Windows Installer

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/
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### Complex Installation and Logging

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/command-line-options

Example of a command line combining installation, property setting, and logging.

```shell
msiexec /i testdb.msi INSTALLLEVEL=3 /l* msi.log COMPANYNAME="Acme ""Widgets"" and ""Gizmos."""
```

--------------------------------

### Enable verbose logging with VB

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/installer-enablelog

Example script demonstrating how to enable verbose logging and install a product using the Installer object.

```VB
    Dim Installer
    Set Installer = CreateObject("WindowsInstaller.Installer")
    Installer.EnableLog "voicewarmup", "c:\temp\install.log"
    Installer.InstallProduct "\\server\share\products\sample\sample.msi"
```

--------------------------------

### Execute Msiexec with FASTOEM for root installation

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/fastoem

Command line example for installing a package located at the root of the installation media.

```shell
Msiexec /I C:\TempImage\package.msi /qn /le logfile.txt ALLUSERS=1 FASTOEM=1 DISABLEROLLBACK=1 ROOTDRIVE=C:\
```

--------------------------------

### Install package from URL via browser download

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/downloading-an-installation-from-the-internet

Example of the command passed to the installer when a user double-clicks an MSI file in a browser.

```shell
msiexec /i c:\windows\temporary internet files\package.msi
```

--------------------------------

### Execute Msiexec with FASTOEM for non-root installation

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/fastoem

Command line example for installing a package not located at the root, requiring the MEDIAPACKAGEPATH property.

```shell
Msiexec /I C:\TempImage\package.msi /qn /le logfile.txt ALLUSERS=1 FASTOEM=1 DISABLEROLLBACK=1 MEDIAPACKAGEPATH=C:\TempImage\package.msi ROOTDRIVE=C:\
```

--------------------------------

### File Installation Log Entry

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/checking-the-installation-of-features-components-files

Example log output indicating the installer's decision regarding file overwriting based on version comparison.

```text
MSI (s) (40:A4): File: C:\Test\TESTDB.EXE;  Won't Overwrite;  Existing
 file is of an equal version
```

--------------------------------

### AdvertiseProduct Usage Example

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/installer-advertiseproduct

Demonstrates how to advertise a package, verify its state, and remove the product using the Installer object in VBScript.

```VB
Dim installer
Set installer = CreateObject("WindowsInstaller.Installer")

'
' Perform machine advertisement of package, use transform
'

Installer.AdvertiseProduct "c:\scratch\simpletst\rtm\simple.msi", 0, "c:\scratch\simpletst\rtm\transform.mst"

'
' Verify advertised product state and registration
'
 
MsgBox Installer.ProductState("{BAE98781-CF88-4309-8E2D-3D8B347F5B53}")
MsgBox Installer.ProductInfo("{BAE98781-CF88-4309-8E2D-3D8B347F5B53}", "Transforms")

'
' Remove Product
'
Installer.InstallProduct "c:\scratch\simpletst\rtm\simple.msi", "REMOVE=ALL"
```

--------------------------------

### Installer.InstallProduct(packagePath, propertyValues)

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/installer-installproduct

Opens an installer package and initializes an install session.

```APIDOC
## Installer.InstallProduct

### Description
The InstallProduct method of the Installer object opens an installer package and initializes an install session.

### Syntax
Installer.InstallProduct(packagePath, propertyValues)

### Parameters
- **packagePath** (string) - Required. The path to the install package.
- **propertyValues** (string) - Optional. Property=value pairs separated by white space. Use ACTION=ADMIN for administrative installation or REMOVE=ALL to remove a product.

### Return value
This method does not return a value.
```

--------------------------------

### Basic Product Installation

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/command-line-options

Standard syntax for installing an MSI package.

```shell
msiexec /i A:\Example.msi
```

--------------------------------

### Feature and Component Log Entries

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/checking-the-installation-of-features-components-files

Example log output showing the state transitions for a feature and a component during installation.

```text
MSI (s) (40:A4): Feature: QuickTest; Installed: Absent;   Request:
 Local;   Action: Local
MSI (s) (40:A4): Component: QuickTest; Installed: Absent;   Request:
 Local;   Action: Local
```

--------------------------------

### Install New Instance via Script

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/installing-multiple-instances-with-instance-transforms

Installs a new instance using the Windows Installer automation object.

```vbscript
Dim Installer As Object
Set Installer = CreateObject("WindowsInstaller.Installer")
Installer.InstallProduct "path to mypackage.msi", "TRANSFORMS=:instance.mst MSINEWINSTANCE=1"
```

