### HTTP/WebSocket Client Connection Example

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global

Demonstrates establishing a TLS connection to www.baidu.com, sending an HTTP GET request, and reading the response in Python. This showcases basic client-server communication.

```python
def main():
    client = Dial("tls://www.baidu.com:443")
    if client:
        client.write("GET / HTTP/1.1\nConnection: Closed\n\n")
        while True:
            buf = client.read()
            if not buf:
                break
            Log(buf)
        client.close()
__
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ Thread Creation and Management

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/os/os/mkdir

Provides examples of creating and managing threads using the 'threading' module. This includes starting new threads, getting current threads, and synchronization primitives like Lock, Condition, and Event.

```javascript
var t = threading.Thread(function() {
  Log("Thread running");
});
t.start();

var main = threading.mainThread();
var current = threading.currentThread();

var lock = threading.Lock();
lock.acquire();
lock.release();

var cond = threading.Condition();
cond.notify();
cond.notifyAll();
cond.wait();

var event = threading.Event();
event.set();
event.clear();
event.wait();
```

--------------------------------

### HTTP/WebSocket Client Connection Example

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global

Demonstrates establishing a TLS connection to www.baidu.com, sending an HTTP GET request, and reading the response. It shows basic client-server interaction using the Dial function.

```javascript
function main(){
    // Dial支持tcp://，udp://，tls://，unix://协议，可加一个参数指定超时的秒数
    var client = Dial("tls://www.baidu.com:443")
    if (client) {
        // write可再跟一个数字参数指定超时,write返回成功发送的字节数
        client.write("GET / HTTP/1.1\nConnection: Closed\n\n")
        while (true) {
            // read可再跟一个数字参数指定超时，单位：毫秒。返回null指出错或者超时或者socket已经关闭
            var buf = client.read()
            if (!buf) {
                break
            }
            Log(buf)
        }
        client.close()
    }
}
 __
```

--------------------------------

### HTTP/WebSocket Client Connection Example

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global

Illustrates making a TLS connection to www.baidu.com, sending an HTTP GET request, and reading the server's response using C++. This example highlights fundamental client-server interaction.

```c++
void main() {
    auto client = Dial("tls://www.baidu.com:443");
    if(client.Valid) {
        client.write("GET / HTTP/1.1\nConnection: Closed\n\n");
        while(true) {
            auto buf = client.read();
            if(buf == "") {
                break;
            }
            Log(buf);
        }
        client.close();
    }
}
__
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Fetching and Displaying Funding Rates (C++)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/futures

This C++ example illustrates how to retrieve funding rate data using exchange.GetFundings() and present it in a structured table. It also demonstrates handling calls with and without the symbol parameter.

```c++
/*backtest
start: 2024-10-01 00:00:00
end: 2024-10-23 00:05:00
period: 1m
basePeriod: 1m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"SOL_USDC"}]
*/

void main() {
    // LPT_USDT.swap 4小时周期
    json arrSymbol = R"([])"_json;
    std::string symbols[] = {"SOL_USDT.swap", "ETH_USDT.swap", "LTC_USDT.swap", "SOL_USDC.swap", "ETH_USDC.swap", "BTC_USD.swap", "BTC_USDT.quarter", "LPT_USDT.swap"};
    for (const std::string& symbol : symbols) {
        exchange.GetTicker(symbol);
        arrSymbol.push_back(symbol);
    }

    std::vector<std::vector<Funding>> arr = {};
    std::string arrParams[] = {"no param", "LTC_USDT.swap", "USDT.swap", "USD.swap", "USDC.swap", "USDT.futures", "BTC_USDT.quarter"};
    for (const std::string& p : arrParams) {
        if (p == "no param") {
            arr.push_back(exchange.GetFundings());
        } else {
            arr.push_back(exchange.GetFundings(p));
        }
    }

    json tbls = R"([])"_json;
    int index = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
        auto fundings = arr[i];

        json tbl = R"({ 
            "type": "table", 
            "cols": ["Symbol", "Interval", "Time", "Rate"],
            "rows": []
        })"_json;
        tbl["title"] = arrParams[index];

        for (int j = 0; j < fundings.size(); j++) {
            auto f = fundings[j];
            // json arrJson = {f.Symbol, f.Interval / 3600000, _D(f.Time), string(f.Rate * 100) + " %"};
            json arrJson = {f.Symbol, f.Interval / 3600000, _D(f.Time), f.Rate};
            tbl["rows"].push_back(arrJson);
        }
        tbls.push_back(tbl);
        index++;
    }

    LogStatus(_D(), "\n 已经请求过的行情品种:", arrSymbol.dump(), "\n`" + tbls.dump() + "`");
}
__

