schemdraw/logic-gates

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **gates** (array) - List of logic gate classes

#### Response Example
{
  "gates": ["And", "Buf", "Not", "Or", "Schmitt", "Tristate"]
}
```

--------------------------------

### GET /logic/kmap

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/logic.html

Generates a Karnaugh Map visualization based on provided input names and truth table data.

```APIDOC
## GET /logic/kmap

### Description
Draws a K-Map with 2, 3, or 4 variables based on the provided truth table and grouping definitions.

### Method
GET

### Endpoint
/logic/kmap

### Parameters
#### Query Parameters
- **names** (string) - Required - 2-4 character string defining input names.
- **truthtable** (list) - Required - List of tuples defining values to display in each box.
- **groups** (dict) - Optional - Dictionary defining style parameters for circling groups.

### Request Example
{
  "names": "AB",
  "truthtable": [("00", "1"), ("01", "0")]
}

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **kmap** (object) - The rendered K-Map element.
```

--------------------------------

### Create a Custom Integrated Circuit with Ic

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/intcircuits.html

Demonstrates how to define an integrated circuit using the Ic class and IcPin objects. It shows how to specify pin names, sides, and custom anchor names for complex labels.

```python
JK = elm.Ic(pins=[elm.IcPin(name='>', pin='1', side='left'),
                  elm.IcPin(name='K', pin='16', side='left'),
                  elm.IcPin(name='J', pin='4', side='left'),
                  elm.IcPin(name=r'$\overline{Q}$', pin='14', side='right', anchorname='QBAR'),
                  elm.IcPin(name='Q', pin='15', side='right')],
            edgepadW = .5,
            pinspacing=1).label('HC7476', 'bottom', fontsize=12)
display(JK)
```

--------------------------------

### POST /elements/lines/annotate

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Creates an annotation element, which is a curved arrow pointing from a start position to an end position with a label.

```APIDOC
## POST /elements/lines/annotate

### Description
Draws a curved arrow pointing to a specific position, ending at a target position, with a label location at the tail of the arrow.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
/elements/lines/annotate

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **k** (float) - Optional - Control point factor. Higher k means tighter curve.
- **th1** (float) - Optional - Angle at which the arc leaves start point.
- **th2** (float) - Optional - Angle at which the arc leaves end point.
- **arrow** (string) - Optional - Arrowhead specifier (e.g., '->', '<->').
- **arrowlength** (float) - Optional - Length of arrowhead [default: 0.25].
- **arrowwidth** (float) - Optional - Width of arrowhead [default: 0.2].

### Request Example
{
  "k": 0.5,
  "arrow": "->"
}

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **id** (string) - The unique identifier of the created element.

#### Response Example
{
  "status": "success",
  "id": "annotate_001"
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create Basic Timing Diagram

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/timing.html

Demonstrates the basic instantiation of a TimingDiagram using a dictionary of signals defined by WaveJSON syntax.

```python
from schemdraw import logic

logic.TimingDiagram(
    {'signal': [
        {'name': 'A', 'wave': '0..1..01.'},
        {'name': 'B', 'wave': '101..0...'}]})
```

--------------------------------

### GET /api/schemdraw/elements

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/index.html

Retrieves the comprehensive list of available circuit elements, including sources, switches, lines, transistors, and integrated circuits.

```APIDOC
## GET /api/schemdraw/elements

### Description
Provides a structured list of all available circuit elements categorized by their function, such as Sources, Switches, Lines, Transistors, and Opamps.

### Method
GET

### Endpoint
/api/schemdraw/elements

### Parameters
#### Query Parameters
- **category** (string) - Optional - Filter elements by category (e.g., 'Transistors', 'LogicGates')

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **elements** (array) - List of available element class names

#### Response Example
{
  "elements": ["SourceV", "Switch", "Bjt", "Opamp", "And", "Box"]
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create a Basic Circuit Drawing

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable

Demonstrates how to initialize a drawing context and add a single resistor element with a label. This serves as the fundamental building block for constructing circuits in Schemdraw.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    elm.Resistor().right().label('1Ω')
```

--------------------------------

### Configure a Relay Element

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Shows how to initialize a relay element with specific switch configurations and visual properties.

```python
from schemdraw.elements.compound import Relay

relay = Relay(switch='spdt', core=True, box=True)
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize DSP Module

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/dsp.html

Import the necessary dsp module from the schemdraw library to access signal processing elements.

