Pest

https://pestphp.com/docs
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### Install Livewire Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/plugins

Install the Livewire plugin via Composer for development environments.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-livewire --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install AI Guidelines and Skills

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/agent

Use Laravel Boost to install the necessary guidelines and skills for the AI agent.

```bash
php artisan boost:install
```

--------------------------------

### Drift Output Example

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/migrating-from-phpunit-guide

Example of the console output generated after running the drift command on a specific folder.

```plain
./vendor/bin/pest --drift tests/Helpers

✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔

INFO  The [tests/Helpers] directory has been migrated to PEST with XY files changed.
```

--------------------------------

### toStartWith(string $expected)

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/expectations

Ensures that the value starts with the provided string.

```APIDOC
## toStartWith(string $expected)

### Description
Ensures that the value starts with the provided string.

### Parameters
- **$expected** (string) - Required - The prefix to check for.
```

--------------------------------

### Install Browser Testing Dependencies

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/agent

Install the browser testing plugin and Playwright to enable frontend verification capabilities.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-browser --dev

npm install playwright@latest
npx playwright install
```

--------------------------------

### Install Laravel Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/plugins

Install the Laravel plugin via Composer for development environments.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-laravel --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Pest Agent Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/agent

Install the plugin via Composer to enable the --agent option in Pest.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-agent --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Type Coverage Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/type-coverage

Install the plugin as a development dependency via Composer.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-type-coverage --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Stress Testing Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Install the Stressless plugin via Composer as a development dependency.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-stressless --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Rector Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest5-now-available

Install the Pest Rector plugin and Rector as development dependencies.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-rector --dev
composer require rector/rector --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Mockery via Composer

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/mocking

Use this command to add the Mockery library as a development dependency.

```bash
composer require mockery/mockery --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Faker Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/plugins

Install the Faker plugin via Composer for development environments.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-faker --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Pest PHPStan Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/phpstan

Install the plugin as a development dependency using Composer.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-phpstan --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Drift Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/migrating-from-phpunit-guide

Add the drift plugin as a development dependency to your project.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-drift --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Laravel AI Driver

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Install the Laravel AI package to provide default drivers for AI-powered scorers.

```bash
composer require laravel/ai --dev
```

--------------------------------

### PHPUnit Test Example

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest-spicy-summer-release

A standard PHPUnit test class structure before migration.

```php
<?php

namespace Tests\Unit;

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
    public function test_that_true_is_true(): void
    {
        $this->assertTrue(true);
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Validate String Start

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/expectations

Ensures the string starts with the provided substring.

```php
expect('Hello World')->toStartWith('Hello');
```

--------------------------------

### Example method missing type hints

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest-spicy-summer-release

A PHP method lacking parameter and return type declarations.

```php
public function find($id)
{
    return User::find($id);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Install the Profanity plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/profanity

Add the plugin to your project as a development dependency using Composer.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-profanity --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Install Pest Evals Plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Install the plugin via Composer to enable evaluation capabilities in your Pest test suite.

```bash
composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-evals --dev
```

--------------------------------

### Configure GitHub Actions for Browser Testing

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Add these steps to your GitHub Actions workflow file to set up Node.js, install dependencies, and prepare Playwright browsers.

```yaml
    - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
      with:
        node-version: lts/*

    - name: Install dependencies
      run: npm ci

    - name: Install Playwright Browsers
      run: npx playwright install --with-deps
```

--------------------------------

### Define Architectural Rules

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Examples of defining various architectural expectations and presets for an application.

```php
arch()
    ->expect('App')
    ->toUseStrictTypes()
    ->not->toUse(['die', 'dd', 'dump']);

arch()
    ->expect('App\Models')
    ->toBeClasses()
    ->toExtend('Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model')
    ->toOnlyBeUsedIn('App\Repositories')
    ->ignoring('App\Models\User');

arch()
    ->expect('App\Http')
    ->toOnlyBeUsedIn('App\Http');
    
arch()
    ->expect('App\*\Traits')
    ->toBeTraits();

arch()->preset()->php();
arch()->preset()->security()->ignoring('md5');
```

--------------------------------

### Install Pest via Composer

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs

Removes PHPUnit and adds Pest as a development dependency with all required dependencies.

```bash
composer remove phpunit/phpunit
composer require pestphp/pest --dev --with-all-dependencies
```

--------------------------------

### CI Configuration for Test Sharding

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest-v4-is-here-now-with-browser-testing

Example GitHub Actions matrix strategy to distribute test shards across multiple jobs.

```yaml
strategy:
  matrix:
    shard: [1, 2, 3, 4]

name: Tests (Shard ${{ matrix.shard }}/4)

steps:
  - name: Run tests
    run: ./vendor/bin/pest --parallel --shard ${{ matrix.shard }}/4
```

--------------------------------

### Example shards.json structure

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/continuous-integration

The format of the timing data file generated by Pest.

```json
{
    "timings": {
        "Tests\\Feature\\Payments\\StripeCheckoutTest": 1.608,
        "Tests\\Feature\\Reports\\SalesReportTest": 2.105,
        "Tests\\Unit\\Models\\UserTest": 0.050
    },
    "checksum": "...",
    "updated_at": "2026-04-14T10:30:00+00:00"
}
```

--------------------------------

### PHPUnit to Pest Conversion Example

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/migrating-from-phpunit-guide

