### Compile and Install rkdeveloptool

Source: https://github.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/blob/master/Readme.txt

Steps to compile and install the rkdeveloptool from source after installing dependencies.

```bash
./autogen.sh
./configure
make
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dependencies and Build rkdeveloptool

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Installs necessary development libraries and builds the rkdeveloptool from source on Debian/Ubuntu systems. Includes steps for installing the udev rule for non-root access.

```bash
sudo apt-get install libudev-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev dh-autoreconf

./autogen.sh
./configure
make

sudo cp 99-rk-rockusb.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/
sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
```

--------------------------------

### Install Dependencies for rkdeveloptool

Source: https://github.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/blob/master/Readme.txt

Install necessary development libraries for compiling rkdeveloptool on Debian/Ubuntu-based systems.

```bash
sudo apt-get install libudev-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev dh-autoreconf
```

--------------------------------

### Install pkg-config and libusb-1.0 for Compilation

Source: https://github.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/blob/master/Readme.txt

Install required packages to resolve compilation errors related to PKG_CHECK_MODULES and libusb-1.0.

```bash
sudo apt-get install pkg-config libusb-1.0
```

--------------------------------

### Write GUID Partition Table

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Writes a GUID Partition Table (GPT) to the device. Accepts either a pre-built GPT image file or a Rockchip parameter file to generate the GPT. Adjusts disk size fields to match flash capacity.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool gpt parameter_gpt.txt
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool gpt gpt.img
```

--------------------------------

### Download Kernel Image to Rockchip Device

Source: https://github.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/blob/master/Readme.txt

Example of downloading a kernel image to a Rockchip device using rkdeveloptool. This involves downloading a loader, writing the kernel image to a specific partition, and then resetting the device.

```bash
sudo ./rkdeveloptool db RKXXLoader.bin
```

```bash
sudo ./rkdeveloptool wl 0x8000 kernel.img
```

```bash
sudo ./rkdeveloptool rd
```

--------------------------------

### Show rkdeveloptool Help and Version

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Displays the built-in help menu or the current version of the rkdeveloptool. Requires a connected RockUSB device.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool -h
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool -v
```

--------------------------------

### Print Partition Table with rkdeveloptool ppt

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Reads and prints the partition table from the device, attempting GPT first and falling back to Rockchip parameter-based format.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ppt
# Output (GPT example):
# **********Partition Info(GPT)**********
# NO  LBA       Name
# 00  00000040  loader1
# 01  00002000  reserved1
# 02  00004000  loader2
# 03  00008000  boot
# 04  00040000  rootfs
```

--------------------------------

### Test Device Communication with rkdeveloptool td

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Sends a TEST_UNIT_READY command to verify that USB communication with the device is functioning correctly.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool td
# Output: Test Device OK.
```

--------------------------------

### rkdeveloptool Commands

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Common commands for flashing firmware and managing partitions on Rockchip devices.

```APIDOC
## rkdeveloptool Commands

This section outlines the primary commands available in the `rkdeveloptool` for interacting with Rockchip devices.

### Download USB plug / DDR init to device SDRAM
```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool db <loader_bin_file>
```

### Write the full loader to flash (IDB block at LBA 64)
```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ul <loader_bin_file>
```

### Write the GPT partition table
```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool gpt <parameter_gpt_file>
```

### Flash individual partition images by name
```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool wlx <partition_name> <image_file>
```

### Verify partition table was written correctly
```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ppt
```

### Reset the device to boot into the new firmware
```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool rd
```

### Erase flash (requires Loader mode)
```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ef
```
```

--------------------------------

### Pack Boot Loader with rkdeveloptool pack

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Merges DDR init, USB plug, and U-Boot loader binaries into a single signed RockBoot .bin file, using settings from config.ini. The output file includes a CRC32 checksum trailer.

