### Build and Install Dunst from Source

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Clone the repository, compile, and install Dunst using make. Ensure all dependencies are installed first.

```bash
# clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/dunst-project/dunst.git
cd dunst

# compile and install
make
sudo make install
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst on Gentoo

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Use emerge to install Dunst on Gentoo systems.

```bash
emerge --ask --verbose x11-misc/dunst
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst on Void Linux

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Use xbps-install to install Dunst from the 'current' repository on Void Linux.

```bash
xbps-install dunst
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst on FreeBSD (pkg)

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Use pkg to install Dunst from the FreeBSD repository.

```bash
pkg install sysutils/dunst
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst on FreeBSD (ports)

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Manually install Dunst using the ports tree on FreeBSD.

```bash
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/dunst/
make install clean
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst on Fedora

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Use dnf to install Dunst on Fedora systems.

```bash
dnf install dunst
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst on Debian with checkinstall

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Use checkinstall to create a .deb package and install it on Debian-based systems, ensuring the correct prefix is set for systemctl service installation.

```bash
PREFIX=/usr checkinstall # Prefix is necessary to systemctl service installation
sudo dpkg -i dunst_*.deb # Install generated .deb
```

--------------------------------

### Import Environment Variables for X11 Setup

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

Use this command to make the DISPLAY environment variable available to systemd user services when using X11.

```bash
systemctl --user import-environment DISPLAY
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst on Arch Linux

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Use pacman to install Dunst from the Extra repository on Arch Linux.

```bash
pacman -S dunst
```

--------------------------------

### Import Environment Variables for Wayland Setup

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

Use this command to make the WAYLAND_DISPLAY environment variable available to systemd user services when using Wayland.

```bash
systemctl --user import-environment WAYLAND_DISPLAY
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst on Debian/Ubuntu

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Use apt to install Dunst on Debian and its derivatives like Ubuntu.

```bash
apt install dunst
```

--------------------------------

### Dunst Rule Order: Good Example (Urgency First)

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

This example shows the correct rule order for changing notification appearance based on urgency. Urgency is set first, followed by appearance modification.

```ini
# Good example
[change-urgency]
        appname = dunstify
        urgency = critical

[change-appearance]
        match_urgency = critical
        background = "#D62929"
        foreground = "#F9FAF9"

```

--------------------------------

### Install Optional dunstify Dependency on Debian/Ubuntu

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dependencies

Installs the development library for libnotify, which is an optional dependency for enabling the 'dunstify' functionality.

```bash
apt install libnotify-dev
```

--------------------------------

### Dunst Rule Order: Bad Example (Appearance First)

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

This example demonstrates an incorrect rule order where appearance is modified before urgency, preventing the intended visual change for critical notifications.

```ini
# Bad example
[change-appearance]
        match_urgency = critical
        background = "#D62929"
        foreground = "#F9FAF9"

[change-urgency]
        appname = dunstify
        urgency = critical

```

--------------------------------

### Dunst Configuration File Naming Convention

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunst

Example of how to name drop-in configuration files to control their importance. Files are read in lexical order, with higher numbers indicating greater importance.

```shell
00-least-important.conf
01-foo.conf
20-bar.conf
99-most-important.conf
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dunst Dependencies on Debian/Ubuntu

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dependencies

Installs the core development libraries required for compiling Dunst on Debian and Ubuntu systems. Ensure you have the necessary '-dev' packages.

```bash
apt install libdbus-1-dev libx11-dev libxinerama-dev libxrandr-dev libxss-dev libglib2.0-dev \
    libpango1.0-dev libgtk-3-dev libxdg-basedir-dev libgdk-pixbuf-2.0-dev librsvg-2.0
```

--------------------------------

### Build Dunst without dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/installation

Compile and install Dunst while disabling the 'dunstify' utility by setting the DUNSTIFY environment variable to 0.

```bash
# This builds without dunstify
DUNSTIFY=0 make all
DUNSTIFY=0 make install
```

--------------------------------

### Print notification ID for replacement with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Use the `-p` or `--print-id` flag to get the ID of a newly created notification. This ID can then be used with `-r` to replace the notification.

