Oracle Exadata Database Machine

https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/
Admin
Oracle Exadata Database Machine is a complete optimized package of software, servers, and storage...
Tokens:1,071,305
Snippets:13,514
Trust Score:9.1
Update:5 months ago
Show doc for...
Tokens:
Raw
### Initial System Admin Account Setup

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmin/performing-initial-switch-configuration-cisco-nexus-ethernet-switch.html

Guides through setting up the system admin account. It prompts to abort auto-provisioning, enforce secure password standards (set to 'no' in this example), and set the admin password.

```bash
Running S93thirdparty-script...

Populating conf files for hybrid sysmgr ...
Starting hybrid sysmgr ...
inserting /isan/lib/modules/klm_cisco_nb.o ... done

Abort Auto Provisioning and continue with normal setup ? (yes/no) [n]: yes

         ---- System Admin Account Setup ----

Do you want to enforce secure password standard (yes/no) [y]: no

  Enter the password for "admin": 
  Confirm the password for "admin":
```

--------------------------------

### GRUB Command Line Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmin/using-elastic-configuration-image-new-system.html

This snippet shows an example of interacting with the GRUB command line, including setting the root device and installing the bootloader.

```grub
grub> root (hd0,0)
 Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0x83
grub> setup (hd0)
 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... no
 Checking if "/grub/stage1" exists... yes
 Checking if "/grub/stage2" exists... yes
 Checking if "/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
 Running "embed /grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... failed (this is not fatal)
 Running "embed /grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0,0)"... failed (this is not fatal)
 Running "install /grub/stage1 (hd0) /grub/stage2 p /grub/grub.conf "... succeeded
Done.
grub> quit
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Booting a Guest from a Diagnostic ISO

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/boot-iso-command.html

This example demonstrates the full process of booting a guest from a diagnostic ISO, including the commands to start the VM, set up networking if needed, and revert to booting from the hard disk when finished.

```bash
# vm_maker --boot-from-iso /root/home/diagnostics.iso --domain dm01vm01
[INFO] Running 'virsh undefine dm01vm01.example.com'...
[INFO] Running 'virsh define /var/log/exadatatmp/dm01vm01.example.com.xml.new.357b'...
[INFO] The domain 'dm01vm01.example.com' is ready for booting.
[INFO] Run the following command to boot from the diagnostic iso:
[INFO] 
[INFO] virsh start dm01vm01.example.com --console
[INFO] 
[INFO] If network is needed to be setup on the VM, run 
[INFO] setup_management.sh from the console after the guest has booted.
[INFO] 
[INFO] When finished, run the following commands to restore
[INFO] the domain to boot from its hard disk:
[INFO] 
[INFO] vm_maker --stop-domain dm01vm01.example.com --force
[INFO] vm_maker --boot-from-hd --domain dm01vm01.example.com
```

--------------------------------

### Setup for Snapshot Tree Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/exscl/lssnapshots.html

Sequence of commands to create files, snapshots, and clones, setting up the environment for demonstrating the snapshot tree display.

```bash
@my-data/> putfile somelocalfile file1
Putting file somelocalfile to @my-data/file1
Success.

@my-data/> snapshotfile file1 snap1_of_file1
Success.

@my-data/> clonefile file1 clone1
Success.

@my-data/> snapshotfile file1 snap2_of_file1
Success.

@my-data/> snapshotfile clone1 snap1_of_clone1
Success.
```

--------------------------------

### Install Exadata System Release with PXE

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmin/using-pxe-image-new-system-release-12.1.2.2.0-or-higher.html

Execute this command to start the installation of the Exadata system release using a configuration file and enabling logging. Ensure node private keys are copied to the OEDA WorkDir if key-based authentication is enabled for the root OS user.

```bash
[root] # ./install.sh -cf ../machine_config_file.xml -l
```

--------------------------------

### Allocate GUIDs Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/configuring-network-cards-x6-2-or-later-ovm-guest.html

Example of allocating GUIDs using specific virtual machine configuration files located in the /EXAVMIMAGES/conf directory.

