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### Example: Executable Program with GET Statements

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenldb_program

Shows the structure of an executable program that uses GET statements to retrieve data from the logical database nodes defined in the database program.

```ABAP
GET lfa1.
  WRITE lfa1-lifnr.
GET lfb1.
  WRITE lfb1-bukrs.
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP Output Initialization

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenconversion_references

Initializes an output object using `cl_demo_output=>new( )`. This is a common setup for displaying results in ABAP examples.

```ABAP
DATA(o) = cl_demo_output=>new( ).
```

--------------------------------

### Dynamic Object Creation with ANY_CLASS and SOME_CLASS

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapcreate_object_para_tables

Illustrates dynamic object creation where the class name is dynamic and the instance constructor expects a reference variable. This example shows the setup for creating an object of SOME_CLASS with a parameter of type ANY_CLASS.

```ABAP
CONSTANTS:
  anycls  TYPE string VALUE `ANY_CLASS`,
  somecls TYPE string VALUE `SOME_CLASS`,
  param  TYPE string VALUE `PARA`.

DATA dref TYPE REF TO data.
TRY. 
    CREATE DATA dref TYPE REF TO (anycls).
    ASSIGN dref->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs>).
    CREATE OBJECT <fs> TYPE (anycls).
  CATCH cx_sy_create_data_error 
        cx_sy_create_object_error.
    ...
ENDTRY.

IF <fs> IS ASSIGNED.
  DATA(ptab) = VALUE abap_parmbind_tab(
    ( name = param 
      kind  = cl_abap_objectdescr=>exporting 
      value =  REF #( <fs> ) ) ).
ENDIF.

DATA oref TYPE REF TO object.
TRY.
    CREATE OBJECT oref TYPE (somecls) PARAMETER-TABLE ptab.
  CATCH cx_sy_create_object_error 
        cx_sy_dyn_call_parameter_error INTO DATA(exc).
    ...
ENDTRY.
```

--------------------------------

### EndUserText.quickInfo Annotation Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abencds_f1_parameter_annotations

Example of using the EndUserText.quickInfo annotation to provide a translatable tooltip for a CDS parameter.

```ABAP CDS
EndUserText.quickInfo | Translatable tooltip of the parameter | String | - | -
```

--------------------------------

### Main Class: Start Method with Input Selection

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenabap_objects_abexa

The start method initializes the application by presenting a selection of features (Objects, Inheritance, Interfaces, Events) to the user via checkboxes. It then calls the appropriate method based on user selection.

```ABAP
START-OF-SELECTION.
  main=>start( ).
```

```ABAP
CLASS main IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD class_constructor.
    out = cl_demo_output=>new( ).
  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD start.
    DATA: button1 TYPE abap_bool VALUE abap_true,
          button2 TYPE abap_bool,
          button3 TYPE abap_bool,
          button4 TYPE abap_bool.
    cl_demo_input=>new(
      )->add_field( EXPORTING text = `Objects and Object References`
                      as_checkbox = abap_true
            CHANGING  field = button1
    )->add_field( EXPORTING text = `Inheritance`
                    as_checkbox = abap_true
          CHANGING  field = button2
    )->add_field( EXPORTING text = `Interfaces`
                    as_checkbox = abap_true
          CHANGING  field = button3
    )->add_field( EXPORTING text = `Events`
                    as_checkbox = abap_true
          CHANGING  field = button4
    )->request( ).
    IF strlen( button1 && button2 && button3 && button4 ) > 1.
      EXIT.
    ELSEIF button1 = abap_true.
      objects( ).
    ELSEIF button2 = abap_true.
      inheritance( ).
    ELSEIF button3 = abap_true.
      interfaces( ).
    ELSEIF button4 = abap_true.
      events( ).
    ENDIF.
    out->display( ).
  ENDMETHOD.
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP STOP in GET Event Block Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapstop

This example demonstrates using the STOP statement within a GET event block to limit the number of postings processed and branch to END-OF-SELECTION.

```abap
NODES: sflight,
       sbook.

DATA: bookings TYPE i,
      max TYPE i VALUE 100.

GET sflight.
  cl_demo_output=>next_section( |{ sflight-carrid } | &&
                                 |{ sflight-connid } | &&
                                 |{ sflight-fldate }| ).

GET sbook.
  bookings += 1.
  cl_demo_output=>write( |{ sbook-bookid } | &&
                         |{ sbook-customid }| ).
  IF bookings = max.
    STOP.
  ENDIF.

END-OF-SELECTION.
  cl_demo_output=>line( ).
  cl_demo_output=>display( |First { bookings } bookings| ).