```bash
dunstify -p "Notification ID"
```

--------------------------------

### Switch Notification Daemon to Default

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

This script sets up the D-Bus service file to use the system's default notification daemon. It creates necessary directories and creates a symbolic link.

```bash
mkdir -p "${XDG_DATA_HOME:-$HOME/.local/share}/dbus-1/services"
ln -sfT \
    "/usr/share/dbus-1/services/${SERVICE:-org.freedesktop.Notifications}.service" \
    "${XDG_DATA_HOME:-$HOME/.local/share}/dbus-1/services/org.freedesktop.Notifications.service"

```

--------------------------------

### Print server capabilities with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Display the server capabilities by running `dunstify --capabilities`.

```bash
dunstify --capabilities
```

--------------------------------

### Set Multiple Colors with notify-send

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Combine 'string:bgcolor', 'string:fgcolor', and 'string:frcolor' hints to customize notification colors.

```bash
notify-send -h string:bgcolor:#4444ff -h string:fgcolor:#ff4444 -h string:frcolor:#44ff44 ":)"
```

--------------------------------

### Print server information with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Retrieve and display server information using `dunstify --serverinfo`.

```bash
dunstify --serverinfo
```

--------------------------------

### dunstctl Commands

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstctl

This section lists and describes the available commands for the dunstctl utility.

```APIDOC
## dunstctl Commands

### Description
Provides a comprehensive list of commands to interact with the Dunst notification daemon.

### Commands

- **action** notification_position
  Performs the default action or, if not available, opens the context menu of the notification at the given position (starting count at the top, first notification being 0).

- **close** [ID]
  Close the topmost notification currently being displayed. You can optionally pass an ID to close the matching notification (if present).

- **close-all**
  Close all notifications currently being displayed.

- **context**
  Open the context menu, presenting all available actions and urls for the currently open notifications.

- **count** [displayed/history/waiting]
  Returns the number of displayed, shown and waiting notifications. If no argument is provided, everything will be printed.

- **history**
  Exports the history as JSON.

- **history-clear**
  Deletes all notifications from the history.

- **history-pop** [ID]
  Redisplay the notification that was most recently closed. This can be called multiple times to show older notifications, up to the history limit configured in dunst. You can optionally pass an ID to history-pop, in which case the notification with the given ID will be shown.

- **history-rm** ID
  Removes the notification with the given ID from the history.

- **is-paused**
  Check if dunst is currently running or paused. If dunst is paused notifications will be kept but not shown until it is unpaused.

- **set-paused** true/false/toggle
  Set the paused status of dunst. If false, dunst is running normally, if true, dunst is paused (with maximum pause level of 100). See the is-paused command and the dunst man page for more information.

- **get-pause-level**
  Get current dunst's pause level, where 0 is not paused and 100 is maximally paused. This can be combined with notification's override_pause_level to selectively display specific notifications while paused.

- **set-pause-level** [level]
  Set the pause level, where 0 is not paused and 100 is maximally paused. This can be combined with notification's override_pause_level to selectively display specific notifications while paused.

- **rule** rule_name enable/disable/toggle
  Enables, disables or toggles the rule identified by its name. This can be used to temporarily activate or deactivate specific rules.

- **rules** [--json]
  Exports all currently configured rules (optionally JSON formatted).

- **reload** [dunstrc ...]
  Reload the settings of the running dunst instance. You can optionally specify which configuration files to use. Otherwise, the config specified by the first invocation of dunst will be reloaded. When dunst is reloaded all the rules are reapplied to the original notification, so modifications made by previous rules are not taken into account.

- **debug**
  Tries to contact dunst and checks for common faults between dunstctl and dunst. Useful if something isn't working.

- **help**
  Show all available commands with a brief description.
```

--------------------------------

### Send Notifications as Another User (Root)

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

Configure an alias to send notifications as a specific user (e.g., 'USERNAME') by exporting the `DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS` environment variable. Ensure the path to the bus is correct for your system.

