### Test TLS start spawns read loop for existing connections

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tls.rs.html

Initializes tracing and crypto provider, then generates test certificates. This is the beginning of a test that likely uses the certificates for TLS setup.

```rust
init_tracing();
init_crypto_provider();
let (cert_pem, key_pem) = generate_test_certs();
```

--------------------------------

### Quick start: create a CallManager and outbound call

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/index.html

Minimal setup for creating a call manager and an outbound call. Requires the tokio runtime and the rsiprtp prelude. The call ID is returned but event handling is left as a placeholder.

```rust
use rsiprtp::prelude::*;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
    // Create a call manager
    let config = ManagerConfig::default();
    let mut manager = CallManager::new(config);

    // Create an outbound call
    let call_id = manager.create_call("sip:bob@example.com".to_string());

    // ... handle call events ...

    Ok(())
}

```

--------------------------------

### Test TURN client create_permission without allocation setup

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/turn.rs.html

Sets up a TURN client without an allocation and defines a peer address. Used as the setup for testing create_permission when no allocation exists.

```rust
let mock = MockTurnServer::new().await;
let server = TurnServer::new(mock.addr, "testuser", "testpass");
let mut client = TurnClient::new(server).await.unwrap();

let peer_addr: SocketAddr = "10.0.0.100:5060".parse().unwrap();
```

--------------------------------

### Setup for test_timer_i_timeout_invite_server

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transaction/manager.rs.html

Creates a TransactionManager, sends an INVITE request, polls actions, and obtains a handle for the server transaction. Used as setup for testing timer I timeout on an invite server.

```rust
let mut mgr = TransactionManager::new(false);
let invite = create_invite();

mgr.handle_message(SipMessage::Request(invite.clone()));
let _ = mgr.poll_actions();

let handle = TransactionHandle(1);
```

--------------------------------

### Test: TCP receiver dropped (setup)

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tcp.rs.html

Starts a TCP server and obtains the receiver channel. The test is incomplete in the provided source, but it sets up the scenario for testing what happens when the receiver is dropped.

```rust
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_tcp_receiver_dropped() {
        // Create server
        let server_addr = SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), 0);
        let server = TcpTransport::bind(server_addr).await.unwrap();
        let server_addr = server.local_addr();

        let (rx, _sender) = server.start();
```

--------------------------------

### start

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/transport/struct.TlsTransport.html

Start the transport, accepting connections and receiving messages. Returns a receiver for incoming messages.

```APIDOC
## start

### Description
Start the transport, accepting connections and receiving messages. Returns a receiver for incoming messages.

### Method
start

### Returns
(Receiver<IncomingMessage>, TlsSender) - A receiver for incoming messages and a sender handle.

```

--------------------------------

### or method example

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/core/error/type.Result.html

Shows how or returns the Ok value of self if self is Ok, otherwise returns the provided res. The example covers all four combinations of Ok and Err for self and res.

```rust
let x: Result<u32, &str> = Ok(2);
let y: Result<u32, &str> = Err("late error");
assert_eq!(x.or(y), Ok(2));

let x: Result<u32, &str> = Err("early error");
let y: Result<u32, &str> = Ok(2);
assert_eq!(x.or(y), Ok(2));

let x: Result<u32, &str> = Err("not a 2");
let y: Result<u32, &str> = Err("late error");
assert_eq!(x.or(y), Err("late error"));

let x: Result<u32, &str> = Ok(2);
let y: Result<u32, &str> = Ok(100);
assert_eq!(x.or(y), Ok(2));
```

--------------------------------

### and_then example function

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/core/error/type.Result.html

Shows a function that uses `checked_mul` and `ok_or` to return a `Result`, which can be used with `and_then` for control flow. The example is from the `and_then` method documentation.

```rust
fn sq_then_to_string(x: u32) -> Result<String, &'static str> {
    x.checked_mul(x).map(|sq| sq.to_string()).ok_or("overflowed")
}
```

--------------------------------

### init_crypto_provider: Install ring crypto provider

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tls.rs.html

Installs the ring crypto provider for tests, using a static Once to ensure it runs only once. Required for rustls operations in tests.

```rust
fn init_crypto_provider() {
    CRYPTO_INIT.call_once(|| {
        let _ = rustls::crypto::ring::default_provider().install_default();
    });
}
```

--------------------------------

### Test gather_srflx_candidates setup with mock STUN server

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/agent.rs.html

Sets up a mock STUN server and an IceAgent with that server, then gathers host candidates before spawning the mock server to respond. This is the setup for testing srflx candidate gathering.

```rust
init_tracing();
// Create mock STUN server
let mock = MockStunServer::new().await;

let config = IceConfig {
    stun_servers: vec![StunServer {
        name: "mock",
        addr: mock.addr,
    }],
    ..Default::default()
};
let agent = IceAgent::new(config, IceRole::Controlling);

// First gather host candidates
let _ = agent.gather_host_candidates().await;

// Spawn mock server to respond (respond once per request)
let mock_socket = mock.socket.clone();
```

