### Build and run C example

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/index.html

Compile the C interface example and execute the resulting binary.

```bash
> make
> ./simple
# If needed:
> LD_LIBRARY_PATH=target/debug/ ./simple
```

--------------------------------

### Main Loop Example

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Networks.html

Example of integrating Networks into a command-line interface loop.

```rust
352fn main() {
353    println!("Getting system information...");
354    let mut system = System::new_all();
355    let mut networks = Networks::new_with_refreshed_list();
356    let mut disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
357    let mut components = Components::new_with_refreshed_list();
358    let mut users = Users::new_with_refreshed_list();
359
360    println!("Done.");
361    let t_stin = io::stdin();
362    let mut stin = t_stin.lock();
363    let mut done = false;
364
365    println!("To get the commands' list, enter 'help'.");
366    while !done {
367        let mut input = String::new();
368        write!(&mut io::stdout(), "> ");
369        io::stdout().flush();
370
371        stin.read_line(&mut input);
372        if input.is_empty() {
373            // The string is empty, meaning there is no '\n', meaning
374            // that the user used CTRL+D so we can just quit!
375            println!("\nLeaving, bye!");
376            break;
377        }
378        if (&input as &str).ends_with('\n') {
379            input.pop();
380        }
381        done = interpret_input(
382            input.as_ref(),
383            &mut system,
384            &mut networks,
385            &mut disks,
386            &mut components,
387            &mut users,
388        );
389    }
390}
```

--------------------------------

### System Metrics and Utilities

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.NetworkData.html

Examples for retrieving system boot time, uptime, and refreshing process information.

```rust
        "boot_time" => {
            println!("{} seconds", System::boot_time());
        }
        "uptime" => {
            let up = System::uptime();
            let mut uptime = up;
            let days = uptime / 86400;
            uptime -= days * 86400;
            let hours = uptime / 3600;
            uptime -= hours * 3600;
            let minutes = uptime / 60;
            println!("{days} days {hours} hours {minutes} minutes ({up} seconds in total)");
        }
        x if x.starts_with("refresh") => {
            if x == "refresh" {
                println!("Getting processes' information...");
                sys.refresh_all();
                println!("Done.");
            } else if x.starts_with("refresh ") {
                println!("Getting process' information...");
                if let Some(pid) = x
                    .split(' ')
                    .filter_map(|pid| pid.parse().ok())
                    .take(1)
                    .next()
                {
```

--------------------------------

### Handle Process command matching

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Process.html

Example of matching on command inputs to retrieve motherboard or product information.

```rust
335        "motherboard" => match Motherboard::new() {
336            Some(m) => println!("{m:#?}"),
337            None => println!("No motherboard information available"),
338        },
339        "product" => {
340            println!("{:#?}", Product);
341        }
342        e => {
343            println!(
344                "\"{e}\": Unknown command. Enter 'help' if you want to get the commands' \
345                 list.",
346            );
347        }
348    }
349    false
350}
```

--------------------------------

### Debug print Product

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Product.html

Example of printing the Product struct.

```rust
use sysinfo::Product;

println!("{:?}", Product);
```

--------------------------------

### Install ARM toolchain on Ubuntu

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/index.html

Install the necessary cross-compilation toolchain for Raspberry Pi targets.

```bash
> sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib-arm-linux-gnueabihf
```

--------------------------------

### Interpret Input Example

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Networks.html

Example of handling network refresh commands within an input interpretation function.

```rust
70fn interpret_input(
71    input: &str,
72    sys: &mut System,
73    networks: &mut Networks,
74    disks: &mut Disks,
75    components: &mut Components,
76    users: &mut Users,
77) -> bool {
78    match input.trim() {
79        "help" => print_help(),
80        "refresh_disks" => {
81            println!("Refreshing disk list...");
82            disks.refresh(true);
83            println!("Done.");
84        }
85        "refresh_users" => {
86            println!("Refreshing user list...");
87            users.refresh();
88            println!("Done.");
89        }
90        "refresh_networks" => {
91            println!("Refreshing network list...");
92            networks.refresh(true);
93            println!("Done.");
94        }
95        "refresh_components" => {
96            println!("Refreshing component list...");
97            components.refresh(true);
98            println!("Done.");
99        }
100        "refresh_cpu" => {
101            println!("Refreshing CPUs...");
102            sys.refresh_cpu_all();
103            println!("Done.");
104        }
105        "signals" => {
106            for (nb, sig) in SUPPORTED_SIGNALS.iter().enumerate() {
107                println!("{:2}:{sig:?}", nb + 1);
108            }
109        }
110        "cpus" => {
111            // Note: you should refresh a few times before using this, so that usage statistics
112            // can be ascertained
113            println!(
114                "number of physical cores: {}",
115                System::physical_core_count()
116                    .map(|c| c.to_string())
117                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "Unknown".to_owned()),
118            );
119            println!("total CPU usage: {}%", sys.global_cpu_usage());
120            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
121                println!("{cpu:?}");
122            }
```

--------------------------------

### pub fn start_time(&self) -> u64

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Process.html

Returns the time when the process was started, measured in seconds from the Unix epoch.

```APIDOC
## pub fn start_time(&self) -> u64

### Description
Returns the time where the process was started (in seconds) from epoch.

### Returns
- **u64** - The start time in seconds since epoch.
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve Process Start Time

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Process.html

Returns the process start time in seconds since the epoch.

