### Create Directory and Change to It

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/csplit-invocation.html

Example setup for demonstrating csplit usage by creating a directory and navigating into it.

```bash
$ mkdir d && cd d
```

--------------------------------

### Install command synopses

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

These are the basic synopses for the `install` command, showing different ways to copy files and create directories with specified attributes.

```shell
install [option]... [-T] source dest
```

```shell
install [option]... source... directory
```

```shell
install [option]... -t directory source...
```

```shell
install [option]... -d directory...
```

--------------------------------

### Example input file 1

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Paired-and-unpaired-lines.html

Content of the first input file used in `join` examples.

```text
a 1
b 2
```

--------------------------------

### Install command with backup option

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Use the `--backup` option with `install` to create backups of files that would otherwise be overwritten or removed. This is useful for preserving previous versions during installation.

```shell
install -b [option]... [-T] source dest
```

--------------------------------

### Example input file 2

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Paired-and-unpaired-lines.html

Content of the second input file used in `join` examples.

```text
a A
c C
```

--------------------------------

### Example Debian Version Strings

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Provides examples of valid Debian version strings with different combinations of epoch and debian_revision.

```text
60.7.2esr-1~deb9u1
52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1
1:2.3.4-1+b2
327-2
1:1.0.13-3
2:1.19.2-1+deb9u5
```

--------------------------------

### cat Command Examples

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Examples demonstrating how to use the cat command to output file contents and standard input, or to copy standard input to standard output.

```bash
# Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.
cat f - g
```

```bash
# Copy standard input to standard output.
cat
```

--------------------------------

### Examples of Debian Version Strings

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Hyphen_002dminus-and-colon.html

Provides concrete examples of version strings adhering to Debian's syntax, showcasing the use of epoch and revision parts.

```plaintext
60.7.2esr-1~deb9u1
52.9.0esr-1~deb9u1
1:2.3.4-1+b2
327-2
1:1.0.13-3
2:1.19.2-1+deb9u5

```

--------------------------------

### Install command with compare option

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

The `--compare` option for `install` checks if the content and attributes of source and destination files are identical. If no changes are needed, the destination is not modified, which can prevent redundant operations.

```shell
install -C [option]... [-T] source dest
```

--------------------------------

### Install command with directory creation option

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Use the `-D` option with `install` to automatically create any missing parent directories for the destination file before copying. This ensures the target directory structure exists.

```shell
install -D [option]... [-T] source dest
```

--------------------------------

### Create symbolic link to a directory (Bad Example)

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/ln-invocation.html

This 'Bad Example' shows creating a symbolic link to a directory using a relative path that points to itself, which is generally not useful.

```bash
# Create link ../a pointing to a in that directory.
# Not really useful because it points to itself.
ln -s a ..
```

--------------------------------

### tac Command Example

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

An example demonstrating how to use the tac command with the -r and -s options to reverse a file character by character.

```bash
# Reverse a file character by character.
tac -r -s 'x\|[^x]'
```

--------------------------------

### Join command usage example

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/join-invocation.html

Demonstrates joining two files based on the first field.

```bash
$ cat file1
a 1
b 2
e 5

$ cat file2
a X
e Y
f Z

$ join file1 file2
a 1 X
e 5 Y
```

--------------------------------

### Change ownership using --from option

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/chown-invocation.html

Example of using the --from option to safely change ownership recursively.

```shell
chown -h -R --from=OLDUSER NEWUSER /
```

--------------------------------

### Debian Version String Syntax Example

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Illustrates the syntax of Debian version strings, including optional epoch and debian_revision parts.

```text
[epoch:]upstream_version[-debian_revision]
```

--------------------------------

### Configure unit separators

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/numfmt-invocation.html

Examples for setting unit separators for input and output scaling.

```bash
Add a space on output: --unit-separator=' '
Disable blanks on input: --unit-separator=''
Support blanks on input: --delimiter=''
Ditto and output non-breaking space: -d '' --unit-separator=$'\u00A0'
```

--------------------------------

### Example of ls --dired Output

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/What-information-is-listed.html