--------------------------------

### Test fallback_prefers_host_to_host setup

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/agent.rs.html

Sets up an IceAgent with no STUN servers, adds a server-reflexive local candidate and a host local candidate, then adds a host remote candidate. This is the setup for testing that fallback selection prefers host-to-host pairs.

```rust
let config = IceConfig {
            stun_servers: vec![],
            ..Default::default()
        };
        let agent = IceAgent::new(config, IceRole::Controlling);

        // Add srflx local candidate
        let local_srflx = Candidate::server_reflexive(
            SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(std::net::Ipv4Addr::new(1, 2, 3, 4)), 5001),
            SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(std::net::Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 1)), 5001),
            1,
        );

        // Add host local candidate
        let local_host = Candidate::host(
            SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(std::net::Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 2)), 5002),
            1,
        );

        agent.local_candidates.write().await.push(local_srflx);
        agent.local_candidates.write().await.push(local_host);

        // Add host remote candidate
        let remote_host = Candidate::host(
            SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(std::net::Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 100)), 5000),
```

--------------------------------

### ICE candidate gathering with timeout and dispatcher setup

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/agent.rs.html

These functions implement the ICE candidate gathering flow: the outer method sets the state to Gathering and runs the inner gathering with a timeout, returning partial candidates on timeout. The inner method gathers host candidates first, stashes them, then gathers server-reflexive candidates, storing the final set. Host gathering binds a UDP socket per address, creates a host candidate, and starts a dispatcher task via ensure_dispatcher, which spawns a stun_dispatcher_loop for each socket if not already running.

```rust
*self.state.write().await = IceState::Gathering;
        info!("Starting ICE candidate gathering");

        let budget = std::time::Duration::from_millis(self.config.gather_timeout_ms);
        match tokio::time::timeout(budget, self.gather_candidates_inner()).await {
            Ok(result) => result,
            Err(_) => {
                // Timeout: return whatever was stored so far.
                let partial = self.local_candidates.read().await.clone();
                warn!(
                    "ICE candidate gathering timed out after {}ms; returning {} partial candidates",
                    self.config.gather_timeout_ms,
                    partial.len()
                );
                Ok(partial)
            }
        }
    }
```

```rust
async fn gather_candidates_inner(&self) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>, IceError> {
        let mut candidates = Vec::new();

        // Gather host candidates from local interfaces
        let host_candidates = self.gather_host_candidates().await?;
        candidates.extend(host_candidates);
        // Stash hosts before we start STUN — if srflx gathering times out
        // mid-flight, the timeout branch can still return the hosts.
        *self.local_candidates.write().await = candidates.clone();

        // Gather server-reflexive candidates from STUN
        let srflx_candidates = self.gather_srflx_candidates().await;
        candidates.extend(srflx_candidates);

        // Store final candidate set
        *self.local_candidates.write().await = candidates.clone();

        info!("Gathered {} candidates", candidates.len());
        Ok(candidates)
    }
```

```rust
async fn gather_host_candidates(&self) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>, IceError> {
        let addrs = get_local_addresses();
        self.gather_host_candidates_with(addrs).await
    }
```

```rust
async fn gather_host_candidates_with(
        &self,
        addrs: Vec<IpAddr>,
    ) -> Result<Vec<Candidate>, IceError> {
        let mut candidates = Vec::new();

        for addr in addrs {
            // Bind a socket for this address
            let bind_addr = SocketAddr::new(addr, 0);
            match UdpSocket::bind(bind_addr).await {
                Ok(socket) => {
                    let local_addr = socket_local_addr(&socket)?;
                    debug!("Bound socket to {}", local_addr);

                    // Create host candidate
                    let candidate = Candidate::host(local_addr, 1);
                    candidates.push(candidate);

                    // Store socket and start a dispatcher task for it.
                    let socket = Arc::new(socket);
                    self.sockets
                        .write()
                        .await
                        .insert(local_addr, socket.clone());
                    self.ensure_dispatcher(local_addr, socket).await;
                }
                Err(e) => {
                    warn!("Failed to bind to {}: {}", bind_addr, e);
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(candidates)
    }
```

```rust
async fn ensure_dispatcher(&self, local_addr: SocketAddr, socket: Arc<UdpSocket>) {
        let mut tasks = self.responder_tasks.write().await;
        if tasks.contains_key(&local_addr) {
            return;
        }

        let pending = self.pending_responses.clone();
        let local_ufrag = self.config.local_ufrag.clone();
        let local_pwd = self.config.local_pwd.clone();
        let handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
            stun_dispatcher_loop(socket, pending, local_ufrag, local_pwd).await;
        });
        tasks.insert(local_addr, handle);
    }
```

--------------------------------

### Setup TLS client-server for tests

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tls.rs.html

Sets up a TLS client and server for testing. It creates temporary certificate and key files, binds a TlsTransport server, and connects a client with verification disabled. Returns the server receiver, client, and server address.

```rust
async fn setup_tls_client_server() -> (mpsc::Receiver<IncomingMessage>, TlsTransport, SocketAddr)
{
    use std::io::Write;
    use tempfile::NamedTempFile;

    init_crypto_provider();
    let (cert_pem, key_pem) = generate_test_certs();

    let mut cert_file = NamedTempFile::new().unwrap();
    cert_file.write_all(&cert_pem).unwrap();
    cert_file.flush().unwrap();

    let mut key_file = NamedTempFile::new().unwrap();
    key_file.write_all(&key_pem).unwrap();
    key_file.flush().unwrap();

    let server_config = TlsServerConfig {
        cert_path: cert_file.path().to_str().unwrap().to_string(),
        key_path: key_file.path().to_str().unwrap().to_string(),
    };

    let server_addr = SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), 0);
    let server = TlsTransport::bind_server(server_addr, server_config)
        .await
        .unwrap();
    let server_addr = server.local_addr();
    let (server_rx, _sender) = server.start();

    let client_addr = SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), 0);
    let client_config = TlsClientConfig {
        verify_server: false,
        ca_cert_path: None,
    };
    let client = TlsTransport::new_client(client_addr, client_config).unwrap();
    client.connect(server_addr, "localhost").await.unwrap();

    (server_rx, client, server_addr)
}
```