Comparison of a standard PHPUnit test class and its equivalent converted Pest test.

```php
<?php

namespace Tests\Unit;

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
    public function test_that_true_is_true(): void
    {
        $this->assertTrue(true);
    }
}
```

```php
test('true is true', function () {
    expect(true)->toBeTrue();
});
```

--------------------------------

### Define and Use Custom Architecture Presets

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Demonstrates creating a custom preset and accessing PSR-4 namespaces, followed by invoking the custom preset.

```php
pest()->presets()->custom('ddd', function () {
    return [
        expect('Infrastructure')->toOnlyBeUsedIn('Application'),
        expect('Domain')->toOnlyBeUsedIn('Application'),
    ];
});
```

```php
pest()->presets()->custom('silex', function (array $userNamespaces) {
    var_dump($userNamespaces); // array(1) { [0]=> string(3) "App" }
    return [
        expect($userNamespaces)->toBeArray(),
    ];
});
```

```php
arch()->preset()->silex();
```

--------------------------------

### GitHub Actions sharding configuration

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/continuous-integration

Example workflow configuration for running sharded tests in GitHub Actions.

```yml
strategy:
  matrix:
    shard: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

name: Tests (Shard ${{ matrix.shard }}/5)

steps:
  - name: Run tests
    run: ./vendor/bin/pest --shard=${{ matrix.shard }}/5
```

--------------------------------

### View mutation testing results

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/mutation-testing

Example output showing an untested mutation detected by Pest.

```diff
UNTESTED  app/Http/TodoController.php  > Line 44: ReturnValue - ID: 76d17ad63bb7c307

class TodoController {
    public function index(): array
    {
         // pest detected that this code is untested because
         // the test is not covering the return value
-        return Todo::all()->toArray();
+        return [];
    }
}

  Mutations: 1 untested
  Score:     33.44%
```

--------------------------------

### Group tests with describe blocks

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest-spicy-summer-release

Use describe blocks to organize tests and apply shared setup or teardown logic, such as authentication, to a specific subset of tests.

```php
beforeEach(fn () => $this->user = User::factory()->create());

describe('auth', function () {
    beforeEach(fn () => $this->actingAs($this->user));

    test('cannot login when already logged in', function () {
        // ...
    });

    test('can logout', function () {
        // ...
    });
})->skip(/* Skip the entire describe block */);

describe('guest', function () {
    test('can login', function () {
        // ...
    });
    
    // ...
});
```

--------------------------------

### Configure output format and display

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/profanity

Use compact mode to hide clean files or export results to a JSON file.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --profanity --compact
```

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --profanity --output=my-report.json
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Browser Testing in GitHub Actions

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/continuous-integration

Additional steps required to install Playwright and run browser tests in parallel.

```yaml
    - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
      with:
        node-version: lts/*

    - name: Install dependencies
      run: npm ci

    - name: Install Playwright Browsers
      run: npx playwright install --with-deps

    - name: Run Browser Tests
      run: ./vendor/bin/pest --ci --parallel
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Pest

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs

Creates the Pest.php configuration file in the test suite root.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --init
```

--------------------------------

### arch()->preset()->php()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Enforces general PHP best practices by avoiding dangerous functions like die() and var_dump().

```APIDOC
## arch()->preset()->php()

### Description
Applies a predefined set of expectations for any PHP project to avoid deprecated functions and dangerous constructs.

### Usage
```php
arch()->preset()->php();
```
```

--------------------------------

### toFollowTrajectory()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Asserts that the agent invoked a sequence of tools in the expected order.

```APIDOC
## toFollowTrajectory(array $sequence, bool $strictOrder = true)

### Description
Asserts that the agent invoked a sequence of tools in the expected order. Other tool calls may occur between the expected steps unless strict order is disabled.

### Parameters
- **$sequence** (array) - Required - An ordered list of tool names.
- **$strictOrder** (bool) - Optional - Defaults to true. Set to false to allow steps to occur in any order.

### Example
```php
expect(SupportAgent::class)
    ->prompt('I want to return my order and get a refund.')
    ->toFollowTrajectory([
        'lookup_order',
        'create_return',
        'issue_refund',
    ]);
```
```

--------------------------------

### Convert str_starts_with to toStartWith

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/rector

Replaces str_starts_with checks with the toStartWith matcher.

```diff
-expect(str_starts_with($string, 'Hello'))->toBeTrue();
+expect($string)->toStartWith('Hello');
```

--------------------------------

### Emulate devices and viewports

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/agent

Check responsive layouts by emulating specific devices or viewports.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='visit("/")->on()->mobile()->screenshot(filename: "home-mobile");'
```

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='visit("/")->on()->iPhone14Pro()->screenshot(filename: "home-iphone");'
```

--------------------------------

### Migrate PHPUnit configuration

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/upgrade-guide

Run the migration command if the XML configuration is deprecated.

```plain
  WARN  Your XML configuration validates against a deprecated schema. Migrate your XML configuration using "--migrate-configuration"!
```

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --migrate-configuration
```

--------------------------------

### Get Page URL

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Retrieves the current URL of the page.

```php
$currentUrl = $page->url();
```

--------------------------------

### Run a basic stress test

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Execute a stress test against a specified URL with default settings.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com
```

--------------------------------

### Get Element Value

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Retrieves the current value of an input element.