```

--------------------------------

### ABAP Executable Program Example for NODES and GET

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapput

Example of an executable program's association with a logical database, defining a node type and handling the GET event. This sets the type for the field symbol used in the database program's PUT statement.

```abap
NODES root_node TYPE s_carr_id.
            "TYPE s_conn_id.
   
GET root_node.
  ...
```

--------------------------------

### AMDP vs. Open SQL Performance Comparison Setup

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenamdp_vs_open_sql_abexa

Initializes the demo output, checks for AMDP support, retrieves sample data, and sets up the comparison logic. This code is used to prepare the environment for performance testing.

```ABAP
DATA(out) = cl_demo_output=>new( ).

IF NOT cl_abap_dbfeatures=>use_features(
        EXPORTING
          requested_features = 
            VALUE #( ( cl_abap_dbfeatures=>call_amdp_method ) ) ).
  cl_demo_output=>display(
    `Current database system does not support AMDP procedures` ).
  RETURN.
ENDIF.

DATA time_stamps TYPE TABLE OF timestampl.
SELECT changed_at
       FROM snwd_so_inv_head UP TO 100 ROWS
       INTO TABLE time_stamps.                                       "#EC CI_NOWHERE
IF time_stamps IS INITIAL.
  out->display( 'You must create database entries' &
                'with program RS_EPM_DGC_HANA first ...' ).
  RETURN.
ENDIF.
DATA(rnd) =   cl_abap_random_int=>create(
                  seed = CONV i( sy-uzeit )
                  min  = 1
                  max  = lines( time_stamps ) )->get_next( ).
CONVERT TIME STAMP time_stamps[ rnd ] TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                INTO DATE DATA(payment_date).
cl_demo_input=>request( CHANGING field = payment_date ).

DATA(oref) = NEW cl_demo_amdp_vs_open_sql( ).

TRY.
    GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t01).
    oref->amdp(
      EXPORTING iv_payment_date     = payment_date
                iv_clnt           = sy-mandt
      IMPORTING et_invoice_header = DATA(invoice_header)
                et_invoice_item   = DATA(invoice_item)
                et_customer_info  = DATA(customer_info) ) .
    GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t02).
  CATCH cx_amdp_error INTO DATA(amdp_error).
    out->display( amdp_error->get_text( ) ).
    RETURN.
ENDTRY.

GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t11).
oref->open_sql_nested_select(
  EXPORTING iv_payment_date     = payment_date
  IMPORTING et_invoice_header = DATA(invoice_header1)
            et_invoice_item   = DATA(invoice_item1)
            et_customer_info  = DATA(customer_info1) ) .
GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t12).

GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t21).
oref->open_sql_for_all_entries(
  EXPORTING iv_payment_date     = payment_date
  IMPORTING et_invoice_header = DATA(invoice_header2)
            et_invoice_item   = DATA(invoice_item2)
            et_customer_info  = DATA(customer_info2) ) .
GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t22).

GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t31).
oref->open_sql_subquery(
  EXPORTING iv_payment_date     = payment_date
  IMPORTING et_invoice_header = DATA(invoice_header3)
            et_invoice_item   = DATA(invoice_item3)
            et_customer_info  = DATA(customer_info3) ) .
GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t32).

IF lines( invoice_header ) IS INITIAL.
  out->display( 'Nothing found' ).
  RETURN.
ENDIF.

out->begin_section( `Lines of tables filled`
  )->write( |INVOICE_HEADER: {
              lines( invoice_header ) }

| &&
            |INVOICE_ITEM:  {
              lines( invoice_item ) }

|   && 
            |CUSTOMER_INFO: {
              lines( customer_info ) }| ).

out->next_section( `Runtime AMDP `
  )->write( |{ CONV decfloat34(
              ( t02 - t01 ) / 1000000 ) } seconds| ).

IF invoice_header  = invoice_header1 AND
   invoice_item      = invoice_item1  AND
   customer_info   = customer_info1.
  out->next_section( `Runtime Open SQL with Nested SELECT`
    )->write( |{ CONV decfloat34(
                ( t12 - t11 ) / 1000000 ) } seconds| ).
ELSE.
  out->write( 'Different results in Open SQL with Nested SELECT' ).
ENDIF.

IF invoice_header  = invoice_header2 AND
   invoice_item      = invoice_item2  AND
   customer_info   = customer_info2.
  out->next_section( `Runtime Open SQL with FOR ALL ENTRIES`
    )->write( |{ CONV decfloat34(
                ( t22 - t21 ) / 1000000 ) } seconds| ).
ELSE.
  out->write(
    'Different results in Open SQL with FOR ALL ENTRIES' ).
ENDIF.

IF invoice_header  = invoice_header3 AND
   invoice_item      = invoice_item3  AND
   customer_info   = customer_info3.
  out->next_section( `Runtime Open SQL with Subquery`
    )->write( |{ CONV decfloat34(
                ( t32 - t31 ) / 1000000 ) } seconds| ).
ELSE.
  out->write( 'Different results in Open SQL with Subquery' ).
ENDIF.


out->display( ).
```

--------------------------------

### Describe List - Example in AT LINE-SELECTION

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapdescribe_list

An example demonstrating how to use DESCRIBE LIST within an AT LINE-SELECTION event to get properties of the last page of a list.

```ABAP
DATA: last_page  TYPE i,
      lines      TYPE i,
      first_line TYPE i,
      top_lines  TYPE i.

...

AT LINE-SELECTION.
  DESCRIBE LIST: NUMBER OF PAGES last_page,
                PAGE last_page LINES lines
                               FIRST-LINE first_line
                               TOP-LINES  top_lines.
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Using DEMAND with Context

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapdemand

This example demonstrates how to create a context instance, supply key fields, and then use the DEMAND statement to retrieve derived values. It then displays the retrieved information.

```ABAP
CONTEXTS demo_travel.

PARAMETERS: p_carrid TYPE context_t_demo_travel-carrid, 
            p_connid TYPE context_t_demo_travel-connid.