--------------------------------

### Test build refresh request setup

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/turn.rs.html

Starts the test for building a REFRESH request by generating a transaction ID and setting a lifetime value of 600 seconds.

```rust
let transaction_id = generate_transaction_id();
let lifetime = 600u32;
```

--------------------------------

### Build SDP offer and parse it

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/sdp/index.html

Shows how to create an SDP offer with SdpBuilder, add audio media with PCMU and PCMA codecs, convert to string, and parse it back using SessionDescription::parse. Use this as a starting point for constructing and parsing SDP messages.

```rust
use rsiprtp::sdp::{SessionDescription, SdpBuilder, MediaBuilder, Codec, create_answer};
use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr};

// Build an SDP offer
let addr = IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 1));
let offer = SdpBuilder::new(addr)
    .add_media(MediaBuilder::audio(49170).pcmu().pcma())
    .build();

// Parse SDP from string
let sdp_str = offer.to_string();
let parsed = SessionDescription::parse(&sdp_str).unwrap();
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Resolving a SIP URI with SipResolver

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/resolver.rs.html

Shows how to create a SipResolver and resolve a domain to a list of targets. Requires the tokio runtime and the rsiprtp crate.

```rust
use rsiprtp::transport::{SipResolver, ResolvedTarget};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let resolver = SipResolver::new().await?;

    // Resolve a SIP URI
    let targets = resolver.resolve("example.com", None).await?;

    for target in targets {
        println!("{}:{} via {:?}", target.host, target.port, target.transport);
    }

    Ok(())
}
```

--------------------------------

### TurnServer::new

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/ice/struct.TurnServer.html

Creates a new TURN server configuration with the given address, username, and password.

```APIDOC
## TurnServer::new

### Description
Creates a new TURN server configuration with the given address, username, and password.

### Method
Constructor

### Signature
```rust
pub fn new(addr: SocketAddr, username: &str, password: &str) -> Self
```

### Parameters
- **addr** (`SocketAddr`) - Required - Server address.
- **username** (`&str`) - Required - Username for authentication.
- **password** (`&str`) - Required - Password/credential for authentication.

### Returns
- `Self` - A new `TurnServer` instance.

```

--------------------------------

### as_mut: mutable references to Result contents

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/core/error/type.Result.html

Use to get mutable references to the contained Ok or Err values, allowing in-place modification. The example defines a helper function that mutates the inner value and then verifies the changes.

```rust
fn mutate(r: &mut Result<i32, i32>) {
    match r.as_mut() {
        Ok(v) => *v = 42,
        Err(e) => *e = 0,
    }
}

let mut x: Result<i32, i32> = Ok(2);
mutate(&mut x);
assert_eq!(x.unwrap(), 42);

let mut x: Result<i32, i32> = Err(13);
mutate(&mut x);
assert_eq!(x.unwrap_err(), 0);
```

--------------------------------

### Test TcpTransport start with existing connections

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tcp.rs.html

Tests that TcpTransport can start with pre-existing connections. Establishes a connection before calling start(), then verifies the connection is tracked and can still send/receive messages after start.

```rust
let server_addr = SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), 0);
let server = TcpTransport::bind(server_addr).await.unwrap();
let server_addr = server.local_addr();

let (mut server_rx, _server_sender) = server.start();

// Create client and establish connection BEFORE starting
let client_addr = SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), 0);
let client = TcpTransport::bind(client_addr).await.unwrap();

// Connect before starting (this creates an existing connection)
client.connect(server_addr).await.unwrap();

// Verify connection exists
{
    let connections = client.connections.read().await;
    assert_eq!(connections.len(), 1);
}

// Now start the client transport with existing connection
let (_client_rx, _client_sender) = client.start();

// The existing connection should be able to send messages
let new_client = TcpTransport::bind(SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), 0))
    .await
    .unwrap();
let msg = b"INVITE sip:test@example.com SIP/2.0\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n";
new_client.send_to(msg, server_addr).await.unwrap();

// Server should receive it
let received = tokio::time::timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(1), server_rx.recv())
    .await
    .unwrap()
    .unwrap();

assert_eq!(&received.data[..], msg);
```

--------------------------------

### test_tcp_start_client_only - client-only transport start

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tcp.rs.html

Verifies that TcpTransport::new_client can start without a listener. The start method returns a receiver and sender.

```rust
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_tcp_start_client_only() {
    // Create client-only transport
    let addr = SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST), 5060);
    let transport = TcpTransport::new_client(addr);

    // Start should work even without listener
    let (_rx, _sender) = transport.start();
}
```

--------------------------------

### handle_incoming_invite(&mut self, dialog: Dialog, offer_sdp: &SessionDescription) -> Option<(CallId, SessionDescription, u16)>

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/session/struct.CallManager.html

Accepts an incoming INVITE and creates a call. Returns the call ID and the SDP answer to send in 200 OK.