```php
$value = $page->value('input[name=email]');
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve request rate

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Get the number of requests per second.

```php
$result->requests()->rate();
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve request count

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Get the total number of requests performed.

```php
$result->requests()->count();
```

--------------------------------

### Verify frontend behavior with Browser Testing plugin

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/agent

Interact with the UI, take screenshots, and assert content using a real browser via the agent.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='visit("/")->screenshot(filename: "homepage");'
```

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='visit("/")->assertSee("Welcome");'
```

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='visit("/")->click("Login")->assertPathIs("/login");'
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Browser Selection

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Specify the browser via command line or set a default in the Pest configuration file.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --browser firefox
./vendor/bin/pest --browser safari
```

```php
pest()->browser()->inFirefox();
pest()->browser()->inSafari();
```

--------------------------------

### Enable Compact Printer via CLI

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/optimizing-tests

Displays only test failures to reduce output noise.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --compact
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Project URL

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/team-management

Specify the project repository in the Pest.php configuration file to link todos to external management systems.

```php
pest()->project()->github('my-organization/my-repository');
```

--------------------------------

### Get Page Content

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Retrieves the full HTML content of the current page.

```php
$html = $page->content();
```

--------------------------------

### Using Glob Patterns for Configuration

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/configuring-tests

Applies a base test case class to multiple files matching a specific glob pattern.

```php
// tests/Pest.php
pest()->extend(Tests\TestCase::class)->in('Feature/*Job*.php');

// This will apply the Tests\TestCase to all test files in the "Feature" directory that contains "Job" in their filename.
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve DNS lookup duration

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Get the DNS lookup duration statistics.

```php
$result->requests()->dnsLookup()->duration()->med();
                                         // ->min();
                                         // ->max();
                                         // ->p90();
                                         // ->p95();
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve TTFB duration

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Get the Time To First Byte duration statistics.

```php
$result->requests()->ttfb()->duration()->med();
                                    // ->min();
                                    // ->max();
                                    // ->p90();
                                    // ->p95();
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve failed request count

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Get the total number of failed requests.

```php
$result->requests()->failed()->count();
```

--------------------------------

### Assert tool sequence with toFollowTrajectory()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Ensures the agent executes a specific sequence of tools in order. By default, intermediate tool calls are ignored unless strict ordering is enforced.

```php
expect(SupportAgent::class)
    ->prompt('I want to return my order and get a refund.')
    ->toFollowTrajectory([
        'lookup_order',
        'create_return',
        'issue_refund',
    ]);
```

--------------------------------

### Define multiple global hooks in configuration

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/global-hooks

Demonstrates applying various lifecycle hooks to a specific test group and directory.

```php
pest()->extend(TestCase::class)->beforeAll(function () {
    // Runs before each file...
})->beforeEach(function () {
    // Runs before each test...
})->afterEach(function () {
    // Runs after each test...
})->afterAll(function () {
    // Runs after each file...
})->group('integration')->in('Feature');
```

--------------------------------

### Matcher value type mismatch

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/phpstan

Example of calling a matcher on a value that does not meet its requirements.

```php
expect(10)->toStartWith('1'); // toStartWith() requires a string
```

--------------------------------

### Get Element Attribute

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Retrieves the value of a specific attribute from an element matching the selector.

```php
$alt = $page->attribute('img', 'alt');
```

--------------------------------

### Combine Frontend and Backend Assertions

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/agent

Use the --agent flag to execute browser interactions followed by backend assertions in a single command.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='\Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail::fake(); visit("/contact")->type("email", "test@example.com")->type("message", "Hello")->press("Send")->assertSee("Message sent"); \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail::assertSent(\App\Mail\ContactForm::class);'
```

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='visit("/checkout")->type("card", "4242424242424242")->press("Pay")->assertSee("Transaction processed"); expect(\App\Models\Order::count())->toBe(1);'
```

--------------------------------

### Retrieve failed request rate

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Get the number of failed requests per second.

```php
$result->requests()->failed()->rate();
```

--------------------------------

### Invalid throws() exceptions

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/phpstan

Examples of using throws() with a class reference or an exception message string.

```php
it('rejects invalid input', function () {
    // ...
})->throws(ValidationException::class);

it('fails gracefully', function () {
    // ...
})->throws('Something went wrong'); // treated as the expected message
```

--------------------------------

### Configure AI drivers via environment variables

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Set provider and model preferences using standard environment variables.

```ini
PEST_EVALS_LARAVEL_SCORING_PROVIDER=openai
PEST_EVALS_LARAVEL_SCORING_MODEL=gpt-5.4-nano
PEST_EVALS_LARAVEL_EMBEDDING_PROVIDER=openai
PEST_EVALS_LARAVEL_EMBEDDING_MODEL=text-embedding-3-small
```

--------------------------------

### Perform a complex browser interaction test

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Demonstrates a sign-in flow including browser configuration, form interaction, and Laravel-specific assertions.