DATA: context_ref TYPE context_demo_travel, 
      fields TYPE context_t_demo_travel.

SUPPLY carrid = p_carrid 
      connid = p_connid 
      TO CONTEXT context_ref.

DEMAND cityfrom = fields-cityfrom 
      cityto    = fields-cityto 
      fltime    = fields-fltime 
      FROM CONTEXT context_ref.

cl_demo_output=>display_text( |{ fields-cityfrom } { 
                                fields-cityto   } { 
                                fields-fltime   }| ).
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP LEAVE TO LIST-PROCESSING Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapleave_list-processing

This example demonstrates displaying lists during dynpro sequences. It uses LEAVE TO LIST-PROCESSING to start list processing and LEAVE LIST-PROCESSING to exit it.

```abap
PROGRAM demo NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING.

...

MODULE call_list OUTPUT.
  SET PF-STATUS space.
  WRITE 'Basic List'.
  LEAVE TO LIST-PROCESSING AND RETURN TO SCREEN 0.
  LEAVE SCREEN.
ENDMODULE.

TOP-OF-PAGE.
  WRITE 'Header' COLOR COL_HEADING.
  ULINE.

TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.
  WRITE sy-lsind COLOR COL_HEADING.
  ULINE.

AT LINE-SELECTION.
  WRITE 'Secondary List'.
  IF sy-lsind = 20.
    LEAVE LIST-PROCESSING.
  ENDIF.
```

--------------------------------

### Program Execution and Event Handling Setup

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenevents_abexa

Sets up the main program flow, instantiates the 'list' class, and registers event handlers for 'fcode_handler' and 'list_change'. It also triggers the 'user_action' method for user commands.

```abap
START-OF-SELECTION.
  DATA(list) = NEW list( ).
  SET HANDLER:
    list->fcode_handler,
    list->list_change FOR ALL INSTANCES.

AT USER-COMMAND.
  status=>user_action( ).
```

--------------------------------

### Initializing Internal Tables with BASE and LINES OF

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abennew_constructor_params_itab

Demonstrates initializing internal tables using the BASE addition with a reference to an existing table's content, and alternatively using LINES OF. This example shows filling tables with initial rows and then appending new rows.

```ABAP
TYPES t_itab TYPE TABLE OF i WITH EMPTY KEY. 

DATA(dref1) = NEW t_itab( ( 1 ) ( ) ( 3 ) ). 

DATA(dref2) = NEW t_itab( BASE dref1->* 
                           ( ) ( 5 ) ( ) ). 

DATA(dref3) = NEW t_itab( ( LINES OF dref1->* ) 
                           ( ) ( 5 ) ( ) ). 

cl_demo_output=>write( dref1->* ). 
cl_demo_output=>write( dref2->* ). 
cl_demo_output=>display( dref3->* ).
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Exporting and Importing Directory

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapimport_directory

This example demonstrates saving multiple data objects into a data cluster and then using IMPORT DIRECTORY to retrieve its contents. The output shows the metadata of the saved objects.

```abap
DATA: f1 TYPE decfloat16, 
      f2 TYPE TABLE OF i, 
      f3 TYPE spfli. 

DATA itab TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF cdir. 

f2 = VALUE #( FOR j = 1 UNTIL j > 10 ( j ) ). 

EXPORT par1 = f1 
       par2 = f2 
       par3 = f3 TO DATABASE demo_indx_blob(hk) ID 'HK'. 

IMPORT DIRECTORY INTO itab FROM DATABASE demo_indx_blob(hk) ID 'HK'. 

cl_demo_output=>display( itab ).
```

--------------------------------

### HIERARCHY_DESCENDANTS Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenselect_hierarchy_node_navis

Selects all descendant nodes and the starting nodes from a specified hierarchy. Includes HIERARCHY_DISTANCE to show the level difference from the starting node. Requires a source hierarchy definition.

```abap
DATA(id) = 1.

SELECT FROM HIERARCHY_DESCENDANTS( 
            SOURCE HIERARCHY( 
                   SOURCE demo_cds_simple_tree_source 
                   CHILD TO PARENT ASSOCIATION _tree 
                   START WHERE id = 1 
                   SIBLINGS ORDER BY id ASCENDING ) 
            START WHERE id = @id )
     FIELDS id, 
            parent_id,
            hierarchy_rank,
            hierarchy_level,
            hierarchy_tree_size,
            hierarchy_distance 
     INTO TABLE @DATA(descendants).
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP SET USER-COMMAND Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapset_user-command

Demonstrates creating a basic list and detail lists, including triggering events with SET USER-COMMAND and SET CURSOR. This example shows how to simulate user actions like 'PICK' and '%SC'.

```ABAP
START-OF-SELECTION. 
  SET USER-COMMAND 'MYCOMM'. 
  WRITE 'Basic List'.
```

```ABAP
AT USER-COMMAND. 
  CASE sy-ucomm. 
    WHEN 'MYCOMM'. 
      WRITE 'Details List from USER-COMMAND,'. 
      WRITE: 'SY-LSIND', sy-lsind. 
      SET CURSOR LINE 1. 
      SET USER-COMMAND 'PICK'. 
  ENDCASE.
```

```ABAP
AT LINE-SELECTION. 
  WRITE 'Details List from LINE-SELECTION,'. 
  WRITE: 'SY-LSIND', sy-lsind. 
  SET USER-COMMAND '%SC'.
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP REJECT Statement Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapreject

This example demonstrates how to use the REJECT statement to exit the GET sbook event block and branch to the GET sflight event. It requires association with the logical database F1S. The REJECT statement with 'SFLIGHT' as the argument causes the logical database to read the next data record of the sflight node.