```APIDOC
## handle_incoming_invite(&mut self, dialog: Dialog, offer_sdp: &SessionDescription) -> Option<(CallId, SessionDescription, u16)>

### Description
Accept an incoming INVITE and create a call. Returns the call ID and the SDP answer to send in 200 OK.

### Parameters
- **dialog** (Dialog) - Required - The dialog associated with the incoming INVITE.
- **offer_sdp** (&SessionDescription) - Required - The SDP offer from the INVITE.

### Returns
- **Option<(CallId, SessionDescription, u16)>** - A tuple containing the call ID, the SDP answer, and the RTP port, or None if codec negotiation fails.

```

--------------------------------

### Test handle_incoming_invite with no compatible media

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/session/manager.rs.html

Tests handle_incoming_invite with a video-only SDP. Expects None and no call created, confirming no compatible media.

```rust
let mut manager = CallManager::new(ManagerConfig::default());

let dialog = Dialog::new_uas(
    "call-124".to_string(),
    "from-tag".to_string(),
    "to-tag".to_string(),
    "sip:alice@example.com".to_string(),
    "sip:bob@example.com".to_string(),
    1,
);

let offer_sdp = test_video_only_sdp();
let result = manager.handle_incoming_invite(dialog, &offer_sdp);

assert!(result.is_none());
assert_eq!(manager.call_count(), 0);
```

--------------------------------

### Test find_header_end at start

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tls.rs.html

Tests find_header_end when the header terminator is at the start; expects Some(4).

```rust
#[test]
fn test_find_header_end_at_start() {
    let data = b"\r\n\r\nSome content here";
    assert_eq!(find_header_end(data), Some(4));
}
```

--------------------------------

### test_tcp_connection_buffer_initialization: setup TcpListener and connect

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tcp.rs.html

Test that TcpConnection initializes with the correct buffer capacity. It binds a TcpListener and spawns a task to connect a TcpStream, setting up the connection for buffer initialization checks.

```rust
let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await.unwrap();
let addr = listener.local_addr().unwrap();

let connect_handle = tokio::spawn(async move { TcpStream::connect(addr).await.unwrap() });
```

--------------------------------

### Test parse_content_length at start

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/transport/tls.rs.html

Verifies that parse_content_length correctly parses a Content-Length header when it appears at the start of the headers.

```rust
#[test]
fn test_parse_content_length_at_start() {
    let headers = b"Content-Length: 50\r\nVia: test\r\n\r\n";
    assert_eq!(parse_content_length(headers), 50);
}
```

--------------------------------

### create_answer(offer: &SessionDescription, local_codecs: &[Codec], local_port: u16) -> Option<(SessionDescription, Vec<NegotiatedMedia>)>

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/sdp/negotiation/fn.create_answer.html

Negotiates an answer to an SDP offer. Returns the negotiated media descriptions or None if no compatible codec found.

```APIDOC
## Rust Function: create_answer

### Description
Negotiate an answer to an SDP offer. Returns the negotiated media descriptions or None if no compatible codec found.

### Signature
```rust
pub fn create_answer(
    offer: &SessionDescription,
    local_codecs: &[Codec],
    local_port: u16,
) -> Option<(SessionDescription, Vec<NegotiatedMedia>)>
```

### Parameters
- **offer** (&SessionDescription) - The SDP offer to negotiate.
- **local_codecs** (&[Codec]) - The list of local codecs available for negotiation.
- **local_port** (u16) - The local port to use for the answer.

### Returns
- **Option<(SessionDescription, Vec<NegotiatedMedia>)>** - Returns the negotiated session description and a vector of negotiated media descriptions, or None if no compatible codec found.

```

--------------------------------

### Test DtmfReceiver Start Clears Last

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/rtp/dtmf.rs.html

Confirms that starting a new event clears the last_event, so a subsequent end for the same digit is recognized.

```rust
let mut receiver = DtmfReceiver::new(101);

// End an event
let end_event = DtmfEvent::new(DtmfDigit::One, 500).with_end();
receiver.process_packet(101, &end_event.encode());

// Start a new event (clears last_event)
let start_event = DtmfEvent::new(DtmfDigit::Two, 100);
receiver.process_packet(101, &start_event.encode());

// Now same digit end should return (last_event was cleared by start)
let end_event2 = DtmfEvent::new(DtmfDigit::One, 500).with_end();
let result = receiver.process_packet(101, &end_event2.encode());
assert_eq!(result, Some(DtmfDigit::One));
```

--------------------------------

### Clone Timing and assert start equality

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/sdp/parser.rs.html

Clones the Timing field and asserts the cloned start equals the original. Used in the test_timing_clone test.

```rust
let sdp = SessionDescription::parse(BASIC_SDP).unwrap();
let cloned = sdp.timing.clone();
assert_eq!(cloned.start, sdp.timing.start);
```

--------------------------------

### Test display host only

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/sip/uri.rs.html

Builds a URI with only a host and checks that the string representation is 'sip:example.com'.

```rust
let uri = SipUri::builder().host("example.com").build().unwrap();
let s = uri.to_string();
assert_eq!(s, "sip:example.com");
```

--------------------------------

### Test allocate timeout setup

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/turn.rs.html

Sets up a mock TURN server and client for testing allocation timeout.