```bash
# config.ini must be present in the working directory
sudo rkdeveloptool pack
# Output:
# Starting to parse...
# chip: RK320A
# Writing header...
# Writing loader...
# Writing crc...
# Done.
```

--------------------------------

### rkdeveloptool Commands for Firmware Flashing

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Sequence of rkdeveloptool commands for flashing firmware onto a device, from downloading the loader to resetting the device.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool db RK3399MiniLoaderAll_V1.30.bin
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ul RK3399MiniLoaderAll_V1.30.bin
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool gpt parameter_gpt.txt
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool wlx boot boot.img
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool wlx rootfs rootfs.ext4.img
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ppt
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool rd
```

--------------------------------

### Tag U-Boot SPL with rkdeveloptool tagspl

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Prepends a binary tag string to a U-Boot SPL file and writes the result to a new file with a .tag extension. This is used to embed platform-identification markers.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool tagspl RK3399 u-boot-spl.bin
# Writes: u-boot-spl.bin.tag  (with "RK3399" prepended)
# Output: done
```

--------------------------------

### Download Bootloader Stub

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Downloads a bootloader stub (USB plug) into the device's SDRAM via Maskrom USB. This is a prerequisite for most flashing operations.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool db RK3399MiniLoaderAll_V1.30.bin
```

--------------------------------

### Write Image to Partition by Name

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Writes a binary image to a partition identified by its name. The tool automatically finds the partition's LBA from the GPT or parameter table. Supports sparse and UBIFS images.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool wlx boot kernel.img
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool wlx rootfs rootfs.ext4.img
```

--------------------------------

### Upgrade On-Flash Bootloader

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Writes a new bootloader (IDB block) to the device's flash memory at LBA sector 64. Supports legacy and newer bootloader formats and handles RC4 encryption.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ul RK3399MiniLoaderAll_V1.30.bin
```

--------------------------------

### Change Storage with rkdeveloptool cs

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Switches the active storage medium on devices that support multiple storage targets, using specific codes for eMMC, SD card, or SPI NOR flash.

```bash
# Switch to eMMC (storage code 1)
sudo rkdeveloptool cs 1

# Switch to SD card (storage code 2)
sudo rkdeveloptool cs 2

# Switch to SPI NOR flash (storage code 9)
sudo rkdeveloptool cs 9
# Output: Change Storage OK.
```

--------------------------------

### Reset Device with rkdeveloptool rd

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Sends a device-reset command. Accepts an optional subcode to select the reset type, such as normal reset, power off, or reset to Maskrom mode.

```bash
# Normal reset (re-enumerates as Loader/MSC)
sudo rkdeveloptool rd

# Reset to Maskrom mode (subcode 3)
sudo rkdeveloptool rd 3

# Power off the device (subcode 2)
sudo rkdeveloptool rd 2
```

--------------------------------

### Write Parameter with rkdeveloptool prm

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Writes a Rockchip parameter file to the legacy parameter area. The file must be prefixed with a specific magic header and CRC32 trailer.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool prm parameter.txt
# Output:
# Writing parameter...
# Writing parameter succeeded.
```

--------------------------------

### List Connected Rockchip USB Devices

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Lists all connected Rockchip USB devices recognized by the rkdeveloptool, showing their device number, vendor/product IDs, and mode (Maskrom or Loader).

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ld
```

--------------------------------

### Unpack Boot Loader with rkdeveloptool unpack

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Extracts embedded entries (DDR init, USB plug, loader binaries) from a RockBoot .bin file. Each entry is decrypted with RC4 before being written to the current directory.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool unpack RK3399MiniLoaderAll_V1.30.bin
# Output:
# 471 num:1, 472 num:1, loader num:2
# entry num: 4
# unpacking entry (rk3399_ddr_400MHz)
# unpacking entry (rk3399_usbplug)
# unpacking entry (FlashData)
# unpacking entry (FlashBoot)
# done
```

--------------------------------

### CRKUsbComm: Low-Level USB Communication Class

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

C++ class for raw libusb operations, using bulk-transfer endpoints with CBW/CSW framing. Instantiate with a device handle and log object.

