WatDiv

https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/
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WatDiv is a SPARQL query benchmark suite for testing the performance of RDF data management systems...
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### Compile WatDiv on UNIX

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv

Commands to compile WatDiv on a UNIX system. Ensure Boost libraries and a Unix words file are installed.

```bash
tar xvf _watdiv_v05.tar_
cd watdiv
setenv BOOST_HOME _< BOOST-INSTALLATION-DIRECTORY> _
export BOOST_HOME=_< BOOST-INSTALLATION-DIRECTORY>_ (in bash)
make
cd _bin/Release_
```

--------------------------------

### Example of Scalable Entity Instantiation

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Illustrates the generated instances for a scalable entity declaration at a specific scale factor (e.g., 20).

```turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product0>
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product1>
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product2>

		...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4999>

```

--------------------------------

### Example RDF Dataset for Single PGroup Declaration

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This is an example RDF dataset generated from a schema where 'watdiv:name' and 'watdiv:purchaseDate' are declared within the same PGroup. It shows entities with both properties instantiated.

```turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>		"random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/purchaseDate>	"2015-01-01" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product9>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>		"another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product9>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/purchaseDate>	"2015-01-02" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product12>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>		"yet another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product12>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/purchaseDate>	"2015-01-03" .

								...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4996>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"yet yet another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4996>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/purchaseDate>	"2015-01-31" .


```

--------------------------------

### Example of Non-Scalable Entity Instantiation

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Illustrates the generated instances for a non-scalable entity declaration.

```turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Genre0>
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Genre1>
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Genre2>

		...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Genre19>


```

--------------------------------

### Type Assertion Example

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Example RDF triples asserting that specific 'Product' instances are of type 'watdiv:Book'.

```turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product0>	<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Book>	.
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product1>	<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Book>	.

										...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product998>	<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Book>	.
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product999>	<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Book>	.


```

--------------------------------

### Generated RDF Triples (Default Probability)

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Example RDF triples generated for 'watdiv:Product' instances when using the default instantiation probability of 1.0.

```turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product0>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product1>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product2>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"yet another random sequence of words" .

										...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4999>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"yet yet another random sequence of words" .


```

--------------------------------

### Example RDF triples generated from a basic property declaration

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This shows a sample of RDF triples generated by WatDiv based on a simple #association declaration. Each triple links a product URI to a retailer URI via the availableAt predicate.

```RDF Turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product0>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer23> .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product1>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer1> .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product2>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer46> .
								...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4999>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer5> .
```

--------------------------------

### Example RDF Dataset for Separate PGroup Declarations

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This RDF dataset illustrates the behavior when properties are in separate PGroups. It shows that 'watdiv:name' and 'watdiv:purchaseDate' are instantiated for different subsets of Product instances.

```turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product3>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>		"random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/purchaseDate>	"2015-01-01" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product7>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>		"another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product9>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/purchaseDate>	"2015-01-02" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product12>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>		"yet another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product12>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/purchaseDate>	"2015-01-03" .

								...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4996>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>		"yet yet another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4999>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/purchaseDate>	"2015-01-31" .


```

--------------------------------

### Generated RDF Triples (Reduced Probability)

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Example RDF triples generated for 'watdiv:Product' instances when using a reduced instantiation probability of 0.2.

```turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product9>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product12>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"yet another random sequence of words" .

										...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4996>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"yet yet another random sequence of words" .


```

--------------------------------

### Example RDF triples for a many-to-many relationship

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This dataset illustrates a many-to-many relationship where each product instance is related to multiple retailer instances, as defined by the cardinality parameters.

```RDF Turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product0>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer157> .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product0>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer198> .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product0>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer2> .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product1>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer1000> .

								...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4999>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer5> .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4999>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer1000> .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4999>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer7> .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product4999>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/availableAt>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Retailer2> .
```

--------------------------------

### Generated RDF Triples (Type Restricted)

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Example RDF triples generated when the PGroupDeclaration is restricted to 'watdiv:Book' instances. Instances not of this type are excluded.

```turtle
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product0>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product1>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"another random sequence of words" .
<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product2>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"yet another random sequence of words" .

										...

<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/Product999>	<http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/name>	"yet yet another random sequence of words" .