```bash
# /opt/exadata_ovm/exadata.img.domu_maker allocate-guids /EXAVMIMAGES/conf/
test08adm01vm01.example.com-vm.xml /EXAVMIMAGES/conf/final-test08adm01vm01
.example.com-vm.xml
```

--------------------------------

### Manual Steps for Guest Network Interface Configuration

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/adding-bonded-network-interface-guest.html

This example outlines the manual steps required within the guest domain after using vm_maker to allocate a bridge. It includes determining a unique interface name, updating udev rules, stopping and starting the domain, and configuring the interface using ipconf.pl. Note that these steps are environment-specific and should not be copied verbatim.

```bash
[INFO] Please perform the following manual steps:
[INFO] 1. Determine a unique network interface name within the domain to which
[INFO]    you are attaching this interface. Typically bonded
[INFO]    interfaces are named bondeth<number>, for example 'bondeth1', and
[INFO]    non-bonded interfaces are named eth<number>, for example 'eth2'.
[INFO]    The name must be unique within the domain. In the example below
[INFO]    the name 'bondeth0' has been chosen.
[INFO] 2. Add the following line to the file
[INFO]    '/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules' within the domain:
[INFO]    SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", KERNELS=="0000:00:PCI-slot-number.0", ATTR{type}=="1", NAME="guest-interface"
[INFO] You MUST execute steps 4 and 5! You CANNOT simply reboot from within
[INFO] the domain.
[INFO] 4. vm_maker --stop-domain guest-name
[INFO] 5. vm_maker --start-domain guest-name
[INFO] 6. Login to the domain and run the following command:
[INFO]    /opt/oracle.cellos/ipconf.pl -nocodes
[INFO]    This command will ask you for configuration information for this
[INFO]    new interface.
[INFO] NOTE: if you have more than one interface to add to this domain,
[INFO] please execute the instructions above, and then call this command again.
[INFO] The domain must be stopped and started between invocations of this
[INFO] command.
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Starting up an Offload Group

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/alter-offloadgroup.html

Shows how to start up a specific offload group named 'offloadgroup1'.

```APIDOC
## Example 7-61 Starting up the Offload Group Named "offloadgroup1"
```
ALTER OFFLOADGROUP offloadgroup1 startup
```
```

--------------------------------

### Configure DNS Servers and Domain Name

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmin/configuring-cisco-catalyst-4948-ethernet-switch.html

Set the domain name and up to three DNS servers for the switch. Ensure to replace example values with your specific installation details.

```bash
exa1sw-ip#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands,one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
exa1sw-ip(config)#ip domain-name example.com
exa1sw-ip(config)#ip name-server 10.7.7.3
exa1sw-ip(config)#ip name-server 198.51.100.5 
exa1sw-ip(config)#ip name-server 10.8.160.1
exa1sw-ip(config)#end 
*Sep 15 14:26:37.045:%SYS-5-CONFIG_I:Configured from console by console
exa1sw-ip#write memory
Building configuration...
Compressed configuration from 2603 bytes to 1158 bytes [OK ]
```

--------------------------------

### Manually Start a KVM Guest

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/starting-user-domain-kvm.html

Use this command to manually start a specific KVM guest. Replace `db01_guest01.example.com` with the actual guest name. The guest may take a few minutes to establish network connectivity after starting.

```bash
# /opt/exadata_ovm/vm_maker --start-domain db01_guest01.example.com
[INFO] Running 'virsh start db01_guest01.example.com...
Domain db01_guest01.example.com started

[INFO] The domain has been started but may not have network connectivity for 
several minutes.

```

--------------------------------

### Start User Domain

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/increasing-size-grid-infrastructure-home-or-database-home-file-system.html

Start the user domain by creating it using its configuration file from the management domain.

```bash
# xm create /EXAVMIMAGES/GuestImages/DomainName/vm.cfg
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Setting Up and Testing a Network Interface

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/setup-ip-command.html

Demonstrates setting up a network interface with a specific IP, netmask, gateway, and VLAN, then testing connectivity and verifying the configuration. Includes cleanup.