```python
from schemdraw import dsp
```

--------------------------------

### Create Custom DSP Element

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/dsp.html

Demonstrates how to create a generic square DSP element and apply a LaTeX label to represent a mathematical operation like integration.

```python
dsp.Square().label(r'$\int$')
```

--------------------------------

### Schemdraw SegmentText Transformation and Drawing

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/segments.html

Provides methods for SegmentText to be transformed and drawn. Includes methods for flipping, reversing, drawing onto a figure, and getting the bounding box.

```python
def doflip() -> None:
    """Vertically flip the element"""
    pass

def doreverse(_centerx: float) -> None:
    """Reverse the path (flip horizontal about the centerx point)"""
    pass

def draw(fig, transform, **style) -> None:
    """Draw the segment"""
    pass

def get_bbox() -> BBox:
    """Get bounding box (untransformed)"""
    return (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax)
```

--------------------------------

### Using Drawing Containers

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/drawing.html

Shows how to use the container context manager to group schematic elements together with a border.

```python
with d.container(cornerradius=0.5, padx=1.0, pady=1.0):
    d.add(elm.Resistor())
    d.add(elm.Capacitor())
```

--------------------------------

### Flowchart Blocks and Basic Connections

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/flow.html

Demonstrates the basic usage of flowchart elements like Terminal, Process, and Arrow, along with configuration options.

```APIDOC
## Flowchart Blocks and Basic Connections

### Description
This section shows how to use basic flowchart elements such as Terminal and Process, and connect them using Arrows. It also demonstrates configuring the drawing's font size and unit.

### Method
```python
from schemdraw import flow

with schemdraw.Drawing() as d:
    d.config(fontsize=10, unit=.5)
    flow.Terminal().label('Start')
    flow.Arrow()
    flow.Process().label('Do something').drop('E')
    flow.Arrow().right()
    flow.Process().label('Do something\nelse')
```

### Parameters
No specific parameters are detailed for this basic example, but it utilizes methods like `.label()` and `.drop()` on elements.
```

--------------------------------

### Drawing Generic and Specific Vacuum Tubes with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

Demonstrates creating generic and specific vacuum tube elements like Diode, Triode, Tetrode, and Pentode using Schemdraw. It shows how to configure parameters such as cathode type, anode type, number of grids, and heater presence. Anchors for connections are also illustrated.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    elm.VacuumTube(cathode='cold', anodetype='narrow', grids=0, heater=False)
    elm.VacuumTube(cathode='none', heater=True).at((3, 0))
    elm.VacuumTube(anodetype='dot', grids=2).at((6, 0))
    elm.VacuumTube(grids=8).at((9, 0))
```

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    elm.TubeDiode().label('TubeDiode')
    elm.Triode().at((3, 0)).label('Triode')
    elm.Tetrode().at((6, 0)).label('Tetrode')
    elm.Pentode().at((9, 0)).label('Pentode')
    elm.Pentode(strap=True).at((12.5, 0)).label('Pentode(strap=True)')
```

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    tube = (elm.Pentode()
               .label('1', 'cathode')
               .label('2', 'anode')
               .label('3', 'suppressor')
               .label('4', 'screen_R')
               .label('5', 'control')
        )
    elm.Line().down().at(tube.cathode).length(1)
    elm.Line().up().at(tube.anode).length(.5)
    elm.Line().left().at(tube.suppressor).length(1)
    elm.Line().right().at(tube.screen_R).length(1)
    elm.Line().left().at(tube.control).length(1)
```