```rust
use sysinfo::{Pid, System};

let s = System::new_all();
if let Some(process) = s.process(Pid::from(1337)) {
    println!("Started at {} seconds", process.start_time());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Access DiskUsage metrics

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.DiskUsage.html

Example showing how to retrieve and print disk usage statistics for active processes and system disks.

```rust
use sysinfo::{Disks, System};

let s = System::new_all();
for (pid, process) in s.processes() {
    let disk_usage = process.disk_usage();
    println!("[{}] read bytes   : new/total => {}/{} B",
        pid,
        disk_usage.read_bytes,
        disk_usage.total_read_bytes,
    );
    println!("[{}] written bytes: new/total => {}/{} B",
        pid,
        disk_usage.written_bytes,
        disk_usage.total_written_bytes,
    );
}

let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in disks.list() {
    println!("[{:?}] disk usage: {:?}", disk.name(), disk.usage());
}
```

--------------------------------

### pub fn cmd(&self) -> &[OsString]

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Process.html

Returns the command line arguments used to start the process. Note that on Windows, administrator privileges may be required to access this information.

```APIDOC
## pub fn cmd(&self) -> &[OsString]

### Description
Returns the command line arguments of the process.

### Example
```rust
use sysinfo::{Pid, System};

let s = System::new_all();
if let Some(process) = s.process(Pid::from(1337)) {
    println!("{:?}", process.cmd());
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### Query Process and CPU Metadata

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Cpu.html

Examples for listing processes, checking CPU frequency, vendor ID, brand, and system load averages.

```rust
"all" => {
    for (pid, proc_) in sys.processes() {
        println!(
            "{}:{} status={:?}",
            pid,
            proc_.name().to_string_lossy(),
            proc_.status()
        );
    }
}
"frequency" => {
    for cpu in sys.cpus() {
        println!("[{}] {} MHz", cpu.name(), cpu.frequency());
    }
}
"vendor_id" => {
    println!("vendor ID: {}", sys.cpus()[0].vendor_id());
}
"brand" => {
    println!("brand: {}", sys.cpus()[0].brand());
}
"load_avg" => {
    let load_avg = System::load_average();
    println!("one minute     : {}%", load_avg.one);
    println!("five minutes   : {}%", load_avg.five);
    println!("fifteen minutes: {}%", load_avg.fifteen);
}
```

--------------------------------

### System Information Input Handler

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Process.html

Example implementation of a command-line input handler for system monitoring and process signal listing.

```rust
70fn interpret_input(
71    input: &str,
72    sys: &mut System,
73    networks: &mut Networks,
74    disks: &mut Disks,
75    components: &mut Components,
76    users: &mut Users,
77) -> bool {
78    match input.trim() {
79        "help" => print_help(),
80        "refresh_disks" => {
81            println!("Refreshing disk list...");
82            disks.refresh(true);
83            println!("Done.");
84        }
85        "refresh_users" => {
86            println!("Refreshing user list...");
87            users.refresh();
88            println!("Done.");
89        }
90        "refresh_networks" => {
91            println!("Refreshing network list...");
92            networks.refresh(true);
93            println!("Done.");
94        }
95        "refresh_components" => {
96            println!("Refreshing component list...");
97            components.refresh(true);
98            println!("Done.");
99        }
100        "refresh_cpu" => {
101            println!("Refreshing CPUs...");
102            sys.refresh_cpu_all();
103            println!("Done.");
104        }
105        "signals" => {
106            for (nb, sig) in SUPPORTED_SIGNALS.iter().enumerate() {
107                println!("{:2}:{sig:?}", nb + 1);
108            }
109        }
110        "cpus" => {
111            // Note: you should refresh a few times before using this, so that usage statistics
112            // can be ascertained
113            println!(
114                "number of physical cores: {}",
115                System::physical_core_count()
116                    .map(|c| c.to_string())
117                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "Unknown".to_owned()),
118            );
119            println!("total CPU usage: {}%", sys.global_cpu_usage());
120            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
121                println!("{cpu:?}");
122            }
123        }
124        "memory" => {
125            println!("total memory:     {: >10} KB", sys.total_memory() / 1_000);
126            println!(
127                "available memory: {: >10} KB",
128                sys.available_memory() / 1_000
129            );
130            println!("used memory:      {: >10} KB", sys.used_memory() / 1_000);
131            println!("total swap:       {: >10} KB", sys.total_swap() / 1_000);
132            println!("used swap:        {: >10} KB", sys.used_swap() / 1_000);
```