```ABAP
NODES: sflight,
      sbook.

GET sflight.
  cl_demo_output=>next_section(
    |Carrid: { sflight-carrid } | &&
    |Connid: { sflight-connid } | &&
    |Fldate: { sflight-fldate }| ).

GET sbook.
  cl_demo_output=>write_text(
      |Bookid: { sbook-bookid }| ).
  REJECT 'SFLIGHT'.

END-OF-SELECTION.
  cl_demo_output=>display( ).

```

--------------------------------

### Check if File is Open with GET DATASET

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapget_dataset

Use GET DATASET within a TRY-CATCH block to determine if a file is open. This example demonstrates handling the CX_SY_FILE_OPEN_MODE exception if the file is not open.

```ABAP
DATA(dset) = 'test.dat'.
TRY.
    GET DATASET dset.
  CATCH cx_sy_file_open_mode.
    ...
ENDTRY.
```

--------------------------------

### Dynamic Method Call Example: GUI_DOWNLOAD

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapcall_method_dynamic

Demonstrates dynamically calling the GUI_DOWNLOAD static method of CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES to save an internal table to a file. It shows how to populate parameter and exception tables and handle potential call errors.

```ABAP
DATA: line     TYPE c LENGTH 80, 
      text_tab LIKE STANDARD TABLE OF line, 
      filename TYPE string, 
      filetype TYPE c LENGTH 10, 
      fleng    TYPE i. 

DATA: meth  TYPE string, 
      class TYPE string, 
      ptab TYPE abap_parmbind_tab, 
      etab TYPE abap_excpbind_tab. 

DATA: exc_ref TYPE REF TO cx_sy_dyn_call_error. 

class    = 'CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES'. 
meth     = 'GUI_DOWNLOAD'. 
filename = 'c:\temp\text.txt'. 
filetype = 'ASC'. 

ptab = VALUE #( ( name  = 'FILENAME' 
                  kind  = cl_abap_objectdescr=>exporting 
                  value = REF #( filename ) ) 
                ( name  = 'FILETYPE' 
                  kind  = cl_abap_objectdescr=>exporting 
                  value = REF #( filetype ) ) 
                ( name  = 'DATA_TAB' 
                  kind  = cl_abap_objectdescr=>changing 
                  value = REF #( text_tab ) ) 
                ( name  = 'FILELENGTH' 
                  kind  = cl_abap_objectdescr=>importing 
                  value = REF #( fleng ) ) ). 

etab = VALUE #( ( name = 'OTHERS' value = 4 ) ). 

TRY. 
    CALL METHOD (class)=>(meth) 
      PARAMETER-TABLE 
        ptab 
      EXCEPTION-TABLE 
        etab. 
    CASE sy-subrc. 
      WHEN 1. 
        ... 
      ... 
    ENDCASE. 
  CATCH cx_sy_dyn_call_error INTO exc_ref. 
    MESSAGE exc_ref->get_text( ) TYPE 'I'. 
ENDTRY. 
```

--------------------------------

### Recommended START-OF-SELECTION Usage with Methods

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapstart-of-selection

Demonstrates the recommended use of START-OF-SELECTION in an executable program by calling a dedicated method.

```ABAP
REPORT .

CLASS cls DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS main.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS cls IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD main.
    ...
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

START-OF-SELECTION.
  cls=>main().
```

--------------------------------

### HIERARCHY_ANCESTORS Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenselect_hierarchy_node_navis

Selects all ancestor nodes and the starting nodes from a specified hierarchy. Includes HIERARCHY_DISTANCE to show the negative difference in levels from the starting node. Uses a CDS hierarchy as the source.

```abap
DATA(id) = 1.

SELECT FROM HIERARCHY_ANCESTORS( 
                   SOURCE demo_cds_simple_tree( p_id = 1 ) 
                   START WHERE id = @id )
     FIELDS id, 
            parent_id,
            hierarchy_rank,
            hierarchy_level,
            hierarchy_tree_size,
            hierarchy_distance 
     INTO TABLE @DATA(ancestors).
```

--------------------------------

### Static Logpoint Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abaplog-point

Demonstrates a static logpoint with all possible additions: ID for activation control, SUBKEY for a unique identifier, and FIELDS to log specific system variables.