```php
it('may sign in the user', function () {
    Event::fake();

    User::factory()->create([ // assumes RefreshDatabase trait is used on Pest.php...
        'email' => 'nuno@laravel.com',
        'password' => 'password',
    ]);

    $page = visit('/')->on()->mobile()->firefox();

    $page->click('Sign In')
         ->assertUrlIs('/login')
         ->assertSee('Sign In to Your Account')
         ->fill('email', 'nuno@laravel.com')
         ->fill('password', 'password')
         ->click('Submit')
         ->assertSee('Dashboard');

    $this->assertAuthenticated();

    Event::assertDispatched(UserLoggedIn::class);
});
```

--------------------------------

### Impossible expectation error

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/phpstan

Example of a type assertion that fails because the value type is incompatible with the matcher.

```php
expect(10)->toBeString(); // an int can never be a string
```

--------------------------------

### Verify naming conventions with toHavePrefix and toHaveSuffix

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Ensures files within a namespace follow specific naming prefixes or suffixes.

```php
arch('app')
    ->expect('App\Helpers')
    ->not->toHavePrefix('Helper');
```

```php
arch('app')
    ->expect('App\Http\Controllers')
    ->toHaveSuffix('Controller');
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Browser Settings

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Set global browser configurations like timeouts, user agents, and hosts in the Pest configuration file.

```php
pest()->browser()->timeout(10000);
```

```php
pest()->browser()->userAgent('CustomUserAgent');
```

```php
pest()->browser()->withHost('some-subdomain.localhost');
```

--------------------------------

### Get Element Text

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Retrieves the text content of an element matching the provided CSS selector.

```php
$text = $page->text('.header');
```

--------------------------------

### Apply datasets via beforeEach

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/datasets

Uses beforeEach with a dataset to provide values to all tests within a describe block scope.

```php
describe('user settings', function () {
    beforeEach()->with([10, 20, 30]);

    test('receives the dataset value', function (int $value) {
        expect($value)->toBeGreaterThan(0);
    });
});
```

--------------------------------

### Snapshot an Array

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/snapshot-testing

Demonstrates snapshotting arbitrary data structures like arrays.

```php
$array = /** Fetch array somewhere */;

expect($array)->toMatchSnapshot();
```

--------------------------------

### Access Plugin Method in Tests

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/creating-plugins

Invoke the custom plugin method within a test closure after installation.

```php
test('plugin example', function () {
    $this->myPluginMethod();

    //
})
```

--------------------------------

### Redundant local uses

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/phpstan

Example of applying a trait locally that is already applied globally in the Pest configuration.

```php
// tests/Pest.php
pest()->extend(TestCase::class)->use(RefreshDatabase::class)->in('Feature');

// tests/Feature/ExampleTest.php
uses(RefreshDatabase::class); // already applied through tests/Pest.php
```

--------------------------------

### Static test closure error

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/phpstan

Example of a static closure which prevents binding the test case instance to $this.

```php
it('does something', static function () { // remove the "static" keyword
    // ...
});
```

--------------------------------

### Redundant expectation error

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/phpstan

Example of a type assertion that is redundant because the value type already guarantees the condition.

```php
expect('pest')->toBeString(); // the value is already known to be a string
```

--------------------------------

### Verify Method Documentation

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Ensures all methods within a namespace have associated documentation.

```php
arch('app')
    ->expect('App')
    ->toHaveMethodsDocumented();
```

--------------------------------

### Migrate to the new Pest 3 configuration API

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest3-now-available

Transition from the legacy uses() function to the fluent pest() configuration API for better readability and structure.

```diff
-uses(TestCase::class)->in(__DIR__);
+pest()->extends(TestCase::class);

-uses(TestCase::class, RefreshDatabase::class)->in('Features');
+pest()->extends(TestCase::class)->use(RefreshDatabase::class)->in('Features');

-uses()->compact();
+pest()->printer()->compact();
```

--------------------------------

### Example of a tested mutation

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/mutation-testing

A mutation is considered tested when the test suite fails due to the introduced change.

```diff
class TodoController
{
    public function index(): array
    {
-        return Todo::all()->toArray();
+        return [];
    }
}

it('list todos', function () {
    Todo::factory()->create(['name' => 'Buy milk']);

    // this fails because the mutation changed the return value, proving that the test is working and testing the return value...
    $this->getJson('/todos')->assertStatus(200)->assertJsonContains([
        ['name' => 'Buy milk'],
    ]);
});
```

--------------------------------

### Consistent Sampling with repeat()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Use repeat() to generate multiple samples for a prompt to ensure consistent agent behavior across all responses.

```php
it('is consistent across multiple samples', function (): void {
    expect(CapitalCityAgent::class)
        ->prompt('What is the capital of Australia?')
        ->repeat(3)
        ->toMatch('/Canberra/i');
});
```

```php
expect(CapitalCityAgent::class)
    ->prompt('What is the capital of Australia?')
    ->repeat(3)
    ->not->toContain('Sydney');
```

--------------------------------

### arch()->preset()->laravel()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Enforces Laravel-specific architectural conventions.

```APIDOC
## arch()->preset()->laravel()

### Description
Ensures the project structure adheres to standard Laravel conventions, such as controller naming and method restrictions.

### Usage
```php
arch()->preset()->laravel();
```
```

--------------------------------

### Mutation testing score output

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/mutation-testing

Example of the final mutation score output after improving test coverage.

```bash
  Mutations: 1 tested
  Score:     100.00%
```