```

--------------------------------

### Backpack.exchange WebSocket Private API Example

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun

A practical example demonstrating how to connect to the Backpack.exchange private WebSocket API, subscribe to account updates, and handle potential issues with special characters in the payload when constructing the Dial address.

```APIDOC
## BackPack.exchange WebSocket Private API Example

### Description
This example shows how to establish a WebSocket connection to Backpack.exchange, authenticate, and subscribe to order updates using the `Dial` function. It highlights a common issue where directly embedding a JSON payload with special characters into the `Dial` address string can lead to parsing errors. The recommended approach is to establish the connection first and then use `client.write()` to send the payload.

### Method
`Dial(address string)` and `client.write(data string)`

### Endpoint
`wss://ws.backpack.exchange`

### Parameters
#### Path Parameters
None

#### Query Parameters
None

#### Request Body
None (Payload is sent via `client.write()`)

### Request Example
```javascript
var client = null

function main() {
    // base64编码的秘钥对公钥，即在FMZ上配置的access key
    var base64ApiKey = "xxx"

    var ts = String(new Date().getTime())
    var data = "instruction=subscribe&timestamp=" + ts + "&window=5000"

    // 由于signEd25519最终返回的是base64编码，其中会有字符"="
    var signature = signEd25519(data)

    // payload 被JSON编码后可能包含字符"="
    payload = {
        "method": "SUBSCRIBE",
        "params": ["account.orderUpdate"],
        "signature": [base64ApiKey, signature, ts, "5000"]
    }

    // Recommended: Establish connection first
    client = Dial("wss://ws.backpack.exchange")
    if (!client) {
        Log("连接失败, 程序退出")
        return
    }
    client.write(JSON.stringify(payload))

    while (true) {
        var buf = client.read()
        Log(buf)
    }
}

function onexit() {
    client.close()
}

function signEd25519(data) {
    return exchange.Encode("ed25519.seed", "raw", "base64", data, "base64", "{{secretkey}}")
}
```

**Incorrect approach (avoid):**
```javascript
// Incorrect: Directly embedding payload in Dial address can cause issues
// client = Dial("wss://ws.backpack.exchange|payload=" + JSON.stringify(payload))
```

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **string** - Data received from the WebSocket.

#### Response Example
```json
{
  "channel": "account.orderUpdate",
  "data": { ... } 
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### HttpQuery with Proxy

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/httpquery

Example of setting up a proxy for the HttpQuery function.

```APIDOC
## HttpQuery with Proxy

### Description
This section provides examples of using the `HttpQuery` function with proxy settings.

### Method
```
HttpQuery(url)
```

### Endpoint
N/A (This is a function call)

### Parameters
#### Path Parameters
None

#### Query Parameters
None

#### Request Body
None

### Request Example
#### Javascript Example
```javascript
function main() {
    // Set proxy and send HTTP request without username or password.
    // This HTTP request will be sent via the proxy.
    HttpQuery("socks5://127.0.0.1:8889/http://www.baidu.com/");

    // Set proxy with username and password, effective only for the current HttpQuery call.
    // Subsequent calls to HttpQuery("http://www.baidu.com") will not use the proxy.
    HttpQuery("socks5://username:password@127.0.0.1:8889/http://www.baidu.com/");
}
```

#### C++ Example
```cpp
void main() {
    HttpQuery("socks5://127.0.0.1:8889/http://www.baidu.com/");
    HttpQuery("socks5://username:password@127.0.0.1:8889/http://www.baidu.com/");
}
```

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **response** (string / object) - Returns the response data of the request. Parsed as JSON if `debug` is true, otherwise a string.

#### Response Example
```json
{
  "example": "response body"
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### Query gasPrice

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/web3/exchange.ioapi-blockchain-...

Example of how to query the current gas price on the Ethereum network.

```APIDOC
## Query gasPrice

### Description
Retrieves the current gas price on the Ethereum network.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
`/api/blockchain/rpc`

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **k** (string) - Required - Set to "api".
- **blockChain** (string) - Required - Set to "eth".
- **rpcMethod** (string) - Required - Set to "eth_gasPrice".

### Request Example
```json
{
  "k": "api",
  "blockChain": "eth",
  "rpcMethod": "eth_gasPrice"
}
```

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **result** (string) - The current gas price in wei (hexadecimal format).

#### Response Example
```json
{
  "result": "0x530101c400"
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### Query ETH Balance

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/web3/exchange.ioapi-blockchain-...