```ABAP
LOG-POINT ID demo_checkpoint_group 
         SUBKEY sy-uname 
         FIELDS sy-batch sy-cprog. 
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP Dynpro Get Cursor Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abendynpro_get_cursor_abexa

This program demonstrates how to use the GET CURSOR statement to retrieve cursor information on a dynpro. It captures the field name, offset, value, and length of the element where the cursor is positioned.

```ABAP
PROGRAM demo_dynpro_get_cursor .

DATA: ok_code TYPE sy-ucomm,
      save_ok LIKE ok_code.

DATA: input_output(20) TYPE c,
      fld(20) TYPE c,
      off     TYPE i,
      val(20) TYPE c,
      len     TYPE i.

CALL SCREEN 100.

MODULE init_screen_0100 OUTPUT.
  SET PF-STATUS 'STATUS_100'.
ENDMODULE.

MODULE user_command_0100 INPUT.
  save_ok = ok_code.
  CLEAR ok_code.
  CASE save_ok.
    WHEN 'CANCEL'.
      LEAVE PROGRAM.
    WHEN 'SELE'.
      GET CURSOR FIELD fld OFFSET off VALUE val LENGTH len.
  ENDCASE.
ENDMODULE.

```

--------------------------------

### ABAP OLE Automation Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapcall_method_ole2

This example demonstrates how to control Microsoft Excel and Word applications using ABAP OLE automation. It includes starting and stopping both applications, opening an Excel file, and managing object instances.

```ABAP
TABLES sscrfields.

DATA: excel TYPE ole2_object, 
      word  TYPE ole2_object, 
      book  TYPE ole2_object,
      rc    TYPE c LENGTH 8. 

SELECTION-SCREEN: 
  BEGIN OF SCREEN 100 AS WINDOW TITLE title, 
    BEGIN OF LINE, 
      PUSHBUTTON    2(12) button_1 
                    USER-COMMAND word_start,
      PUSHBUTTON   20(12) button_2 
                    USER-COMMAND excel_start,
    END OF LINE,
    BEGIN OF LINE, 
      PUSHBUTTON    2(12) button_3 
                    USER-COMMAND word_stop,
      PUSHBUTTON   20(12) button_4 
                    USER-COMMAND excel_stop,
    END OF LINE,
  END OF SCREEN 100. 

START-OF-SELECTION.
  button_1 = 'Start Word'.
  button_2 = 'Start Excel'.
  button_3 = 'Stop  Word'.
  button_4 = 'Stop  Excel'.
  CALL SELECTION-SCREEN 100 STARTING AT 10 10.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN.
  CASE sscrfields-ucomm.
    WHEN 'WORD_START'.
      CHECK word-handle <> -1.
      CHECK word-header = space.
      CREATE OBJECT    word  'Word.Basic'.
      CALL METHOD    OF word  'AppShow'.
    WHEN 'EXCEL_START'.
      CHECK excel-handle = 0.
      CHECK excel-header = space.
      CREATE OBJECT    excel 'Excel.Application'.
      SET PROPERTY OF excel 'Visible' = 1.
      GET PROPERTY OF excel 'Workbooks' = book.
      CALL METHOD    OF book  'Open' = rc 
        EXPORTING #1 = 'C:\temp\Table.xls'.
    WHEN 'WORD_STOP'.
      CALL METHOD OF word 'AppClose'.
      FREE OBJECT word.
      CLEAR: word-handle, word-header.
    WHEN 'EXCEL_STOP'.
      CALL METHOD OF  excel 'Quit'.
      FREE OBJECT excel.
      CLEAR: excel-handle, excel-header.
    WHEN OTHERS.
      LEAVE PROGRAM.
  ENDCASE.
```

--------------------------------

### Example: SELECT-OPTIONS and PUT Subroutines

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenldb_program

Demonstrates how SELECT-OPTIONS defined in a selection include are used within PUT subroutines to retrieve and process data from logical database nodes.

```ABAP
SELECT-OPTIONS: slifnr FOR lfa1-lifnr,
                sbukrs FOR lfb1-bukrs.
```

```ABAP
FORM put_lfa1.
SELECT * FROM lfa1
WHERE lifnr IN slifnr.
PUT lfa1.
ENDSELECT.
ENDFORM.
```

```ABAP
FORM put_lfb1.
SELECT * FROM lfb1
WHERE lifnr = lfa1-lifnr.
AND bukrs IN sbukrs.
PUT lfb1.
ENDSELECT.
ENDFORM.
```

--------------------------------

### GET DATASET Syntax and Usage

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapget_dataset

This snippet details the syntax of the GET DATASET statement and its primary use cases for retrieving file pointer position and attributes. It also includes an example demonstrating exception handling for unopened files.

```APIDOC
## GET DATASET

### Description
Retrieves the current position of the file pointer in a file and/or additional file attributes. The file must be open before using this statement.

### Syntax
```abap
GET DATASET dset [_] [POSITION pos] [_] [ATTRIBUTES attr].
```

### Parameters
#### Path Parameters
- **dset** (character-like data object) - Required - Contains the physical name of the file.

#### Additions
- **POSITION pos**
  - Assigns the current position of the file pointer (in bytes, starting from 0) to the data object `pos`.
  - `pos` can be a variable of type `i` or an inline declaration `DATA(var)`.
  - Cannot be used with files opened using the `FILTER` addition of `OPEN DATASET`.
- **ATTRIBUTES attr**
  - Passes the attributes used to open the file to the data object `attr`.
  - `attr` can be a variable of type `dset_attributes` (from type group DSET) or an inline declaration `DATA(var)`.
  - The `dset_attributes` structure contains components like `mode`, `access_type`, `encoding`, `filter`, and `linefeed` which indicate how the file was opened.

### Return Value
- **sy-subrc**: Set to 0 on success.
- **Exceptions**: Raises `CX_SY_FILE_OPEN_MODE` if the file is not open.

### Example
```abap
DATA(dset) = 'test.dat'.
TRY.
    GET DATASET dset.
CATCH cx_sy_file_open_mode.
    " Handle file not open exception
ENDTRY.
```

### Example with POSITION
```abap
DATA: file TYPE string VALUE 'test.dat',
      text TYPE string.