--------------------------------

### Interpret system input commands

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Networks.html

Example function demonstrating how to refresh network and system data based on user input.

```rust
70fn interpret_input(
71    input: &str,
72    sys: &mut System,
73    networks: &mut Networks,
74    disks: &mut Disks,
75    components: &mut Components,
76    users: &mut Users,
77) -> bool {
78    match input.trim() {
79        "help" => print_help(),
80        "refresh_disks" => {
81            println!("Refreshing disk list...");
82            disks.refresh(true);
83            println!("Done.");
84        }
85        "refresh_users" => {
86            println!("Refreshing user list...");
87            users.refresh();
88            println!("Done.");
89        }
90        "refresh_networks" => {
91            println!("Refreshing network list...");
92            networks.refresh(true);
93            println!("Done.");
94        }
95        "refresh_components" => {
96            println!("Refreshing component list...");
97            components.refresh(true);
98            println!("Done.");
99        }
100        "refresh_cpu" => {
101            println!("Refreshing CPUs...");
102            sys.refresh_cpu_all();
103            println!("Done.");
104        }
105        "signals" => {
106            for (nb, sig) in SUPPORTED_SIGNALS.iter().enumerate() {
107                println!("{:2}:{sig:?}", nb + 1);
108            }
109        }
110        "cpus" => {
111            // Note: you should refresh a few times before using this, so that usage statistics
112            // can be ascertained
113            println!(
114                "number of physical cores: {}",
115                System::physical_core_count()
116                    .map(|c| c.to_string())
117                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "Unknown".to_owned()),
118            );
119            println!("total CPU usage: {}%", sys.global_cpu_usage());
120            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
121                println!("{cpu:?}");
122            }
123        }
124        "memory" => {
125            println!("total memory:     {: >10} KB", sys.total_memory() / 1_000);
126            println!(
127                "available memory: {: >10} KB",
128                sys.available_memory() / 1_000
129            );
130            println!("used memory:      {: >10} KB", sys.used_memory() / 1_000);
131            println!("total swap:       {: >10} KB", sys.total_swap() / 1_000);
132            println!("used swap:        {: >10} KB", sys.used_swap() / 1_000);
133        }
134        "quit" | "exit" => return true,
135        "all" => {
136            for (pid, proc_) in sys.processes() {
137                println!(
138                    "{}:{} status={:?}",
139                    pid,
140                    proc_.name().to_string_lossy(),
141                    proc_.status()
142                );
143            }
144        }
145        "frequency" => {
146            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
```

--------------------------------

### Interpret System Input Commands

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Cpu.html

A command-line interface example showing how to interact with CPU data, including frequency, vendor ID, and brand information.

```rust
70fn interpret_input(
71    input: &str,
72    sys: &mut System,
73    networks: &mut Networks,
74    disks: &mut Disks,
75    components: &mut Components,
76    users: &mut Users,
77) -> bool {
78    match input.trim() {
79        "help" => print_help(),
80        "refresh_disks" => {
81            println!("Refreshing disk list...");
82            disks.refresh(true);
83            println!("Done.");
84        }
85        "refresh_users" => {
86            println!("Refreshing user list...");
87            users.refresh();
88            println!("Done.");
89        }
90        "refresh_networks" => {
91            println!("Refreshing network list...");
92            networks.refresh(true);
93            println!("Done.");
94        }
95        "refresh_components" => {
96            println!("Refreshing component list...");
97            components.refresh(true);
98            println!("Done.");
99        }
100        "refresh_cpu" => {
101            println!("Refreshing CPUs...");
102            sys.refresh_cpu_all();
103            println!("Done.");
104        }
105        "signals" => {
106            for (nb, sig) in SUPPORTED_SIGNALS.iter().enumerate() {
107                println!("{:2}:{sig:?}", nb + 1);
108            }
109        }
110        "cpus" => {
111            // Note: you should refresh a few times before using this, so that usage statistics
112            // can be ascertained
113            println!(
114                "number of physical cores: {}",
115                System::physical_core_count()
116                    .map(|c| c.to_string())
117                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "Unknown".to_owned()),
118            );
119            println!("total CPU usage: {}%", sys.global_cpu_usage());
120            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
121                println!("{cpu:?}");
122            }
123        }
124        "memory" => {
125            println!("total memory:     {: >10} KB", sys.total_memory() / 1_000);
126            println!(
127                "available memory: {: >10} KB",
128                sys.available_memory() / 1_000
129            );
130            println!("used memory:      {: >10} KB", sys.used_memory() / 1_000);
131            println!("total swap:       {: >10} KB", sys.total_swap() / 1_000);
132            println!("used swap:        {: >10} KB", sys.used_swap() / 1_000);
133        }
134        "quit" | "exit" => return true,
135        "all" => {
136            for (pid, proc_) in sys.processes() {
137                println!(
138                    "{}:{} status={:?}",
139                    pid,
140                    proc_.name().to_string_lossy(),
141                    proc_.status()
142                );
143            }
144        }
145        "frequency" => {
146            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
147                println!("[{}] {} MHz", cpu.name(), cpu.frequency());
148            }
149        }
150        "vendor_id" => {
151            println!("vendor ID: {}", sys.cpus()[0].vendor_id());
152        }
153        "brand" => {
154            println!("brand: {}", sys.cpus()[0].brand());
155        }
156        "load_avg" => {
157            let load_avg = System::load_average();
```