Demonstrates the output structure of ls with the --dired flag enabled.

```bash
$ mkdir -p a/sub/deeper a/sub2
$ touch a/f1 a/f2
$ touch a/sub/deeper/file
$ ls -gloRF --dired a
  a:
  total 8
  -rw-r--r-- 1    0 Jun 10 12:27 f1
  -rw-r--r-- 1    0 Jun 10 12:27 f2
  drwxr-xr-x 3 4096 Jun 10 12:27 sub/
  drwxr-xr-x 2 4096 Jun 10 12:27 sub2/

  a/sub:
  total 4
  drwxr-xr-x 2 4096 Jun 10 12:27 deeper/

  a/sub/deeper:
  total 0
  -rw-r--r-- 1 0 Jun 10 12:27 file

  a/sub2:
  total 0
//DIRED// 48 50 84 86 120 123 158 162 217 223 282 286
//SUBDIRED// 2 3 167 172 228 240 290 296
//DIRED-OPTIONS// --quoting-style=literal
```

--------------------------------

### Backup options for cp, mv, ln, install

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Specifies backup behavior for file operations.

```bash
--backup
```

--------------------------------

### Create symbolic link with absolute path (Bad Example)

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/ln-invocation.html

This 'Bad Example' illustrates creating a symbolic link using hard-coded absolute file names, which makes the link fragile and difficult to move.

```bash
# Hard coded file names don't move well.
ln -s $(pwd)/a /some/dir/
```

--------------------------------

### tsort Example with Simple Input

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/tsort-invocation.html

Demonstrates tsort's ability to produce a total ordering from a simple partial ordering.

```bash
tsort <<EOF
a b c
d
e f
b c d e
EOF

```

--------------------------------

### Example of Numeric Test with 'test'

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Demonstrates the usage of numeric comparison operators in 'test'. The first example shows a successful comparison, while the second illustrates an error when non-integer arguments are provided.

```bash
test -1 -gt -2 && echo yes
test -l abc -gt 1 && echo yes
test 0x100 -eq 1
```

--------------------------------

### cp -aL example with symlinks

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Demonstrates how `cp -aL` handles symlinks, preserving hard links by dereferencing command-line arguments.

```bash
$ mkdir b c; (cd b; : > a; ln -s a b); cp -aL b c; ls -i1 c/b
74163295 a
74163295 b
```

--------------------------------

### Running commands with modified environments

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/env-invocation.html

Examples of running commands with specific environment modifications.

```bash
env - PATH="$PATH" foo
```

```bash
env foo
```

```bash
env DISPLAY=gnu:0 LOGNAME=foo nemacs
```

```bash
env -u EDITOR PATH=/energy -- e=mc2 bar baz
```

--------------------------------

### Create a sparse file

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/du-invocation.html

Example command to create a sparse file with a specific apparent size.

```shell
dd bs=1 seek=2GiB if=/dev/null of=big
```

--------------------------------

### Version sort breakdown example

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Version_002dsort-ordering-rules.html

A visual representation of how the version sort algorithm decomposes two filenames into segments for comparison.

```text
foo  vs  foo   (rule 2, non-digits)
07   vs  7     (rule 3, digits)
.    vs  a.    (rule 2)
7    vs  7     (rule 3)
z    vs  z     (rule 2)
```

--------------------------------

### tsort Example: Simple List Sorting

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Demonstrates sorting a simple list of items with dependencies using tsort with a here-document.

```bash
tsort <<EOF
a b c
d
e f
b c d e
EOF

```

--------------------------------

### Start printing from a specific line number

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/tail-invocation.html

Use `-n +num` to start printing from line `num`. For example, `tail -n +2` skips the first line. This is useful for processing files where you need to exclude initial content.

```bash
tail -n +2
```

--------------------------------

### Inefficient checksumming of downloaded file

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/tee-invocation.html

This example shows an inefficient way to checksum a downloaded file, requiring the file to be read twice.

```bash
wget https://example.com/some.iso && cksum -a sha2 -l 256 some.iso
```

--------------------------------

### Show all information

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Use the --all option as a shortcut for '-b -d --login -p -r -t -T -u', displaying a comprehensive set of user and system information.

```bash
who --all
```

--------------------------------

### GNU Coreutils Version Sort Example

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Special-priority-in-GNU-Coreutils-version-sort.html

Demonstrates the special sorting priorities for version sort, including empty strings, '.', '..', and files starting with a dot. This behavior is consistent with 'ls -v'.

```bash
$ printf '%s\n' a "" b "." c  ".."  ".d20" ".d3"  | sort -V
.
..
.d3
.d20
a
b
c