```rust
let mock = MockTurnServer::new().await;
let server = TurnServer::new(mock.addr, "testuser", "testpass");
let mut client = TurnClient::new(server).await.unwrap();
```

--------------------------------

### Test handle_incoming_invite with compatible media

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/session/manager.rs.html

Tests handle_incoming_invite with a compatible SDP. Expects a successful result, one call created, direction Inbound, state Ringing, and an audio port >= 10000.

```rust
let mut manager = CallManager::new(ManagerConfig::default());

let dialog = Dialog::new_uas(
    "call-123".to_string(),
    "from-tag".to_string(),
    "to-tag".to_string(),
    "sip:alice@example.com".to_string(),
    "sip:bob@example.com".to_string(),
    1,
);

let offer_sdp = test_sdp();
let result = manager.handle_incoming_invite(dialog, &offer_sdp);

assert!(result.is_some());
let (call_id, answer_sdp, _port) = result.unwrap();

assert_eq!(manager.call_count(), 1);

let call = manager.get_call(&call_id).unwrap();
assert_eq!(call.direction(), CallDirection::Inbound);
assert_eq!(call.state(), CallState::Ringing);

// Check answer SDP has correct port
let audio = answer_sdp.audio_media().unwrap();
assert!(audio.port >= 10000);
```

--------------------------------

### unwrap_or default example

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/core/error/type.Result.html

Shows how unwrap_or returns the contained Ok value or a provided default. The example uses a default of 2 and tests both Ok and Err cases.

```rust
let default = 2;
let x: Result<u32, &str> = Ok(9);
assert_eq!(x.unwrap_or(default), 9);

let x: Result<u32, &str> = Err("error");
assert_eq!(x.unwrap_or(default), default);
```

--------------------------------

### Test handle_invite_success with no media

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/session/manager.rs.html

Tests handle_invite_success with a video-only answer SDP. Expects false, indicating no compatible media.

```rust
let mut manager = CallManager::new(ManagerConfig::default());
let call_id = manager.create_call("sip:bob@example.com".to_string());

let dialog = Dialog::new_uac(
    "call-123".to_string(),
    "from-tag".to_string(),
    "to-tag".to_string(),
    "sip:alice@example.com".to_string(),
    "sip:bob@example.com".to_string(),
    1,
);

let answer_sdp = test_video_only_sdp();
let result =
    manager.handle_invite_success(&call_id, dialog, &answer_sdp, None, Instant::now());

assert!(!result);
```

--------------------------------

### Test TURN client create_permission success

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/turn.rs.html

Sets up a TURN allocation, spawns a mock server that responds to a permission request, and verifies that create_permission succeeds. The mock server reads the transaction ID from the request and sends a success response.

```rust
let mock = MockTurnServer::new().await;
let server = TurnServer::new(mock.addr, "testuser", "testpass");
let mut client = TurnClient::new(server).await.unwrap();

// Set up allocation manually
client.allocation = Some(TurnAllocation {
    relayed_addr: "1.2.3.4:5000".parse().unwrap(),
    mapped_addr: "5.6.7.8:6000".parse().unwrap(),
    lifetime: 600,
    realm: "test.realm".to_string(),
    nonce: "testnonce".to_string(),
});

let peer_addr: SocketAddr = "10.0.0.100:5060".parse().unwrap();

// Spawn mock server
let mock_socket = mock.socket;
tokio::spawn(async move {
    let mut buf = [0u8; 4096];
    let (_, peer) = mock_socket.recv_from(&mut buf).await.unwrap();

    let mut txn_id = [0u8; 12];
    txn_id.copy_from_slice(&buf[8..20]);

    let response = MockTurnServer::build_permission_success(&txn_id);
    mock_socket.send_to(&response, peer).await.unwrap();
});

let result = client.create_permission(peer_addr).await;
assert!(result.is_ok());
```

--------------------------------

### Reject empty start line after split_message

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/sip/parser/framing.rs.html

Tests that `split_message` accepts a message consisting only of `\r\n\r\n`, but the resulting empty start line is rejected by both `parse_request_line` and `parse_status_line`. This confirms the layered rejection behavior.

```rust
let res = split_message(b"\r\n\r\n");
// split_message itself accepts (separator at offset 0).
assert!(res.is_ok(), "split_message accepts \r\n\r\n");
let (start, _hdr, _body) = res.unwrap();
assert!(start.is_empty(), "start line is empty");
// Both downstream start-line parsers reject empty input.
assert!(parse_request_line(start).is_err());
assert!(parse_status_line(start).is_err());
```

--------------------------------

### Example using BitrateBridge::poll()

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/session/bitrate_bridge.rs.html

Example from module docs showing how to instantiate BitrateBridge and call poll() with a target bitrate, checking if the codec was updated. Uses a `?` operator assuming a Result-returning context.

```rust
use std::time::Instant;
use rsiprtp::session::BitrateBridge;

let mut bridge = BitrateBridge::new();
let applied = bridge.poll(cc.target_bitrate(), &mut codec, Instant::now())?;
if applied {
    tracing::debug!("encoder bitrate updated");
}
```

--------------------------------

### test_sdp_builder_multiple_media: add two media

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/sdp/builder.rs.html

Verifies that adding two media via add_media results in two media entries.