Example of how to query the ETH balance of a wallet using the exchange.IO API.

```APIDOC
## Query ETH Balance

### Description
Retrieves the ETH balance for a given wallet address.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
`/api/blockchain/rpc`

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **k** (string) - Required - Set to "api".
- **blockChain** (string) - Required - Set to "eth".
- **rpcMethod** (string) - Required - Set to "eth_getBalance".
- **args** (array) - Required - Contains the wallet address and block parameter (e.g., "owner", "latest").

### Request Example
```json
{
  "k": "api",
  "blockChain": "eth",
  "rpcMethod": "eth_getBalance",
  "args": ["0xOwnerAddressHere", "latest"]
}
```

### Response
#### Success Response (200)
- **result** (string) - The ETH balance in hexadecimal format (e.g., "0x9b19ce56113070").

#### Response Example
```json
{
  "result": "0x9b19ce56113070"
}
```
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ Data Structures: Dictionary Operations

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/web3/exchange.ioencode-...

Illustrates the use of the `Dict` data structure in FMZ for key-value storage. Includes examples of creating a dictionary, setting values using `set`, and retrieving values using `get`. `Dict` is often used for configuration or temporary data storage.

```javascript
function main() {
    const myConfig = new Dict();
    myConfig.set("strategyName", "MyAwesomeStrategy");
    myConfig.set("leverage", 10);
    myConfig.set("enabled", true);

    Log("Strategy Name:", myConfig.get("strategyName"));
    Log("Leverage:", myConfig.get("leverage"));
    
    // Check if a key exists
    if (myConfig.get("enabled")) {
        Log("Strategy is enabled.");
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### HTTP Request Log Output Example

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/struct/otherstruct

This is an example of the HTTP request that would be sent when the above JavaScript code is executed. It shows the request method, headers, and body content as it would appear in a log.

```log
POST / HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Cookie: session_id=12345; lang=en
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
Test-Http-Query: 123
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; ...
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br

e
a=10&b=20&c=30
0
```

--------------------------------

### Get Thread Object by Thread ID

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun

Demonstrates how to retrieve a specific thread object using its ID with the `getThread(threadId)` function. This is useful for interacting with or inspecting threads after they have been created, as shown in the example where a thread gets itself.

```javascript
function main() {
    var t1 = threading.Thread(function () {
        // Thread 对象有方法：id()，用于获取线程的Id，可以查看文档对应Thread对象的章节
        var id = threading.currentThread().id()
        var thread1 = threading.getThread(id)

        Log("id:", id, ", thread1.id():", thread1.id())
        Log(`id == thread1.id():`, id == thread1.id())
    })
    t1.join()
}
```

--------------------------------

### Python Web3 Contract Interaction (ABI Example)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/futures

Shows how to interact with a smart contract on the blockchain using the `Web3` library in Python, specifically demonstrating the use of `exchange.IO("abi", ...)` to handle contract functionalities based on its ABI.

```python
# Assuming 'web3' and 'contract_address' are initialized
# abi_json = "..." # JSON string of the contract's ABI
# contract = web3.eth.contract(address=contract_address, abi=abi_json)
# result = exchange.IO("abi", contract, "function_name", arg1, arg2)
print("Example of Web3 contract interaction with ABI.")
```

--------------------------------

### Create HTTP, TCP, and WebSocket Services with __Serve (JavaScript)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/__serve

Demonstrates how to use the __Serve function in JavaScript to create an HTTP server supporting WebSocket upgrades, and a TCP server. The HTTP server handles different paths for basic responses, ticker data, and WebSocket connections. The example also shows how to test these services using HttpQuery and Dial.

```javascript
function main() {
    let httpServer = __Serve("http://:8088?gzip=true", function (ctx) {
        Log("http connect from: ", ctx.remoteAddr(), "->", ctx.localAddr())
        let path = ctx.path()
        if (path == "/") {
            ctx.write(JSON.stringify({
                path: ctx.path(),
                method: ctx.method(),
                headers: ctx.headers(),
                cookie: ctx.header("Cookie"),
                remote: ctx.remoteAddr(),
                query: ctx.rawQuery()
            }))
        } else if (path == "/tickers") {
            let ret = exchange.GetTickers()
            if (!ret) {
                ctx.setStatus(500)
                ctx.write(GetLastError())
            } else {
                ctx.write(JSON.stringify(ret))
            }
        } else if (path == "/wss") {
            if (ctx.upgrade("websocket")) { // upgrade to websocket
                while (true) {
                    let r = ctx.read(10)
                    if (r == "") {
                        break
                    } else if (r) {
                        if (r == "ticker") {
                            ctx.write(JSON.stringify(exchange.GetTicker()))
                        } else {
                            ctx.write("not support")
                        }
                    }
                }
                Log("websocket closed", ctx.remoteAddr())
            }
        } else {
            ctx.setStatus(404)
        }
    })
    let echoServer = __Serve("tcp://:8089", function (ctx) {
        Log("tcp connect from: ", ctx.remoteAddr(), "->", ctx.localAddr())
        while (true) {
            let d = ctx.read()
            if (!d) {
                break
            }
            ctx.write(d)
        }
        Log("connect closed")
    })
    Log("http serve on", httpServer, "tcp serve on", echoServer)

    for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        if (i == 2) {
            // test Http
            var retHttp = HttpQuery("http://127.0.0.1:8088?num=123&limit=100", {"debug": true})
            Log("retHttp:", retHttp)
        } else if (i == 3) {
            // test TCP
            var tcpConn = Dial("tcp://127.0.0.1:8089")
            tcpConn.write("Hello TCP Server")
            var retTCP = tcpConn.read()
            Log("retTCP:", retTCP)
        } else if (i == 4) {
            // test Websocket
            var wsConn = Dial("ws://127.0.0.1:8088/wss|compress=gzip")
            wsConn.write("ticker")
            var retWS = wsConn.read(1000)
            Log("retWS:", retWS)
            // no depth
            wsConn.write("depth")
            retWS = wsConn.read(1000)
            Log("retWS:", retWS)
        }
        Sleep(1000)
    }
}
 __
```