```

--------------------------------

### Literal Property Declaration - Use Case 1: Type Only

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This example shows the simplest form of a LiteralPropertyDeclaration, specifying only the property name and its literal type. This is used when no specific value range or distribution is required.

```schema
#predicate   watdiv:annualIncome   integer

```

--------------------------------

### Generate WatDiv Query Templates (Stress Testing)

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv

Command to generate more query templates for stress testing. This version includes options for bound patterns and constant join vertices.

```bash
./watdiv -s <model-file> <dataset-file> <max-query-size> <query-count>
```

--------------------------------

### Generate WatDiv Query Templates with Advanced Options

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv

Command to generate query templates with advanced options, including the number of bound patterns and whether join vertices can be constants.

```bash
./watdiv -s <model-file> <dataset-file> <max-query-size> <query-count> <constant-per-query-count> <constant-join-vertex-allowed?>
```

--------------------------------

### Generate WatDiv Queries

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv

Command to run the WatDiv query generator. Use the same model file and query templates from the testsuite directory.

```bash
./watdiv -q <model-file> <query-file> <query-count> <recurrence-factor>
```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template S5

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves descriptions and keywords for entities of a specific product category and language. It uses a placeholder for the product category.

```sparql
#mapping v1 wsdbm:ProductCategory uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v2 ?v3 WHERE {
	?v0	rdf:type	%v1% .
	?v0	sorg:description	?v2 .
	?v0	sorg:keywords	?v3 .
	?v0	sorg:language	wsdbm:Language0 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Declare Namespace

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Declares a namespace with an identifier and a prefix. This is optional but recommended for schema readability.

```watdiv
#namespace	watdiv=http://db.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/

```

--------------------------------

### Declare a one-to-one property with instantiation probability

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This declaration sets up a one-to-one relationship where only 10% of subject instances will participate. The InstantiationProbability parameter controls this participation rate.

```WatDiv Schema
#association     watdiv:Product  watdiv:availableAt  watdiv:Retailer	1 1	**0.1** ... (For readability, the remaining parameters have been omitted.)
```

--------------------------------

### Query Review Details

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

Retrieves caption, text, content rating, review titles, reviewers, and associated actors and languages.

```sparql
SELECT ?v0 ?v4 ?v6 ?v7 WHERE {
	?v0	 sorg:caption	?v1 .
	?v0	 sorg:text	?v2 .
	?v0	 sorg:contentRating	?v3 .
	?v0	 rev:hasReview	?v4 .
	?v4	 rev:title	?v5 .
	?v4	 rev:reviewer	?v6 .
	?v7	 sorg:actor	?v6 .
	?v7	 sorg:language	?v8 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Query Topic with Homepage and Likes

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

Retrieves topic information including homepage, tags, descriptions, content size, and user likes.

```sparql
#mapping v3 wsdbm:Topic uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v2 ?v4 ?v5 ?v6 ?v7 ?v8 WHERE {
	?v0	 foaf:homepage	?v1 .
	?v2	 gr:includes	?v0 .
	?v0	 og:tag	%v3% .
	?v0	 sorg:description	?v4 .
	?v0	 sorg:contentSize	?v8 .
	?v1	 sorg:url	?v5 .
	?v1	 wsdbm:hits	?v6 .
	?v1	 sorg:language	wsdbm:Language0 .
	?v7	 wsdbm:likes	?v0 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Generate WatDiv Data

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv

Command to run the WatDiv data generator. This produces RDF triples and a 'saved.txt' file.

```bash
./watdiv -d <model-file> <scale-factor>
```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template S3

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves caption, genre, and publisher for entities of a specific product category. It uses a placeholder for the product category.