--------------------------------

### Drawing Logic Gates with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/logic.html

Demonstrates importing and using the logic module to draw various digital logic gates. Gates define anchors for connections, and parameters like 'inputs' and 'inputnots' allow for customization.

```python
from schemdraw import logic

# Example of drawing a Nand gate with 3 inputs and an inverted first input
# Nand(inputs=3, inputnots=[1])
```

--------------------------------

### Define Flowchart Elements in Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/flow.html

Examples of initializing common flowchart elements like Box, Decision, and Terminal. These classes are used to build visual flow diagrams within a Schemdraw drawing context.

```python
from schemdraw.flow import Box, Decision, Terminal, Subroutine

# Initialize a standard process box
box = Box(w=3, h=2)

# Initialize a decision diamond with branch labels
decision = Decision(w=4, h=3, N='Yes', S='No')

# Initialize a start/end terminal node
terminal = Terminal(w=2, h=1)

# Initialize a subroutine box with specific side line spacing
sub = Subroutine(w=3, h=2, s=0.4)
```

--------------------------------

### Schemdraw Segment Base Class Methods

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/segments.html

Provides common methods for segment manipulation and drawing, such as flipping, reversing, drawing on a figure, getting the bounding box, and transforming the segment. These methods are inherited by most segment types.

```python
def doflip() -> None:
    """Vertically flip the element"""
    pass

def doreverse(centerx: float) -> None:
    """Reverse the path (flip horizontal about the centerx point)"""
    pass

def draw(fig, transform, **style) -> None:
    """Draw the segment

    Parameters:
        fig – schemdraw.Figure to draw on
        transform – Transform to apply before drawing
        style – Default style parameters
    """
    pass

def get_bbox() -> BBox:
    """Get bounding box (untransformed)

    Returns:
        Bounding box limits (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax)
    """
    pass

def xform(transform, **style) -> SegmentBezier:
    """Return a new Segment that has been transformed to its global position

    Parameters:
        transform – Transformation to apply
        style – Style parameters from Element to apply as default
    """
    pass
```

--------------------------------

### Create Power Supply Circuit with SchemDraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/gallery/analog.html

This snippet demonstrates how to draw a power supply circuit featuring a rectifier, BJT transistors, capacitors, and resistors. It utilizes the Drawing context manager and various element positioning methods to define the circuit layout.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing() as d:
    d.config(inches_per_unit=.5, unit=3)
    D = elm.Rectifier()
    elm.Line().left(d.unit*1.5).at(D.N).dot(open=True).idot()
    elm.Line().left(d.unit*1.5).at(D.S).dot(open=True).idot()
    G = elm.Gap().toy(D.N).label(['–', 'AC IN', '+'])

    top = elm.Line().right(d.unit*3).at(D.E).idot()
    Q2 = elm.BjtNpn(circle=True).up().anchor('collector').label('Q2\n2n3055')
    elm.Line().down(d.unit/2).at(Q2.base)
    Q2b = elm.Dot()
    elm.Line().left(d.unit/3)
    Q1 = elm.BjtNpn(circle=True).up().anchor('emitter').label('Q1\n    2n3054')
    elm.Line().at(Q1.collector).toy(top.center).dot()

    elm.Line().down(d.unit/2).at(Q1.base).dot()
    elm.Zener().down().reverse().label('D2\n500mA', loc='bot').dot()
    G = elm.Ground()
    elm.Line().left().dot()
    elm.Capacitor(polar=True).up().reverse().label('C2\n100$\mu$F\n50V', loc='bot').dot()
    elm.Line().right().hold()
    elm.Resistor().toy(top.end).label('R1\n2.2K\n50V', loc='bot').dot()

    d.move(dx=-d.unit, dy=0)
    elm.Capacitor(polar=True).toy(G.start).flip().label('C1\n 1000$\mu$F\n50V').dot().idot()
    elm.Line().at(G.start).tox(D.W)
    elm.Line().toy(D.W).dot()