```cpp
CRKUsbComm *pComm = new CRKUsbComm(dev, g_pLogObject, bRet);
if (!bRet) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open USB device\n");
    return false;
}

// Read 34 sectors (GPT area) starting at LBA 0
u8 buf[34 * 512];
int ret = pComm->RKU_ReadLBA(0, 34, buf);
if (ret != ERR_SUCCESS) {
    fprintf(stderr, "RKU_ReadLBA failed: %d\n", ret);
}

// Write 128 sectors from a buffer to LBA 0x8000
u8 writeBuf[128 * 512] = { /* image data */ };
ret = pComm->RKU_WriteLBA(0x8000, 128, writeBuf);

// Read 5-byte flash chip ID
u8 flashId[5];
pComm->RKU_ReadFlashID(flashId);
printf("Flash ID: %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X\n",
    flashId[0], flashId[1], flashId[2], flashId[3], flashId[4]);

// Reset the device to Maskrom mode
pComm->RKU_ResetDevice(RST_RESETMASKROM_SUBCODE);

delete pComm;
```

--------------------------------

### Detect Device in Maskrom Mode with rkdeveloptool ld

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Verifies if the device is detected in Maskrom mode, typically after holding the RECOVERY/MASKROM button and connecting USB.

```bash
# 1. Hold RECOVERY/MASKROM button and connect USB
#    Verify device is detected in Maskrom mode
sudo rkdeveloptool ld
```

--------------------------------

### CRKScan: Rockchip Device Discovery

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

C++ class to enumerate connected Rockchip USB devices and classify them as Maskrom or Loader type. Use SetVidPid() to load default VID/PID.

```cpp
CRKScan *pScan = new CRKScan();
pScan->SetVidPid(); // load default VID/PID table

// Search for Maskrom and Loader devices
int cnt = pScan->Search(RKUSB_MASKROM | RKUSB_LOADER);
printf("Found %d device(s)\n", cnt);

STRUCT_RKDEVICE_DESC dev;
if (pScan->GetDevice(dev, 0)) {
    printf("VID=0x%04X PID=0x%04X Type=%s\n",
        dev.usVid, dev.usPid,
        dev.emUsbType == RKUSB_MASKROM ? "Maskrom" : "Loader");
}

// Wait up to 20 seconds for a device to re-enumerate as Maskrom
pScan->Wait(dev, RKUSB_MASKROM, dev.usVid, dev.usPid);

delete pScan;
```

--------------------------------

### Read Detailed Flash Info with rkdeveloptool rfi

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Reads detailed information about the flash chip, including manufacturer, size, sector count, block size, page size, and ECC bits.

```bash
# Read detailed flash info
sudo rkdeveloptool rfi
# Output:
# Flash Info:
#   Manufacturer: Samsung, value=EC
#   Flash Size: 7452 MB
#   Flash Size: 15253504 Sectors
#   Block Size: 512 KB
#   Page Size: 2 KB
#   ECC Bits: 24
```

--------------------------------

### Read Chip Info Buffer with rkdeveloptool rci

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Reads the 16-byte chip info buffer from the device.

```bash
# Read the 16-byte chip info buffer
sudo rkdeveloptool rci
# Output: Chip Info: 33 39 39 38 ...
```

--------------------------------

### Read Capability Flags with rkdeveloptool rcb

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Reads capability flags, indicating features like Direct LBA, Vendor Storage, and New IDB support.

```bash
# Read capability flags (Direct LBA, Vendor Storage, New IDB, etc.)
sudo rkdeveloptool rcb
# Output:
# Capability: 0F 03 00 00 00 00 00 00
# Direct LBA:     enabled
# Vendor Storage: enabled
# New IDB:        enabled
```

--------------------------------

### Read LBA Sectors from Flash

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Reads a specified number of LBA sectors from the device's flash memory and saves them to a local file. Progress is shown as a percentage.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool rl 0x8000 0x2000 backup.img
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool rl 0 34 gpt_dump.bin
```

--------------------------------

### Write Raw Image to LBA Sector

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Writes a binary image to a specified LBA sector in the device's flash. Handles sparse Android images and pre-erases UBIFS images.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool wl 0x8000 boot.img
```

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool wl 0x40000 system.img
```