--------------------------------

### Example Code Block

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.NetworkData.html

A code snippet found in the source documentation.

```rust
344                "\"{e}\": Unknown command. Enter 'help' if you want to get the commands' \
345                 list.",
346            );
347        }
348    }
349    false
350}
```

--------------------------------

### Interpreting System Input

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.User.html

Example of handling user input to refresh system components including users.

```rust
70fn interpret_input(
71    input: &str,
72    sys: &mut System,
73    networks: &mut Networks,
74    disks: &mut Disks,
75    components: &mut Components,
76    users: &mut Users,
77) -> bool {
78    match input.trim() {
79        "help" => print_help(),
80        "refresh_disks" => {
81            println!("Refreshing disk list...");
82            disks.refresh(true);
83            println!("Done.");
84        }
85        "refresh_users" => {
86            println!("Refreshing user list...");
87            users.refresh();
88            println!("Done.");
89        }
90        "refresh_networks" => {
91            println!("Refreshing network list...");
92            networks.refresh(true);
93            println!("Done.");
94        }
95        "refresh_components" => {
96            println!("Refreshing component list...");
97            components.refresh(true);
98            println!("Done.");
99        }
100        "refresh_cpu" => {
101            println!("Refreshing CPUs...");
102            sys.refresh_cpu_all();
103            println!("Done.");
104        }
105        "signals" => {
106            for (nb, sig) in SUPPORTED_SIGNALS.iter().enumerate() {
107                println!("{:2}:{sig:?}", nb + 1);
108            }
109        }
110        "cpus" => {
111            // Note: you should refresh a few times before using this, so that usage statistics
112            // can be ascertained
113            println!(
114                "number of physical cores: {}",
115                System::physical_core_count()
116                    .map(|c| c.to_string())
117                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "Unknown".to_owned()),
118            );
119            println!("total CPU usage: {}%", sys.global_cpu_usage());
120            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
121                println!("{cpu:?}");
122            }
123        }
124        "memory" => {
125            println!("total memory:     {: >10} KB", sys.total_memory() / 1_000);
126            println!(
127                "available memory: {: >10} KB",
128                sys.available_memory() / 1_000
129            );
130            println!("used memory:      {: >10} KB", sys.used_memory() / 1_000);
131            println!("total swap:       {: >10} KB", sys.total_swap() / 1_000);
132            println!("used swap:        {: >10} KB", sys.used_swap() / 1_000);
133        }
134        "quit" | "exit" => return true,
135        "all" => {
136            for (pid, proc_) in sys.processes() {
137                println!(
138                    "{}:{} status={:?}",
139                    pid,
140                    proc_.name().to_string_lossy(),
141                    proc_.status()
142                );
143            }
144        }
145        "frequency" => {
146            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
147                println!("[{}] {} MHz", cpu.name(), cpu.frequency());
148            }
149        }
150        "vendor_id" => {
151            println!("vendor ID: {}", sys.cpus()[0].vendor_id());
152        }
153        "brand" => {
154            println!("brand: {}", sys.cpus()[0].brand());
155        }
156        "load_avg" => {
157            let load_avg = System::load_average();
158            println!("one minute     : {}%", load_avg.one);
159            println!("five minutes   : {}%", load_avg.five);
160            println!("fifteen minutes: {}%", load_avg.fifteen);
161        }
162        e if e.starts_with("show ") => {
```

--------------------------------

### Process and Network Data Retrieval

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.NetworkData.html

Examples of querying process details, network interface statistics, and system-wide metrics.

```rust
match sys.process(pid) {
                    Some(p) => {
                        println!("{:?}", *p);
                        println!(
                            "Files open/limit: {:?}/{:?}",
                            p.open_files(),
                            p.open_files_limit(),
                        );
                    }
                    None => {
                        println!("pid \"{pid:?}\" not found");
                    }
                }
            } else {
                let proc_name = tmp[1];
                for proc_ in sys.processes_by_name(proc_name.as_ref()) {
                    println!("==== {} ====", proc_.name().to_string_lossy());
                    println!("{proc_:?}");
                }
            }
        }
        "temperature" => {
            for component in components.iter() {
                println!("{component:?}");
            }
        }
        "network" => {
            for (interface_name, data) in networks.iter() {
                println!(
                    "\
{interface_name}:
  operational state {}
  ether {}
  input data  (new / total): {} / {} B
  output data (new / total): {} / {} B",
                    data.operational_state(),
                    data.mac_address(),
                    data.received(),
                    data.total_received(),
                    data.transmitted(),
                    data.total_transmitted(),
                );
            }
        }
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieving File System

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Disk.html

Get the file system type of the disk.