```

--------------------------------

### Copy data in 1 MiB blocks with offset handling

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/dd-invocation.html

This example demonstrates copying data in 1 MiB blocks between a flash drive and a tape, while specifically excluding a 512-byte area at the start of the flash drive. It uses numeric multipliers for block sizes.

```bash
flash=/dev/sda
tape=/dev/st0

dd if=$flash of=$tape bs=1M skip=1
```

--------------------------------

### Using tee with Process Substitution for Checksumming

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This example demonstrates using `tee` with process substitution to write ISO data to a file and simultaneously compute its SHA-256 checksum.

```bash
wget -O - https://example.com/dvd.iso \
  | tee >(cksum -a sha2 -l 256 > dvd.sha256) > dvd.iso
```

--------------------------------

### pr: Specify starting page

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Starts `pr` output from a specific page number. This option can also specify a range of pages to print.

```bash
+first_page[:last_page]
```

--------------------------------

### ISO 8601 Combined Date and Time Examples

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Combined-date-and-time-of-day-items.html

Examples of valid ISO 8601 date and time strings using both 'T' and space separators.

```text
2022-09-24T20:02:00.052-05:00
2022-12-31T23:59:59,999999999+11:00
1970-01-01 00:00Z
```

--------------------------------

### Using numfmt with output padding

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This example shows how to pad output numbers to a specific width with spaces. Positive numbers right-align, negative numbers left-align.

```shell
numfmt --padding=n
```

--------------------------------

### Example of Preserving Links with cp -aH

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This example demonstrates preserving links using `cp -aH` when copying files and symbolic links, showing the resulting inode numbers.

```bash
$ mkdir c; : > a; ln -s a b; cp -aH a b c; ls -i1 c
74161745 a
74161745 b
```

--------------------------------

### Efficient method for downloading and checksumming using tee

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This example demonstrates an efficient approach using tee to download a file and compute its checksum simultaneously, parallelizing the process.

```bash
wget -O - https://example.com/some.iso | tee some.iso | cksum -a sha2 -l 256 > some.iso.sha256
```

--------------------------------

### Start with an empty environment using env -i

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

The `-i` or `--ignore-environment` option starts the command execution with a completely empty environment, discarding all inherited environment variables.

```bash
env -i command
```

--------------------------------

### Efficient checksumming using tee and process substitution

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/tee-invocation.html

This example demonstrates an efficient method to checksum a downloaded file by interleaving download and checksum computation using tee and process substitution. It requires a shell that supports process substitution like bash or zsh.

```bash
# slightly contrived, to demonstrate process substitution
wget -O - https://example.com/dvd.iso \
  | tee >(cksum -a sha2 -l 256 > dvd.sha256) > dvd.iso
```

--------------------------------

### date output format specifiers

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Arguments starting with '+' define the output format, similar to strftime. Conversion specifiers, starting with '%', are used for specific date and time elements.

```bash
+%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y
```

--------------------------------

### Using numfmt with a specific output unit size

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This example specifies the output unit size. It's used when output numbers represent other units, for example, converting bytes to kilobytes.

```shell
numfmt --to-unit=n
```

--------------------------------

### Install command for directory creation

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

The `--directory` option creates specified directories and any necessary parent directories. It sets owner, group, and mode according to command-line arguments or defaults.

```shell
install -d [option]... directory...
```

--------------------------------

### Install command with file mode

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Control the file mode bits of installed files or directories with the `--mode` option. You can specify octal numbers or symbolic modes, with a default of 'u=rwx,go=rx,a-s'.

```shell
install -m mode [option]... [-T] source dest
```

--------------------------------

### Padding examples for date output

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Padding-and-other-flags.html

Demonstrates different padding behaviors for numeric fields in `date` output. Use '-' for no padding, '_' for space padding.

```shell
date +%d/%m -d "Feb 1"
⇒ 01/02
```

```shell
date +%-d/%-m -d "Feb 1"
⇒ 1/2
```

```shell
date +%_d/%_m -d "Feb 1"
⇒  1/ 2
```

--------------------------------

### Install command with group ownership

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Specify the group ownership for installed files or directories using the `--group` option. This allows setting the group to a name or numeric ID, defaulting to the current process's group.

```shell
install -g group [option]... [-T] source dest
```