OPEN DATASET file FOR OUTPUT IN TEXT MODE ENCODING DEFAULT WITH SMART LINEFEED.
TRANSFER '1234567890' TO file.
GET DATASET file POSITION DATA(pos).
TRANSFER 'ABCDEFGHIJ' TO file.
CLOSE DATASET file.

OPEN DATASET file FOR INPUT IN TEXT MODE ENCODING DEFAULT WITH SMART LINEFEED AT POSITION pos.
READ DATASET file INTO text.
CLOSE DATASET file.
```

### Example with ATTRIBUTES
```abap
DATA: file TYPE string VALUE 'test.dat'.

OPEN DATASET file FOR OUTPUT IN BINARY MODE.
GET DATASET file ATTRIBUTES DATA(attr).
" attr now contains information about how the file was opened (e.g., mode='B')
CLOSE DATASET file.
```
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Switch Program to Unicode and Update Syntax

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapinsert_report

Demonstrates switching a program to Unicode by translating 'DESCRIBE FIELD' to uppercase and updating syntax. It imports a non-Unicode program, modifies its source code, and sets the ABAP language version to Standard ABAP (Unicode).

```ABAP
DATA: itab TYPE TABLE OF string,
  prog TYPE sy-repid,
  uc TYPE trdir-uccheck.

FIELD-SYMBOLS <line> TYPE string.

prog = ...
SELECT SINGLE uccheck
FROM trdir
WHERE name = @prog AND
uccheck = ' '
INTO (@uc).

IF sy-subrc = 0.
READ REPORT prog INTO itab.
LOOP AT itab ASSIGNING <line>.
TRANSLATE <line> TO UPPER CASE.
IF <line> CS 'DESCRIBE FIELD' AND
<line> CS 'LENGTH' AND
<line> NS 'MODE'.
REPLACE '.' IN <line> WITH ' IN CHARACTER MODE.'.
ENDIF.
...
ENDLOOP.
SYNTAX-CHECK FOR itab ...
IF sy-subrc = 0.
INSERT REPORT prog FROM itab VERSION 'X'.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
```

--------------------------------

### ALV List Output (Good Example)

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenlist_guidl

This example shows how to generate ALV lists, which are the recommended replacement for classic lists in applications still using classic dynpros. ALV lists offer the same content and functions as classic lists but with modern advantages.

```ABAP
REPORT DEMO_ALV_REPORTING.
```

--------------------------------

### Line Comment Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenbdl_general_syntax_rules

Line comments in ABAP BDL start with two forward slashes (//) and extend to the end of the line.

```ABAP
internal create; //standard operation create
```

--------------------------------

### ASSERT Example: Check for SAP GUI Availability

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapassert

This example demonstrates using ASSERT to ensure a SAP GUI is available before calling a screen. If the condition is false, the program terminates with a runtime error.

```abap
DATA gui_flag TYPE abap_bool. 
CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_IS_AVAILABLE' 
  IMPORTING 
    return = gui_flag.

ASSERT gui_flag = abap_true.

CALL SCREEN 100.
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP substring_before function example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abensubstring_functions

Returns the part of the string that comes before the first occurrence of a specified substring or regex match. If 'len' is not specified, it returns from the start of the string.

```ABAP
DATA	result TYPE string.
...
result = substring_before( val = 'ABCDEFGH' sub = 'CD' ).
```

--------------------------------

### Basic WRITE Output Examples

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapwrite-

Demonstrates various ways to use the WRITE statement for outputting data, including variables, formatted strings, function calls, arithmetic expressions, and string concatenation. It also shows method call output.

```ABAP
DATA text TYPE string VALUE 'Hello classical list'. 
WRITE / text.
WRITE / |{ text WIDTH = 40 ALIGN = RIGHT }|.
WRITE / to_upper( text ).
WRITE / |{ 6 * 7 }|.
WRITE / `4` && `2`.
WRITE / cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( codepage = `UTF-8` 
            )->convert( text ).
```

--------------------------------

### Hierarchy Generator with DEPTH Limit

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenselect_hierarchy_generator

Limits the number of hierarchy levels generated to a specified depth, starting from the root nodes. This example limits the traversal to a depth of 1.

```ABAP
SELECT FROM HIERARCHY( SOURCE demo_cds_simple_tree_source 
                      CHILD TO PARENT ASSOCIATION _tree 
                       START WHERE id = 1 
                       DEPTH 1 )
       FIELDS name, 
              hierarchy_level 
       INTO TABLE @DATA(result_1).
```