--------------------------------

### Configure TIA Baseline GitHub Workflow

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/tia

A starter GitHub Actions workflow to generate and upload the TIA baseline as an artifact.

```yaml
name: TIA Baseline
on:
  push: { branches: [main] }
  schedule: [{ cron: '0 3 * * *' }]
  workflow_dispatch:
jobs:
  baseline:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with: { fetch-depth: 0 }
      - uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
        with: { php-version: '8.4', coverage: xdebug }
      - run: composer install --no-interaction --prefer-dist

      - name: Run tests
        run: ./vendor/bin/pest --parallel --tia --coverage --fresh

      - name: Resolve TIA baseline path
        id: baseline
        run: echo "path=$(./vendor/bin/pest --baseline)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"

      - name: Upload TIA baseline
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: pest-tia-baseline
          path: ${{ steps.baseline.outputs.path }}
          include-hidden-files: true
          retention-days: 30
```

--------------------------------

### Tia Engine test output

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest5-now-available

Example output showing replayed test results using the Tia Engine.

```text
Tests:    774 passed (2658 assertions, 7 affected, 2 uncached, 765 replayed)
Duration: 3.92s
```

--------------------------------

### Visit Multiple Pages

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Navigate to multiple URLs simultaneously and perform batch assertions.

```php
$pages = visit(['/', '/about']);

$pages->assertNoSmoke()
    ->assertNoAccessibilityIssues()
    ->assertNoConsoleLogs()
    ->assertNoJavaScriptErrors();

[$homePage, $aboutPage] = $pages;

$homePage->assertSee('Welcome to our website');
$aboutPage->assertSee('About Us');
```

--------------------------------

### Example of an untested mutation

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/mutation-testing

A mutation is considered untested when the test suite continues to pass despite the introduced change.

```diff
class TodoController
{
    public function index(): array
    {
-        return Todo::all()->toArray();
+        return [];
    }
}

it('list todos', function () {
    Todo::factory()->create(['name' => 'Buy milk']);

    // this test still passes even though the return value was changed by the mutation...
    $this->getJson('/todos')->assertStatus(200);
});
```

--------------------------------

### Verify Property Documentation

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Ensures all properties within a namespace have associated documentation.

```php
arch('app')
    ->expect('App')
    ->toHavePropertiesDocumented();
```

--------------------------------

### withHost(host)

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Sets the host for the test server to test subdomains or host-specific content.

```APIDOC
## withHost(host)

### Description
Sets the host for your test server.

### Parameters
- **host** (string) - Required - The host string (e.g., 'some-subdomain.localhost').
```

--------------------------------

### Write an Eval Test

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Use the expect() function with an agent class and the prompt() method to assert against AI responses.

```php
use App\Agents\CapitalCityAgent;

it('answers capital city questions correctly', function (): void {
    expect(CapitalCityAgent::class)
        ->prompt('What is the capital of France?')
        ->toContain('Paris');
});
```

--------------------------------

### toBeTraits()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Ensures that all files within a given namespace are traits.

```APIDOC
## toBeTraits()

### Description
The `toBeTraits()` method ensures that all files within a given namespace are traits.

### Usage
```php
arch('app')
    ->expect('App\Concerns')
    ->toBeTraits();
```
```

--------------------------------

### Visit a Page

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Navigate to a URL and perform assertions on the page content.

```php
test('example', function () {
    $page = visit('/');

    $page->assertSee('Welcome');
});
```

--------------------------------

### Test Livewire Components

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/plugins

Use the livewire() function to interact with and assert against Livewire components.

```php
use function Pest\Livewire\livewire;

it('can be incremented', function () {
    livewire(Counter::class)
        ->call('increment')
        ->assertSee(1);
});

it('can be decremented', function () {
    livewire(Counter::class)
        ->call('decrement')
        ->assertSee(-1);
});
```

--------------------------------

### Evaluate AI with attachments

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Pass files like images or documents as the second argument to the prompt method.

```php
use Laravel\Ai\Files\Image;

expect(VisionAgent::class)
    ->prompt('Describe this image.', attachments: [Image::fromPath('chart.png')])
    ->toBeRelevant();
```

--------------------------------

### Run Drift Migration

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/migrating-from-phpunit-guide

Execute the drift command to automatically convert PHPUnit tests to Pest.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --drift
```

--------------------------------

### arch()->preset()->security()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Enforces security standards by flagging potentially dangerous functions like eval() and md5().

```APIDOC
## arch()->preset()->security()

### Description
Applies security-focused expectations to prevent the use of functions that could lead to vulnerabilities.

### Usage
```php
arch()->preset()->security();
```
```

--------------------------------

### Run Pest Tests

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs

Executes the test suite using the Pest binary.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest
```

--------------------------------

### Configure User Agent

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Sets the User-Agent header to simulate different client types like mobile browsers or bots.

```php
$page = visit('/')->withUserAgent('Googlebot');

$page->assertSee('Welcome, bot!');
```

--------------------------------

### beforeEach()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/hooks

Executes a closure before every test within the current file or describe block.

```APIDOC
## beforeEach(callable $callback)

### Description
Executes the provided closure before every test within the current file or describe block, ensuring necessary setup or configuration is completed.

### Usage
```php
beforeEach(function () {
    // Setup logic
});
```
```

--------------------------------

### Define a suite-wide global beforeEach hook

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/global-hooks

Executes the provided logic before every test in the entire suite.

```php
pest()->beforeEach(function () {
    // Interact with your database...
});
```