--------------------------------

### Get Current Thread Object and ID (JavaScript)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/threads/threading/currentthread

The currentThread() function retrieves the current thread object. This example shows how to use it to log the ID of the current thread. It requires the 'threading' module.

```javascript
function test() {
    Log("当前线程的Id：", threading.currentThread().id())
}

function main() {
    var t1 = threading.Thread(test)
    t1.join()
}
```

--------------------------------

### OS Module: Creating a Directory

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/log/chart

Demonstrates creating a new directory using os.mkdir. This function takes the path of the directory to be created as an argument.

```javascript
os.mkdir("/path/to/new_directory");
Log("Directory created.");
```

--------------------------------

### Trade Execution - Placing Orders

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/os/file/getline

Illustrates how to place buy and sell orders using the exchange object's trade functions. It covers basic order placement and setting precision for trades.

```javascript
exchange.SetPrecision(2, 4); // Set precision for price and amount
var buyResult = exchange.Buy(symbol, amount, price);
Log("Buy Order Result:", buyResult);
var sellResult = exchange.Sell(symbol, amount, price);
Log("Sell Order Result:", sellResult);
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ exchange.IO: Simple API Get Request (JavaScript, Python, C++)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun

This example demonstrates a straightforward API GET request using exchange.IO() without the 'raw' parameter. It fetches pending orders for the SPOT instrument type from the OKX API. This method is suitable for simple data retrieval from exchange endpoints.

```javascript
function main(){
    var ret = exchange.IO("api", "GET", "/api/v5/trade/orders-pending", "instType=SPOT")
    Log(ret)
} 
 __
```

```python
def main():
    ret = exchange.IO("api", "GET", "/api/v5/trade/orders-pending", "instType=SPOT")
    Log(ret)
__
```

```cpp
void main() {
    auto ret = exchange.IO("api", "GET", "/api/v5/trade/orders-pending", "instType=SPOT");
    Log(ret);
}
__
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ NetSettings Proxy Configuration

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/os/os/mkdir

Demonstrates setting a proxy server for network requests using exchange.SetProxy().

```javascript
exchange.SetProxy("http://proxy.example.com:8080");
Log("Proxy set.");
```

--------------------------------

### JavaScript: Global Built-in Functions

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/web3/exchange.ioabi-...

Provides examples of various global built-in functions available in FMZ JavaScript, such as Sleep for pausing execution, GetPid for retrieving the process ID, and UnixNano for getting nanosecond timestamps.

```javascript
// Pause execution for 1 second
Sleep(1000);

// Get the current process ID
let pid = GetPid();
console.log("Process ID:", pid);

// Get current time in nanoseconds
let nanoTime = UnixNano();
console.log("Nanosecond Timestamp:", nanoTime);
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ __Serve: Create HTTP, TCP, WebSocket Servers (JavaScript)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun

This JavaScript example demonstrates how to use the __Serve function to create an HTTP server that handles various requests including root path, tickers, and WebSocket upgrades. It also sets up a TCP echo server and shows how to test these services using HttpQuery, Dial for TCP, and Dial for WebSocket connections. The server URI specifies the protocol, host, and port, with options like gzip compression.

```javascript
function main() {
    let httpServer = __Serve("http://:8088?gzip=true", function (ctx) {
        Log("http connect from: ", ctx.remoteAddr(), ">", ctx.localAddr())
        let path = ctx.path()
        if (path == "/") {
            ctx.write(JSON.stringify({
                path: ctx.path(),
                method: ctx.method(),
                headers: ctx.headers(),
                cookie: ctx.header("Cookie"),
                remote: ctx.remoteAddr(),
                query: ctx.rawQuery()
            }))
        } else if (path == "/tickers") {
            let ret = exchange.GetTickers()
            if (!ret) {
                ctx.setStatus(500)
                ctx.write(GetLastError())
            } else {
                ctx.write(JSON.stringify(ret))
            }
        } else if (path == "/wss") {
            if (ctx.upgrade("websocket")) { // upgrade to websocket
                while (true) {
                    let r = ctx.read(10)
                    if (r == "") {
                        break
                    } else if (r) {
                        if (r == "ticker") {
                            ctx.write(JSON.stringify(exchange.GetTicker()))
                        } else {
                            ctx.write("not support")
                        }
                    }
                }
                Log("websocket closed", ctx.remoteAddr())
            }
        } else {
            ctx.setStatus(404)
        }
    })
    let echoServer = __Serve("tcp://:8089", function (ctx) {
        Log("tcp connect from: ", ctx.remoteAddr(), ">", ctx.localAddr())
        while (true) {
            let d = ctx.read()
            if (!d) {
                break
            }
            ctx.write(d)
        }
        Log("connect closed")
    })
    Log("http serve on", httpServer, "tcp serve on", echoServer)