```bash
# ping 192.0.2.1
PING 192.0.2.1 (192.0.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 10.32.106.12 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
^C
--- 192.0.2.1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 999ms
# /opt/exadata_ovm/vm_maker --setup-ip 192.0.2.6 --interface eth3 --netmask 255.255.255.128 --gateway 192.0.2.1 --vlan 144
[INFO] Interface eth3 currently down
[INFO] Bringing up interface eth3
[INFO] Interface eth3.144 is plumbed.
# ping 192.0.2.1 
PING 192.0.2.1 (192.0.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.0.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.317 ms
64 bytes from 192.0.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.302 ms
64 bytes from 192.0.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=0.307 ms
^C
--- 192.0.2.1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 3 received, 25% packet loss, time 3077ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.302/0.308/0.317/0.021 ms
# ip rule 
0: from all lookup local 
32757: from 192.0.2.6 to 192.0.2.1 iif eth3.144 lookup main 
32758: from all to 10.32.96.5 lookup 220 
32759: from 10.32.96.5 lookup 220 
32760: from all to 10.32.106.0/23 lookup 210 
32761: from 10.32.106.0/23 lookup 210 
32762: from all to 192.168.0.4 lookup 181 
32763: from 192.168.0.4 lookup 181 
32764: from all to 192.168.0.3 lookup 180 
32765: from 192.168.0.3 lookup 180 
32766: from all lookup main 
32767: from all lookup default 
# ip a s | grep eth3
5: eth3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
67: eth3.144@eth3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
inet 192.0.2.6/25 scope global eth3.144
# /opt/exadata_ovm/vm_maker --cleanup-ip eth3 --vlan 144
[INFO] Deleting routing rules.
[INFO] Flushing ip-address from interface.
# ip a s | grep eth3
5: eth3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
```

--------------------------------

### Get Online Help for XSH 'cat' Command

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/exscl/start-and-use-xsh.html

Use the XSH 'man' command to access specific online help for commands. This example shows how to get help for the 'cat' command, including its synopsis, description, options, and examples.

```bash
$ xsh man cat
NAME
       cat - Dump the contents of the file to
             standard out

SYNOPSIS
       cat      [{ -w | --wallet } <wallet-location> ]
                [{ -T | --trace } [ <trace-level> ]]
                [--aio=<naio>] filename

DESCRIPTION
       Dump the contents of the file to standard out.

OPTIONS
       -w, --wallet
              Path to the wallet directory.

       -T, --trace
              Trace level, default level = 1.

       --aio=<naio>
              Number of async IOs, default=4.

EXAMPLES
cat --aio=8 @DATA/example.dbf
cat /tmp/example.txt -w $OSSCONF/eswallet

```

--------------------------------

### Install VM Cluster with OEDA

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmin/adding-cluster-existing-system.html

Initiates the installation of a VM cluster on an Oracle Exadata Database Machine using the OEDA tool. Specify the configuration file and the step to start installation.

```bash
./install.sh -cf cluster4.xml -s 18 -nocalibratecell
```

--------------------------------

### Start vmetrics Service

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/installing-and-starting-vmetrics-service.html

Execute the service command as the root user on dom0 to start the vmetrics service after installation. The service will then gather statistics every 30 seconds.

```bash
[root@scac10adm01 vmetrics]# service vmetrics.svc start
```

--------------------------------

### Example: List Database Server Details via REST

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/executing-commands-remotely-using-rest.html

This example demonstrates how to run the `list dbserver detail` command on a database node using its specific port.

```URL
https://dbnode:7879/MS/RESTService/?cmd=list+dbserver+detail
```

--------------------------------

### Create Mount Points and Mount Partitions

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/recovering-exadata-x10m-and-x11m-database-servers-customized-partitions.html

Create necessary directories as mount points and then mount the formatted partitions using `mount`. This example assumes `/mnt` as the base directory for recovery.

```bash
# mount -t xfs /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSys1 /mnt
# mkdir -p /mnt/u01
# mount -t xfs /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbOra1 /mnt/u01
# mkdir -p /mnt/home
# mount -t xfs /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbHome /mnt/home
# mkdir -p /mnt/var
# mount -t xfs /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVar1 /mnt/var
# mkdir -p /mnt/var/log
# mount -t xfs /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVarLog /mnt/var/log
# mkdir -p /mnt/var/log/audit
# mount -t xfs /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVarLogAudit /mnt/var/log/audit
# mkdir -p /mnt/tmp
# mount -t xfs /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbTmp /mnt/tmp
# mkdir -p /mnt/boot
# mount -t xfs /dev/md24p1 /mnt/boot
```

--------------------------------

### Get Cluster GUID using crsctl

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/exscl/using-omf-exascale.html

Retrieve the Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI) cluster GUID using the `crsctl` command. This is used in OMF file naming conventions.