```bash
alias notify-send="sudo -u USERNAME DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/<UID>/bus notify-send"
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Text and Icon Padding

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Sets the distance between text and icon. A non-zero value overwrites horizontal padding between text and icon.

```ini
text_icon_padding=10
horizontal_padding=10
```

```ini
text_icon_padding=0
horizontal_padding=10
```

--------------------------------

### List DBus Session Names

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

This command lists all names currently registered on the system DBus session. It's useful for checking if another notification daemon is already running.

```bash
gdbus call --session --dest org.freedesktop.DBus --object-path /org/freedesktop/Dbus --method org.freedesktop.DBus.ListNames

```

--------------------------------

### Set Stack Tag with notify-send

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Use the 'string:x-canonical-private-synchronous' hint as an alias for 'x-dunst-stack-tag' to manage notification stacking.

```bash
notify-send -h string:x-canonical-private-synchronous:volume "Muted"
```

--------------------------------

### Set Volume as Progress Value

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Dynamically set the progress bar value using a command-line volume control. Replace 'ponymix get-volume' with your system's volume command.

```bash
dunstify "Progress: " -h int:value:"`ponymix get-volume`"
```

--------------------------------

### Send Notifications with Custom Colors and Progress

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunst

Use the -h option with notify-send to specify foreground, background, and frame colors, or to set a progress value for notifications.

```bash
notify-send -h string:fgcolor:#ff4444
```

```bash
notify-send -h string:bgcolor:#4444ff -h string:fgcolor:#ff4444 -h string:frcolor:#44ff44
```

```bash
notify-send -h int:value:42 "Working ..."
```

--------------------------------

### Set Notification Width

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Configure the width of notification windows. Can be a constant value or a range (min, max).

```ini
width = 300      # constant width of 300
width = (0, 300) # width between 0 and 300
```

--------------------------------

### Set Notification Origin and Offset

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Define the screen origin and pixel offset for notification placement. Supports new tuple format and legacy NxN format.

```ini
origin = top-right
offset = (10, 300) # a margin of 10 pixels from the right and 300 pixels from the top
```

```ini
offset = 10x300
```

--------------------------------

### Automatically Activate Specific Action

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Use a rule to automatically activate a specific action (e.g., 'no') for all notifications. This bypasses the need for user interaction if the action is always the desired one.

```ini
[all_notifications]
    action_name = "no"
```

--------------------------------

### Send raw icon data with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Provide a path to an image file to be sent as raw icon data using the `-I` or `--raw-icon` flag.

```bash
dunstify -I /path/to/your/icon.png "Raw Icon Notification"
```

--------------------------------

### Customize Notification Body/Text Colors

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

Define a custom format for notification text using the `format` variable. Pango markup can be used for advanced styling, such as changing text color and size.

```ini
format = "<b><span foreground='orange' size='x-large'>%s</span></b>\n%b"
```

--------------------------------

### Enable Progress Bar Drawing

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Ensure the 'progress_bar' setting is set to 'true' in your dunst configuration to enable the drawing of progress bars.

```ini
[global]
    progress_bar = true
```

--------------------------------

### Set Foreground Color with notify-send

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Use the 'string:fgcolor' hint to set the foreground color of a notification.

```bash
notify-send -h string:fgcolor:#ff4444 "hello"
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Middle Click for Direct Action

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Set 'mouse_middle_click' to 'do_action,close_current' to directly activate a notification action on middle-click. If no action is available, a context menu will appear.

```ini
[global]
    mouse_middle_click = do_action,close_current
```

--------------------------------

### Send a basic notification with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Use `dunstify` to send a simple notification with a summary and an optional body.

```bash
dunstify [OPTION...] SUMMARY [BODY]
```

--------------------------------

### Set Progress Value with notify-send

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Use the 'int:value' hint to set the progress value for a notification.

```bash
notify-send -h int:value:42 "Working ..."
```

--------------------------------

### Add actions to a notification with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Define actions that can be presented to the user with the `-A` or `--action` flag. Each action is a string that can be parsed by the notification server.