```rust
use sysinfo::Disks;

let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in disks.list() {
    println!("[{:?}] {:?}", disk.name(), disk.file_system());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve System Load Average

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.LoadAvg.html

Example usage of System::load_average to access and print the load metrics.

```rust
use sysinfo::System;

let load_avg = System::load_average();
println!(
    "one minute: {}%, five minutes: {}%, fifteen minutes: {}%",
    load_avg.one,
    load_avg.five,
    load_avg.fifteen,
);
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Process Refresh Specifics

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.ProcessRefreshKind.html

Example demonstrating how to exclude CPU information from process refreshes to optimize performance.

```Rust
use sysinfo::{ProcessesToUpdate, ProcessRefreshKind, System};

let mut system = System::new();

// We don't want to update the CPU information.
system.refresh_processes_specifics(
    ProcessesToUpdate::All,
    true,
    ProcessRefreshKind::everything().without_cpu(),
);

for (_, proc_) in system.processes() {
    // We use a `==` comparison on float only because we know it's set to 0 here.
    assert_eq!(proc_.cpu_usage(), 0.);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Process Refresh with UpdateKind

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/enum.UpdateKind.html

Example showing how to use UpdateKind to conditionally refresh process executable information.

```rust
use sysinfo::{ProcessesToUpdate, ProcessRefreshKind, System, UpdateKind};

let mut system = System::new();
system.refresh_processes_specifics(
    ProcessesToUpdate::All,
    true,
    ProcessRefreshKind::nothing().with_exe(UpdateKind::OnlyIfNotSet),
);
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve CPU Brand Information

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Cpu.html

Demonstrates how to initialize a System instance with specific CPU refresh settings and iterate through CPUs to print their brand names.

```rust
use sysinfo::{System, RefreshKind, CpuRefreshKind};

let s = System::new_with_specifics(
    RefreshKind::nothing().with_cpu(CpuRefreshKind::everything()),
);
for cpu in s.cpus() {
    println!("{}", cpu.brand());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieving Disk Kind

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Disk.html

Get the type of the disk.

```rust
use sysinfo::Disks;

let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in disks.list() {
    println!("[{:?}] {:?}", disk.name(), disk.kind());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Process and System Information Retrieval

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Cpu.html

Demonstrates how to query process details, system temperature, network interface statistics, and system uptime.

```rust
println!("{:?}", *p);
println!(
    "Files open/limit: {:?}/{:?}",
    p.open_files(),
    p.open_files_limit(),
);
}
None => {
    println!("pid \"{pid:?}\" not found");
}
}
} else {
let proc_name = tmp[1];
for proc_ in sys.processes_by_name(proc_name.as_ref()) {
    println!("==== {} ====", proc_.name().to_string_lossy());
    println!("{proc_:?}");
}
}
}
"temperature" => {
for component in components.iter() {
    println!("{component:?}");
}
}
"network" => {
for (interface_name, data) in networks.iter() {
    println!(
        "\
{interface_name}:
  operational state {}
  ether {}
  input data  (new / total): {} / {} B
  output data (new / total): {} / {} B",
        data.operational_state(),
        data.mac_address(),
        data.received(),
        data.total_received(),
        data.transmitted(),
        data.total_transmitted(),
    );
}
}
"show" => {
println!("'show' command expects a pid number or a process name");
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieving Disk Name

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Disk.html

Get the name of the disk as an OsStr.

```rust
use sysinfo::Disks;

let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in disks.list() {
    println!("{:?}", disk.name());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Motherboard

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Motherboard.html

Create a new instance of the Motherboard struct to access system information.

```rust
use sysinfo::Motherboard;

if let Some(m) = Motherboard::new() {
    println!("{m:?}");
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieving Total Space

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Disk.html

Get the total capacity of the disk in bytes.

```rust
use sysinfo::Disks;

let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in disks.list() {
    println!("[{:?}] {}B", disk.name(), disk.total_space());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve and Display System Information

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Cpu.html

Demonstrates how to fetch and print various system details including OS version, kernel, and host name.

```rust
if sys.refresh_processes(sysinfo::ProcessesToUpdate::Some(&[pid]), true) != 0 {
                        println!("Process `{pid}` updated successfully");
                    } else {
                        println!("Process `{pid}` couldn't be updated...");
                    }
                } else {
                    println!("Invalid [pid] received...");
                }
            } else {
                println!(
                    "\"{x}\": Unknown command. Enter 'help' if you want to get the commands' \
                     list.",
                );
            }
        }
        "pid" => {
            println!(
                "PID: {}",
                sysinfo::get_current_pid().expect("failed to get PID")
            );
        }
        "system" => {
            println!(
                "System name:              {}\n\
                 System kernel version:    {}\n\
                 System OS version:        {}\n\
                 System OS (long) version: {}\n\
                 System host name:         {}\n\
                 System kernel:            {}",
                System::name().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::kernel_version().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::os_version().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::long_os_version().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::host_name().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::kernel_long_version(),
            );
        }
        "motherboard" => match Motherboard::new() {
            Some(m) => println!("{m:#?}"),
            None => println!("No motherboard information available"),
        },
        "product" => {
            println!("{:#?}", Product);
        }
        e => {
            println!(
                "\"{e}\": Unknown command. Enter 'help' if you want to get the commands' \
                 list.",
            );
        }
    }
    false
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieving Mount Point