--------------------------------

### Circular Join Example

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/sql-syntax

An example of a circular join, which is not supported in Windows Installer SQL queries.

```sql
WHERE Table1.Field1=Table2.Field1 AND Table2.Field2=Table3.Field1 AND Table3.Field2=Table1.Field2.
```

--------------------------------

### Install New Instance via MsiInstallProduct

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/installing-multiple-instances-with-instance-transforms

Installs a new instance programmatically using the C++ MsiInstallProduct function.

```cpp
UINT uiStat = MsiInstallProduct(_T("path to mypackage.msi"), _T("TRANSFORMS=:instance.mst MSINEWINSTANCE=1"));
```

--------------------------------

### Create an HTML link to an installer

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/establish-an-html-reference-to-setup-exe

Use this anchor tag to provide a direct download or execution link for a setup.exe file on a webpage.

```html
[MySetup Installation](https://www.blueyonderairlines.com/Products/MySetup/setup.exe)
```

--------------------------------

### CreateAdvertiseScript Usage Example

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/installer-createadvertisescript

A basic example demonstrating how to instantiate the WindowsInstaller.Installer object and call CreateAdvertiseScript to generate a script for an MSI file.

```VB
Dim installer
Set installer = CreateObject("WindowsInstaller.Installer")

'
' Create an advertise script for Orca
'

Installer.CreateAdvertiseScript "\\products\public\orca\orca.msi", "c:\scripts\orca.aas"
```

--------------------------------

### Product.ComponentState(ID)

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/product-componentstate

Retrieves the installation state of a component identified by its GUID.

```APIDOC
## Product.ComponentState(ID)

### Description
The ComponentState property returns the installation state of the component for the instance of the product. It uses the provided component ID GUID to query the state.

### Syntax
Product.ComponentState(ID)

### Parameters
- **ID** (String) - Required - The component code GUID of the component as found in the ComponentID column of the Component table.

### Return Value
Returns a DWORD representing the installation state (e.g., INSTALLSTATE_LOCAL, INSTALLSTATE_SOURCE) or an error code if the call fails.
```

--------------------------------

### ICE73 Error Report Example

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/ice73

Example output showing warnings generated by ICE73 when a package reuses codes from existing Windows Installer SDK samples.

```text
This package reuses the '{80F7E030-A751-11D2-A7D4-006097C99860}' ProductCode of the orca.msi 1.0 Windows Installer SDK package.
This package reuses the '{000C1101-0000-0000-C000-000000000047}' Package Code of the msispy.msi 1.0 Windows Installer SDK package.
This package reuses the '{8FC7****-88A0-4b41-82B8-8905D4AA904C}' Upgrade Code of a 1.1 Windows Installer SDK package.
```

--------------------------------

### Install New Instance via Command Line

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/installing-multiple-instances-with-instance-transforms

Installs a new instance using msiexec with an embedded transform.

```shell
msiexec /I mypackage.msi TRANSFORMS=:instance.mst MSINEWINSTANCE=1 /qb
```

--------------------------------

### Session.FeatureRequestState

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/session-featurerequeststate

The FeatureRequestState property is used to get or set the requested installation state of a feature. It accepts a feature name (or 'ALL') and an integer representing the installation state.

```APIDOC
## Session.FeatureRequestState

### Description
Gets or sets the requested installation state of a feature. When getting, it returns the current state; when setting, it configures the feature's action state.

### Parameters
- **FeatureName** (string) - Required - The name of the feature to be configured. Use 'ALL' to target all features.
- **State** (integer) - Optional (for setting) - The installation state to request (e.g., 1 for Advertised, 2 for Absent, 3 for Local, 4 for Source, 5 for Default).

### Usage Examples

#### Get Feature State
```vb
Dim iRequestState
iRequestState = Session.FeatureRequestState("MyFeature")
```

#### Set Feature State
```vb
Session.FeatureRequestState("MyFeature") = 3
```
```

--------------------------------

### ICE11 Error Messages

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/ice11

Example error messages generated by ICE11 when validating concurrent installation custom actions.

```text
CustomAction: CA4 is a nested install of an advertised MSI.  The 'Source' must contain a valid MSI product code.  Current: ProductCode.
CustomAction: CA1 is a nested install of an advertised MSI.  It duplicates the ProductCode of the base MSI package.  Current: {BFB69273-F0AE-45C4-9853-0AF946714768}.
CustomAction: CA2 is a nested install of an advertised MSI.  The GUID must be all upper-case.  Current: {BFB69273-F0AE-55c5-9853-0AF946714768}.
```