```sparql
#mapping v1 wsdbm:ProductCategory uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v2 ?v3 ?v4 WHERE {
	?v0	rdf:type	%v1% .
	?v0	sorg:caption	?v2 .
	?v0	wsdbm:hasGenre	?v3 .
	?v0	sorg:publisher	?v4 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### PGroupDeclaration with Default Instantiation Probability

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This PGroupDeclaration specifies that the 'watdiv:name' property should be generated for all 'watdiv:Product' instances with a default instantiation probability.

```watdiv
<type>		watdiv:Product 250
  <pgroup>	1.0
    #predicate	watdiv:name	string
  </pgroup>
</type>


```

--------------------------------

### Query Retailer Offers

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

Retrieves product information offered by retailers, including price and validity dates.

```sparql
#mapping v2 wsdbm:Retailer uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v3 ?v4 ?v5 ?v6 WHERE {
	?v0	 gr:includes	?v1 .
	%v2%	 gr:offers	?v0 .
	?v0	 gr:price	?v3 .
	?v0	 gr:validThrough	?v4 .
	?v1	 og:title	?v5 .
	?v1	 rdf:type	?v6 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template L1

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves websites subscribed to by a given entity and their captions. It uses a placeholder for the subscriber entity.

```sparql
#mapping v1 wsdbm:Website uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v2 ?v3 WHERE {
	?v0	wsdbm:subscribes	%v1% .
	?v2	sorg:caption	?v3 .
	?v0	wsdbm:likes	?v2 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Query Purchase Information by SubGenre

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

Retrieves content ratings, sizes, and purchase details linked to a specific subgenre.

```sparql
#mapping v3 wsdbm:SubGenre uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v2 ?v4 ?v5 ?v6 WHERE {
	?v0	 sorg:contentRating	?v1 .
	?v0	 sorg:contentSize	?v2 .
	?v0	 wsdbm:hasGenre	%v3% .
	?v4	 wsdbm:makesPurchase	?v5 .
	?v5	 wsdbm:purchaseDate	?v6 .
	?v5	 wsdbm:purchaseFor	?v0 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Query Topic Information

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

Retrieves topic details including tags, types, and related product category information.

```sparql
#mapping v1 wsdbm:Topic uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v2 ?v3 ?v4 ?v5 WHERE {
	?v0	 og:tag	%v1% .
	?v0	 rdf:type	?v2 .
	?v3	 sorg:trailer	?v4 .
	?v3	 sorg:keywords	?v5 .
	?v3	 wsdbm:hasGenre	?v0 .
	?v3	 rdf:type	wsdbm:ProductCategory2 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### PGroupDeclaration with Reduced Instantiation Probability

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This PGroupDeclaration reduces the instantiation probability for 'watdiv:name' to 0.2, meaning only about 20% of 'watdiv:Product' instances will have this property.

```watdiv
<type>		watdiv:Product 250
  <pgroup>	**0.2**
    #predicate	watdiv:name	string
  </pgroup>
</type>


```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template L3

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves entities that like a given website and are subscribed to by that website. It uses a placeholder for the website.

```sparql
#mapping v2 wsdbm:Website uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 WHERE {
	?v0	wsdbm:likes	?v1 .
	?v0	wsdbm:subscribes	%v2% .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Query SubGenre Details

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

Retrieves detailed information about subgenres, including homepage, titles, descriptions, and associated URLs and hits.

```sparql
#mapping v8 wsdbm:SubGenre uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v2 ?v4 ?v5 ?v6 ?v7 WHERE {
	?v0	 foaf:homepage	?v1 .
	?v0	 og:title	?v2 .
	?v0	 rdf:type	?v3 .
	?v0	 sorg:caption	?v4 .
	?v0	 sorg:description	?v5 .
	?v1	 sorg:url	?v6 .
	?v1	 wsdbm:hits	?v7 .
	?v0	 wsdbm:hasGenre	%v8% .
}
```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template S1

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves detailed information about products offered by a specific retailer, including price, serial number, and validity periods. It uses a placeholder for the retailer.

