### Installation via Composer

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Shows how to install the phpoption package using Composer.

```bash
$ composer require phpoption/phpoption
```

--------------------------------

### Case 1: Always require an entity

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Example of getting an entity from an Option, which throws an exception if the Option is None.

```php
$entity = $repo->findSomeEntity(...)->get(); // returns entity, or throws exception
```

--------------------------------

### Case 2: Fallback to default value

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Example of getting an entity from an Option, providing a default value if the Option is None.

```php
$entity = $repo->findSomeEntity(...)->getOrElse(new Entity());

// Or, if you want to lazily create the entity.
$entity = $repo->findSomeEntity(...)->getOrCall(function() {
    return new Entity();
});
```

--------------------------------

### Using the Option Type in your API

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates how to return an Option type from a repository method, using Some and None.

```php
class MyRepository
{
    public function findSomeEntity($criteria): \PhpOption\Option
    {
        if (null !== $entity = $this->em->find(...)) {
            return new \PhpOption\Some($entity);
        }

        // We use a singleton, for the None case.
        return \PhpOption\None::create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Using Option::fromValue for null handling

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Shows a shorter way to create an Option, where null is treated as None by default.

```php
class MyRepository
{
    public function findSomeEntity($criteria): \PhpOption\Option
    {
        return \PhpOption\Option::fromValue($this->em->find(...));

        // or, if you want to change the none value to false for example:
        return \PhpOption\Option::fromValue($this->em->find(...), false);
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Trying Multiple Alternative Options

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates using orElse to chain multiple Option-returning calls, returning the first non-empty one.

```php
return $this->findSomeEntity()
    ->orElse($this->findSomeOtherEntity())
    ->orElse($this->createEntity());
```

--------------------------------

### Lazy-Evaluated Options

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates how to use LazyOption to defer the evaluation of options until they are actually needed, preventing unnecessary overhead.

```php
return $this->findSomeEntity()
    ->orElse(new LazyOption(array($this, 'findSomeOtherEntity')))
    ->orElse(new LazyOption(array($this, 'createEntity')));

```

--------------------------------

### More Concise Null Handling

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Compares traditional null checks returning a default value with the Option type's getOrElse method.

```php
// Before
$entity = $this->findSomeEntity();
if (null === $entity) {
    return new Entity();
}

return $entity;

// After
return $this->findSomeEntity()->getOrElse(new Entity());
```

--------------------------------

### No More Control Flow Exceptions

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Compares traditional try-catch blocks for exceptions with the Option type's getOrElse method.

```php
// Before
try {
    $entity = $this->findSomeEntity();
} catch (NotFoundException $ex) {
    $entity = new Entity();
}

// After
$entity = $this->findSomeEntity()->getOrElse(new Entity());
```

--------------------------------

### No More Boiler Plate Code

Source: https://github.com/schmittjoh/php-option/blob/master/README.md

Compares traditional null checking with the concise Option type usage.

```php
// Before
$entity = $this->findSomeEntity();
if (null === $entity) {
    throw new NotFoundException();
}
echo $entity->name;

// After
echo $this->findSomeEntity()->get()->name;
```

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