--------------------------------

### Uninstall a patch using the RemovePatches method

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/uninstalling-patches

Uses the Windows Installer Automation Interface to remove a patch by its GUID.

```vb
const msiInstallTypeSingleInstance = 2
const PatchList = "{EB8C947C-78B2-85A0-644D-86CEEF8E07C0}"
const Product = "{0C9840E7-7F0B-C648-10F0-4641926FE463}"

Dim installer
Set installer = CreateObject("WindowsInstaller.Installer")

installer.RemovePatches(PatchList, Product, msiInstallTypeSingleInstance, "")
```

--------------------------------

### Advertisement and Instance Management

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/command-line-options

Examples for advertising products and managing multiple instances using transforms.

```shell
msiexec /JM msisample.msi /T transform.mst /LIME logfile.txt
```

```shell
msiexec /JM msisample.msi /T :instance1.mst;customization.mst /c /LIME logfile.txt
```

```shell
msiexec /p msipatch.msp;msipatch2.msp /n {00000001-0002-0000-0000-624474736554} /qb
```

--------------------------------

### Installer.Products

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/installer-products

Retrieves a StringList object containing all products installed or advertised for the current user and machine.

```APIDOC
## Installer.Products

### Description
The Products property is a read-only property that returns a StringList object enumerating the set of all products installed or advertised for the current user and machine.

### Syntax
propVal = Installer.Products

### Remarks
To enumerate the products, an application iterates through the StringList object using a For Each construct. Because products are not ordered, any new product has an arbitrary index.
```

--------------------------------

### Verbose logging output for file overwrite

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/logging-of-reboot-requests

Example of verbose log output providing details on why a file is being overwritten during installation.

```text
MSI (s) (D0:F0): File: E:\testdb\Test\CustAct2.dll;  Overwrite;  
REINSTALLMODE specifies all files to be overwritten
```

--------------------------------

### Product.State

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/product-state

Retrieves the installation state of the product instance.

```APIDOC
## Product.State

### Description
The State property returns the installation state of this instance of the product. This property is read-only.

### Syntax
propVal = Product.State

### Property Values
- **INSTALLSTATE_DEFAULT**: Instance of product installed locally.
- **INSTALLSTATE_ADVERTISED**: Instance of product advertised.
- **INSTALLSTATE_UNKNOWN**: Instance of product unknown.
```