```bash
# crsctl get css clusterguid
```

--------------------------------

### Get PDB GUID for CDB Snapshots

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/creating-snapshot-full-database.html

If creating a snapshot of a Container Database (CDB), retrieve the Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) for each Pluggable Database (PDB) using SQL*Plus. This GUID is used to create specific directories for PDB data files.

```sql
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> ALTER SESSION set container=PDB1;
SQL> SELECT guid FROM v$pdbs;
```

--------------------------------

### Run Pre-checks and Upgrade InfiniBand Switches

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/patchmgr-syntax-infiniband-switches.html

This example first runs the prerequisite checks on all InfiniBand switches, then proceeds to upgrade the switches listed in the 'ib_group' file.

```bash
./patchmgr --ibswitches --upgrade --ibswitch_precheck 

```

```bash
./patchmgr --ibswitches ib_group --upgrade

```

--------------------------------

### LIST SOFTWAREHISTORY Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/list.html

Displays the history of software installations and updates. Use this to track software changes.

```shell
LIST SOFTWAREHISTORY  

```

--------------------------------

### Mount Partitions Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/recovering-x6-or-earlier-database-servers-customized-partitions.html

Provides an example of how partitions are mounted under a top-level directory like /mnt, showing the mapping of logical volumes to mount points.

```text
/dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSys1 on /mnt
/dev/VGExaDb/LVDbOra1 on /mnt/u01
/dev/sda1 on /mnt/boot
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Create Devices from Target IPs

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/creating-device-create-device.html

This example demonstrates creating devices by specifying a comma-separated list of RDMA Network Fabric IP addresses for targets. The quorumdiskmgr will discover and log into these targets.

```bash
quorumdiskmgr --create --device --target-ip-list="192.168.10.45, 192.168.10.46"
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Create an Exascale file

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/exscl/touch.html

Demonstrates how to create a new 1 gigabyte file using the touch command.

```APIDOC
## Example: Create an Exascale file

Assuming that `@my-data/my-file` does not already exist, the following example creates a 1 gigabyte file at `@my-data/my-file`.

```bash
$ xsh touch --size=1G @my-data/my-file
```

If the file (`@my-data/my-file`) already existed, the command would set the size of the preexisting file to 1 gigabyte.
```

--------------------------------

### Reload Cisco Nexus Switch

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmin/configuring-cisco-nexus-9336c-switch.html

Reboots the Cisco Nexus switch to apply configuration changes or to start the automated setup process. Confirm the reload by entering 'y'.

```bash
dbm0sw-rocea0# reload

This command will reboot the system. (y/n)?  [n] y

2017 Aug 31 01:09:00 dbm0sw-rocea0 %$ VDC-1 %$ %PLATFORM-2-PFM_SYSTEM_RESET: Manual system restart from Command Line Interface


CISCO SWITCH Ver7.59
Device detected on 0:1:2 after 0 msecs  
...


```

--------------------------------

### Create Exascale File Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/exscl/touch.html

Demonstrates how to create a new Exascale file with a specified size. If the file exists, its size is updated.

```bash
$ xsh touch --size=1G @my-data/my-file
```

--------------------------------

### Original ifcfg-bondib0 File Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/changing-infiniband-network-information.html

Shows the default configuration of the `ifcfg-bondib0` file for an InfiniBand interface.

```bash
#### DO NOT REMOVE THESE LINES ####
#### %GENERATED BY CELL% ####
DEVICE=bondib0
USERCTL=no
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.20.8
NETMASK=255.255.248.0
NETWORK=192.168.16.0
BROADCAST=192.168.23.255
BONDING_OPTS="mode=active-backup miimon=100 downdelay=5000 updelay=5000"
IPV6INIT=no
MTU=65520
```

--------------------------------

### Running DBMCLI Commands from a Script

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/start.html

Example of using the START command to execute DBMCLI commands from a script file named 'alter_dbserver'. The script file is assumed to be in the current directory.

```shell
START alter_dbserver
```

--------------------------------

### LIST IORMPLAN Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/list.html

Displays IORM plan configurations. Use this to review IORM settings.

```shell
LIST IORMPLAN  

```

--------------------------------

### Filtering Roles by Name Pattern

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/list-role-dbm.html

Use the 'where' clause with a 'like' operator to filter roles based on a name pattern. This example displays roles where the name starts with 'db_'.

