### duckyScript: Open a Webpage Example

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

An example of a multi-line duckyScript to open a webpage. It simulates pressing the Windows key + R, delays for 500ms, types a URL, and presses Enter. This demonstrates basic command sequencing and timing.

```duckyScript
WINDOWS r
DELAY 500
STRING https://youtu.be/dQw4w9WgXcQ
ENTER

```

--------------------------------

### Mathematical Operations

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Provides examples of basic arithmetic operations using variables and constants.

```duckyScript
spam = 2+3
spam = eggs * 10
```

--------------------------------

### Random Generation Commands

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Examples of using random generation commands and the REPEAT loop construct.

```duckyScript
RANDOM_NUMBER
REPEAT 7
// types 8 random numbers
```

--------------------------------

### duckyScript: STRING Command Example

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Illustrates the 'STRING' command in duckyScript, which types out the provided text literally. This is the most basic way to input text via the script.

```duckyScript
STRING Hello world!
// types out "Hello world!"

```

--------------------------------

### duckyScript: STRINGLN_BLOCK Example

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates the 'STRINGLN_BLOCK' and 'END_STRINGLN' commands for typing multi-line text. Each line within the block is typed out, followed by an Enter key press.

```duckyScript
STRINGLN_BLOCK

According to all known laws of aviation,
there is no way a bee should be able to fly.

END_STRINGLN

```

--------------------------------

### duckyScript: Basic Comment Example

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates the C-style single-line comment in duckyScript. Any text following '//' on a line is ignored by the interpreter. This is useful for adding explanations to scripts.

```duckyScript
// This is a comment

```

--------------------------------

### Low-level Memory and Random Functions

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Provides examples of using built-in memory access (POKE) and random number generation functions.

```duckyScript
POKE8(0xf400, 'c')
POKE32(0xf410, 0xabcd)

VAR value = RANDINT(-100, 100)
VAR value = RANDUINT(3000000000, 4000000000)
```

--------------------------------

### Recursive Function Implementation

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Shows the syntax for defining a recursive function in duckyScript, using a factorial calculation as an example.

```duckyScript
FUN factorial(n)
    IF n <= 1
        RETURN 1
    END_IF
    RETURN n * factorial(n - 1)
END_FUN

VAR fact = factorial(5)
```

--------------------------------

### duckyScript: Comment Block Example

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Shows how to create multi-line comments in duckyScript using 'REM_BLOCK' and 'END_REM'. All content between these two commands is ignored, allowing for extensive annotations.

```duckyScript
REM_BLOCK
    Put as much comment here
    as you want!
END_REM

```

--------------------------------

### Reserved Variables Usage

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Illustrates accessing built-in reserved variables (starting with an underscore) to read system states or adjust device settings.

```duckyScript
VAR status = _IS_NUMLOCK_ON
_CHARJITTER = 10
```

--------------------------------

### Manage Real-time Clock (RTC)

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Shows how to validate the RTC state before reading time variables. Includes an example of formatting date and time components using zero-padded specifiers.

```duckyPad Script
IF _RTC_IS_VALID == 0
    HALT
END_IF

STRING $_RTC_YEAR%04d-$_RTC_MONTH%02d-$_RTC_DAY%02d $_RTC_HOUR%02d:$_RTC_MINUTE%02d:$_RTC_SECOND%02d
```

--------------------------------

### Switching Profiles

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates how to navigate between different device profiles using the GOTO_PROFILE command.

```duckyScript
GOTO_PROFILE NumPad
```

--------------------------------

### Standard Library Usage

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Demonstrates how to import the duckyPad standard library using USE_STDLIB and utilize helper functions like WAITKEY and MAX.

```duckyScript
USE_STDLIB

STRINGLN Press Key 3 to continue...
WAITKEY(3)

VAR high_score = MAX(100, 500)

STRINGLN The high score is: $high_score
```

--------------------------------

### Launch Apps on macOS via Spotlight - DuckyScript

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/getting_started.html

This snippet illustrates how to launch applications on macOS using Spotlight. It involves pressing Command + Space, delaying briefly, typing the application name, and pressing Enter.

```duckyscript
COMMAND SPACE
DELAY 500
STRING firefox
ENTER
```

--------------------------------

### Define Constants

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates the use of the DEFINE command to create constants that are replaced as-is during preprocessing, similar to C-style macros.

```duckyScript
DEFINE MY_EMAIL example@gmail.com

STRING My email is MY_EMAIL!
```

--------------------------------

### Launch Apps on Windows via Shortcuts - DuckyScript

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/getting_started.html

This snippet shows how to launch any file or application on Windows by assigning a hotkey to a created shortcut. The DuckyScript code reflects the hotkey combination defined in the shortcut's properties.

```duckyscript
CONTROL ALT D
```

--------------------------------

### Numerical Padding in Output

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Illustrates how to apply width and leading-zero padding to numerical output using format specifiers.

```duckyScript
VAR $foo = 5
STRING I have $foo%10d apples!
STRING I have $foo%010d apples!
```