```sparql
#mapping v2 wsdbm:Retailer uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v3 ?v4 ?v5 ?v6 ?v7 ?v8 ?v9 WHERE {
	?v0	gr:includes	?v1 .
	%v2%	gr:offers	?v0 .
	?v0	gr:price	?v3 .
	?v0	gr:serialNumber	?v4 .
	?v0	gr:validFrom	?v5 .
	?v0	gr:validThrough	?v6 .
	?v0	sorg:eligibleQuantity	?v7 .
	?v0	sorg:eligibleRegion	?v8 .
	?v0	sorg:priceValidUntil	?v9 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template L2

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template finds countries a given city belongs to and entities that like a specific product and are of that nationality. It uses a placeholder for the city.

```sparql
#mapping v0 wsdbm:City uniform

SELECT ?v1 ?v2 WHERE {
	%v0%	gn:parentCountry	?v1 .
	?v2	wsdbm:likes	wsdbm:Product0 .
	?v2	sorg:nationality	?v1 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Declaring Properties in Separate PGroups

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This snippet shows 'watdiv:name' and 'watdiv:purchaseDate' declared in separate PGroupDeclarations. This results in independent instantiation of these properties across different entity instances.

```schema
<type>		watdiv:Product 250
  <pgroup>	0.2
    #predicate	watdiv:name		string
  </pgroup>
  <pgroup>	0.2
    #predicate	watdiv:purchaseDate	date
  </pgroup>
</type>


```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template L4

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves entities tagged with a specific topic and their captions. It uses a placeholder for the topic.

```sparql
#mapping v1 wsdbm:Topic uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v2 WHERE {
	?v0	og:tag	%v1% .
	?v0	sorg:caption	?v2 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Select Variables with Joins

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This query selects specific variables (?v0, ?v3, ?v4, ?v8) by joining data through various properties like sorg:legalName, gr:offers, and rev:hasReview. It demonstrates how to link entities and their attributes in a knowledge graph.

```SPARQL
SELECT ?v0 ?v3 ?v4 ?v8 WHERE {
	?v0	sorg:legalName	?v1 .
	?v0	gr:offers	?v2 .
	?v2	sorg:eligibleRegion	wsdbm:Country5 .
	?v2	gr:includes	?v3 .
	?v4	sorg:jobTitle	?v5 .
	?v4	foaf:homepage	?v6 .
	?v4	wsdbm:makesPurchase	?v7 .
	?v7	wsdbm:purchaseFor	?v3 .
	?v3	rev:hasReview	?v8 .
	?v8	rev:totalVotes	?v9 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Declare Scalable Entity

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Declares a scalable entity with a count per scale factor. The total number of instances increases proportionally with the scale factor.

```watdiv
<type>		watdiv:Product 250
	...
</type>

```

--------------------------------

### Select Variables with Multiple Conditions

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This query selects a single variable (?v0) based on multiple conditions, including wsdbm:likes, wsdbm:friendOf, dc:Location, foaf:age, wsdbm:gender, and foaf:givenName. It showcases how to retrieve entities that satisfy several criteria simultaneously.

```SPARQL
SELECT ?v0 WHERE {
	?v0	wsdbm:likes	?v1 .
	?v0	wsdbm:friendOf	?v2 .
	?v0	dc:Location	?v3 .
	?v0	foaf:age	?v4 .
	?v0	wsdbm:gender	?v5 .
	?v0	foaf:givenName	?v6 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template L5

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template finds job titles and countries for entities that are of a certain nationality within a given country. It uses a placeholder for the country.

```sparql
#mapping v2 wsdbm:City uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v3 WHERE {
	?v0	sorg:jobTitle	?v1 .
	%v2%	gn:parentCountry	?v3 .
	?v0	sorg:nationality	?v3 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template S6

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves conductors and types for entities associated with a specific subgenre. It uses a placeholder for the subgenre.