```shell
DBMCLI> LIST ROLE where name like 'db_*'
```

--------------------------------

### Start Guest VM from Diagnostic ISO

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/starting-guest-diagnostic-iso.html

Execute this command to boot the guest VM using the diagnostic ISO after it has been configured. The `--console` flag attaches to the VM's console.

```bash
# virsh start dm01vm01.example.com --console
```

--------------------------------

### List Cell Disk Attributes in METRICSTREAM

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/list-metricstream.html

Filters the metric stream to display attributes related to cell disks. This example uses a LIKE clause to match names starting with 'N_NIC.'.

```shell
CellCLI> LIST METRICSTREAM WHERE name LIKE 'N_NIC.*'
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Cleaning Up a Network Interface

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/cleanup-ip-command.html

This example demonstrates the process of cleaning up a network interface previously configured with `--setup-ip`. It shows the state before and after the cleanup, including ping tests, IP address configuration, and routing rules.

```bash
# ping 192.0.2.1
PING 192.0.2.1 (192.0.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 10.32.106.12 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
^C
--- 192.0.2.1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 999ms
# /opt/exadata_ovm/vm_maker --setup-ip 192.0.2.6 --interface eth3 --netmask 255.255.255.128 --gateway 192.0.2.1 --vlan 144
[INFO] Interface eth3 currently down
[INFO] Bringing up interface eth3
[INFO] Interface eth3.144 is plumbed.
# ping 192.0.2.1 
PING 192.0.2.1 (192.0.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.0.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.317 ms
64 bytes from 192.0.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.302 ms
64 bytes from 192.0.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=0.307 ms
^C
--- 192.0.2.1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 3 received, 25% packet loss, time 3077ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.302/0.308/0.317/0.021 ms
# ip rule 
0: from all lookup local 
32757: from 192.0.2.6 to 192.0.2.1 iif eth3.144 lookup main 
32758: from all to 10.32.96.5 lookup 220 
32759: from 10.32.96.5 lookup 220 
32760: from all to 10.32.106.0/23 lookup 210 
32761: from 10.32.106.0/23 lookup 210 
32762: from all to 192.168.0.4 lookup 181 
32763: from 192.168.0.4 lookup 181 
32764: from all to 192.168.0.3 lookup 180 
32765: from 192.168.0.3 lookup 180 
32766: from all lookup main 
32767: from all lookup default 
# ip a s | grep eth3
5: eth3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
67: eth3.144@eth3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
 inet 192.0.2.6/25 scope global eth3.144
# /opt/exadata_ovm/vm_maker --cleanup-ip eth3 --vlan 144
[INFO] Deleting routing rules.
[INFO] Flushing ip-address from interface.
# ip a s | grep eth3
5: eth3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000

```

--------------------------------

### Starting a Software Update Immediately

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/alter-softwareupdate.html

This example demonstrates how to force an immediate software update using the currently specified attribute values. This is useful for applying updates outside the scheduled time.

```APIDOC
## ALTER SOFTWAREUPDATE UPGRADE FORCE

### Description
Immediately starts a software update process, overriding the scheduled time.

### Method
CellCLI command

### Endpoint
N/A (CellCLI command)

### Parameters
#### Path Parameters
None

#### Query Parameters
None

#### Request Body
None

### Request Example
```
ALTER SOFTWAREUPDATE UPGRADE FORCE
```

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
Indicates that the software update has been initiated.

#### Response Example
None explicitly provided in source, but implies the update process has started.
```

--------------------------------

### start-domain Command Syntax

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/start-domain-command.html

This is the general syntax for the vm_maker --start-domain command. It outlines the required arguments and available options for starting or creating KVM guests.

```bash
vm_maker --start-domain { guest_name | XML-config-file | --all } 
  [ --no-discovery ] [ --keep ] [ --locked ] [ --ssh-key key_file ] 
  [ --secure-boot { enable | disable }] [ --console ] [ --console-log { enable | disable }]
```

--------------------------------

### Resize Grid Disks with WHERE Clause

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/alter-griddisk.html

Resize specific grid disks using the WHERE clause, for example, to resize only RECO disks. This feature is available starting with Oracle Exadata System Software release 20.1.0.

```bash
ALTER GRIDDISK size=5T WHERE name like 'RECO.*'
```