--------------------------------

### Format and Print Variables

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates how to print variables using the $ prefix and apply C-style format specifiers for decimal, hex, and padding adjustments. Padding supports both space-filling and leading-zero formatting.

```duckyPad Script
VAR foo = -10
STRING Value is: $foo%d
STRING Value is: $foo%u
STRING Value is: $foo%x
STRING Value is: $foo%X

VAR bar = 5
STRING I have $bar%10d apples!
STRING I have $bar%010d apples!
```

--------------------------------

### Function Definitions and Usage

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Explains how to define, call, and pass arguments to functions in duckyScript to improve code modularity.

```duckyScript
FUN print_addr()
    STRINGLN 123 Ducky Lane
    STRINGLN Pond City, QU 12345
END_FUN

print_addr()

FUN add_number(a, b)
    RETURN a + b
END_FUN

VAR total = add_number(10, 20)
```

--------------------------------

### Using Special Keys and Shortcuts

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates how to trigger individual special keys or combine them to create keyboard shortcuts. Keys are processed in sequence from left-to-right and released in reverse order.

```duckyScript
WINDOWS
WINDOWS s
WINDOWS SHIFT s
```

--------------------------------

### Variable Scoping and Recursion

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates local versus global variable scoping and the implementation of recursive functions.

```duckyScript
VAR x = 10
VAR y = 20

FUN scope_demo()
    VAR x = 5
    x = x + y
    STRINGLN Local x is: $x
END_FUN

FUN factorial(n)
    IF n <= 1
        RETURN 1
    END_IF
    RETURN n * factorial(n - 1)
END_FUN

VAR fact = factorial(5)
```

--------------------------------

### Advanced Function Definitions

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Demonstrates the new function syntax supporting arguments, return values, and function calls.

```duckyScript
FUN print_addr()
    STRINGLN 123 Ducky Lane
    STRINGLN Pond City, QU 12345
END_FUN

print_addr() // call it

FUN add_number(a, b)
    RETURN a + b
END_FUN

VAR total = add_number(10, 20)
```

--------------------------------

### Control Flow: Loops

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates the use of LBREAK to exit a loop and CONTINUE to skip to the next iteration in duckyScript.

```duckyScript
VAR i = 0
WHILE 1
    STRINGLN Counter is $i!
    i = i + 1

    IF i == 3
        LBREAK
    END_IF
END_WHILE

VAR i = 0
WHILE i < 5
    i = i + 1

    IF i == 3
        CONTINUE
    END_IF

    STRINGLN Counter is $i!
END_WHILE
```

--------------------------------

### Launch Apps on Windows via Task Bar - DuckyScript

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/getting_started.html

This snippet demonstrates how to launch applications on Windows using the taskbar shortcut method with DuckyScript. It assumes applications are pinned to the taskbar and uses the WIN key combined with a number to launch them.

```duckyscript
WINDOWS 1
WINDOWS 2
```

--------------------------------

### Implementing Cyclic Actions with LOOP

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

The LOOP command allows assigning multiple actions to a single key, cycling through them sequentially upon each press.

```duckyScript
LOOP0:
STRINGLN first action

LOOP1:
STRINGLN second action

LOOP2:
STRINGLN third action
```

--------------------------------

### Variable Declaration and Assignment

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Shows how to declare and assign values to signed 32-bit integer variables using decimal, hexadecimal, or character literals.

```duckyScript
// Declaration
VAR spam = 42
VAR eggs = 0xff
VAR foo = 'a'

// Assignment
spam = 20
eggs = spam*2
```

--------------------------------

### Variable Assignment and Syntax Improvements

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Demonstrates the updated variable assignment syntax, including the removal of the '$' prefix for non-printing operations and the use of augmented assignment operators and inline comments.

```duckyScript
VAR foo = 100
foo += 5
STRING Value is: $foo

IF !foo 
  DELAY 100 // only if foo is 0
END_IF
```

--------------------------------

### Looping Structures

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Demonstrates the use of the WHILE loop to repeat actions until a specific condition is met. The loop continues as long as the expression evaluates to non-zero.

```duckyPad Script
VAR i = 0
WHILE i < 3
    STRINGLN Counter is $i!
    i = i + 1
END_WHILE
```

--------------------------------

### Configuring Script Timing and Delays

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Controls execution speed using DELAY for pauses, DEFAULTDELAY for non-letter actions, and DEFAULTCHARDELAY for typing speed.

```duckyScript
WINDOWS r
DELAY 1000
STRING cmd

DEFAULTDELAY 50
CTRL ALT DELETE

DEFAULTCHARDELAY 10
STRING Hello World!
```

--------------------------------

### Variable Scoping and Shadowing

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Demonstrates how variables defined inside functions take local scope and shadow global variables of the same name.

```duckyScript
// Both global scope
VAR x = 10
VAR y = 20

FUN scope_demo()
    VAR x = 5 // This x is local, will shadow the global x.
    x = x + y
    STRINGLN Local x is: $x
END_FUN
```

--------------------------------

### Print Format Specifiers

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Shows how to use C-style format specifiers to control the output format of variables, including signed/unsigned decimal and hexadecimal representations.

```duckyScript
VAR $foo = -10

STRING Value is: $foo%d
STRING Value is: $foo%u
STRING Value is: $foo%x
STRING Value is: $foo%X
```