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Disk.html

Get the mount point path of the disk.

```rust
use sysinfo::Disks;

let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in disks.list() {
    println!("[{:?}] {:?}", disk.name(), disk.mount_point());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize and convert Pid

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Pid.html

Demonstrates creating a Pid instance and converting it to a u32.

```rust
use sysinfo::Pid;

// 0's type will be different depending on the platform!
let p = Pid::from(0);

// For something more "general":
let p = Pid::from_u32(0);
let i: u32 = p.as_u32();
```

--------------------------------

### Get value from HashMap

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Networks.html

Returns a reference to the value corresponding to the provided key.

```rust
use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
map.insert(1, "a");
assert_eq!(map.get(&1), Some(&"a"));
assert_eq!(map.get(&2), None);
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve CPU Usage

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Cpu.html

Demonstrates how to initialize the system with CPU monitoring and retrieve usage percentages. Note that CPU usage requires at least two refresh cycles to calculate a non-zero value.

```rust
use sysinfo::{System, RefreshKind, CpuRefreshKind};

let mut s = System::new_with_specifics(
    RefreshKind::nothing().with_cpu(CpuRefreshKind::everything()),
);

// Wait a bit because CPU usage is based on diff.
std::thread::sleep(sysinfo::MINIMUM_CPU_UPDATE_INTERVAL);
// Refresh CPUs again to get actual value.
s.refresh_cpu_all();

for cpu in s.cpus() {
    println!("{}%", cpu.cpu_usage());
}
```

--------------------------------

### RefreshKind::cpu

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.RefreshKind.html

Methods to get, set, or unset the CPU refresh configuration.

```APIDOC
## CPU Refresh Methods

### Methods
- `pub fn cpu(&self) -> Option<CpuRefreshKind>`: Returns the current CPU refresh configuration.
- `pub fn with_cpu(self, kind: CpuRefreshKind) -> Self`: Sets the CPU refresh configuration.
- `pub fn without_cpu(self) -> Self`: Disables CPU refreshing.
```

--------------------------------

### RefreshKind::memory

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.RefreshKind.html

Methods to get, set, or unset the memory refresh configuration.

```APIDOC
## Memory Refresh Methods

### Methods
- `pub fn memory(&self) -> Option<MemoryRefreshKind>`: Returns the current memory refresh configuration.
- `pub fn with_memory(self, kind: MemoryRefreshKind) -> Self`: Sets the memory refresh configuration.
- `pub fn without_memory(self) -> Self`: Disables memory refreshing.
```

--------------------------------

### Motherboard::new()

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Motherboard.html

Creates a new instance of the Motherboard type. Returns None if the information cannot be retrieved or if the platform is not supported (e.g., NetBSD).

```APIDOC
## pub fn new() -> Option<Self>

### Description
Creates a new instance of the `Motherboard` type. This is the primary entry point for accessing motherboard information.

### Signature
`pub fn new() -> Option<Self>`

### Returns
- **Option<Self>** - Returns `Some(Motherboard)` if successful, or `None` if the information is unavailable or the platform is not supported.

### Example
```rust
use sysinfo::Motherboard;

if let Some(m) = Motherboard::new() {
    println!("{m:?}");
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve System Information

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/index.html

Initializes a System instance and retrieves comprehensive system metrics including memory, OS details, processes, disks, networks, and components.

```rust
use sysinfo::{
    Components, Disks, Networks, System,
};

// Please note that we use "new_all" to ensure that all lists of
// CPUs and processes are filled!
let mut sys = System::new_all();

// First we update all information of our `System` struct.
sys.refresh_all();

println!("=> system:");
// RAM and swap information:
println!("total memory: {} bytes", sys.total_memory());
println!("used memory : {} bytes", sys.used_memory());
println!("total swap  : {} bytes", sys.total_swap());
println!("used swap   : {} bytes", sys.used_swap());

// Display system information:
println!("System name:             {:?}", System::name());
println!("System kernel version:   {:?}", System::kernel_version());
println!("System OS version:       {:?}", System::os_version());
println!("System host name:        {:?}", System::host_name());

// Number of CPUs:
println!("NB CPUs: {}", sys.cpus().len());

// Display processes ID, name and disk usage:
for (pid, process) in sys.processes() {
    println!("[{pid}] {:?} {:?}", process.name(), process.disk_usage());
}

// We display all disks' information:
println!("=> disks:");
let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in &disks {
    println!("{disk:?}");
}

// Network interfaces name, total data received and total data transmitted:
let networks = Networks::new_with_refreshed_list();
println!("=> networks:");
for (interface_name, data) in &networks {
    println!(
        "{interface_name}: {} B (down) / {} B (up)",
        data.total_received(),
        data.total_transmitted(),
    );
    // If you want the amount of data received/transmitted since last call
    // to `Networks::refresh`, use `received`/`transmitted`.
}

// Components temperature:
let components = Components::new_with_refreshed_list();
println!("=> components:");
for component in &components {
    println!("{component:?}");
}
```