    elm.Resistor().right().at(Q2b.center).label('R2').label('56$\Omega$ 1W', loc='bot').dot()
    with d.hold():
        elm.Line().toy(top.start).dot()
        elm.Line().tox(Q2.emitter)
    elm.Capacitor(polar=True).toy(G.start).label('C3\n470$\mu$F\n50V', loc='bot').dot()
    elm.Line().tox(G.start).hold()
    elm.Line().right().dot()
    elm.Resistor().toy(top.center).label('R3\n10K\n1W', loc='bot').dot()
    elm.Line().left().hold()
    elm.Line().right()
    elm.Dot(open=True)
    elm.Gap().toy(G.start).label(['+', '$V_{out}$', '–'])
    elm.Dot(open=True)
    elm.Line().left()
```

--------------------------------

### Basic Flowchart Elements and Connections

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/flow.html

Demonstrates the creation of basic flowchart elements like Terminal and Process blocks, along with Arrow connectors. It shows how to add labels and control the direction of elements using methods like 'drop'.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing() as d:
    d.config(fontsize=10, unit=.5)
    flow.Terminal().label('Start')
    flow.Arrow()
    flow.Process().label('Do something').drop('E')
    flow.Arrow().right()
    flow.Process().label('Do something
else')
```

--------------------------------

### RightLines Element

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Creates right-angle multi-line connectors. Use `at()` and `to()` methods to specify the start and end locations. The default lines are spaced to connect to pins with default spacing on Ic elements or connectors like Headers.

```APIDOC
## RightLines Element

### Description
Creates right-angle multi-line connectors. Use `at()` and `to()` methods to specify starting and ending location. The default lines are spaced to provide connection to pins with default spacing on Ic element or connector such as a Header.

### Class
`_schemdraw.elements.connectors.RightLines(*args, **kwargs)`

### Parameters
- **n** (int) - Number of parallel lines
- **dy** (float) - Distance between parallel lines [default: 0.6]

### Methods
- **delta(dx: float = 0, dy: float = 0) -> Element** - Specify ending position relative to start position
- **to(xy: Tuple[float, float] | Point) -> Element** - Specify ending position of RightLines
```

--------------------------------

### OrthoLines Element

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Creates orthogonal multiline connectors. Use `at()` and `to()` methods to specify the start and end locations. The default lines are spaced to connect to pins with default spacing on Ic elements or connectors like Headers.

```APIDOC
## OrthoLines Element

### Description
Creates orthogonal multiline connectors. Use `at()` and `to()` methods to specify starting and ending location of OrthoLines. The default lines are spaced to provide connection to pins with default spacing on Ic element or connector such as a Header.

### Class
`_schemdraw.elements.connectors.OrthoLines(*args, **kwargs)`

### Parameters
- **n** (int) - Number of parallel lines
- **dy** (float) - Distance between parallel lines [default: 0.6]
- **xstart** (float) - Fractional distance (0-1) to start vertical portion of first ortholine

### Methods
- **delta(dx: float = 0, dy: float = 0) -> Element** - Specify ending position relative to start position
- **to(xy: Tuple[float, float] | Point) -> Element** - Specify ending position of OrthoLines
```

--------------------------------

### Schemdraw Dot and Idot Element Modifications

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Adds a dot marker to the end or start of an element. The `open` parameter controls whether the dot is open or closed. `dot` adds to the end, while `idot` adds to the input/start.

```python
dot(_open : bool = False_) → Element
    """Add a dot to the end of the element"""
```

```python
idot(_open : bool = False_) → Element
    """Add a dot to the input/start of the element"""
```

