### Enable and Start nscd Daemon on FreeBSD

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-only/readme.md

These commands enable and start the name service cache daemon (nscd) on FreeBSD. Enabling it ensures it starts on boot, and starting it provides immediate functionality. This is often a prerequisite for proper DNS caching.

```sh
sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
sudo service nscd start
```

--------------------------------

### Example of blocking domains in hosts file (Text)

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-only/readme.md

This example demonstrates how to block specific domains by adding entries to a hosts file. Each entry maps a domain to the IP address 0.0.0.0, effectively nullifying requests to those domains. This method is preferred over 127.0.0.1 for performance and compatibility reasons.

```text
# block doubleClick's servers
0.0.0.0 ad.ae.doubleclick.net
0.0.0.0 ad.ar.doubleclick.net
0.0.0.0 ad.at.doubleclick.net
0.0.0.0 ad.au.doubleclick.net
0.0.0.0 ad.be.doubleclick.net
# etc...
```

--------------------------------

### Run updateHostsFile.py with Extensions and Backup

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-only/readme.md

This example shows how to include specific host file extensions and create a backup of the original hosts file. The '--extensions' flag specifies which additional host files to merge, and '--backup' creates a copy before overwriting.

```sh
python3 updateHostsFile.py --extensions porn social --backup
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dependencies for Hosts File Generation

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-only/readme.md

This command installs the necessary Python dependencies for the 'updateHostsFile.py' script using pip3. The '--user' flag is recommended to install packages at the user level, avoiding potential conflicts with system-wide packages.

```bash
pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt
```

--------------------------------

### Run updateHostsFile.py to Skip Static Hosts and Compress Output

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-only/readme.md

This example demonstrates generating a hosts file while skipping the standard static hosts section and applying compression. '--skipstatichosts' is useful for specific network configurations, and '--compress' reduces file size by removing comments and empty lines.

```sh
python3 updateHostsFile.py --skipstatichosts --compress
```

--------------------------------

### Install Bind9 DNS Server on Debian/Raspbian/Ubuntu

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/wiki/Bind-DNS-Server

Installs the Bind9 DNS server package, which is required to serve DNS queries and block hosts.

```bash
sudo apt install bind9
```

--------------------------------

### Run updateHostsFile.py with Minimise Output and Whitelist

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-only/readme.md

This example shows how to generate a hosts file in a minimized format, where each domain is on a separate line, and apply a whitelist to exclude certain entries. '--minimise' is useful for URL blockers, and '--whitelist' filters the output.

```sh
python3 updateHostsFile.py --minimise --whitelist my_whitelist.txt
```

--------------------------------

### Prepare and Execute Zonefile Generation Script

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/wiki/Bind-DNS-Server

Downloads the `generate-zonefile.sh` script, makes it executable, and then runs it to create the actual zonefile used by Bind9. Users need to uncomment a URL within the script to specify the hosts list source.

```bash
wget [URL_TO_GENERATE-ZONEFILE.SH]
chmod +x generate-zonefile.sh
./generate-zonefile.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Start DNS Clean Service on Linux Mint

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-only/readme.md

This command starts the DNS clean service on Linux Mint to refresh DNS entries. It requires root privileges and should be executed in a terminal.

```sh
sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start
```

--------------------------------

### NixOS Configuration for hosts file (Nix)

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-only/readme.md

This Nix configuration snippet shows how to include the StevenBlack hosts file in a NixOS system. It uses `builtins.fetchurl` to download the hosts file from a specified URL and adds its content to `networking.extraHosts`. Note that `fetchurl` is impure; for reproducible builds, `fetchFromGitHub` with a specific commit is recommended.

```nix
{
  networking.extraHosts = let
    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
}
```

--------------------------------

### Example of Blocking Domains with hosts File

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md

This example demonstrates how to block specific subdomains of `doubleclick.net` by mapping them to `0.0.0.0`. This entry in the hosts file directs traffic intended for these domains to a non-existent address, effectively blocking them.

```text
# block doubleClick's servers
0.0.0.0 ad.ae.doubleclick.net
0.0.0.0 ad.ar.doubleclick.net
0.0.0.0 ad.at.doubleclick.net
0.0.0.0 ad.au.doubleclick.net
0.0.0.0 ad.be.doubleclick.net
```

--------------------------------

### Run updateHostsFile.py with Blacklist and Custom IP

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-only/readme.md

This example demonstrates adding a blacklist file to the generated hosts file and specifying a custom IP address. '--blacklist' appends entries from a specified file, and '--ip' sets the target IP for all hosts.

```sh
python3 updateHostsFile.py --blacklist my_blacklist.txt --ip 127.0.0.1
```

--------------------------------

### Run updateHostsFile.py with Auto Update and Replace

Source: https://github.com/stevenblack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-only/readme.md

This example demonstrates running the update script with the '--auto' and '--replace' flags. '--auto' enables automatic updates of host data sources without prompting, and '--replace' ensures that the generated hosts file overwrites the existing one.

```sh
python3 updateHostsFile.py --auto --replace
```