    for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        if (i == 2) {
            // test Http
            var retHttp = HttpQuery("http://127.0.0.1:8088?num=123&limit=100", {"debug": true})
            Log("retHttp:", retHttp)
        } else if (i == 3) {
            // test TCP
            var tcpConn = Dial("tcp://127.0.0.1:8089")
            tcpConn.write("Hello TCP Server")
            var retTCP = tcpConn.read()
            Log("retTCP:", retTCP)
        } else if (i == 4) {
            // test Websocket
            var wsConn = Dial("ws://127.0.0.1:8088/wss|compress=gzip")
            wsConn.write("ticker")
            var retWS = wsConn.read(1000)
            Log("retWS:", retWS)
            // no depth
            wsConn.write("depth")
            retWS = wsConn.read(1000)
            Log("retWS:", retWS)
        }
        Sleep(1000)
    }
}
 __
```

--------------------------------

### GetLastError: Get Last Error Message (JS, Python, C++)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global

GetLastError retrieves the most recent error message. It is important to note that this function does not work in the backtesting system. Examples are provided for JavaScript, Python, and C++.

```javascript
function main(){
    // 因为不存在编号为123的订单，所以会产生错误
    exchange.GetOrder("123")
    var error = GetLastError()
    Log(error)
}
```

```python
def main():
    exchange.GetOrder("123")
    error = GetLastError()
    Log(error)
```

```cpp
void main() {
    // 订单ID类型：TId，因此不能传入字符串，我们下一个不符合交易所规范的订单来触发错误
    exchange.GetOrder(exchange.Buy(1, 1));
    auto error = GetLastError();
    Log(error);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Using NATS, MQTT, AMQP, and Kafka Communication Protocols (JavaScript)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/dial

Demonstrates connecting to and using NATS, MQTT, AMQP, and Kafka communication protocols within FMZ strategies. Requires pre-configured proxy servers for each protocol. The example shows both writing and reading data for each protocol.

```javascript
// 需要先配置、部署完成各个协议的代理服务器
// 为了便于演示，主题test_topic的订阅（read操作）、发布（write操作）都在当前这个策略中进行

var arrConn = []
var arrName = []

function main() {
    LogReset(1)
    conn_nats = Dial("nats://admin@127.0.0.1:4222?topic=test_topic")
    conn_mqtt = Dial("mqtt://127.0.0.1:1883?topic=test_topic")
    conn_amqp = Dial("amqp://q:admin@127.0.0.1:5672/?queue=test_Queue")
    conn_kafka = Dial("kafka://localhost:9092/test_topic")
    arrConn = [conn_nats, conn_amqp, conn_mqtt, conn_kafka]
    arrName = ["nats", "amqp", "mqtt", "kafka"]

    while (true) {
        for (var i in arrConn) {
            var conn = arrConn[i]
            var name = arrName[i]

            // 写数据
            conn.write(name + ", time: " + _D() + ", test msg.")

            // 读数据
            var readMsg = conn.read(1000)
            Log(name + " readMsg: ", readMsg, "#FF0000")
        }

        Sleep(1000)
    }
}

function onexit() {
    for (var i in arrConn) {
        arrConn[i].close()
        Log("关闭", arrName[i], "连接")
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Get Specific Funding Rate Data by Symbol (FMZ)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/futures

This example demonstrates how to use exchange.GetFundings(symbol) to retrieve funding rate data for a specific trading pair. The function returns an array of Funding structures on success or null on failure.

```javascript
exchange.GetFundings(symbol)
```

```python
exchange.GetFundings(p)
```

```c++
exchange.GetFundings(p)
```

--------------------------------

### Basic Input/Output and String Formatting in FMZ

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/threads/thread/terminate

Demonstrates fundamental input/output operations using file descriptors and `printf` for formatted output. Includes functions for flushing buffers and seeking within files.