--------------------------------

### Importing Fritzing Parts with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/pictorial.html

Demonstrates how to import Fritzing part files (.fzpz) into Schemdraw using the FritzingPart class. It shows downloading a part from a URL and then using its connectors as anchors in a Schemdraw drawing. This requires the SVG backend.

```python
schemdraw.use('svg')
from urllib.request import urlretrieve
part = 'https://github.com/adafruit/Fritzing-Library/raw/master/parts/Adafruit%20OLED%20Monochrome%20128x32%20SPI.fzpz'
fname, msg = urlretrieve(part)

with schemdraw.Drawing() as d:
    oled = pictorial.FritzingPart(fname)
    elm.Line().down().at(oled.GND).length(.5)
    elm.Ground()
    elm.Line().down().at(oled['3.3V']).color('red').length(1.5).label('3.3V', loc='left')
    elm.Button().at(oled.RESET)
    elm.Ground(lead=False)
```

--------------------------------

### POST /schemdraw/use

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/drawing.html

Switches the rendering backend between matplotlib and svg.

```APIDOC
## POST /schemdraw/use

### Description
Changes the default rendering backend used by the library.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
schemdraw.use

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **backend** (string) - Required - 'matplotlib' or 'svg'.

### Request Example
{
  "backend": "svg"
}

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **status** (string) - Backend updated successfully.
```

--------------------------------

### Triaxial Cable Element in Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Defines a triaxial cable element with parameters for overall length, inner and outer shield radii, lead length, and shield offset at start and end. Includes various anchors for detailed control.

```python
class _schemdraw.elements.cables.Triax(_* args_, _** kwargs_):
    """Triaxial cable element."""
    # Parameters:
    #   length: Total length of the cable [default: 3]
    #   radiusinner: Radius of inner guard [default: 0.3]
    #   radiusouter: Radius of outer shield [default: 0.6]
    #   leadlen: Distance (x) from start of center conductor to start of guard. [default: 0.6]
    #   shieldofststart: Distance from start of inner guard to start of outer shield [default: 0.3]
    #   shieldofstend: Distance from end of outer shield to end of inner guard [default: 0.3]
    pass
```

--------------------------------

### Create Header and Jumper Elements

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/connectors.html

Demonstrates the creation of a square-style Header element with multiple rows and a Jumper element to connect to its pins. The Jumper is visually distinguished with a light gray fill.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    J = elm.Header(cols=2, style='square')
    elm.Jumper().at(J.pin3).fill('lightgray')
```

--------------------------------

### Construct a Multi-Element Circuit

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable

Shows how to chain multiple circuit elements including a resistor, capacitor, line, and sinusoidal source. Each subsequent element automatically connects to the endpoint of the previous one.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    elm.Resistor().right().label('1Ω')
    elm.Capacitor().down().label('10μF')
    elm.Line().left()
    elm.SourceSin().up().label('10V')
```

--------------------------------

### Schemdraw Element Positioning with delta and to

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Methods for specifying element positions. `delta` defines the end position relative to the start using dx and dy offsets. `to` specifies the absolute ending position with optional dx and dy offsets.

```python
delta(_dx : float = 0_, _dy : float = 0_) → Element
    """Specify ending position relative to start position"""
```

```python
to(_xy : Tuple[float, float] | Point_, _dx : float = 0_, _dy : float = 0_) → Element
    """Specify ending position 

    Parameters:
        xy – Ending position of element
        dx – X-offset from xy position
        dy – Y-offset from xy position"""
```

--------------------------------

### Creating Enclosure Elements

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Shows how to use Encircle and EncircleBox to group multiple elements within a visual boundary. These elements accept a list of components and parameters for padding and styling.

```python
from schemdraw.elements import lines

# Example of enclosing a list of elements
enc = lines.Encircle(elm_list=[elm1, elm2], padx=0.2, pady=0.2)
box = lines.EncircleBox(elm_list=[elm1, elm2], cornerradius=0.3)
```