--------------------------------

### Use beforeEach hook

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/hooks

Executes a closure before every test in the file. Useful for initializing shared properties.

```php
beforeEach(function () {
    // Prepare something before each test run...
});
```

```php
beforeEach(function () {
    $this->userRepository = new UserRepository();
});

it('may be created', function () {
    $user = $this->userRepository->create();

    expect($user)->toBeInstanceOf(User::class);
});
```

--------------------------------

### Combining todos with metadata

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/team-management

Use describe blocks to group tests and apply metadata like assignees, issues, and PRs across multiple tests.

```php
describe('contacts', function () {
    it('has a contact page', function () {
        //
    })->issue(123); // or ->pr(123) etc
    
    it('has a contact form', function () {
        //
    })->done(pr: 567);
})->wip(assignee: 'nunomaduro');
```

--------------------------------

### Simplify Filesystem Matchers

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/rector

Simplifies combined filesystem checks to single Pest matchers.

```diff
-expect(is_file($path) && is_readable($path))->toBeTrue();
+expect($path)->toBeReadableFile();
```

--------------------------------

### Run tests in headed mode

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Executes tests with a visible browser window, either via CLI or configuration.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --headed
```

```php
pest()->browser()->headed();
```

--------------------------------

### Define a Test with test()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/writing-tests

Use the test() function to define a basic test case with a description and an expectation.

```php
test('sum', function () {
   $result = sum(1, 2);

   expect($result)->toBe(3);
});
```

--------------------------------

### Run Multiple Verifications

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/agent

Pass the --agent option multiple times to execute isolated verification snippets in one run.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='expect(\App\Models\Order::count())->toBe(1);' --agent='visit("/")->assertSee("Welcome");'
```

--------------------------------

### pest()->presets()->custom()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Allows defining and registering custom architectural presets.

```APIDOC
## pest()->presets()->custom()

### Description
Defines a custom set of architectural expectations that can be reused across projects.

### Parameters
- **name** (string) - The name of the preset.
- **callback** (callable) - A function returning an array of expectations.

### Usage
```php
pest()->presets()->custom('my-preset', function () {
    return [
        expect('App')->toOnlyBeUsedIn('Tests'),
    ];
});

// Usage
arch()->preset()->my_preset();
```
```

--------------------------------

### Marking a test as work in progress

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/team-management

The wip method converts a todo into a regular test while preserving metadata like assignees and issues.

```php
it('has a contact page', function () {
    //
})->wip(assignee: 'nunomaduro', issue: 123);
```

--------------------------------

### toHavePrefix()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Ensures that all files within a given namespace have a specific prefix.

```APIDOC
## toHavePrefix(string $prefix)

### Description
Ensures that all files within a given namespace have a specific prefix.

### Usage
```php
arch('app')
    ->expect('App\Helpers')
    ->not->toHavePrefix('Helper');
```
```

--------------------------------

### Convert uses to extend

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/rector

Updates legacy uses calls to the new extend or use syntax for Pest 3 migration.

```diff
-uses(Tests\TestCase::class)->in('Feature');
+pest()->extend(Tests\TestCase::class)->in('Feature');
```

--------------------------------

### Attach datasets to describe blocks

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/datasets

Applies a dataset to all tests within a describe block using the with method.

```php
describe('user notifications', function () {
    test('can send notification', function (string $channel) {
        expect($channel)->toBeString();
    });

    test('can queue notification', function (string $channel) {
        expect($channel)->toBeIn(['mail', 'sms']);
    });
})->with(['mail', 'sms']);
```

--------------------------------

### Profile Pest Test Suite

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/optimizing-tests

Run the Pest test suite with the --profile flag to generate a report of the slowest tests.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --profile
```

--------------------------------

### Multiple Test Dependencies

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/test-dependencies

A test can depend on multiple parents, with return values passed as arguments in the order specified.

```php
test('a', function () {
    expect(true)->toBeTrue();

    return 'a';
});

test('b', function () {
    expect(true)->toBeTrue();

    return 'b';
});

test('c', function () {
    expect(true)->toBeTrue();

    return 'c';
});

test('d', function ($testA, $testC, $testB) {
    var_dump($testA); // a
    var_dump($testB); // b
    var_dump($testC); // c
})->depends('a', 'b', 'c');
```

--------------------------------

### Applying Multiple Classes and Traits

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/configuring-tests

Uses a pattern to match directories while applying both a base test case class and a trait.

```php
// tests/Pest.php
pest()
    ->extend(DuskTestCase::class)
    ->use(DatabaseMigrations::class)
    ->in('../Modules/*/Tests/Browser');

// This will apply the DuskTestCase class and the DatabaseMigrations trait to all test files within any module's "Browser" directory.
```

--------------------------------

### Run individual test file

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/filtering-tests

Execute a specific test file by passing its path as an argument.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest tests/Unit/TestExample.php
```

--------------------------------

### Define a basic dataset in Pest

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/datasets

Use the with method to pass an array of values to a test, which will execute once for each item.

```php
it('has emails', function (string $email) {
    expect($email)->not->toBeEmpty();
})->with(['enunomaduro@gmail.com', 'other@example.com']);
```

--------------------------------

### Use beforeAll hook

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/hooks

Executes once before any tests in the file run. Note that $this is not available.

```php
beforeAll(function () {
    // Prepare something once before any of this file's tests run...
});
```