```sparql
#mapping v3 wsdbm:SubGenre uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v2 WHERE {
	?v0	mo:conductor	?v1 .
	?v0	rdf:type	?v2 .
	?v0	wsdbm:hasGenre	%v3% .
}
```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template S4

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves family names and artist information for entities with a specific age group and nationality. It uses a placeholder for the age group.

```sparql
#mapping v1 wsdbm:AgeGroup uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v2 ?v3 WHERE {
	?v0	foaf:age	%v1% .
	?v0oaf:familyName	?v2 .
	?v3	mo:artist	?v0 .
	?v0	sorg:nationality	wsdbm:Country1 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Declaring Multiple Properties in a Single PGroup

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This snippet demonstrates declaring multiple literal properties (name and purchaseDate) within a single PGroupDeclaration. All properties within the same PGroup are instantiated together for a given entity instance.

```schema
<type>		watdiv:Product 250
  <pgroup>	0.2
    #predicate	watdiv:name		string
    #predicate	watdiv:purchaseDate	date
  </pgroup>
</type>


```

--------------------------------

### SPARQL Query Template S2

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

This template retrieves location, nationality, and gender for entities of a specific type and nationality. It uses a placeholder for the nationality.

```sparql
#mapping v2 wsdbm:Country uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v3 WHERE {
	?v0	dc:Location	?v1 .
	?v0	sorg:nationality	%v2% .
	?v0	wsdbm:gender	?v3 .
	?v0	rdf:type	wsdbm:Role2 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Query User Likes

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/basic-testing.shtml

Retrieves user information, their type, and associated text, filtered by users liked by a specific entity.

```sparql
#mapping v3 wsdbm:User uniform

SELECT ?v0 ?v1 ?v2 WHERE {
	?v0	 rdf:type	?v1 .
	?v0	 sorg:text	?v2 .
	%v3%	 wsdbm:likes	?v0 .
}
```

--------------------------------

### Declare a basic non-literal property association

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This declaration dictates the generation of RDF triples where instances of two entities are related by an RDF predicate. It specifies the subject entity, predicate, and object entity.

```WatDiv Schema
#association     watdiv:Product  watdiv:availableAt  watdiv:Retailer  ... (For readability, only the first three parameters are shown.)
```

--------------------------------

### Declare a many-to-many property with cardinality

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This declaration specifies a many-to-many relationship where each subject instance can be related to 1 to 5 object instances. SubjectCardinality is 2 and ObjectCardinality is 5.

```WatDiv Schema
#association     watdiv:Product  watdiv:availableAt  watdiv:Retailer	2 5 ... (For readability, the remaining parameters have been omitted.)
```

--------------------------------

### Declare Non-Scalable Entity

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

Declares a non-scalable entity with a specific count. The number of instances is fixed regardless of the scale factor.

```watdiv
<type*>		watdiv:Genre 20
	...	
</type>

```

--------------------------------

### PGroupDeclaration with Type Restriction

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This PGroupDeclaration restricts the generation of the 'watdiv:name' property to 'watdiv:Product' instances that are also of type 'watdiv:Book'.

```watdiv
<type>		watdiv:Product 250
  <pgroup>	1.0	@**watdiv:Book**
    #predicate	watdiv:name	string
  </pgroup>
</type>


```

--------------------------------

### Literal Property Declaration - Use Case 3: Type, Value Range, and Distribution

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This is the most detailed LiteralPropertyDeclaration, specifying the property name, literal type, a value range, and a distribution type (e.g., 'normal'). This allows for more controlled and realistic data generation.

```schema
#predicate   watdiv:annualIncome   integer   11000 100000   normal

```

--------------------------------

### Literal Property Declaration - Use Case 2: Type and Value Range

Source: https://dsg.uwaterloo.ca/watdiv/watdiv-schema-tutorial

This declaration includes a property name, literal type, and a range defined by two literal values. This is used to constrain the generated values within a specified minimum and maximum.

```schema
#predicate   watdiv:annualIncome   integer   11000 100000

```
Tokens:
Raw