--------------------------------

### Create Mount Points and Mount Partitions

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/recovering-x7-or-x8-oracle-linux-database-servers-customized-partitions.html

Create necessary directories as mount points and then mount the respective partitions. Replace `filesystem_type` with `xfs` or `ext4` based on your system's configuration.

```bash
# mkdir -p /mnt/u01
# mkdir -p /mnt/boot
# mount /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSys1 /mnt -t filesystem_type
# mount /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbOra1 /mnt/u01 -t filesystem_type
# mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot -t filesystem_type
```

--------------------------------

### Verify Hardware and OS Installation

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/clone-oracle-grid-infrastructure-replacement-database-server.html

Use the cluster verification utility (`cluvfy`) to check hardware and operating system setup on the specified servers. Ignore messages related to storage validation on the replacement server if they fail.

```bash
$ cluvfy stage -post hwos -n replacement_server,working_server -verbose
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Creating a Security Key

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/create-key.html

This example demonstrates the usage of the CREATE KEY command and shows the generated hexadecimal security key. The key must be manually copied to the relevant hosts and cells.

```shell
CellCLI> CREATE KEY
         3452c64fec9a5800bbe48d4093269400
```

--------------------------------

### Compare Guest XML Configuration Files

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/recover-and-restart-kvm-guests.html

Compare the restored guest XML configuration files in `/etc/libvirt/qemu/` with the backup copies in `/XML/`. This helps identify any necessary manual updates.

```bash
# diff /etc/libvirt/qemu/guestname.xml /XML/guestname.xml
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Interdatabase Plan with Flash Cache Min and Size

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/using-flash-cache-attributes-iorm-plans.html

Starting with Oracle Exadata System Software release 19.3.0, you can specify both flashCacheMin and flashCacheSize for the same target. This example demonstrates configuring an interdatabase plan with these combined attributes.

```sql
ALTER IORMPLAN                                                  - 
 dbplan=((name=sales, share=8, flashCacheMin=3G, flashCacheSize=10G),    - 
         (name=finance, share=8, flashCacheLimit=10G, flashCacheMin=2G), - 
         (name=dev, share=2, flashCacheLimit=4G, flashCacheMin=1G),      - 
         (name=test, share=1, limit=10, flashCacheSize=1G))
```

--------------------------------

### Create Exascale Template Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/exscl/mktemplate.html

Demonstrates how to create a user-defined Exascale template with specific vault, media type, redundancy, and content type settings.

```bash
$ xsh mktemplate --vault my-data --name my-template --media-type EF --redundancy high --content-type DATA
```

--------------------------------

### Get Oracle Home Patch Inventory

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmr/obtaining-current-configuration-information.html

Collects detailed patch inventory for a specific Oracle home across all nodes. Requires running as the Oracle home owner. Note: The example path may need adjustment.

```bash
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch lsinventory -oh    
ORACLE_HOME -detail -all_nodes >> opatch_oracle.txt
```

--------------------------------

### Display Help for a Specific DBMCLI Command

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/help.html

Provide a specific command topic as an argument to the HELP command to display detailed help text for that command. For example, to get help on the ALTER command, use 'HELP ALTER'.

```bash
DBMCLI> HELP ALTER
```

```bash
DBMCLI> HELP DROP ALERTHISTORY
```

--------------------------------

### Example: List Database Server Detail

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/executing-commands-remotely-using-rest.html

This example shows how to run the `list dbserver detail` command on a database node using the REST API.

```APIDOC
## Example: List Database Server Detail

### Description
Retrieve detailed information about the database servers on the Exadata machine.

### Method
GET

### Endpoint
`https://dbnode:7879/MS/RESTService/?cmd=list+dbserver+detail`

### Parameters
#### Query Parameters
- **cmd** (string) - Required - The command to execute (`list dbserver detail`).
```

--------------------------------

### Configure NTP Servers on Cisco Switch

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmin/configuring-cisco-catalyst-4948-ethernet-switch.html

Configure up to two NTP servers for time synchronization. Replace the example IP addresses with your specific installation values. The switch will synchronize to local time once connected to the network and has NTP access.

```cli
exa1sw-ip# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands,one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
exa1sw-ip(config)# ntp server 10.7.7.32 prefer
exa1sw-ip(config)# ntp server 198.51.100.19
exa1sw-ip(config)# end
*Sep 15 14:51:08.665:%SYS-5-CONFIG_I:Configured from console by console
exa1sw-ip# write memory
Building configuration...
Compressed configuration from 2654 bytes to 1163 bytes [OK ]
exa1sw-ip# show ntp status
<output will vary per network>
     .
exa1sw-ip# show clock
21:00:23.175 EST Mon Aug 9 2018
```