--------------------------------

### Verify file system permissions with toHaveFileSystemPermissions

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Ensures files within a namespace adhere to specific file system permissions.

```php
arch('app')
    ->expect('App')
    ->not->toHaveFileSystemPermissions('0777');
```

--------------------------------

### Using defer() for runtime assertions

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/higher-order-testing

Utilize the defer method to perform assertions on objects created at runtime.

```php
it('creates admins')
    ->defer(fn () => $this->artisan('user:create --admin'))
    ->assertDatabaseHas('users', ['id' => 1]);
```

--------------------------------

### Migrate to architectural expectations

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/upgrade-guide

Update to use class names instead of objects for toHaveMethod expectations.

```diff
-expect($object)->toHaveMethod('method');
+expect($object::class)->toHaveMethod('method');
```

--------------------------------

### Write a Browser Test in Pest

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest-v4-is-here-now-with-browser-testing

Demonstrates a browser test using Laravel testing helpers, database factories, and browser interaction methods.

```php
it('may reset the password', function () {
    // access any laravel testing helpers...
    Notification::fake();

    // access to the database — using the RefreshDatabase trait (even sqlite in memory...)
    $this->actingAs(User::factory()->create());

    $page = visit('/sign-in') // visit on a real browser...
        ->on()->mobile() // or ->desktop(), ->tablet(), etc...
        ->inDarkMode(); // or ->inLightMode()

    $page->assertSee('Sign In')
         ->click('Forgot Password?')
         ->type('email', 'nuno@laravel.com')
         ->press('Send Reset Link')
         ->assertSee('We have emailed your password reset link!')
         ->assertNoJavascriptErrors(); // or ->assertNoConsoleLogs()

    Notification::assertSent(ResetPassword::class);
});
```

--------------------------------

### Convert Specific Folder

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/migrating-from-phpunit-guide

Target a specific directory for migration by passing the path as an argument.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --drift tests/Helpers
```

--------------------------------

### Run an agent verification snippet

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest5-now-available

Execute a code snippet within the Pest test environment using the --agent option.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='$user = \App\Models\User::factory()->create(); $this->actingAs($user)->get("/dashboard")->assertOk();'
```

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --agent='visit("/")->assertSee("Welcome");'
```

--------------------------------

### Verify Interfaces

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Ensures all files within a given namespace are defined as interfaces.

```php
arch('app')
    ->expect('App\Contracts')
    ->toBeInterfaces();
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Rector Rules

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/pest5-now-available

Add Pest rule sets to your rector.php configuration file.

```php
use Pest
ector
et
estSetList;
use Rector\Config\RectorConfig;

return RectorConfig::configure()
    ->withPaths([__DIR__ . '/tests'])
    ->withSets([
        PestSetList::CODING_STYLE,
    ]);
```

--------------------------------

### toBeDomain()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/expectations

Ensures that the value is a valid domain name.

```APIDOC
## toBeDomain()

### Description
Ensures that the value is a valid domain name.

### Usage
```php
expect('example.com')->toBeDomain();
```
```

--------------------------------

### Use built-in matchers for arguments

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/mocking

Utilize Mockery matchers like Mockery::any() to match any argument instead of specific values.

```php
$client->shouldReceive('post')
    ->with($firstArgument, Mockery::any());
```

--------------------------------

### toHaveKebabCaseKeys()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/expectations

Ensures that the array keys are in kebab-case format.

```APIDOC
## toHaveKebabCaseKeys()

### Description
Ensures that the array keys are in kebab-case format.

### Usage
```php
expect(['kebab-case' => 'abc123'])->toHaveKebabCaseKeys();
```
```

--------------------------------

### --profile

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/cli-api-reference

The --profile flag enables performance monitoring for your test suite.

```APIDOC
## --profile

### Description
Outputs the top ten slowest tests to standard output during the test execution process.

### Usage
`pest --profile`
```

--------------------------------

### Configure coverage source in phpunit.xml

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/test-coverage

Add this configuration to your phpunit.xml file to specify which directories should be included in the coverage report.

```xml
    ...
    <source>
        <include>
            <directory suffix=".php">./app</directory>
        </include>
    </source>
    ...
```

--------------------------------

### Use ToBeDirectory Matcher

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/rector

Converts is_dir checks to the toBeDirectory matcher.

```diff
-expect(is_dir($path))->toBeTrue();
+expect($path)->toBeDirectory();
```

--------------------------------

### Assert URL components

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Methods to verify specific parts of the current URL such as the full URL, scheme, host, and port.

```php
$page->assertUrlIs('https://example.com/home');
```

```php
$page->assertSchemeIs('https');
```

```php
$page->assertSchemeIsNot('http');
```

```php
$page->assertHostIs('example.com');
```

```php
$page->assertHostIsNot('wrong-domain.com');
```

```php
$page->assertPortIs('443');
```

```php
$page->assertPortIsNot('8080');
```

--------------------------------

### Run PHPStan Analysis

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/phpstan

Execute static analysis on the tests directory.

```bash
vendor/bin/phpstan analyse tests
```

--------------------------------

### Navigate Between Pages

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Change the current URL while maintaining the browser context.

```php
$page = visit('/');

$page->navigate('/about')
     ->assertSee('About Us');
```