--------------------------------

### Implement Embedded UI Handler Functions

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/using-an-embedded-ui

This example demonstrates the required functions for an embedded UI, including initialization, shutdown, and message handling for MSI installations.

```cpp
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <msi.h>
#include <msiquery.h>
#include <Aclapi.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "msi.lib")

#define cchGUID 38

int __stdcall InitializeEmbeddedUI(MSIHANDLE hInstall, 
        LPCWSTR szResourcePath, LPDWORD pdwInternalUILevel)
{
    // The hInstall handle is only valid within this function and 
     // can be used to get or set properties. The handle 
    // does not need to be explicitly closed.

    WCHAR szProductCode[cchGUID+1];
    DWORD cchProductCode = ARRAYSIZE(szProductCode);
    UINT uiStat =  MsiGetProperty(hInstall, L"ProductCode",
             szProductCode, &cchProductCode);
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(szResourcePath);

    if (ERROR_SUCCESS != uiStat)
    {
        // The installation should fail.
        return ERROR_INSTALL_FAILURE;
    }

    WCHAR* szReinstall = NULL;
    DWORD cchReinstall = 0;
    uiStat = MsiGetProperty(hInstall, TEXT("REINSTALL"),  
            szReinstall, &cchReinstall);
    if (ERROR_MORE_DATA == uiStat)
    {
        ++cchProductCode; // Add 1 for terminating null character.
        szReinstall = new WCHAR[cchReinstall];
        if (szReinstall)
        {
        uiStat = MsiGetProperty(hInstall, L"REINSTALL", 
                szReinstall, &cchReinstall);
        }
    }
    if (ERROR_SUCCESS != uiStat)
    {
        if (szReinstall != NULL) 
            delete [] szReinstall;
        // This installation should fail.
        return ERROR_INSTALL_FAILURE;
    }

    if (INSTALLSTATE_DEFAULT != MsiQueryProductState(szProductCode))
    {
        if (INSTALLUILEVEL_BASIC == *pdwInternalUILevel)
        {
            // Insert the custom UI used by basic installation here.
        }
        else
        {
            // Insert the custom UI used by full installation here.
        }
    }
    else if (szReinstall && szReinstall[0])
    {
        // Reinstall the UI sequence.
    }
    else
    {
        // This is a maintenance installation. Remove the UI sequence.

        MsiSetProperty(hInstall, TEXT("REMOVE"), TEXT("ALL"));
    }

    if (szProductCode)
        delete [] szReinstall;

    // Setting the internal UI level to none specifies that 
    // no authored UI should run.
    *pdwInternalUILevel = INSTALLUILEVEL_NONE;
    return 0;
}

DWORD __stdcall ShutdownEmbeddedUI()
{
    // ShutdownEmbeddedUI is optional. It can allow the embedded UI 
    // to perform any cleanup. After this call, the embedded UI   
    // should not receive any additional callbacks.
    return 0;
}


INT __stdcall EmbeddedUIHandler(UINT iMessageType, MSIHANDLE hRecord)
{
    // This function is similar to the MsiSetExternalUIRecord callback.
    INSTALLMESSAGE mt;
    UINT uiFlags;
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hRecord);

    mt = (INSTALLMESSAGE) (0xFF000000 & (UINT) iMessageType);
    uiFlags = 0x00FFFFFF & iMessageType;

    switch (mt)
    {
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_FATALEXIT:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_ERROR:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_WARNING:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_FILESINUSE:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_RESOLVESOURCE:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_USER:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_INFO:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_OUTOFDISKSPACE:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_ACTIONSTART:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_ACTIONDATA:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_PROGRESS:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_SHOWDIALOG:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_COMMONDATA:
        {
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_INSTALLSTART:
        {
            // This message is sent when the Install begins.
            // Record contains the ProductName and ProductCode
            return IDOK;
        }
    case INSTALLMESSAGE_INSTALLEND:
        {
            // This message is sent when the Install ends.
            // Record contains the ProductName and ProductCode 
            // and return value of the installation.
            return IDOK;
        }

    default:
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Product.InstallProperty(property)

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/product-installproperty

Retrieves the value of a property for the instance of the product.

```APIDOC
## Product.InstallProperty(property)

### Description
The InstallProperty method returns the value of a specified property for the current product instance. It internally invokes the MsiGetProductInfoEx function using the ProductCode, UserSid, and Context associated with the Product object.

### Syntax
Product.InstallProperty(property)

### Parameters
- **property** (String) - Required - The name of the property to retrieve.
```

--------------------------------

### Implement a Record-Based External UI Handler in C++

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/monitoring-an-installation-using-msisetexternaluirecord

This example demonstrates creating a console application that installs an MSI package silently while using a custom UI handler to display error, fatal exit, and warning messages.

```cpp
//
// ExternalUIRecord.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#include <tchar.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <msi.h>
#include <msiquery.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "msi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "user32.lib")
#ifndef _WIN32_MSI
#define _WIN32_MSI    310
#endif 

void Usage(LPCTSTR szProgram)
{
_tprintf(TEXT("Usage: %s <path to .MSI package>\n"), szProgram);
return;
}

// In the following snippet, the hRecord parameter is used only
// to format the displayed message. However, because hRecord is 
// a handle to a MSI record, the MSI API could be called to
// obtain information. The external UI handler should not close
// hRecord because the handle belongs to the Windows Installer.

INT CALLBACK UIHandler(LPVOID pvContext, UINT uiMessageType, MSIHANDLE hRecord)
{
INSTALLMESSAGE iMessage = (INSTALLMESSAGE)(0xFF000000 & uiMessageType);
BOOL bMessage = (INSTALLMESSAGE_ERROR == iMessage);
BOOL bFatalExit = (INSTALLMESSAGE_FATALEXIT == iMessage);
BOOL bWarning = (INSTALLMESSAGE_WARNING == iMessage);

if ((bMessage || bFatalExit || bWarning) && hRecord && pvContext)
{
TCHAR rgchMessage[1024];
DWORD dwMessage = sizeof(rgchMessage)/sizeof(TCHAR);
LPTSTR pszMessage = rgchMessage;