--------------------------------

### Flowchart Layout and Direction Control

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/flow.html

Explains and demonstrates how to control the layout and flow direction of flowchart elements. It shows default top-to-bottom flow, directional flow using specified directions, and the use of the 'drop' method to control arrow starting points.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing() as d:
    d.config(fontsize=10, unit=.5)
    flow.Terminal().label('Start')
    flow.Arrow()
    flow.Process().label('Step 1')
    flow.Arrow()
    flow.Process().label('Step 2').drop('E')
    flow.Arrow().right()
    flow.Connect().label('Next')

    flow.Terminal().label('Start').at((4, 0))
    flow.Arrow().theta(-45)
    flow.Process().label('Step 1')
    flow.Arrow()
    flow.Process().label('Step 2').drop('E')
    flow.Arrow().right()
    flow.Connect().label('Next')
```

--------------------------------

### POST /elements/transistors/bjt

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Create a Bipolar Junction Transistor element instance.

```APIDOC
## POST /elements/transistors/bjt

### Description
Instantiates a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) element with optional styling.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
/elements/transistors/bjt

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **circle** (boolean) - Optional - Draw circle around the transistor.

### Request Example
{
  "circle": true
}

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **anchors** (list) - List of available connection points: collector, emitter, base, center.

#### Response Example
{
  "status": "success",
  "element": "Bjt",
  "anchors": ["collector", "emitter", "base", "center"]
}
```

--------------------------------

### Schemdraw SegmentImage Class

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/segments.html

Represents an image segment, supporting PNG or SVG formats. It can be initialized with an image source, position, dimensions, rotation, and image format. It also includes methods for flipping, reversing, drawing, getting the bounding box, and transforming the image.

```python
class SegmentImage(image: str | BinaryIO, xy: Point = (0, 0), width: float = 3, height: float = 1, rotate: float = 0, imgfmt: str | None = None, zorder: int | None = None):
    """PNG or SVG Image"""
    pass

def doflip() -> None:
    """Vertically flip the element"""
    pass

def doreverse(centerx: float) -> None:
    """Reverse the image"""
    pass

def draw(fig, transform, **style) -> None:
    """Draw the image"""
    pass

def get_bbox() -> BBox:
    """Get bounding box (untransformed)"""
    pass

def xform(transform, **style) -> SegmentImage:
    """Return a new Segment that has been transformed to its global position"""
    pass
```

--------------------------------

### Parsing Logic Expressions with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/logic.html

Shows how to use the logicparse function from schemdraw.parsing.logic_parser to create logic diagrams from string expressions. Requires the pyparsing module. Supports spelled-out functions and symbols, with options for output labels and gate spacing.

```python
from schemdraw.parsing import logicparse

# Example: Parse a complex logic expression with an output label
# logicparse('not ((w and x) or (y and z))', outlabel=r'$\\overline{Q}$')

# Example: Parse a logic expression using symbols
# logicparse('¬ (a ∨ b) & (c ⊻ d)')

# Example: Adjust gate height
# logicparse('(not a) and b or c', gateH=.5)
```

--------------------------------

### Operational Amplifier (Opamp) Element

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

Shows how to use the Opamp element, including options for inverting/non-inverting inputs, voltage supplies, and adding optional leads.

```python
import schemdraw.elements as elm

d = schemdraw.Drawing()
d.add(elm.Opamp())
d.add(elm.Opamp(sign=False))
d.add(elm.Opamp(leads=True))
```

--------------------------------

### Drawing Dual and Split Vacuum Tubes with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

Illustrates the creation of dual vacuum tubes with independent configurations for left and right sides, and split-style tubes using Schemdraw. It shows how to label anchors for each side of the dual tube and use the 'split' parameter for split-style tubes.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    t = (elm.DualVacuumTube(grids_left=1, grids_right=3, heater=False)
             .label('anodeA', 'anodeA', halign='right')
             .label('anodeB', 'anodeB')
             .label('cathodeA', 'cathodeA')
             .label('cathodeB_R', 'cathodeB_R', halign='left')
             .label('gridA', 'gridA', valign='center')
             .label('gridB_1R', 'gridB_1R', valign='center')
             .label('gridB_3R', 'gridB_3R', valign='center')
        )
```

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    tube1 = elm.Triode(split='left')
    elm.Line().down().at(tube1.cathode).length(1)
    tube2 = elm.Triode(split='right').at((2, 0))
    elm.Line().down().at(tube2.cathode_R).length(1)
```

--------------------------------

### Positioning Current Labels on Elements

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Demonstrates how to use the .at() method to place current labels or inline current arrows on existing circuit elements. The position can be an absolute coordinate or an element instance for automatic centering.

