Linux From Scratch

https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable
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### Build and install Texinfo with configure, make, and make install

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter07/texinfo.html

Run these commands in order to prepare, compile, and install Texinfo. The configure command sets the installation prefix to /usr. The make command builds the package, and make install installs it.

```bash
./configure --prefix=/usr
```

```bash
make
```

```bash
make install
```

--------------------------------

### Install Kbd documentation

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/kbd.html

Optionally install the Kbd documentation files.

```bash
cp -R -v docs/doc -T /usr/share/doc/kbd-2.8.0
```

--------------------------------

### Install Shadow

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/shadow.html

Install the compiled binaries and manual pages to the system.

```bash
make exec_prefix=/usr install
make -C man install-man
```

--------------------------------

### Install Intltool

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/intltool.html

Install the package and the I18N-HOWTO documentation file.

```bash
make install
install -v -Dm644 doc/I18N-HOWTO /usr/share/doc/intltool-0.51.0/I18N-HOWTO
```

--------------------------------

### Build and install Gettext-0.26

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/gettext.html

Standard build sequence for Gettext-0.26: configure with the specified options, compile, test, and install. The configure command sets the installation prefix, disables static libraries, and places documentation in /usr/share/doc/gettext-0.26. The install step also sets permissions on the preloadable_libintl.so library.

```bash
./configure --prefix=/usr    \
            --disable-static \
            --docdir=/usr/share/doc/gettext-0.26
```

```bash
make
```

```bash
make check
```

```bash
make install
chmod -v 0755 /usr/lib/preloadable_libintl.so
```

--------------------------------

### Install IPRoute2 with make SBINDIR=/usr/sbin install

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/iproute2.html

Installs the package binaries into /usr/sbin.

```bash
make SBINDIR=/usr/sbin install
```

--------------------------------

### Install the package

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter05/binutils-pass1.html

Install the compiled Binutils binaries into the designated tools directory.

```bash
make install
```

--------------------------------

### Install GMP and documentation

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/gmp.html

Installs the package and its HTML documentation.

```bash
make install
make install-html
```

--------------------------------

### Build and install Sysklogd with configure, make, and make install

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/sysklogd.html

Configure, compile, and install Sysklogd. The configure command sets the installation prefix, system configuration directory, runtime state directory, disables the logger utility and static libraries, and sets the documentation directory. The package does not include a test suite, so only 'make' and 'make install' are needed.

```bash
./configure --prefix=/usr      \
            --sysconfdir=/etc  \
            --runstatedir=/run \
            --without-logger   \
            --disable-static   \
            --docdir=/usr/share/doc/sysklogd-2.7.2
```

```bash
make
```

```bash
make install
```

--------------------------------

### Install Tar and documentation

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/tar.html

Install the package and its HTML documentation into /usr/share/doc/tar-1.35.

```bash
make install
make -C doc install-html docdir=/usr/share/doc/tar-1.35
```

--------------------------------

### Install DejaGNU and documentation

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/dejagnu.html

Install DejaGNU and its documentation into /usr/share/doc/dejagnu-1.6.3.

```shell
make install
install -v -dm755  /usr/share/doc/dejagnu-1.6.3
install -v -m644   doc/dejagnu.{html,txt} /usr/share/doc/dejagnu-1.6.3
```

--------------------------------

### Build and install Gzip-1.14

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/gzip.html

Standard build and installation sequence for Gzip-1.14: configure with prefix /usr, compile, optionally test with make check, then install.

```shell
./configure --prefix=/usr
```

```shell
make
```

```shell
make check
```

```shell
make install
```

--------------------------------

### Example /etc/sysconfig/console (non-Unicode Polish)

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter09/usage.html

Provides a non-Unicode configuration using KEYMAP and FONT for a Polish setup.

```bash
cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/sysconfig/console

KEYMAP="pl2"
FONT="lat2a-16 -m 8859-2"

# End /etc/sysconfig/console
EOF
```

--------------------------------

### Example /etc/sysconfig/console: Unicode setup

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter09/usage.html

Sets UNICODE=1 and selects the Lat2-Terminus16 font for a Unicode console. This configures the console to support UTF-8 based locales.

```bash
cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/sysconfig/console

UNICODE="1"
FONT="Lat2-Terminus16"

# End /etc/sysconfig/console
EOF
```

--------------------------------

### Install OpenSSL with make install

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/openssl.html

Installs OpenSSL, removing static libraries from the install list and setting the man page suffix to 'ssl'.

```bash
sed -i '/INSTALL_LIBS/s/libcrypto.a libssl.a//' Makefile
make MANSUFFIX=ssl install
```

--------------------------------

### Create and enter build directory

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter05/binutils-pass1.html

The Binutils documentation recommends building in a dedicated directory to keep the source tree clean.

```bash
mkdir -v build
cd       build
```