--------------------------------

### Built-in System Functions

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/beta_test.html

Lists common low-level built-in functions available for direct use in scripts.

```duckyScript
PUTS()     RANDINT()
RANDCHR()  HIDTX()
RANDUINT()
```

--------------------------------

### Repeating Script Lines

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

The REPEAT command executes the immediately preceding line a specified number of times.

```duckyScript
STRING Hello world
REPEAT 10
```

--------------------------------

### Fine-grained Key Control with KEYDOWN and KEYUP

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Uses KEYDOWN and KEYUP to manually hold and release keys, enabling complex sequences like Alt Codes for special characters.

```duckyScript
// types out ¼
KEYDOWN ALT
KP_1
KP_7
KP_2
KEYUP ALT
```

--------------------------------

### Send Raw HID Message (Media Keys)

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Sends a raw HID media key message by writing 9 bytes to scratch memory and calling HIDTX. The message includes key status bits for various media functions.

```General
POKE8(addr, 9, [2, Key Status Bitfield, Reserved, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
// Example for Next Track:
// POKE8(addr, 9, [2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]) // Key Status Bit 0 (Next Track) is 1
// HIDTX(addr)
// delay(10-20ms)
// POKE8(addr, 9, [2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]) // Release
```

--------------------------------

### Send Raw HID Message (Mouse)

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Sends a raw HID mouse message by writing 9 bytes to scratch memory and calling HIDTX. This includes button states, X/Y movement, and scroll wheel data.

```General
POKE8(addr, 9, [3, Button Status, X Movement, Y Movement, Vertical Scroll, Horizontal Scroll, Reserved, Reserved, 0])
// Example for Left Click and move right:
// POKE8(addr, 9, [3, 1, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]) // Button Status Bit 0 (Left) is 1, X Movement is 10
// HIDTX(addr)
// delay(10-20ms)
// POKE8(addr, 9, [3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]) // Release
```

--------------------------------

### Send Raw HID Message (Keyboard)

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Sends a raw HID keyboard message by writing 9 bytes to scratch memory and calling HIDTX. Ensure to release keys by setting bytes 1-8 to 0.

```General
POKE8(addr, 9, [Usage ID, Modifier, Reserved, Scan Code 1, Scan Code 2, Scan Code 3, Scan Code 4, Scan Code 5, Scan Code 6])
// Example for pressing 'A' with Left Shift:
// POKE8(addr, 9, [1, 2, 0, 30, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]) // Modifier bit 1 (Left Shift) is 2
// HIDTX(addr)
// delay(10-20ms)
// POKE8(addr, 9, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]) // Release keys
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Random Integer

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Generates a random integer within a specified inclusive range using the RANDINT function. The result is stored in a variable.

```General
VAR value = RANDINT(0, 1000)
```

--------------------------------

### Switch Status Bitfield Read

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Reads the reserved variable _SW_BITFIELD, which returns immediately with a bitfield representing the status of all keys. Each bit corresponds to a key's pressed state.

```General
// Check if key with ID 5 is pressed:
// IF (_SW_BITFIELD & (1 << 4)) != 0
//     // Key 5 is pressed
// END_IF
```

--------------------------------

### Perform Unsigned Operations

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Built-in functions for performing unsigned arithmetic and bitwise operations on variables. These functions handle unsigned comparisons, division, modulo, and logical right shifts.

```duckyPad Script
ULT(lhs, rhs)
ULTE(lhs, rhs)
UGT(lhs, rhs)
UGTE(lhs, rhs)
UDIV(val, n)
UMOD(val, n)
LSR(val, n)
```

--------------------------------

### Conditional Execution

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Implements conditional logic using IF, ELSE IF, and ELSE blocks. Code within these blocks executes based on the evaluation of the provided expression.

```duckyPad Script
VAR temp = 25

IF temp > 30
    STRING It's very hot!
ELSE IF temp > 18
    STRING It's a pleasant day.
ELSE
    STRING It's quite chilly!
END_IF
```

--------------------------------

### Clear Keypress Event Queue

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Clears the internal keypress event queue using the BCLR command. This is useful at the end of scripts or before reading button status to ensure only new presses are registered.

```General
BCLR
```

--------------------------------

### Non-Blocking Key Read

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Reads the reserved variable _READKEY, which returns immediately with the pressed key's ID or 0 if no key is pressed. This is typically used in a loop for continuous monitoring.

```General
WHILE TRUE
    VAR this_key = _READKEY
    IF this_key == 1
        // handling button press
    END_IF

    // otherwise do work here
END_WHILE
```

--------------------------------

### Blocking Key Read

Source: https://dekunukem.github.io/duckyPad-Pro/doc/duckyscript_info.html

Reads the reserved variable _BLOCKING_READKEY, which pauses script execution until a key is pressed. The pressed key's ID is then stored.

```General
VAR this_key = _BLOCKING_READKEY
// Blocks here until a key is pressed

IF this_key == 1
    // do something here
ELSE IF this_key == 2
    // do something else
END_IF
```

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