--------------------------------

### Complete Example Selection Include

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenldb_selections_example

This is a complete example of an automatically generated selection include, demonstrating the use of SELECT-OPTIONS, PARAMETERS, DYNAMIC SELECTIONS, and FIELD SELECTION for various nodes.

```ABAP
* Selection criteria:
SELECT-OPTIONS slifnr FOR lfa1-lifnr.
SELECT-OPTIONS sbukrs FOR lfb1-bukrs.
SELECT-OPTIONS sgjahr FOR flc1-gjahr.
SELECT-OPTIONS sbelnr FOR bkpf-belnr.

* Self-defined parameters:
PARAMETERS pstida LIKE sy-datum FOR NODE bkpf.

* Dynamic selections for LFA1 and LFB1:

SELECTION-SCREEN DYNAMIC SELECTIONS FOR NODE: lfa1, lfb1.

* Field selection for LFB1 and LFC1:
SELECTION-SCREEN FIELD SELECTION FOR NODE: lfb1, lfc1.
```

--------------------------------

### Using the Rudimentary String Class

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenmodularization_guidl

Demonstrates how to create an instance of the `cl_string` class and call its methods to manipulate a string.

```ABAP
CLASS application IMPLEMENTATION.
...
METHOD do_something.
DATA string TYPE REF TO cl_string.
CREATE OBJECT string EXPORTING value = 'abcde'.
...
string->shift_left( ... ).
...
ENDMETHOD.
...
ENDCLASS.
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP substring_to function example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abensubstring_functions

Returns the part of the string before and including the first occurrence of a specified substring or regex match. If 'len' is not specified, it returns from the start of the string up to the match.

```ABAP
DATA	result TYPE string.
...
result = substring_to( val = 'ABCDEFGH' sub = 'CD' ).
```

--------------------------------

### Main Class: Interfaces Method

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenabap_objects_abexa

Demonstrates interface implementation by creating a table of 'status' interface references. It populates the table with instances of 'ship' and 'coast_guard' and then iterates through the table, calling the write method on each object.

```ABAP
METHOD interfaces.
  DATA status_tab TYPE TABLE OF REF TO status WITH EMPTY KEY.
  status_tab = VALUE #( ( NEW ship( name = 'Titanic' ) )
                        ( NEW coast_guard( ) ) ).
  LOOP AT status_tab ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<status>).
    <status>->write( ).
  ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.
```

--------------------------------

### Define a CDS View

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abencds_f1_define_view

Defines a CDS view with specified SQL view name and authorization check settings. This is a basic example of how to start defining a CDS view.

```ABAP CDS
@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'DEMO_CDS_PRJCTN'   
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED   
define view demo_cds_spfli   

```

--------------------------------

### ABAP WAIT UP TO Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapwait_up_to

Demonstrates how to use WAIT UP TO to pause program execution and measure the elapsed time.

```abap
GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t1).

WAIT UP TO 1 SECONDS.

GET RUN TIME FIELD DATA(t2).

cl_demo_output=>display( |{ t2 - t1  STYLE = scientific }| ).
```

--------------------------------

### AMDP Macro Syntax Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenamdp_macros

Illustrates the basic syntax for specifying an AMDP macro within an AMDP method implementation. Macros are enclosed in double quotes and start with $ABAP.

```ABAP
"$ABAP.macro( ... )"
```

--------------------------------

### Obsolete READ TABLE dbtab Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapread_table_dbtab

Demonstrates reading a row from database table T100 or a similar table starting with 'T' using the obsolete READ TABLE statement.

```ABAP
TABLES t100.

PARAMETERS p TYPE c LENGTH 4 DEFAULT '100T'.

t100-sprsl = 'E'.
t100-arbgb = 'BC'.

READ TABLE t100 SEARCH FKEQ VERSION p.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
...
```

--------------------------------

### Example: Using RTTS to Get Absolute Type Names

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abentype_names

This example demonstrates how to use RTTS (Run Time Type Services) to retrieve the absolute type names of data objects passed to a method. It highlights how the same type name can have different meanings depending on the context and how absolute type names resolve this ambiguity.

```ABAP
CLASS c1 DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
METHODS: m1,
m2,
m3 IMPORTING p TYPE any.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS c1 IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD m1.
DATA struc TYPE spfli.
m3( struc ).
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD m2.
TYPES spfli TYPE spfli.
DATA struc TYPE spfli.
m3( struc ).
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD m3.
DATA type_descr TYPE REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
type_descr = cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data( p ).
cl_demo_output=>write( type_descr->absolute_name ).
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

START-OF-SELECTION.
DATA(ref) = new c1( ).
ref->m1( ).
ref->m2( ).
cl_demo_output=>display( ).
```

--------------------------------

### Reverse a Character String using reverse()

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenreverse_functions

This example demonstrates how to use the reverse() function to get the Latin alphabet in reverse order. The input is sy-abcde, and the result is stored in the 'result' variable.