UINT uiRet = MsiFormatRecord(*(MSIHANDLE*)pvContext, 
                                 hRecord, pszMessage, &dwMessage);
if (ERROR_MORE_DATA == uiRet)
{
// Allocate a buffer to hold the string and terminating null.
pszMessage = new TCHAR[++dwMessage];
if (!pszMessage)
{
// no memory, return an error
return -1;
}
uiRet = MsiFormatRecord(*(MSIHANDLE*)pvContext, 
                                 hRecord, pszMessage, &dwMessage);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != uiRet)
{
// Return an error if an unexpected error occurs.
if (rgchMessage != pszMessage)
    delete [] pszMessage;
return -1;
}
}
TCHAR rgchFatalError[] = TEXT("Fatal Error");
TCHAR rgchError[] = TEXT("Error");
TCHAR rgchWarning[] = TEXT("Warning");
TCHAR* pszCaption = NULL;

if (INSTALLMESSAGE_ERROR == iMessage)
    pszCaption = rgchError;
else if (INSTALLMESSAGE_FATALEXIT == iMessage)
    pszCaption = rgchFatalError;
else if (INSTALLMESSAGE_WARNING == iMessage)
    pszCaption = rgchWarning;

int iResponse = MessageBox(NULL, pszMessage, 
                         pszCaption, uiMessageType & 0x00FFFFFF);

if (rgchMessage != pszMessage)
    delete [] pszMessage;
return iResponse;
}

// Signal that the handler handled this message.
return IDOK;
}

// A console application that takes the path to a package,
// installs the package silently, and uses a record based 
// external UI handler to display any error.

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
UINT uiRet = ERROR_SUCCESS;
MSIHANDLE hProduct = NULL;

if (2 != argc)
{
    // Incorrect command line used.
    Usage(argv[0]);
    uiRet = 1;
    goto End;
}

// Because thid example won't restore the UI level,
// ignore return value.
MsiSetInternalUI(INSTALLUILEVEL_NONE, /* pWnd */ NULL);

uiRet = MsiOpenPackage(argv[1], &hProduct);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != uiRet)
{
    _tprintf(TEXT("ERROR: Failed to open %s database.\n"), argv[1]);
    uiRet = 1;
    goto End;
}

// set the external UI handler
DWORD dwMessageFilter = INSTALLLOGMODE_FATALEXIT
       | INSTALLLOGMODE_ERROR | INSTALLLOGMODE_WARNING;

//Pass the pointer to hProduct as the pvContext argument, 
// so that the record based external UI handler
// can use it to format the records we send to it.

uiRet = MsiSetExternalUIRecord(UIHandler, 
              dwMessageFilter, (LPVOID)&hProduct, /* ppuiPrevHandle */ NULL);

if (ERROR_SUCCESS != uiRet)
{
    _tprintf(TEXT("ERROR: Failed to set the external UI handler.\n"));
    uiRet = 1;
    goto End;
}

// Do the default action and install the product.
uiRet = MsiDoAction(hProduct, TEXT(""));

End:
// Close opened resources.
if (hProduct)
    MsiCloseHandle(hProduct);

return ERROR_SUCCESS == uiRet ? 0 : 1;
}

```

--------------------------------

### Sample .ini file configuration

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/bootstrapping

Example structure for an .ini file defining MSI path, transforms, properties, and display settings.

```ini
[MSI]
MSI=\\sourceshare\Office2000\Office2000.msi
[MST]
MST1=\\sourceshare\Office2000\trns1.mst
MST2=\\sourceshare\Office2000\trns2.mst
[Options]
PUBLICPROPERTY=your value
[Display]
Display=None
```

--------------------------------

### Install Windows Installer Redistributable Syntax

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/windows-installer-redistributables

Command-line syntax for installing Windows Installer 4.5 redistributables on Windows XP and Windows Server 2003.

```CMD
<Name of the Redistributable>\[<options>]*
```

--------------------------------

### Example .idt format for _SummaryInformation

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/-summaryinformation

A sample .idt file structure showing the required header rows and property data entries.

```text
PropertyId   Value
i2  l255
_SummaryInformation PropertyId
1   1252
2   Installation Database
3   Internal Quick Test
4   Microsoft Corporation
5   Installer,MSI,Database
6   Installer Internal Release Quick Test
7   Intel;1033
9   {00000002-0001-0000-0000-624474736554}
12  1999/06/21
14  110
15  1
18  Windows Installer
```
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