--------------------------------

### CRKScan Class

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Device discovery class for enumerating and classifying connected Rockchip USB devices.

```APIDOC
## CRKScan

`CRKScan` enumerates connected Rockchip USB devices using libusb and classifies them as Maskrom or Loader type.

### Methods

- **SetVidPid()**: Loads the default VID/PID table.

- **Search(device_types)**: Searches for connected devices of specified types.
  - `device_types` (int): Bitmask of device types to search for (e.g., `RKUSB_MASKROM | RKUSB_LOADER`).
  - Returns the number of devices found.

- **GetDevice(dev_desc, index)**: Retrieves the description of a device at a given index.
  - `dev_desc` (STRUCT_RKDEVICE_DESC&): Reference to a structure to populate with device details.
  - `index` (int): The index of the device to retrieve.
  - Returns `true` if successful, `false` otherwise.

- **Wait(dev_desc, device_type, vid, pid, timeout)**: Waits for a device to re-enumerate as a specific type.
  - `dev_desc` (STRUCT_RKDEVICE_DESC&): Reference to a structure to populate with device details.
  - `device_type` (int): The target device type (e.g., `RKUSB_MASKROM`).
  - `vid` (int): Vendor ID.
  - `pid` (int): Product ID.
  - `timeout` (int, optional): Maximum time to wait in seconds.

### Device Types

- `RKUSB_MASKROM`
- `RKUSB_LOADER`
```

--------------------------------

### CRKUsbComm Class

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Low-level USB communication class wrapping libusb operations for Rockchip devices.

```APIDOC
## CRKUsbComm

`CRKUsbComm` is the C++ class that wraps all raw libusb operations. It implements the `CRKComm` interface and is instantiated internally by every high-level command. It uses bulk-transfer endpoints with CBW/CSW framing.

### Methods

- **RKU_ReadLBA(start_lba, num_sectors, buffer)**: Reads data from the device's storage.
  - `start_lba` (int): The starting Logical Block Address.
  - `num_sectors` (int): The number of sectors to read.
  - `buffer` (u8*): Pointer to the buffer where data will be stored.
  - Returns `ERR_SUCCESS` on success, or an error code on failure.

- **RKU_WriteLBA(start_lba, num_sectors, buffer)**: Writes data to the device's storage.
  - `start_lba` (int): The starting Logical Block Address.
  - `num_sectors` (int): The number of sectors to write.
  - `buffer` (u8*): Pointer to the buffer containing data to write.
  - Returns `ERR_SUCCESS` on success, or an error code on failure.

- **RKU_ReadFlashID(buffer)**: Reads the flash chip ID.
  - `buffer` (u8*): Pointer to a buffer to store the 5-byte flash ID.

- **RKU_ResetDevice(subcode)**: Resets the device.
  - `subcode` (int): Specifies the reset type, e.g., `RST_RESETMASKROM_SUBCODE`.

### Error Codes

| Code | Meaning |
|------|---------|
| `0` (`ERR_SUCCESS`) | Operation succeeded |
| `-1` | Device open failed |
| `-3` | USB write failed |
| `-4` | USB read failed |
| `-6` | Device not ready |
| `-7` | Bad block found |
| `-10` | Device does not support operation |
```

--------------------------------

### Erase Flash with rkdeveloptool ef

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Erases all blocks on the connected flash device. This command iterates block-by-block or uses specific eMMC erase commands and waits for the device to re-enumerate in Maskrom mode.

```bash
sudo rkdeveloptool ef
# Output:
# Starting to erase flash...
# Erase Flash total 65536, current 65536
# Erasing flash complete.
```

--------------------------------

### Read Flash Chip ID with rkdeveloptool rid

Source: https://context7.com/rockchip-linux/rkdeveloptool/llms.txt

Reads the NAND/eMMC flash chip ID, which is typically 5 bytes long.

```bash
# Read the NAND/eMMC flash chip ID (5 bytes)
sudo rkdeveloptool rid
# Output: Flash ID: EC D3 84 72 57
```

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