--------------------------------

### Run install.sh Script with Configuration File

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmin/configuring-oracle-exadata-database-machine-using-oracle-exadata-deployment-assistant.html

Execute the install.sh script to install and deploy the Exadata software. The configuration_file parameter specifies the path to the main XML configuration file.

```bash
install.sh configuration_file
```

--------------------------------

### start-domain Command Syntax and Options

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/start-domain-command.html

Use the `--start-domain` command to create and start an Oracle Linux KVM guest. This section outlines the command syntax and available options for managing guest domains.

```APIDOC
## start-domain Command

Use the `--start-domain` command to create and start an Oracle Linux KVM guest.

### Syntax
```
vm_maker --start-domain { guest_name | XML-config-file | --all } [ --no-discovery ] [ --keep ] [ --locked ] [ --ssh-key key_file ] [ --secure-boot { enable | disable }] [ --console ] [ --console-log { enable | disable }]
```

### Options

*   **guest_name**: The name of an existing guest to start.
*   **XML-config-file**: The full file name of the XML configuration file for creating a new guest.
*   **--all**: Starts all existing domains on the host.
*   **--no-discovery**: Optionally specifies to skip network discovery and bridge creation when creating a new guest.
*   **--keep**: Indicates that the guest should not be removed even if the first boot fails.
*   **--locked**: If specified in conjunction with the `--ssh-key` option, password-based authentication is disabled for the `root` user, and access to the guest requires key-based authentication. Otherwise, the option forces users to choose a new password when they log in for the first time.
*   **--ssh-key**: Optionally specifies the location of a file containing an SSH public key, which is used for authenticating the `root` user.
*   **--secure-boot**: Optionally controls the KVM Guest Secure Boot feature. KVM Guest Secure Boot leverages the UEFI boot framework in Oracle Linux KVM to restrict which binaries can boot the KVM guest. Exadata support for UEFI in KVM is introduced in Oracle Exadata System Software release 24.1.0. Consequently, KVM Guest Secure Boot is available only on new UEFI boot-enabled KVM guests starting with Oracle Exadata System Software release 24.1.0.
    *   **--secure-boot enable**: Enables KVM Guest Secure Boot on the KVM guest. This is the default for all new UEFI boot-enabled KVM guests.
    *   **--secure-boot disable**: Creates the KVM guest with KVM Guest Secure Boot disabled.
*   **--console**: Optionally causes `vm_maker` to display console messages when starting existing guests.
*   **--console-log**: Optionally specifies how logging of console output is handled:
    *   **--console-log enable**: Console output is written to a log file.
    *   **--console-log disable**: Console output is not written to a log file.
```

--------------------------------

### Install ovmd and xenstoreprovider Packages

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/displaying-statistics.html

Installs the necessary packages on Oracle Linux 5 and 6 to support the Oracle VM API. Ensure these packages are installed on domU's.

```bash
# yum install ovmd xenstoreprovider
```

--------------------------------

### ALTER CELL STARTUP SERVICES

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/alter-cell.html

Starts specified services on the cell. This command can be used to start individual services, all services, or specific Exascale services. Disabled Exascale services must be started by name.

```APIDOC
## ALTER CELL STARTUP SERVICES

### Description
Starts the specified service or all services on the cell. This command is used to initiate services that are currently stopped.

### Syntax
```
ALTER CELL STARTUP SERVICES { RS | MS | CELLSRV | ALL | EGS | USREDS | SYSEDS | ERS | BSM | BSW | IFD }
```

### Parameters
- **Services**: Specifies the service(s) to start. Options include:
  - `RS`: Restart Server
  - `MS`: Management Server
  - `CELLSRV`: Cell Server
  - `ALL`: RS, MS, CELLSRV, and all enabled Exascale services
  - `EGS`, `USREDS`, `SYSEDS`, `ERS`, `BSM`, `BSW`, `IFD`: Specific Exascale services

### Usage Notes
To enable a disabled Exascale service, you must start it specifically by name.
```