--------------------------------

### RefreshKind::processes

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.RefreshKind.html

Methods to get, set, or unset the process refresh configuration.

```APIDOC
## Process Refresh Methods

### Methods
- `pub fn processes(&self) -> Option<ProcessRefreshKind>`: Returns the current process refresh configuration.
- `pub fn with_processes(self, kind: ProcessRefreshKind) -> Self`: Sets the process refresh configuration.
- `pub fn without_processes(self) -> Self`: Disables process refreshing.
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieving Disk Usage

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Disk.html

Get the number of bytes read and written by the disk.

```rust
use sysinfo::Disks;

let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in disks.list() {
    println!("[{:?}] disk usage: {:?}", disk.name(), disk.usage());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Query System and Process Information

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Process.html

Demonstrates how to iterate through processes, retrieve CPU metrics, and display load averages.

```rust
println!("used swap:        {: >10} KB", sys.used_swap() / 1_000);
        }
        "quit" | "exit" => return true,
        "all" => {
            for (pid, proc_) in sys.processes() {
                println!(
                    "{}:{} status={:?}",
                    pid,
                    proc_.name().to_string_lossy(),
                    proc_.status()
                );
            }
        }
        "frequency" => {
            for cpu in sys.cpus() {
                println!("[{}] {} MHz", cpu.name(), cpu.frequency());
            }
        }
        "vendor_id" => {
            println!("vendor ID: {}", sys.cpus()[0].vendor_id());
        }
        "brand" => {
            println!("brand: {}", sys.cpus()[0].brand());
        }
        "load_avg" => {
            let load_avg = System::load_average();
            println!("one minute     : {}%", load_avg.one);
            println!("five minutes   : {}%", load_avg.five);
            println!("fifteen minutes: {}%", load_avg.fifteen);
        }
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieving Available Space

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Disk.html

Get the available free space on the disk in bytes.

```rust
use sysinfo::Disks;

let disks = Disks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for disk in disks.list() {
    println!("[{:?}] {}B", disk.name(), disk.available_space());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve System Metrics and Process Information

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Process.html

These snippets demonstrate how to access CPU, memory, and process data from a System instance.

```rust
println!(
    "number of physical cores: {}",
    System::physical_core_count()
        .map(|c| c.to_string())
        .unwrap_or_else(|| "Unknown".to_owned()),
);
println!("total CPU usage: {}%", sys.global_cpu_usage());
for cpu in sys.cpus() {
    println!("{cpu:?}");
}
```

```rust
println!("total memory:     {: >10} KB", sys.total_memory() / 1_000);
println!(
    "available memory: {: >10} KB",
    sys.available_memory() / 1_000
);
println!("used memory:      {: >10} KB", sys.used_memory() / 1_000);
println!("total swap:       {: >10} KB", sys.total_swap() / 1_000);
println!("used swap:        {: >10} KB", sys.used_swap() / 1_000);
```

```rust
for (pid, proc_) in sys.processes() {
    println!(
        "{}:{} status={:?}",
        pid,
        proc_.name().to_string_lossy(),
        proc_.status()
    );
}
```

```rust
for cpu in sys.cpus() {
    println!("[{}] {} MHz", cpu.name(), cpu.frequency());
}
```

```rust
println!("vendor ID: {}", sys.cpus()[0].vendor_id());
```

```rust
println!("brand: {}", sys.cpus()[0].brand());
```

```rust
let load_avg = System::load_average();
println!("one minute     : {}%", load_avg.one);
println!("five minutes   : {}%", load_avg.five);
println!("fifteen minutes: {}%", load_avg.fifteen);
```

```rust
for component in components.iter() {
    println!("{component:?}");
}
```

```rust
for (interface_name, data) in networks.iter() {
    println!(
        "\
{interface_name}:
  operational state {}
  ether {}
  input data  (new / total): {} / {} B
  output data (new / total): {} / {} B",
        data.operational_state(),
        data.mac_address(),
        data.received(),
        data.total_received(),
        data.transmitted(),
        data.total_transmitted(),
    );
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve System Timing

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.NetworkData.html

Calculates and displays system boot time and uptime.