```javascript
var fd = 1; // Standard output
printf(fd, "Value: %d\n", 123);
os.flush(fd);
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ Threading Module: Basic Thread Management

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/web3/exchange

Illustrates the creation and management of threads using the threading module. This includes starting new threads, getting the main thread, current thread, and terminating threads.

```javascript
// Function to be executed in a thread
function threadTask(id) {
  console.log('Thread', id, 'started.');
  Sleep(1000);
  console.log('Thread', id, 'finished.');
}

// Create and start a new thread
var t1 = threading.Thread(threadTask, 1);
console.log('Thread 1 created.');

// Get main thread and current thread
console.log('Main Thread:', threading.mainThread());
console.log('Current Thread:', threading.currentThread());

// Wait for thread to finish (optional)
t1.join();

// Terminate a thread (use with caution)
// t1.terminate();
```

--------------------------------

### Get Thread ID with id() in JavaScript

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/threads/thread/id

The id() function retrieves the threadId of a multithreaded object. This example creates a new thread, assigns some data to it, and then logs the thread's ID using t1.id(). The thread is then joined to ensure proper execution.

```javascript
function main() {
    var t1 = threading.Thread(function() {
        threading.currentThread().setData("data", 100)
    })
    Log(`t1.id():`, t1.id())
    t1.join()
}
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ Built-in Global Functions (JavaScript)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/getlasterror

Provides examples of using various global utility functions available in the FMZ environment. This includes functions for sleeping, getting process information, error handling, and generating unique IDs.

```javascript
Sleep(1000);
var pid = GetPid();
var uuid = UUID();
var error = GetLastError();
```

--------------------------------

### File System Operations in FMZ (OS Library)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/log/enablelog

Provides examples of basic file system operations such as reading directories, checking file existence, creating directories, and file manipulation.

```javascript
os.listFiles("/data")
os.exists("config.json")
os.mkdir("new_dir")
os.remove("old_file.txt")
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ: Exchange API - Tickers and Depth

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/os/file/write

Provides examples of fetching market data from an exchange using the FMZ exchange API. This includes getting ticker information and order book depth. These functions are crucial for real-time trading analysis.

```javascript
// Get ticker information for a specific market
var ticker = exchange.GetTicker();

// Get the order book depth for a specific market
var depth = exchange.GetDepth();
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ Technical Analysis Indicator Calculation (JavaScript)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/json

Calculates various technical analysis indicators using the `TA` module. This example shows how to get the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) values. It requires historical price data.

```javascript
var kLine = exchange.GetRecords("BTC_USDT", "1h");
var macd = TA.MACD(kLine, "close", 12, 26, 9);

if (macd) {
    Log("MACD Diff:", macd.diff[macd.diff.length - 1]);
    Log("MACD Signal:", macd.signal[macd.signal.length - 1]);
    Log("MACD Hist:", macd.macd[macd.macd.length - 1]);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Logging and Error Handling in FMZ

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/web3/exchange.ioencodepacked-...

Provides examples of logging information, errors, and profit-related data within the FMZ environment. It also shows how to enable logging and reset log files.

```javascript
Log("This is an informational message.");
console.error("This is an error message.");
LogProfit(100);
LogProfitReset();
EnableLog();
LogReset();
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ NetSettings Base Configuration

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/os/os/mkdir

Shows how to set the base currency for network settings using exchange.SetBase().

```javascript
exchange.SetBase("BTC");
Log("Base currency set.");
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ Exchange Market Data Functions (JavaScript)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/isvirtual

Provides examples of how to retrieve market data from exchanges using the `exchange` object in JavaScript. This includes getting ticker information, order book depth, trade history, and historical K-line data.

```javascript
// Get ticker information
let ticker = exchange.GetTicker();
console.log("Ticker:", ticker);

// Get order book depth
let depth = exchange.GetDepth();
console.log("Depth:", depth);

// Get recent trades
let trades = exchange.GetTrades();
console.log("Trades:", trades);

// Get historical K-line data (e.g., 1-hour period)
let records = exchange.GetRecords(null, "1h");
console.log("K-line Records:", records);
```

--------------------------------

### Get Funding Rate Data (Python)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/futures/exchange

This Python function illustrates the use of exchange.GetFundings() to fetch funding rate data. It mirrors the JavaScript example by calling GetTicker for multiple symbols and then retrieving funding rates, both with and without a specified symbol. The output is then logged.

```python
'''backtest
start: 2024-10-01 00:00:00
end: 2024-10-23 00:05:00
period: 1m
basePeriod: 1m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"SOL_USDC"}]
'''

import json

def main():
    # LPT_USDT.swap 4小时周期
    symbols = ["SOL_USDT.swap", "ETH_USDT.swap", "LTC_USDT.swap", "SOL_USDC.swap", "ETH_USDC.swap", "BTC_USD.swap", "BTC_USDT.quarter", "LPT_USDT.swap"]
    for symbol in symbols:
        exchange.GetTicker(symbol)

    arr = []
    arrParams = ["no param", "LTC_USDT.swap", "USDT.swap", "USD.swap", "USDC.swap", "USDT.futures", "BTC_USDT.quarter"]
    for p in arrParams:
        if p == "no param":
            arr.append(exchange.GetFundings())
        else:
            arr.append(exchange.GetFundings(p))

    tbls = []
    index = 0
    for fundings in arr:
        tbl = {
            "type": "table",
            "title": arrParams[index],
            "cols": ["Symbol", "Interval", "Time", "Rate"],
            "rows": [],
        }

        for f in fundings:
            tbl["rows"].append([f["Symbol"], f["Interval"] / 3600000, _D(f["Time"]), str(f["Rate"] * 100) + " %"])

        tbls.append(tbl)
        index += 1

    LogStatus(_D(), "\n 已经请求过的行情品种:", symbols, "\n`" + json.dumps(tbls) + "`")
__