```rust
#[test]
fn test_sdp_builder_multiple_media() {
    let addr = IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 1));
    let sdp = SdpBuilder::new(addr)
        .add_media(MediaBuilder::audio(5000).pcmu())
        .add_media(MediaBuilder::audio(5002).pcma())
        .build();

    assert_eq!(sdp.media.len(), 2);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Test receiver start and end events

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/rtp/dtmf.rs.html

Tests that a start event without an end returns None and sets the current digit, while a subsequent end event returns the digit. Requires a DtmfReceiver instance.

```rust
let start_event = DtmfEvent::new(DtmfDigit::Seven, 100);
let result = receiver.process_packet(101, &start_event.encode());
assert!(result.is_none()); // Not complete yet
assert_eq!(receiver.current_digit(), Some(DtmfDigit::Seven));

// End event
let end_event = DtmfEvent::new(DtmfDigit::Seven, 500).with_end();
let result = receiver.process_packet(101, &end_event.encode());
assert_eq!(result, Some(DtmfDigit::Seven));
```

--------------------------------

### test_sdp_builder_audio_shorthand: add audio media

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/sdp/builder.rs.html

Verifies that the audio shorthand adds one media with the given port.

```rust
#[test]
fn test_sdp_builder_audio_shorthand() {
    let addr = IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 1));
    let sdp = SdpBuilder::new(addr).audio(49170).build();

    assert_eq!(sdp.media.len(), 1);
    assert_eq!(sdp.media[0].port, 49170);
}
```

--------------------------------

### StunServer::new

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/stun.rs.html

Creates a custom STUN server with the given address and name. This is a synchronous constructor.

```APIDOC
## StunServer::new

### Description
Creates a custom STUN server with the given address and name. This is a synchronous constructor.

### Method
fn new(addr: SocketAddr, name: &'static str) -> Self

### Parameters
- `addr` (SocketAddr) - Required - The server address.
- `name` (&'static str) - Required - The server name for logging.

### Returns
- `Self` - The new StunServer instance.
```

--------------------------------

### and_then with Path metadata example

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/core/error/type.Result.html

Demonstrates using and_then with metadata() and modified() to chain fallible operations on a Path. The example checks that the root path succeeds and a bad path fails with ErrorKind::NotFound.

```rust
use std::{io::ErrorKind, path::Path};

// Note: on Windows "/" maps to "C:\"
let root_modified_time = Path::new("/").metadata().and_then(|md| md.modified());
assert!(root_modified_time.is_ok());

let should_fail = Path::new("/bad/path").metadata().and_then(|md| md.modified());
assert!(should_fail.is_err());
assert_eq!(should_fail.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::NotFound);
```

--------------------------------

### ICE agent candidate gathering example

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/ice/index.html

Example usage of the ICE agent to gather local candidates. It creates an IceAgent with default configuration and the Controlling role, then calls gather_candidates() and prints the number of candidates.

```rust
use rsiprtp::ice::{IceAgent, IceConfig, IceRole, StunServer};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    // Create ICE agent
    let config = IceConfig::default();
    let agent = IceAgent::new(config, IceRole::Controlling);

    // Gather local candidates
    let candidates = agent.gather_candidates().await?;
    println!("Gathered {} candidates", candidates.len());

    Ok(())
}

```

--------------------------------

### Create a CallManager and initiate an outbound call

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/session/index.html

Shows how to create a `CallManager` with default configuration and create an outbound call to a SIP URI. The `call_id` returned can be used to manage the call.

```rust
use rsiprtp::session::{CallManager, ManagerConfig};

let config = ManagerConfig::default();
let mut manager = CallManager::new(config);

// Create an outbound call
let call_id = manager.create_call("sip:bob@example.com".to_string());
```

--------------------------------

### Add bandwidth to SDP media

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/sdp/builder.rs.html

Builds an SDP with a single audio media and then inserts a bandwidth attribute (AS:64) into the media's bandwidth map. Verifies the output contains the expected 'b=AS:64' line.

```rust
let addr = IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 1));
let mut sdp = SdpBuilder::new(addr)
    .add_media(MediaBuilder::audio(5000).pcmu())
    .build();

// Add bandwidth
sdp.media[0].bandwidth.insert("AS".to_string(), 64);

let s = sdp.to_string();
assert!(s.contains("b=AS:64"));
```

--------------------------------

### sender

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/transport/struct.TlsTransport.html

Get a sender handle.

```APIDOC
## sender

### Description
Get a sender handle.

### Method
sender

### Returns
TlsSender - A sender handle.

```

--------------------------------

### local_addr

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/transport/struct.TlsTransport.html

Get the local address.

```APIDOC
## local_addr

### Description
Get the local address.

### Method
local_addr

### Returns
SocketAddr - The local address.