```python
import schemdraw
from schemdraw.elements import lines

d = schemdraw.Drawing()
res = d.add(lines.Line())
d.add(lines.CurrentLabel().at(res))
d.add(lines.CurrentLabelInline().at(res))
```

--------------------------------

### Schemdraw Arc3 Class for Cubic Bezier Arcs

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

The Arc3 class implements a cubic Bezier curve for arcs, allowing precise control over the curve's shape using angles at the start and end points. Parameters include curvature factor (k), departure angles (th1, th2), and arrowhead specifications. Dependencies include the schemdraw library.

```python
class _schemdraw.elements.lines.Arc3(_* args_, _** kwargs_):
    """Arc Element
    Use at and to methods to define endpoints.
    Arc3 is a cubic Bezier curve. Control points are set to extend the curve at the given angle for each endpoint."""
    # Parameters:
    #   k – Control point factor. Higher k means tighter curve.
    #   th1 – Angle at which the arc leaves start point
    #   th2 – Angle at which the arc leaves end point
    #   arrow – arrowhead specifier, such as ‘->’, ‘<-’, ‘<->’, or ‘-o’
    #   arrowlength – Length of arrowhead [default: 0.25]
    #   arrowwidth – Width of arrowhead [default: 0.2]
    pass
```

--------------------------------

### POST /elements/transistors/fet

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/electrical.html

Create a Field Effect Transistor (FET) element instance.

```APIDOC
## POST /elements/transistors/fet

### Description
Instantiates a Field Effect Transistor (FET) element with configurable bulk, gate, and arrow properties.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
/elements/transistors/fet

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **bulk** (boolean) - Optional - Draw bulk contact.
- **offset_gate** (boolean) - Optional - Draw gate on the source side.
- **arrow** (boolean) - Optional - Draw source arrow.

### Request Example
{
  "bulk": true,
  "offset_gate": false,
  "arrow": true
}

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **anchors** (list) - List of available connection points: source, drain, gate, bulk, center.

#### Response Example
{
  "status": "success",
  "element": "AnalogNFet",
  "anchors": ["source", "drain", "gate", "bulk", "center"]
}
```

--------------------------------

### Draw ECE201-Style Circuit

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/gallery/analog.html

Demonstrates the use of hold(), tox(), and toy() methods to manage complex circuit layouts and alignment. It builds a multi-loop circuit with resistors and voltage sources.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing() as d:
    d.config(unit=2)
    with d.hold():
        R1 = elm.Resistor().down().label('20Ω')
        V1 = elm.SourceV().down().reverse().label('120V')
        elm.Line().right(3).dot()
    elm.Line().right(3).dot()
    elm.SourceV().down().reverse().label('60V')
    elm.Resistor().label('5Ω').dot()
    elm.Line().right(3).dot()
    elm.SourceI().up().label('36A')
    elm.Resistor().label('10Ω').dot()
    elm.Line().left(3).hold()
    elm.Line().right(3).dot()
    R6 = elm.Resistor().toy(V1.end).label('6Ω').dot()
    elm.Line().left(3).hold()
    elm.Resistor().right().at(R6.start).label('1.6Ω').dot(open=True).label('a', 'right')
    elm.Line().right().at(R6.end).dot(open=True).label('b', 'right')
```