```bash
dunstify -A action="Do Something" "Notification with Action"
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Progress Bar Appearance

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Customize the appearance of the progress bar using settings like highlight color, height, and width constraints. These settings can be applied per urgency.

```ini
[global]
    highlight = "#ff0000"
    progress_bar_height = 5
    progress_bar_min_width = 100
    progress_bar_max_width = 200
    progress_bar_frame_width = 1
```

--------------------------------

### Send Notification with Actions

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Send a notification with predefined actions using dunstify. The first argument is the action name, and the second is its display description.

```bash
dunstify -A yes,ACCEPT -A no,DECLINE "Call waiting"
```

--------------------------------

### Set Notification Height

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Configure the height of notification windows. Can be a constant value or a range (min, max). Older versions only support a single value.

```ini
height = 300      # constant height of 300
height = (0, 300) # height between 0 and 300
```

--------------------------------

### Allow HTML Markup in Notifications

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Use 'full' markup mode to enable a subset of HTML tags for formatting notification text. This allows for bold, italic, strikethrough, and underline text. Refer to Pango documentation for a complete list of supported markup.

```text
<b>bold</b>
<i>italic</i>
<s>strikethrough</s>
<u>underline</u>
```

--------------------------------

### Test Dunst Progress Bar

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Use this command to test if your dunst version supports progress bars. Adjust the value to see different progress levels.

```bash
dunstify "Progress: " -h int:value:60
```

--------------------------------

### Display an icon with a notification using dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Include an icon with your notification using the `-i` or `--icon` flag, followed by the icon name.

```bash
dunstify -i dialog-information "Information" "This notification has an icon."
```

--------------------------------

### Replace Notifications with Group Tag

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Use a group tag (e.g., 'audio') to ensure new notifications replace older ones from the same group. This is useful for continuous updates like volume changes.

```bash
dunstify -h string:x-canonical-private-synchronous:audio "Volume: " -h int:value:"`ponymix get-volume`"
```

--------------------------------

### Set dunst stack tag for notification replacement

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Use the `--stack-tag` option to group notifications. A new notification with the same tag will replace an older one.

```bash
dunstify --stack-tag TAG "Hello"
```

```bash
dunstify -h string:x-dunst-stack-tag:TAG "Hello"
```

--------------------------------

### Replace Notifications Using Stack Tags

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

Use stack tags to replace existing notifications with the same tag. This is useful for indicators like volume or music. The `x-dunst-stack-tag` hint or its alias `x-canonical-private-synchronous` can be used.

```bash
dunstify -h string:x-dunst-stack-tag:whatever -i folders hello
```

```bash
dunstify -h string:x-canonical-private-synchronous:whatever hello2
```

--------------------------------

### Print dunstify version

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Display the version of `dunstify` using the `-v` or `--version` flag. This option is available in Dunst versions 1.13 and later.

```bash
dunstify -v
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Middle Click for Context Menu

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Set 'mouse_middle_click' to 'context,close_current' in your dunst configuration to open a context menu for notification actions when middle-clicked.

```ini
[global]
    mouse_middle_click = context,close_current
```

--------------------------------

### Dunst Debugging: Monitor D-Bus Notifications

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Use this command to monitor all notifications sent to Dunst over D-Bus. This is useful for debugging and understanding notification content.

```bash
dbus-monitor path=/org/freedesktop/Notifications
```

--------------------------------

### Dunst Rule: Show Notifications on Fullscreen

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

This rule ensures notifications are displayed even when an application is in fullscreen mode. On Wayland, the notification layer must be set to 'overlay'.

```ini
[fullscreen]
        fullscreen = show

```

--------------------------------

### Configure Left Click Behavior in Dunst

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

This configuration option in dunst allows customizing the behavior of a left mouse click on a notification. It can be set to perform an action, close the notification, or both.

```ini
mouse_left_click=do_action, close_current
```

--------------------------------

### Update DBus Session Environment

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/faq

This command updates the current DBus session environment, which can help resolve issues with DBus communication.

```bash
dbus-update-activation-environment --systemd --all
```

--------------------------------

### Filter by Application Name

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

Use this filter to apply rules only to notifications sent by a specific application. The 'appname' attribute is case-sensitive.