```

--------------------------------

### Talib Technical Indicators Example

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/httpquery

Showcases the integration and usage of a wide range of technical analysis indicators from the Talib library. This includes candlestick patterns, trend indicators, oscillators, and more. You need to ensure Talib is correctly installed and accessible within the FMZ environment.

```javascript
// Assuming 'closePrices', 'openPrices', 'highPrices', 'lowPrices' are arrays of price data

// Candlestick Pattern: Doji
const doji = talib.CDLDOJI(openPrices, highPrices, lowPrices, closePrices);
Log("Doji Pattern:", doji);

// Candlestick Pattern: Engulfing
const engulfing = talib.CDLENGULFING(openPrices, highPrices, lowPrices, closePrices);
Log("Engulfing Pattern:", engulfing);

// Trend Indicator: Moving Average Exponential
const ema = talib.EMA(closePrices, 10);
Log("EMA (10 periods):", ema);

// Oscillator: Relative Strength Index
const rsi = talib.RSI(closePrices, 14);
Log("RSI (14 periods):", rsi);

// Momentum Indicator: Moving Average Convergence Divergence
const macd = talib.MACD(closePrices, 12, 26, 9);
Log("MACD:", macd);

// Volatility Indicator: Average True Range
const natr = talib.NATR(highPrices, lowPrices, closePrices, 14);
Log("NATR (14 periods):", natr);

```

--------------------------------

### Order Execution with FMZ Exchange API

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/__serve

Illustrates how to place buy and sell orders, create new orders, cancel existing orders, and retrieve order information using the `exchange` object's trade methods. Precision and rate settings are also shown.

```javascript
exchange.SetPrecision(8, 8);
var buyOrder = exchange.Buy("BTC_USD", 10000, 0.1);
var sellOrder = exchange.Sell("BTC_USD", 10000, 0.1);
var orderInfo = exchange.GetOrder(buyOrder.id);
exchange.CancelOrder(buyOrder.id);
```

--------------------------------

### Operating System File Operations in FMZ

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/__serve

Provides examples of interacting with the operating system's file system using FMZ's `os` and `File` objects. This includes reading/writing files, checking existence, creating/removing directories, and getting file statistics.

```javascript
var files = os.listFiles(".");
var f = os.open("data.txt", "w");
f.write("hello");
f.close();
var exists = os.exists("data.txt");
os.mkdir("new_dir");
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ Exchange Order Placement (Buy/Sell)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/log/logprofitreset

Provides examples of placing buy and sell orders on an exchange using the exchange object. Requires parameters like symbol, price, and amount.

```javascript
exchange.Buy(symbol, price, amount);
exchange.Sell(symbol, price, amount);
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ OS Module: Creating and Removing Directories

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/os/os/remove

Demonstrates creating a directory with `os.mkdir()` and removing an empty directory with `os.rmdir()`. These are fundamental file system operations.

```javascript
var newDir = "/path/to/new_directory";
os.mkdir(newDir);
Log("Directory created.");
// To remove: os.rmdir(newDir);
```

--------------------------------

### Get Thread Name with name() in JavaScript

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/threads/thread/name

This example demonstrates how to create a new thread using threading.Thread and then retrieve its name using the name() function. The thread is set up to perform a simple data operation, and its name is logged to the console. The name() function returns a string identifier for the thread.

```javascript
function main() {
    var t1 = threading.Thread(function() {
        threading.currentThread().setData("data", 100)
    })
    Log(`t1.name():`, t1.name())  // t1.name(): Thread-1
    t1.join()
}
```

--------------------------------

### Network Settings Configuration (FMZ Exchange API)

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/threads/thread/peekmessage

Examples for configuring network-related settings like base currency, proxy, and timeouts using the FMZ exchange API.

```javascript
// Set the base currency
exchange.SetBase("USD");

// Set a proxy server
exchange.SetProxy("http://proxy.example.com:8080");

// Set the request timeout in milliseconds
exchange.SetTimeout(5000);
```

--------------------------------

### FMZ OS Create Directory

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/global/md5

Shows how to create a new directory using `os.mkdir`. This function is useful for organizing files and managing the file system structure.

```javascript
var newDirPath = '/path/to/new/directory';
if (os.mkdir(newDirPath)) {
    console.log('Directory created successfully.');
} else {
    console.log('Failed to create directory.');
}
```