```rust
"boot_time" => {
            println!("{} seconds", System::boot_time());
        }
        "uptime" => {
            let up = System::uptime();
            let mut uptime = up;
            let days = uptime / 86400;
            uptime -= days * 86400;
            let hours = uptime / 3600;
            uptime -= hours * 3600;
            let minutes = uptime / 60;
            println!("{days} days {hours} hours {minutes} minutes ({up} seconds in total)");
        }
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve MTU for Interfaces

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.NetworkData.html

Get the Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU) value for network interfaces.

```rust
use sysinfo::Networks;

let mut networks = Networks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for (interface_name, network) in &networks {
    println!("mtu: {}", network.mtu());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve total outgoing packets

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.NetworkData.html

Use total_packets_transmitted to get the cumulative count of outgoing packets.

```rust
use sysinfo::Networks;

let networks = Networks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for (interface_name, network) in &networks {
    println!("out: {}", network.total_packets_transmitted());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve total incoming packets

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.NetworkData.html

Use total_packets_received to get the cumulative count of incoming packets.

```rust
use sysinfo::Networks;

let networks = Networks::new_with_refreshed_list();
for (interface_name, network) in &networks {
    println!("in: {}", network.total_packets_received());
}
```

--------------------------------

### List System Resources

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.NetworkData.html

Iterates through and prints information for disks, users, and groups.

```rust
"disks" => {
            for disk in disks {
                println!("{disk:?}");
            }
        }
        "users" => {
            for user in users {
                println!("{:?} => {:?}", user.name(), user.groups());
            }
        }
        "groups" => {
            for group in Groups::new_with_refreshed_list().list() {
                println!("{group:?}");
            }
        }
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve CPU Frequency

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Cpu.html

Demonstrates how to initialize the system with CPU refresh enabled and iterate through CPUs to print their frequency.

```rust
use sysinfo::{System, RefreshKind, CpuRefreshKind};

let s = System::new_with_specifics(
    RefreshKind::nothing().with_cpu(CpuRefreshKind::everything()),
);
for cpu in s.cpus() {
    println!("{}", cpu.frequency());
}
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Executable Refresh Kind

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.ProcessRefreshKind.html

Methods to get, set, or disable the executable path refresh kind.

```rust
use sysinfo::{ProcessRefreshKind, UpdateKind};

let r = ProcessRefreshKind::nothing();
assert_eq!(r.exe(), UpdateKind::Never);

let r = r.with_exe(UpdateKind::OnlyIfNotSet);
assert_eq!(r.exe(), UpdateKind::OnlyIfNotSet);

let r = r.without_exe();
assert_eq!(r.exe(), UpdateKind::Never);
```

```rust
use sysinfo::{ProcessRefreshKind, UpdateKind};

let r = ProcessRefreshKind::nothing();
assert_eq!(r.exe(), UpdateKind::Never);

let r = r.with_exe(UpdateKind::OnlyIfNotSet);
assert_eq!(r.exe(), UpdateKind::OnlyIfNotSet);
```

```rust
use sysinfo::{ProcessRefreshKind, UpdateKind};

let r = ProcessRefreshKind::everything();
assert_eq!(r.exe(), UpdateKind::OnlyIfNotSet);

let r = r.without_exe();
assert_eq!(r.exe(), UpdateKind::Never);
```

--------------------------------

### System Information Queries

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Cpu.html

Various commands to retrieve system-wide information like disks, users, groups, boot time, and uptime.

```rust
"disks" => {
            for disk in disks {
                println!("{disk:?}");
            }
        }
```

```rust
"users" => {
            for user in users {
                println!("{:?} => {:?}", user.name(), user.groups());
            }
        }
```

```rust
"groups" => {
            for group in Groups::new_with_refreshed_list().list() {
                println!("{group:?}");
            }
        }
```

```rust
"boot_time" => {
            println!("{} seconds", System::boot_time());
        }
```

```rust
"uptime" => {
            let up = System::uptime();
            let mut uptime = up;
            let days = uptime / 86400;
            uptime -= days * 86400;
            let hours = uptime / 3600;
            uptime -= hours * 3600;
            let minutes = uptime / 60;
```

--------------------------------

### System Metadata Retrieval

Source: https://docs.rs/sysinfo/latest/sysinfo/struct.Process.html

Retrieves and prints current PID, system information, motherboard, and product details.

```rust
"pid" => {
            println!(
                "PID: {}",
                sysinfo::get_current_pid().expect("failed to get PID")
            );
        }
        "system" => {
            println!(
                "System name:              {}\n\
                 System kernel version:    {}\n\
                 System OS version:        {}\n\
                 System OS (long) version: {}\n\
                 System host name:         {}\n\
                 System kernel:            {}",
                System::name().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::kernel_version().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::os_version().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::long_os_version().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::host_name().unwrap_or_else(|| "<unknown>".to_owned()),
                System::kernel_long_version(),
            );
        }
        "motherboard" => match Motherboard::new() {
            Some(m) => println!("{m:#?}"),
            None => println!("No motherboard information available"),
        },
        "product" => {
            println!("{:#?}", Product);
        }
        e => {
            println!(
                "\"{e}\": Unknown command. Enter 'help' if you want to get the commands' \
                 list.",
            );
        }
    }
    false
}
```