```

--------------------------------

### codecs

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/session/struct.CallManager.html

Get the supported codecs.

```APIDOC
## codecs

### Description
Get the supported codecs.

### Method
pub fn

### Signature
pub fn codecs(&self) -> &[Codec]

### Parameters
None.

### Returns
- **&[Codec]** - The slice of supported codecs.
```

--------------------------------

### SDP module overview and re-exports

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/sdp/mod.rs.html

Module-level documentation and re-exports for the SDP module. Shows how to build an SDP offer with SdpBuilder and MediaBuilder, parse it with SessionDescription::parse, and lists the public types re-exported from builder, negotiation, and parser submodules.

```rust
//! SDP (Session Description Protocol) handling.
//!
//! Implements SDP parsing, building, and the offer/answer model per RFC 3264.
//!
//! # Overview
//!
//! This crate provides:
//! - SDP parsing (`SessionDescription::parse`)
//! - SDP building (`SdpBuilder`)
//! - Offer/answer negotiation (`create_answer`, `process_answer`)
//!
//! # Example
//!
//! ```
//! use rsiprtp::sdp::{SessionDescription, SdpBuilder, MediaBuilder, Codec, create_answer};
//! use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr};
//!
//! // Build an SDP offer
//! let addr = IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 1));
//! let offer = SdpBuilder::new(addr)
//!     .add_media(MediaBuilder::audio(49170).pcmu().pcma())
//!     .build();
//!
//! // Parse SDP from string
//! let sdp_str = offer.to_string();
//! let parsed = SessionDescription::parse(&sdp_str).unwrap();
//! ```

pub mod builder;
pub mod ice_attrs;
pub mod negotiation;
pub mod parser;

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests;

// Re-export main types
pub use builder::{MediaBuilder, SdpBuilder};
pub use negotiation::{create_answer, process_answer, Codec, NegotiatedMedia};
pub use parser::{
    Attribute, Connection, Direction, Fmtp, MediaDescription, MediaType, Origin, RtpMap,
    SdpParseError, SessionDescription, Timing,
};
```

--------------------------------

### RouteSet::routes

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/sip/struct.RouteSet.html

Gets the routes.

```APIDOC
## RouteSet::routes

### Description
Gets the routes.

### Method
routes

### Signature
pub fn routes(&self) -> &[Route]

### Parameters
None

### Returns
&[Route] - A slice of the routes in the set.

```

--------------------------------

### Create UAC dialog from INVITE

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/dialog/invite.rs.html

Starts a UAC dialog from an INVITE, preparing for subsequent response handling.

```rust
let invite = create_invite();
        let mut dialog = InviteDialog::new_uac(invite.clone());
```

--------------------------------

### Start connectivity checks

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/ice/agent.rs.html

Starts connectivity checks by setting the ICE state to Checking. Performs STUN connectivity checks on candidate pairs according to RFC 8445, but peer-reflexive discovery for symmetric NAT is not implemented.

```rust
pub async fn start_checks(&self) -> Result<(), IceError> {
    *self.state.write().await = IceState::Checking;
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create two dialogs with SipRequest::builder and assert handles

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/dialog/manager.rs.html

Creates two SIP INVITE requests with distinct call IDs and tags, then creates dialogs via the manager. Asserts that the returned handles differ and that both dialogs are retrievable.

```rust
let invite1 = SipRequest::builder()
    .method(Method::Invite)
    .uri("sip:bob@example.com")
    .via("192.168.1.1", 5060, "UDP", "z9hG4bKtest1")
    .from("sip:alice@example.com", "fromtag1")
    .to("sip:bob@example.com")
    .call_id("call1@example.com")
    .cseq(1)
    .contact("sip:alice@192.168.1.1:5060")
    .build()
    .unwrap();
let handle1 = mgr.create_dialog(invite1).unwrap();

// Create second dialog
let invite2 = SipRequest::builder()
    .method(Method::Invite)
    .uri("sip:carol@example.com")
    .via("192.168.1.1", 5060, "UDP", "z9hG4bKtest2")
    .from("sip:alice@example.com", "fromtag2")
    .to("sip:carol@example.com")
    .call_id("call2@example.com")
    .cseq(1)
    .contact("sip:alice@192.168.1.1:5060")
    .build()
    .unwrap();
let handle2 = mgr.create_dialog(invite2).unwrap();

assert_ne!(handle1, handle2);
assert!(mgr.dialog(handle1).is_some());
assert!(mgr.dialog(handle2).is_some());
```

--------------------------------

### test_update_slow_start: Increase from slow start

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/rtp/session.rs.html

Tests that update() increases target bitrate from slow start after waiting for the increase interval. Uses CongestionController::new() with initial bitrate 100_000, then sleeps 110ms before calling update().

```rust
let mut cc = CongestionController::new(100_000, 10_000, 1_000_000);

        // Wait for increase interval
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(110));

        cc.update();

        // Should have increased from slow start
        assert!(cc.target_bitrate() > 100_000);
```

--------------------------------

### SdpBuilder::build

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/sdp/builder/struct.SdpBuilder.html

Builds the SDP session description.

```APIDOC
## SdpBuilder::build

### Description
Builds the SDP session description.

### Method
build

### Parameters
None

### Returns
- **SessionDescription** - The built SDP session description.

```

--------------------------------

### SdpBuilder::build_string

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/sdp/builder/struct.SdpBuilder.html

Builds and renders the SDP session description to a string.

```APIDOC
## SdpBuilder::build_string

### Description
Builds and renders the SDP session description to a string.

### Method
build_string

### Parameters
None

### Returns
- **String** - The SDP session description as a string.

```

--------------------------------

### new

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/transport/struct.SipResolver.html

Creates a new SIP DNS resolver using the system DNS configuration.