```text
appname="notify-send"
```

--------------------------------

### dunstify Command Usage

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

The dunstify command allows users to send desktop notifications with various customization options.

```APIDOC
## dunstify Command

### Description
A program to send desktop notifications. It is a notify-send alternative.

### Synopsis
dunstify [OPTION...] SUMMARY [BODY]

### Options

- **-?, --help**
    Show help options.

- **-a, --app-name=NAME**
    Set the app name of the notification. Accepted legacy alias: --appname.

- **-u, --urgency=URG**
    Set the urgency level (low, normal, critical) of the notification.

- **-h, --hint=HINT**
    Specifies hints to pass. Valid types are BOOLEAN, INT, DOUBLE, STRING, BYTE and VARIANT. Accepted legacy alias: --hints.

- **-A, --action=ACTION**
    Specifies the actions to display to the user.

- **-e, --transient**
    Mark the notification as transient.

- **-t, --expire-time=TIMEOUT**
    The time in milliseconds until the notification expires. Accepted legacy alias: --timeout.

- **-i, --icon=ICON**
    Specifies an icon to display with the notification.

- **-I, --raw-icon=PATH**
    Path to the icon to be sent as raw image data. Accepted legacy alias: --raw_icon.

- **-c, --category=TYPE**
    The category of this notification.

- **-p, --print-id**
    Print id, which can be used to update/replace this notification. Accepted legacy alias: --printid.

- **-r, --replace-id=ID**
    Set the id of this notification to The ID of the notification to replace. Accepted legacy alias: --replace.

- **-C, --close=ID**
    Close the notification with the specified ID.

- **-w, --wait**
    Block until notification is closed and print close reason. Accepted legacy alias: -b, --block.

- **--stack-tag=TAG**
    Set the dunst stack tag property of the notification to TAG. A tagged notification will replace an earlier notification with the same tag.
    The following commands are equivalent:
    ```
    dunstify -h string:x-dunst-stack-tag:TAG "hello"

    dunstify --stack-tag TAG "hello"
    ```

- **--capabilities**
    Print the server capabilities and exit.

- **--serverinfo**
    Print server information and exit.

- **-v, --version**
    Print dunstify version information. Not present on Dunst versions prior to v1.13.
```

--------------------------------

### Set notification urgency with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Control the urgency level of a notification using the `-u` or `--urgency` flag. Accepted values are low, normal, and critical.

```bash
dunstify -u critical "Critical Notification" "This is a critical alert."
```

--------------------------------

### Set notification expiration time with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Specify how long a notification should be displayed using the `-t` or `--expire-time` flag, in milliseconds.

```bash
dunstify -t 5000 "Temporary Notification" "This will disappear in 5 seconds."
```

--------------------------------

### Set notification category with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Assign a category to a notification using the `-c` or `--category` flag. This can be used for filtering or grouping.

```bash
dunstify -c "im.sending.app" "Categorized Notification"
```

--------------------------------

### Replace an existing notification with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Replace a previously sent notification by specifying its ID with the `-r` or `--replace-id` flag.

```bash
dunstify -r 12345 "Updated Notification"
```

--------------------------------

### Wait for notification closure with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Block execution until a notification is closed using the `-w` or `--wait` flag. The exit status will indicate the close reason.

```bash
dunstify -w "Blocking Notification"
```

--------------------------------

### Quote Separator Color in Dunst

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation

When using '#' as a comment character, the entire value for separator_color must be quoted.

```ini
separator_color="#123456"
```

--------------------------------

### Dunst Rule: Change Notification Format

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/guides

Use this rule to modify the format of notifications sent by a specific application, like 'dunstify'. Restart Dunst after adding this to your configuration.

```ini
[change-format]
        appname = dunstify
        format = "<b>%s</b>\n<i>%b</i>"

```

--------------------------------

### Close a notification by ID with dunstify

Source: https://dunst-project.org/documentation/dunstify

Close a specific notification using its ID with the `-C` or `--close` flag.

```bash
dunstify -C 12345
```

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