--------------------------------

### Create User Domain VM

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/recovery-steps-exadata-storage-server-software-releases-12.2.1.1.0-and-later.html

Starts a virtual machine instance using its configuration file located within the /EXAVMIMAGES directory.

```bash
# xm create /EXAVMIMAGES/GuestImages/user_domain_hostname/vm.cfg
```

--------------------------------

### Start User Domain

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/modifying-memory-allocated-user-domain.html

Start a user domain by creating it using its configuration file. Connect to the console with -c to view boot messages.

```bash
# xm create /EXAVMIMAGES/GuestImages/DomainName/vm.cfg

```

--------------------------------

### Configure Guest to Boot from Hard Drive

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/boot-hd-command.html

Use this command to set a guest to boot from its primary boot device. The domain must be started separately using the `--start-domain` command.

```bash
vm_maker --boot-from-hd --domain guest-name
```

--------------------------------

### Start Migrated Guest

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/manually-moving-guest-different-kvm-host.html

Start the guest on the target KVM host after the migration process is complete.

```bash
# vm_maker --start-domain GuestName
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Creating a User

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/create-user.html

Demonstrates the process of creating a user named 'agarcia' and setting their password. The system prompts for the password and confirmation.

```sql
CellCLI> CREATE USER agarcia PASSWORD = *
password: 
Confirm password: password
User agarcia successfully created.
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Dropping a Specific Quarantine

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/drop-quarantine.html

This example demonstrates how to drop a single quarantine identified by its number.

```shell
CellCLI> DROP QUARANTINE 1
```

--------------------------------

### InfiniBand Partition Configuration File Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/configuring-infiniband-partitioning-oracle-vm-rac-clusters.html

This is an example of an InfiniBand partition configuration file. It defines default and specific partition settings for IP over InfiniBand (IPoIB) interfaces.

```shell
#! version_number : 1
#! version_number : 12
Default=0x7fff, ipoib :
ALL_CAS=full,
ALL_SWITCHES=full,
SELF=full;
SUN_DCS=0x0001, ipoib :
ALL_SWITCHES=full;
 = 0x0004,ipoib: 
0x0021280001cf3787=full, 
0x0021280001cf205b=full;
```

--------------------------------

### Example Output for Domain Shutdown

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/shutting-user-domain-management-domain.html

This is an example of the output you might see after successfully shutting down domains.

```text
Domain dm01db01vm04 terminated
All domains terminated
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Update DNS and View Output

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/change-dns-server-exadata-storage-server.html

This example demonstrates updating DNS servers with specific IP addresses and shows the typical output, including informational messages and configuration backup details.

```bash
[root@dbm03celadm06]# ipconf -update -dns 10.31.138.25,10.231.225.65
[Info]: ipconf command line: ipconf -update -dns 10.31.138.25,10.231.225.65
Logging started to /var/log/cellos/ipconf.log
[Info]: Updating dns/ntp
[Info]: Backup existing cell configuration file /opt/oracle.cellos/cell.conf 
to /var/log/exadatatmp/cell.conf_2020_01_13-17_59_44
[Info]: Custom changes have been detected in /etc/resolv.conf
[Info]: Original file /etc/resolv.conf will be saved in /etc/resolv.conf.backupbyExadata
[Done]: Update cell configuration file /opt/oracle.cellos/cell.conf OK

```

--------------------------------

### Change Group ID Example

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/manually-changing-user-ids-and-group-ids-dbmsrv.html

Example of changing the group ID for the `dbmusers` group to `3001`.

```bash
# groupmod -g 3001 dbmusers

```

--------------------------------

### Example: Describing the DATABASE Object

Source: https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/sagug/describe-database.html

This example demonstrates how to use the DESCRIBE DATABASE command to view all available attributes for a database. The output lists various database configuration and performance-related attributes.

```shell
CellCLI> DESCRIBE DATABASE
        name
        asmClusterName
        databaseID
        flashCacheLimit
        flashCacheMin
        flashCacheSize
        iormDiskLimit
        iormDiskShare
        iormFlashLimit
        iormFlashShare
        lastRequestTime
        pmemCacheLimit
        pmemCacheMin
        pmemCacheSize
        profile
        xrmemCacheLimit
        xrmemCacheMin
        xrmemCacheSize
```
Tokens:
Raw