```ABAP
DATA(result) = reverse( sy-abcde ).
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP Dynpro with F4 Help Module Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abendynpro_f4_help_dial_abexa

This program demonstrates implementing F4 help for dynpro fields using dialog modules. It utilizes function modules to provide input helps for 'CARRIER' and 'CONNECTION' fields.

```ABAP
REPORT demo_dynpro_f4_help_module .

TYPES: BEGIN OF values,
         carrid TYPE spfli-carrid,
         connid TYPE spfli-connid,
       END OF values.

DATA: carrier(3) TYPE c,
      connection(4) TYPE c.

DATA: progname TYPE sy-repid,
      dynnum   TYPE sy-dynnr,
      dynpro_values TYPE TABLE OF dynpread,
      field_value LIKE LINE OF dynpro_values,
      values_tab TYPE TABLE OF values.

CALL SCREEN 100.

MODULE init OUTPUT.
  progname = sy-repid.
  dynnum   = sy-dynnr.
  CLEAR: field_value, dynpro_values.
  field_value-fieldname = 'CARRIER'.
  APPEND field_value TO dynpro_values.
ENDMODULE.

MODULE cancel INPUT.
  LEAVE PROGRAM.
ENDMODULE.

MODULE value_carrier INPUT.

  CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_FIELD_VALUE_REQUEST'
       EXPORTING
             tabname      = 'DEMOF4HELP'
             fieldname    = 'CARRIER1'
             dynpprog     = progname
             dynpnr       = dynnum
             dynprofield = 'CARRIER'.

ENDMODULE.

MODULE value_connection INPUT.

  CALL FUNCTION 'DYNP_VALUES_READ'
       EXPORTING
             dyname           = progname
             dynumb           = dynnum
             translate_to_upper = 'X'
       TABLES
             dynpfields       = dynpro_values.

  field_value = dynpro_values[ 1 ].

  SELECT  carrid, connid
    FROM  spfli
    WHERE carrid = @field_value-fieldvalue
    INTO  CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @values_tab.

  CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
       EXPORTING
             retfield     = 'CONNID'
             dynpprog     = progname
             dynpnr       = dynnum
             dynprofield = 'CONNECTION'
             value_org    = 'S'
       TABLES
             value_tab    = values_tab.

ENDMODULE.
```

--------------------------------

### ABAP CHECK for Procedure Exit Condition

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abapcheck_processing_blocks

Demonstrates using CHECK at the start of a procedure to verify a prerequisite. The procedure is exited if the condition is not met. This example checks if the program is not running in the background.

```ABAP
CLASS demo DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    CLASS-METHODS main.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS demo IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD main.
    CHECK sy-batch IS INITIAL.
    ...
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

START-OF-SELECTION.
  demo=>main().
```

--------------------------------

### Test Class with TEST-INJECTION Examples

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abaptest-injection

Demonstrates the use of TEST-INJECTION within a test class to control behavior during different stages of testing. Includes setup and multiple test method injections.

```ABAP
CLASS test_demo_test_seam DEFINITION FOR TESTING 
RISK LEVEL HARMLESS 
DURATION SHORT 
FINAL.
PRIVATE SECTION.
METHODS: setup, 
test_change_price FOR TESTING, 
invoke_and_assert IMPORTING exp TYPE i.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS test_demo_test_seam IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD setup.
TEST-INJECTION selection.
wa-price = 100.
END-TEST-INJECTION.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD test_change_price.
TEST-INJECTION modification.
END-TEST-INJECTION.
invoke_and_assert( 90 ).
TEST-INJECTION modification.
sy-subrc = 4.
END-TEST-INJECTION.
invoke_and_assert( -2 ).
TEST-INJECTION selection.
sy-subrc = 4.
END-TEST-INJECTION.
TEST-INJECTION modification.
END-TEST-INJECTION.
invoke_and_assert( -1 ).
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD invoke_and_assert.
NEW cl_demo_test_seams( )->change_price( 
EXPORTING 
carrid = ' '
connid = '0000'
fldate = '00000000'
factor = 90 
IMPORTING new_price = DATA(new_price) ).
cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals( 
EXPORTING 
exp = exp 
act = new_price ).
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize and Populate Table Output Parameter (Pass by Reference)

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenref_transf_output_param_guidl

Demonstrates how to correctly initialize an internal table passed by reference as an EXPORTING parameter before inserting new lines. This is crucial for performance reasons when the table cannot be declared as a RETURNING parameter.

```ABAP
CLASS class DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
CLASS-METHODS get_some_table
EXPORTING e_some_table TYPE table_type.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS class IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD get_some_table.
DATA new_line LIKE LINE OF e_some_table.
CLEAR e_some_table.
...
INSERT new_line INTO TABLE e_some_table.
...
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
```

--------------------------------

### Inverse Mesh Association Example

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenmesh_path_assoc

Shows the syntax for specifying an inverse mesh association using '\^_assoc~node'. This is used when the starting node is a target node and the follow-on node is the source node of the association.

```ABAP
... mesh-node2\^_node2~node1[ ... ] ...
```

--------------------------------

### Opening Text File for Output with UTF-8 and Byte Order Mark (Good Example)

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abencodepage_file_guidl

This example shows the recommended way to open a text file for writing by explicitly specifying the UTF-8 code page and including the byte order mark. This ensures clear identification as UTF-8 and proper handling of international characters.

```ABAP
OPEN DATASET dset \
  FOR OUTPUT IN TEXT MODE \
  ENCODING UTF-8 WITH BYTE-ORDER MARK.
```

--------------------------------

### Get Attribute Value by Name (Namespace)

Source: https://eduardocopat.github.io/abap-docs/7.54/abenabap_ixml_lib_dom_direct_read

Retrieves the string value of an attribute directly from an IXmL element using its name and namespace. Requires a downcast to IF_IXML_ELEMENT if starting with IF_IXML_NODE. The type of the result is string.

```ABAP
DATA(value) = element->get_attribute_ns( name = ... ).
```
Tokens:
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