--------------------------------

### File extension handling: Debian vs. Coreutils

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Illustrates the difference in handling file extensions between Debian's algorithm and `sort -V`. The examples show distinct sorting outcomes.

```shell
$ compver hello-8.txt hello-8.2.txt 2>/dev/null
hello-8.2.txt
hello-8.txt
$ printf '%s\n' hello-8.txt hello-8.2.txt | sort -V
hello-8.txt
hello-8.2.txt
```

--------------------------------

### Install command with owner ownership

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Set the owner of installed files or directories using the `--owner` option, provided the process has sufficient privileges (e.g., run as root). The owner can be a name or numeric ID, defaulting to 'root'.

```shell
install -o owner [option]... [-T] source dest
```

--------------------------------

### cp --parents example

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Illustrates the use of `cp --parents` to create destination files with a full path structure relative to the target directory.

```bash
cp --parents a/b/c existing_dir
```

--------------------------------

### GET /uname

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/uname-invocation.html

Retrieves system information based on the provided options.

```APIDOC
## GET /uname

### Description
Prints information about the machine and operating system it is run on. If no options are given, it defaults to the -s option.

### Method
GET

### Endpoint
uname

### Parameters
#### Query Parameters
- **-a, --all** (flag) - Optional - Print all information.
- **-i, --hardware-platform** (flag) - Optional - Print the hardware platform name.
- **-m, --machine** (flag) - Optional - Print the machine hardware name.
- **-n, --nodename** (flag) - Optional - Print the network node hostname.
- **-p, --processor** (flag) - Optional - Print the processor type.
- **-o, --operating-system** (flag) - Optional - Print the name of the operating system.
- **-r, --kernel-release** (flag) - Optional - Print the kernel release.
- **-s, --kernel-name** (flag) - Optional - Print the kernel name.
- **-v, --kernel-version** (flag) - Optional - Print the kernel version.

### Response
#### Success Response (0)
- **Output** (string) - The requested system information string.

#### Error Response (non-zero)
- **Status** (integer) - Indicates failure.
```

--------------------------------

### Time of day format examples

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Time-of-day-items.html

Various valid representations of the same time of day.

```text
20:02:00.000000
20:02
8:02pm
20:02-0500      # In EST (U.S. Eastern Standard Time).
```

--------------------------------

### Create GNU-style backups with cp

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/cp-invocation.html

Iterates through a list of files and creates backups using the --backup and --force flags.

```bash
fail=0
for i; do
  cp --backup --force --preserve=all -- "$i" "$i" || fail=1
done
exit $fail
```

--------------------------------

### Synopsis of fmt command

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/fmt-invocation.html

This shows the basic syntax for using the fmt command with its options and file arguments.

```shell
fmt [option]... [file]...

```

--------------------------------

### Substring Extraction

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/String-expressions.html

Extracts a portion of a string based on a starting position and length.

```APIDOC
## substr string position length

### Description
Returns the substring of `string` beginning at `position` with a maximum length of `length`.

If `position` or `length` is negative, zero, or non-numeric, the null string is returned.

### Method
`expr` (string expression)

### Parameters
#### String Argument
- **string** (string) - The original string.
#### Position Argument
- **position** (integer) - The starting position (1-based index).
#### Length Argument
- **length** (integer) - The maximum length of the substring.

### Request Example
```bash
expr substr "hello world" 7 5
```

### Response
#### Success Response (string)
- **substring** (string) - The extracted substring.

#### Response Example
```
world
```
```

--------------------------------

### Efficient Compression of du Output with tee and Process Substitution

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This example uses `tee` and process substitution to compress `du` output efficiently, allowing immediate processing of the data while creating a compressed copy.

```bash
du -ak | tee >(gzip -9 > /tmp/du.gz) | checkspace -a
```

--------------------------------

### Example dd output format

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/dd-invocation.html

The standard output format for dd I/O statistics.

```text
3441325+0 records in
3441325+0 records out
3441325000 bytes (3.4 GB, 3.2 GiB) copied, 1.00036 s, 3.4 GB/s
5000000+0 records in
5000000+0 records out
5000000000 bytes (5.0 GB, 4.7 GiB) copied, 1.44433 s, 3.5 GB/s
```

--------------------------------

### Display RFC 5322 email format

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Options-for-date.html

Example output for the --rfc-email option.

```text
Mon, 09 Jul 2020 17:00:00 -0400
```

--------------------------------

### Create Directory and Change to It

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This command sequence is used to set up an empty directory for performing file operations.

```bash
$ mkdir d && cd d
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Current full month name and day

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Illustrates formatting the current date to show the full month name and day of the month. Note the potential for leading zeros on single-digit days.