--------------------------------

### Backtest: Get All Market Data After Invoking Market Functions

Source: https://www.fmz.com/syntax-guide/fun/market

This example demonstrates how exchange.GetMarkets() behaves within a backtesting environment. Initially, it might only return data for the default trading pair. However, after calling other market data functions like GetTicker(), subsequent calls to GetMarkets() will return data for all requested symbols.

```javascript
/*backtest
start: 2023-05-10 00:00:00
end: 2023-05-20 00:00:00
period: 1m
basePeriod: 1m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

function main() {
    var arrSymbol = ["SOL_USDT.swap", "BTC_USDT.quarter", "ETH_USDT.swap", "ETH_USDT.quarter"]

    var tbl1 = {
        type: "table",
        title: "markets1",
        cols: ["key", "Symbol", "BaseAsset", "QuoteAsset", "TickSize", "AmountSize", "PricePrecision", "AmountPrecision", "MinQty", "MaxQty", "MinNotional", "MaxNotional", "CtVal"],
        rows: []
    }

    var markets1 = exchange.GetMarkets()
    for (var key in markets1) {
        var market = markets1[key]
        tbl1.rows.push([key, market.Symbol, market.BaseAsset, market.QuoteAsset, market.TickSize, market.AmountSize, market.PricePrecision, market.AmountPrecision, market.MinQty, market.MaxQty, market.MinNotional, market.MaxNotional, market.CtVal])
    }

    for (var symbol of arrSymbol) {
        exchange.GetTicker(symbol)
    }

    var tbl2 = {
        type: "table",
        title: "markets2",
        cols: ["key", "Symbol", "BaseAsset", "QuoteAsset", "TickSize", "AmountSize", "PricePrecision", "AmountPrecision", "MinQty", "MaxQty", "MinNotional", "MaxNotional", "CtVal"],
        rows: []
    }

    var markets2 = exchange.GetMarkets()
    for (var key in markets2) {
        var market = markets2[key]
        tbl2.rows.push([key, market.Symbol, market.BaseAsset, market.QuoteAsset, market.TickSize, market.AmountSize, market.PricePrecision, market.AmountPrecision, market.MinQty, market.MaxQty, market.MinNotional, market.MaxNotional, market.CtVal])
    }

    LogStatus("`" + JSON.stringify([tbl1, tbl2]) + "`")
}
```

```python
'''backtest
start: 2023-05-10 00:00:00
end: 2023-05-20 00:00:00
period: 1m
basePeriod: 1m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
'''

import json

def main():
    arrSymbol = ["SOL_USDT.swap", "BTC_USDT.quarter", "ETH_USDT.swap", "ETH_USDT.quarter"]

    tbl1 = {
        "type": "table",
        "title": "markets1",
        "cols": ["key", "Symbol", "BaseAsset", "QuoteAsset", "TickSize", "AmountSize", "PricePrecision", "AmountPrecision", "MinQty", "MaxQty", "MinNotional", "MaxNotional", "CtVal"],
        "rows": []
    }

    markets1 = exchange.GetMarkets()
    for key in markets1:
        market = markets1[key]
        tbl1["rows"].append([key, market["Symbol"], market["BaseAsset"], market["QuoteAsset"], market["TickSize"], market["AmountSize"], market["PricePrecision"], market["AmountPrecision"], market["MinQty"], market["MaxQty"], market["MinNotional"], market["MaxNotional"], market["CtVal"]])

    for symbol in arrSymbol:
        exchange.GetTicker(symbol)

    tbl2 = {
        "type": "table",
        "title": "markets2",
        "cols": ["key", "Symbol", "BaseAsset", "QuoteAsset", "TickSize", "AmountSize", "PricePrecision", "AmountPrecision", "MinQty", "MaxQty", "MinNotional", "MaxNotional", "CtVal"],
        "rows": []
    }

    markets2 = exchange.GetMarkets()
    for key in markets2:
        market = markets2[key]
        tbl2["rows"].append([key, market["Symbol"], market["BaseAsset"], market["QuoteAsset"], market["TickSize"], market["AmountSize"], market["PricePrecision"], market["AmountPrecision"], market["MinQty"], market["MaxQty"], market["MinNotional"], market["MaxNotional"], market["CtVal"]])

    LogStatus("`" + json.dumps([tbl1, tbl2]) + "`")
```

```c++
/*backtest
start: 2023-05-10 00:00:00
end: 2023-05-20 00:00:00
period: 1m
basePeriod: 1m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

void main() {
    auto arrSymbol = {"SOL_USDT.swap", "BTC_USDT.quarter", "ETH_USDT.swap", "ETH_USDT.quarter"};

    json tbl1 = R"({
        "type": "table",
        "title": "markets1",

```