--------------------------------

### Create LFS root and subdirectories with mkdir, ln, and install

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter07/creatingdirs.html

Creates the root-level directories not required in previous chapters. The first command creates /boot, /home, /mnt, /opt, and /srv. The second command creates the required subdirectories, sets up symlinks for /var/run and /var/lock, and installs /root with mode 0750 and /tmp and /var/tmp with mode 1777. The mode 1777 includes the sticky bit, allowing any user to write but not remove others' files.

```bash
mkdir -pv /{boot,home,mnt,opt,srv}
```

```bash
mkdir -pv /etc/{opt,sysconfig}
mkdir -pv /lib/firmware
mkdir -pv /media/{floppy,cdrom}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{include,src}
mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
mkdir -pv /usr/local/{bin,lib,sbin}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}
mkdir -pv /var/{cache,local,log,mail,opt,spool}
mkdir -pv /var/lib/{color,misc,locate}

ln -sfv /run /var/run
ln -sfv /run/lock /var/lock

install -dv -m 0750 /root
install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp
```

--------------------------------

### Install Tcl-8.6.16 (configure, make, install, headers, symlink, docs)

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/tcl.html

Complete installation sequence for Tcl-8.6.16: configure with --disable-rpath, build and fix config files, test, install, adjust permissions, install headers, create symlink, rename conflicting man page, and optionally install HTML documentation.

```bash
SRCDIR=$(pwd)
cd unix
./configure --prefix=/usr           \
            --mandir=/usr/share/man \
            --disable-rpath
```

```bash
make

sed -e "s|$SRCDIR/unix|/usr/lib|" \
    -e "s|$SRCDIR|/usr/include|"  \
    -i tclConfig.sh

sed -e "s|$SRCDIR/unix/pkgs/tdbc1.1.10|/usr/lib/tdbc1.1.10|" \
    -e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/tdbc1.1.10/generic|/usr/include|"     \
    -e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/tdbc1.1.10/library|/usr/lib/tcl8.6|"  \
    -e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/tdbc1.1.10|/usr/include|"             \
    -i pkgs/tdbc1.1.10/tdbcConfig.sh

sed -e "s|$SRCDIR/unix/pkgs/itcl4.3.2|/usr/lib/itcl4.3.2|" \
    -e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/itcl4.3.2/generic|/usr/include|"    \
    -e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/itcl4.3.2|/usr/include|"            \
    -i pkgs/itcl4.3.2/itclConfig.sh

unset SRCDIR
```

```bash
make test
```

```bash
make install 
chmod 644 /usr/lib/libtclstub8.6.a
```

```bash
chmod -v u+w /usr/lib/libtcl8.6.so
```

```bash
make install-private-headers
```

```bash
ln -sfv tclsh8.6 /usr/bin/tclsh
```

```bash
mv /usr/share/man/man3/{Thread,Tcl_Thread}.3
```

```bash
cd ..
tar -xf ../tcl8.6.16-html.tar.gz --strip-components=1
mkdir -v -p /usr/share/doc/tcl-8.6.16
cp -v -r  ./html/* /usr/share/doc/tcl-8.6.16
```

--------------------------------

### Correct libfoo installation with DESTDIR

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/pkgmgt.html

Correct approach for installing libfoo into /usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 using DESTDIR. Most packages support this, but some non-compliant packages may need manual installation or installation into /opt.

```shell
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install
```

--------------------------------

### Install Texinfo TeX components with TEXMF

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/texinfo.html

Optionally install components belonging in a TeX installation. The TEXMF variable sets the root of the TeX tree, e.g., if a TeX package will be installed later.

```bash
make TEXMF=/usr/share/texmf install-tex
```

--------------------------------

### Install packaging with pip3 install

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/packaging.html

Installs the built packaging module. Use this command after building with the previous command.

```bash
`pip3 install --no-index --find-links dist packaging`

```

--------------------------------

### Configure Xz-5.8.1

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/xz.html

Prepares the build environment by running the configure script with the standard LFS options: --prefix=/usr, --disable-static, and --docdir=/usr/share/doc/xz-5.8.1.

```shell
./configure --prefix=/usr \
            --disable-static \
            --docdir=/usr/share/doc/xz-5.8.1

```

--------------------------------

### Install Meson and shell completions

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/meson.html

Installs the Meson wheel from the dist directory and installs bash and zsh shell completions. The --no-index and --find-links dist options ensure the wheel is installed locally.

```bash
pip3 install --no-index --find-links dist meson
install -vDm644 data/shell-completions/bash/meson /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/meson
install -vDm644 data/shell-completions/zsh/_meson /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_meson
```

--------------------------------

### Install IPRoute2 documentation

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/iproute2.html

Optionally installs the COPYING and README files into the documentation directory.

```bash
install -vDm644 COPYING README* -t /usr/share/doc/iproute2-6.16.0
```

--------------------------------

### Install all supported locales with make localedata/install-locales

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/glibc.html

Install all locales listed in the glibc-2.42/localedata/SUPPORTED file at once. This is a time-consuming alternative to installing individual locales.

```bash
make localedata/install-locales
```