```APIDOC
## new()

### Description
Creates a new SIP DNS resolver using the system DNS configuration.

### Method
new

### Signature
`pub async fn new() -> Result<Self, ResolverError>`

### Parameters
None

### Returns
- `Result<Self, ResolverError>` - A new `SipResolver` instance or a `ResolverError` if creation fails.
```

--------------------------------

### or_else control flow example

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/core/error/type.Result.html

Demonstrates or_else, which calls the provided closure only when the result is Err. The example defines sq and err functions and shows chaining or_else calls to control flow based on result values.

```rust
fn sq(x: u32) -> Result<u32, u32> { Ok(x * x) }
fn err(x: u32) -> Result<u32, u32> { Err(x) }

assert_eq!(Ok(2).or_else(sq).or_else(sq), Ok(2));
assert_eq!(Ok(2).or_else(err).or_else(sq), Ok(2));
assert_eq!(Err(3).or_else(sq).or_else(err), Ok(9));
assert_eq!(Err(3).or_else(err).or_else(err), Err(3));
```

--------------------------------

### Test SDP display media with connection

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/sdp/builder.rs.html

Verifies that a media-level connection is rendered as a 'c=' line in the SDP output.

```rust
let addr = IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 1));
let mut sdp = SdpBuilder::new(addr)
    .add_media(MediaBuilder::audio(5000).pcmu())
    .build();

// Add media-level connection
sdp.media[0].connection = Some(Connection {
    net_type: "IN".to_string(),
    addr_type: "IP4".to_string(),
    address: "10.0.0.1".to_string(),
});

let s = sdp.to_string();
assert!(s.contains("c=IN IP4 10.0.0.1"));
```

--------------------------------

### TcpTransport::sender

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/transport/struct.TcpTransport.html

Gets a sender handle.

```APIDOC
## TcpTransport::sender

### Description
Gets a sender handle.

### Method
async

### Signature
`pub fn sender(&self) -> TcpSender`

### Returns
- `TcpSender` - A sender handle.
```

--------------------------------

### Build WAV file header

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/src/rsiprtp/media/wav.rs.html

Builds a 44-byte WAV header with RIFF, fmt, and data chunks. Assumes PCM format (audio format 1) and calculates byte rate, block align, and file size from the provided parameters.

```rust
fn build_wav_header(
    sample_rate: u32,
    channels: u16,
    bits_per_sample: u16,
    data_size: u32,
) -> Vec<u8> {
    let byte_rate = sample_rate * channels as u32 * (bits_per_sample / 8) as u32;
    let block_align = channels * (bits_per_sample / 8);
    let file_size = 36 + data_size;

    let mut header = Vec::with_capacity(44);

    // RIFF header
    header.extend_from_slice(b"RIFF");
    header.extend_from_slice(&file_size.to_le_bytes());
    header.extend_from_slice(b"WAVE");

    // fmt chunk
    header.extend_from_slice(b"fmt ");
    header.extend_from_slice(&16u32.to_le_bytes()); // Chunk size
    header.extend_from_slice(&1u16.to_le_bytes()); // Audio format (PCM)
    header.extend_from_slice(&channels.to_le_bytes());
    header.extend_from_slice(&sample_rate.to_le_bytes());
    header.extend_from_slice(&byte_rate.to_le_bytes());
    header.extend_from_slice(&block_align.to_le_bytes());
    header.extend_from_slice(&bits_per_sample.to_le_bytes());

    // data chunk
    header.extend_from_slice(b"data");
    header.extend_from_slice(&data_size.to_le_bytes());

    header
}
```

--------------------------------

### NonInviteServerTransaction::state

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/transaction/server/non_invite/struct.NonInviteServerTransaction.html

Get the current state.

```APIDOC
## NonInviteServerTransaction::state

### Description
Get the current state.

### Method
Getter

### Signature
`pub fn state(&self) -> State`

### Returns
- **State** - The current state of the transaction.
```

--------------------------------

### NonInviteServerTransaction::id

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/transaction/server/non_invite/struct.NonInviteServerTransaction.html

Get the transaction ID.

```APIDOC
## NonInviteServerTransaction::id

### Description
Get the transaction ID.

### Method
Getter

### Signature
`pub fn id(&self) -> &TransactionId`

### Returns
- **&TransactionId** - A reference to the transaction ID.
```

--------------------------------

### active_calls

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/session/struct.CallManager.html

Get all active call IDs.

```APIDOC
## active_calls

### Description
Get all active call IDs.

### Method
pub fn

### Signature
pub fn active_calls(&self) -> Vec<CallId>

### Parameters
None.

### Returns
- **Vec<CallId>** - The list of active call IDs.
```

--------------------------------

### NonInviteClientTransaction::id

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/transaction/client/non_invite/struct.NonInviteClientTransaction.html

Gets the transaction ID.

```APIDOC
## NonInviteClientTransaction::id

### Description
Gets the transaction ID.

### Method
id

### Parameters
None

### Returns
- **&TransactionId** - The transaction ID.

```

--------------------------------

### OpusCodec::bitrate

Source: https://docs.rs/rsiprtp/latest/rsiprtp/media/struct.OpusCodec.html

Gets the configured bitrate.

```APIDOC
## OpusCodec::bitrate

### Description
Gets the configured bitrate.

### Method
bitrate

### Signature
`pub fn bitrate(&self) -> Bitrate`

### Parameters
None

### Returns
- `Bitrate` - The configured bitrate.

```