```bash
date '+%B %d'
```

--------------------------------

### Efficiently Compress Output with tee and Process Substitution

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/tee-invocation.html

This approach uses `tee` with process substitution to start the GUI immediately and avoid decompression. The output of `du -ak` is piped to `tee`, which sends it to `gzip` for compression and simultaneously to `checkspace`.

```bash
du -ak | tee >(gzip -9 > /tmp/du.gz) | checkspace -a
```

--------------------------------

### Recursively Change Group Ownership

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/chgrp-invocation.html

Example of recursively changing the group ownership of a directory and its contents.

```bash
# Change the group of /u and subfiles to "staff".
chgrp -hR staff /u
```

--------------------------------

### File Extension Examples for Version Sort

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Illustrates how GNU Coreutils identifies file extensions based on specific patterns. The longest matching suffix is used, with exceptions for certain patterns.

```text
‘hello-8.txt’: the suffix is ‘.txt’
‘hello-8.2.txt’: the suffix is ‘.txt’ (‘.2’ is not included because the dot is not followed by a letter)
‘hello-8.0.12.tar.gz’: the suffix is ‘.tar.gz’ (‘.0.12’ is not included)
‘hello-8.2’: no suffix (suffix is an empty string)
‘hello.foobar65’: the suffix is ‘.foobar65’
‘gcc-c++-10.8.12-0.7rc2.fc9.tar.bz2’: the suffix is ‘.fc9.tar.bz2’ (‘.7rc2’ is not included as it begins with a digit)
‘.autom4te.cfg’: the suffix is the entire string.
```

--------------------------------

### Change Group Ownership

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/chgrp-invocation.html

Example of changing the group ownership of a file or directory to a specific group.

```bash
# Change the group of /u to "staff".
chgrp staff /u
```

--------------------------------

### Inefficient method for downloading and checksumming

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This example shows a less efficient way to download a file and then compute its checksum, requiring two passes.

```bash
wget https://example.com/some.iso && cksum -a sha2 -l 256 some.iso
```

--------------------------------

### Failed multi-argument shebang

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/env-invocation.html

Example of a failed attempt to pass multiple arguments to an interpreter in a shebang line.

```bash
#!/usr/bin/env perl -T -w
print "hello\n";
```

```bash
/usr/bin/env: 'perl -T -w': No such file or directory
```

--------------------------------

### Create Directories with Default Permissions

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Creates directories A, B, and C, preserving their default permissions. Sets specific permissions for A, B, and C using octal and symbolic modes.

```bash
mkdir A B C
chmod 755 A
chmod 0755 B
chmod u=rwx,go=rx C
```

--------------------------------

### Z85 Encoding Example

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/basenc-invocation.html

Encodes binary data to Z85 format. Input is provided via printf.

```bash
printf '\376\117\202\000' | basenc --z85
```

--------------------------------

### Print last system boot time

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

Use the --boot option to display the date and time of the last system boot.

```bash
who --boot
```

--------------------------------

### Factorize large numbers

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/factor-invocation.html

Example demonstrating the performance of factor on large numbers generated via bc.

```bash
$ M8=$(echo 2^31-1 | bc)
$ M9=$(echo 2^61-1 | bc)
$ n=$(echo "$M8 * $M9" | bc)
$ bash -c "time factor $n"
4951760154835678088235319297: 2147483647 2305843009213693951

real	0m0.006s
user	0m0.004s
sys	0m0.002s
```

--------------------------------

### Find and execute group change per file

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html

This example shows a safer, though slower, method of changing group ownership by executing the command for each found file individually.

```shell
find / -owner OLDUSER -exec chgrp -h NEWUSER {} \;
```

--------------------------------

### Base32hex Encoding Example

Source: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/basenc-invocation.html

Encodes binary data to Base32hex format. Input is provided via printf.

```bash
printf '\376\117\202' | basenc --base32hex
```