--------------------------------

### Configure OpenAI API Key

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/evals

Add your OpenAI API key to the .env file to authenticate requests to the judge model.

```ini
# .env
OPENAI_API_KEY=your-key-here
```

--------------------------------

### Use ToBeFile Matcher

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/rector

Converts is_file checks to the toBeFile matcher.

```diff
-expect(is_file($path))->toBeTrue();
+expect($path)->toBeFile();
```

--------------------------------

### Wait for Key Press

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Opens the current page in a browser and pauses until a key is pressed, useful for debugging.

```php
$page->waitForKey(); // Useful for debugging
```

--------------------------------

### Skip a test with a reason

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/skipping-tests

Provide a string argument to the skip method to display a reason when the test suite runs.

```php
it('has home', function () {
    //
})->skip('temporarily unavailable');
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Persistent Compact Printer

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/optimizing-tests

Sets the compact printer as the default in the Pest configuration file.

```php
// tests/Pest.php
pest()->printer()->compact();

//
```

--------------------------------

### Calculate Return Values Dynamically

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/mocking

Use andReturnUsing with closures to calculate return values based on method arguments.

```php
$mock->shouldReceive('post')
    ->andReturnUsing(
        fn () => 1,
        fn () => 2,
    );
```

--------------------------------

### Assert query string parameters

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Methods to verify the presence or absence of query string parameters.

```php
$page->assertQueryStringHas('page');
$page->assertQueryStringHas('page', '2');
```

```php
$page->assertQueryStringMissing('page');
```

--------------------------------

### Generate coverage report via CLI

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/test-coverage

Execute this command to run tests and generate a code coverage report in the terminal.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest --coverage
```

--------------------------------

### Using Bound Datasets

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/datasets

Bound datasets allow data to be resolved after the beforeEach() method has executed, which is useful for database-dependent models.

```php
it('can generate the full name of a user', function (User $user) {
    expect($user->full_name)->toBe("{$user->first_name} {$user->last_name}");
})->with([
    fn() => User::factory()->create(['first_name' => 'Nuno', 'last_name' => 'Maduro']),
    fn() => User::factory()->create(['first_name' => 'Luke', 'last_name' => 'Downing']),
    fn() => User::factory()->create(['first_name' => 'Freek', 'last_name' => 'Van Der Herten']),
]);
```

--------------------------------

### beforeAll()

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/hooks

Executes a closure once before any tests are run within the current file.

```APIDOC
## beforeAll(callable $callback)

### Description
Executes the provided closure once before any tests are run within the current file. Note that the $this variable is not available in this hook.

### Usage
```php
beforeAll(function () {
    // One-time setup logic
});
```
```

--------------------------------

### Specify HTTP methods and payloads

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/stress-testing

Perform stress tests using different HTTP methods and optional JSON payloads.

```bash
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles --get
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles --head
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles --options
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles --options='{"name": "Nuno"}'
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles/1 --patch
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles/1 --patch='{"name": "Nuno"}'
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles --put
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles --put='{"name": "Nuno"}'
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles --post='{"name": "Nuno"}'
# or
./vendor/bin/pest stress example.com/articles/1 --delete
```

--------------------------------

### Set Minimum Method Call Expectations

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/mocking

Use atLeast to specify the minimum number of times a method must be called.

```php
$mock->shouldReceive('delete')->atLeast()->times(3);
```

--------------------------------

### Combine Datasets with Cartesian Product

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/datasets

Chain multiple with() calls to generate a Cartesian product of all provided datasets.

```php
dataset('days_of_the_week', [
    'Saturday',
    'Sunday',
]);

test('business is closed on day', function(string $business, string $day) {
    expect(new $business)->isClosed($day)->toBeTrue();
})->with([
    Office::class,
    Bank::class,
    School::class
])->with('days_of_the_week');
```

--------------------------------

### Scope Datasets to Folders

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/datasets

Create a Datasets.php file within a specific folder to restrict dataset availability to tests in that directory.

```php
// tests/Feature/Products/ExampleTest.php...
it('has products', function (string $product) {
    expect($product)->not->toBeEmpty();
})->with('products');

// tests/Feature/Products/Datasets.php...
dataset('products', [
    'egg',
    'milk'
]);
```

--------------------------------

### Use ToBeEmpty Matcher

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/rector

Converts empty checks to the toBeEmpty matcher.

```diff
-expect(empty($value))->toBeTrue();
+expect($value)->toBeEmpty();
```

--------------------------------

### Matching Namespaces with Wildcards

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/arch-testing

Use wildcards in the expect method to target multiple namespaces dynamically.

```php
arch()
    ->expect('App\*\Traits') // All code within any App\*\Traits namespace, e.g. App\Models\Traits, etc.
    ->toBeTraits();

arch()
    ->expect('App\*\*\Traits') // All code within any App\*\*\Traits namespace, e.g. App\A\B\Traits, App\C\D\Traits, etc.
    ->toBeTraits();
```

--------------------------------

### Execute with Key Down

Source: https://pestphp.com/docs/browser-testing

Executes a callback while a specific key is held down. Use key codes like 'KeyA' instead of characters to respect modifier keys.

```php
$page->withKeyDown('Shift', function () use ($page): void {
    $page->keys('#input', ['KeyA', 'KeyB', 'KeyC']);
}); // writes "ABC"
```
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