--------------------------------

### Configuring SPDT Switches in Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

This code illustrates how to draw Single-Pole Double-Throw (SPDT) switches in Schemdraw. It shows the basic SPDT switch and how to represent open or closed states using the 'action' parameter.

```python
import schemdraw.elements as elm

# Basic SPDT switch
switch_spdt = elm.SwitchSpdt()

# SPDT switch in open state
switch_spdt_open = elm.SwitchSpdt(action='open')

# SPDT switch in closed state
switch_spdt_close = elm.SwitchSpdt(action='close')
```

--------------------------------

### Connect Multiple Pins with OrthoLines

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/connectors.html

Shows how to use `OrthoLines` for creating z-shaped orthogonal connections between parallel but vertically offset elements like an IC and a Header. The `xstart` parameter controls the vertical turn position.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    D1 = elm.Ic(pins=[elm.IcPin(name='A', side='r', slot='1/4'),
                      elm.IcPin(name='B', side='r', slot='2/4'),
                      elm.IcPin(name='C', side='r', slot='3/4'),
                      elm.IcPin(name='D', side='r', slot='4/4')])
    D2 = elm.Header(rows=4).at((7, -3))
    elm.OrthoLines(n=4).at(D1.D).to(D2.pin1).label('OrthoLines')
```

--------------------------------

### Drawing Coaxial and Triaxial Cables with Schemdraw

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

Demonstrates the usage of `Coax` and `Triax` elements from Schemdraw for drawing coaxial and triaxial cables. It shows basic instantiation and how to set parameters like length, radius, and lead length.

```python
Coax()
```

```python
Triax()
```

```python
Coax(length=5, radius=0.5)
```

```python
Triax(length=5, radiusinner=0.5)
```

```python
CoaxConnect
```

--------------------------------

### Breadboard Element Anchors and Placement

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/pictorial.html

Demonstrates how to use the Breadboard element in Schemdraw and place dots at specific anchor points. The anchors are named using column letters and row numbers for the main block and power strips, allowing precise component placement.

```python
with schemdraw.Drawing():
    bb = pictorial.Breadboard()
    elm.Dot(radius=.15).at(bb.A1).color('red')
    elm.Dot(radius=.15).at(bb.H10).color('orange')
    elm.Dot(radius=.15).at(bb.L1_1).color('cyan')
    elm.Dot(radius=.15).at(bb.R2_7).color('magenta')
    elm.Dot(radius=.15).at(bb.L2_13).color('green')
```

--------------------------------

### POST /schemdraw/config

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/classes/drawing.html

Configures global settings for the Schemdraw environment, including units, fonts, colors, and line styles.

```APIDOC
## POST /schemdraw/config

### Description
Sets global configuration parameters for the drawing environment, such as unit scaling, font properties, and default colors.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
schemdraw.config

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **unit** (float) - Optional - Full length of a 2-terminal element.
- **inches_per_unit** (float) - Optional - Inches per drawing unit for scaling.
- **fontsize** (float) - Optional - Default font size for text labels.
- **font** (string) - Optional - Default font family.
- **color** (string) - Optional - Default color name or RGB tuple.
- **lw** (float) - Optional - Default line width.

### Request Example
{
  "unit": 3.0,
  "fontsize": 14.0,
  "color": "black"
}

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **status** (string) - Configuration applied successfully.
```

--------------------------------

### Audio Elements: Speaker, Microphone, and Jack

Source: https://schemdraw.readthedocs.io/en/stable/elements/electrical.html

Demonstrates the usage of Speaker, Microphone, and AudioJack elements. The AudioJack can be configured with ring, switch, and ring-switch options to represent different jack types.

```python
import schemdraw.elements as elm

d = schemdraw.Drawing()
d.add(elm.Speaker())
d.add(elm.Mic())
d.add(elm.AudioJack())
d.add(elm.AudioJack(ring=True))
d.add(elm.AudioJack(switch=True))
d.add(elm.AudioJack(switch=True, ring=True, ringswitch=True))
```
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