--------------------------------

### Build, test, and install Lz4

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/lz4.html

Compile, test, and install Lz4. The build and install commands disable static library creation and set the installation prefix to /usr. The test command runs the test suite with a single job.

```bash
make BUILD_STATIC=no PREFIX=/usr
```

```bash
make -j1 check
```

```bash
make BUILD_STATIC=no PREFIX=/usr install
```

--------------------------------

### Install Readline documentation

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/readline.html

Optionally installs the documentation files (ps, pdf, html, dvi) to the specified directory.

```bash
install -v -m644 doc/*.{ps,pdf,html,dvi} /usr/share/doc/readline-8.3
```

--------------------------------

### Build and install Binutils-2.45

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/binutils.html

Build and install Binutils in a dedicated build directory. The configure command sets the prefix to /usr, enables the default bfd linker, plugins, shared libraries, 64-bit BFD, new dtags, and uses the system zlib. The make tooldir=/usr command sets the tooldir to /usr instead of the target-specific directory. The test suite is critical and must not be skipped; use make -k check to run it and grep '^FAIL:' to list failures. Install with make tooldir=/usr install and remove useless static libraries and other files with the rm command.

```bash
mkdir -v build
cd       build
```

```bash
../configure --prefix=/usr       \
             --sysconfdir=/etc   \
             --enable-ld=default \
             --enable-plugins    \
             --enable-shared     \
             --disable-werror    \
             --enable-64-bit-bfd \
             --enable-new-dtags  \
             --with-system-zlib  \
             --enable-default-hash-style=gnu
```

```bash
make tooldir=/usr
```

```bash
make -k check
```

```bash
grep '^FAIL:' $(find -name '*.log')
```

```bash
make tooldir=/usr install
```

```bash
rm -rfv /usr/lib/lib{bfd,ctf,ctf-nobfd,gprofng,opcodes,sframe}.a \
        /usr/share/doc/gprofng/
```

--------------------------------

### Install Xz

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/xz.html

Installs the compiled Xz package.

```shell
make install

```

--------------------------------

### Install Sed and its documentation

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/sed.html

Installs the compiled program and copies the HTML documentation to /usr/share/doc/sed-4.9.

```bash
make install
install -d -m755           /usr/share/doc/sed-4.9
install -m644 doc/sed.html /usr/share/doc/sed-4.9
```

--------------------------------

### Build and install Zlib-1.3.1

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/zlib.html

Standard build sequence for Zlib: configure with prefix /usr, compile, test, install, and remove the static library libz.a. Run these commands in order from the unpacked Zlib source directory.

```shell
./configure --prefix=/usr
```

```shell
make
```

```shell
make check
```

```shell
make install
```

```shell
rm -fv /usr/lib/libz.a
```

--------------------------------

### Install Diffutils

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/diffutils.html

Installs the compiled Diffutils package.

```shell
`make install`
```

--------------------------------

### Swap control script (start/stop/restart/status)

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/scripts/apds06.html

This is the complete /etc/rc.d/init.d/swap script. It uses the LFS init functions and supports start, stop, restart, and status actions. The start action runs 'swapon -a' to activate all swap partitions defined in /etc/fstab, while stop runs 'swapoff -a' to deactivate them. The restart action stops and then starts swap with a 1-second delay. The status action displays swap status via 'swapon -s'. The script requires udev to start and localnet to stop, as indicated in the INIT INFO header.

```shell
#!/bin/sh
########################################################################
# Begin swap
#
# Description : Swap Control Script
#
# Authors     : Gerard Beekmans - gerard@linuxfromscratch.org
#               DJ Lucas - dj@linuxfromscratch.org
# Update      : Bruce Dubbs - bdubbs@linuxfromscratch.org
#
# Version     : LFS 7.0
#
########################################################################

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:            swap
# Required-Start:      udev
# Should-Start:        modules
# Required-Stop:       localnet
# Should-Stop:         $local_fs
# Default-Start:       S
# Default-Stop:        0 6
# Short-Description:   Activates and deactivates swap partitions.
# Description:         Activates and deactivates swap partitions defined in
#                      /etc/fstab.
# X-LFS-Provided-By:   LFS
### END INIT INFO

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

case "${1}" in
   start)
      log_info_msg "Activating all swap files/partitions..."
      swapon -a
      evaluate_retval
      ;;

   stop)
      log_info_msg "Deactivating all swap files/partitions..."
      swapoff -a
      evaluate_retval
      ;;

   restart)
      ${0} stop
      sleep 1
      ${0} start
      ;;

   status)
      log_success_msg "Retrieving swap status."
      swapon -s
      ;;

   *)
      echo "Usage: ${0} {start|stop|restart|status}"
      exit 1
      ;;
esac

exit 0

# End swap

```

--------------------------------

### Install Zstd

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/zstd.html

Install the compiled Zstd package to the system.

```bash
make prefix=/usr install
```

--------------------------------

### Install Kmod with Ninja

Source: https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/kmod.html

Install the compiled Kmod package.

```shell
ninja install
```
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