### Run D-Bus Service Example

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Execute the vedbusservice_example.py script to demonstrate publishing data on the D-Bus. This example shows how to export a service and its associated data.

```bash
matthijs@matthijs-VirtualBox:~/dev/velib_python/examples$ python vedbusservice_example.py 
vedbusservice_example.py starting up
/Position value is 5
/Position value is now 10
```

--------------------------------

### Enum with `start` Value

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how to use the `start` parameter to specify the starting value for the first enum member.

```python
--> class Count(Enum, start=11):
...     eleven
...     twelve
...
--> Count.twelve.value == 12
True
```

--------------------------------

### Install dbus-serialbattery GUIv2 Web Version

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery_gui-v2/README.md

Run this script to install the web version of the dbus-serialbattery GUIv2. Ensure you select the correct Venus OS version if downloading manually.

```bash
wget -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery_gui-v2/master/install-new-webgui.sh | bash
```

--------------------------------

### Install overlay-fs Script

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/venus-os_overlay-fs/README.md

These commands download and execute the installation script for overlay-fs. Ensure you have root access via SSH to your Venus OS device before running.

```bash
wget -O /tmp/install_overlay-fs.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_overlay-fs/master/install.sh

bash /tmp/install_overlay-fs.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Example Modbus RTU FC 0x03 Read for Device Info Registers

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/bms-docs/JKBMS-PB.md

Example of reading 10 device information registers (starting from 0x1400) using Modbus RTU FC 0x03. The response contains device identification strings.

```text
01 03 1400 000A crc
→ response 01 03 14 4a4b5f504232... —
  10 about registers ("JK_PB2A16S20P...15A")
```

--------------------------------

### Auto-Numbering Enum with Start

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates using `start=1` to enable auto-numbering for enum members. This assigns sequential numbers starting from the specified value.

```python
>>> class Color(Enum, start=1):                # doctest: +SKIP
...     red, green, blue
...
>>> Color.blue
<Color.blue: 3>
```

--------------------------------

### Planet Enum Example

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Illustrates the Planet enumeration, showing how values are passed to __new__ or __init__ methods if they are defined within the enumeration class.

```python
class Planet(Enum):

```

--------------------------------

### Flag Enumeration Example

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates the basic usage of Flag enumerations, including bitwise operations and boolean evaluation.

```python
>>> from aenum import Flag, auto
>>> class Color(Flag):
...     RED = auto()
...     BLUE = auto()
...     GREEN = auto()
...
>>> Color.RED & Color.GREEN
<Color: 0>
>>> bool(Color.RED & Color.GREEN)
False
```

--------------------------------

### Configure and Enable Daly CAN Simulator

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/test/README.md

Add the virtual CAN port to the configuration file and run the enable script to start the simulator as a service. This method is suitable for persistent configurations.

```ini
CAN_PORT = vcan0
BATTERY_ADDRESSES = 
BMS_TYPE = Daly_Can
```

```bash
./enable.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Run Daly CAN Simulator Manually

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/test/README.md

Execute the Python script directly to start the simulator on the specified virtual CAN port. Ensure you are in the correct directory.

```bash
cd /data/apps/dbus-serialbattery
./dbus-serialbattery.py vcan0
```

--------------------------------

### extend_enum Example

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Illustrates how to add new members to an Enum after its initial creation using the 'extend_enum' function.

```python
>>> from aenum import extend_enum
>>> class Color(Enum):
...
```

--------------------------------

### Custom Enum Subclass Example

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how to create a custom Enum subclass by mixing in other types, like 'int'.

```python
    class MyIntEnum(int, Enum):
        pass
```

--------------------------------

### Example Modbus RTU FC 0x03 Read for Status Registers

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/bms-docs/JKBMS-PB.md

Example of reading 10 status registers (starting from 0x1200) using Modbus RTU FC 0x03. The response contains cell voltages in mV.

```text
01 03 1200 000A crc
→ response 01 03 14 0d0d 0d0e 0d0d... —
  10 status registers (cell voltages in mV, big-endian)
```

--------------------------------

### Planet Enum Example

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Defines an Enum for planets with mass and radius, including a computed surface gravity property. Accessing enum values and properties is demonstrated.

```python
MERCURY = (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6)
VENUS   = (4.869e+24, 6.0518e6)
EARTH   = (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6)
MARS    = (6.421e+23, 3.3972e6)
JUPITER = (1.9e+27,   7.1492e7)
SATURN  = (5.688e+26, 6.0268e7)
URANUS  = (8.686e+25, 2.5559e7)
NEPTUNE = (1.024e+26, 2.4746e7)
def __init__(self, mass, radius):
    self.mass = mass       # in kilograms
    self.radius = radius   # in meters
@property
def surface_gravity(self):
    # universal gravitational constant  (m3 kg-1 s-2)
    G = 6.67300E-11
    return G * self.mass / (self.radius * self.radius)
```

```python
Planet.EARTH.value
```

```python
Planet.EARTH.surface_gravity
```

--------------------------------

### Example Modbus RTU FC 0x03 Read with Address Filtering

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/bms-docs/JKBMS-PB.md

Demonstrates Modbus RTU FC 0x03 read targeting address 0x04, confirming address filtering works as expected.

```text
04 03 1200 000A crc
→ response from addr 0x04, cells=[3341,3341,...]
  (correct address filtering confirmed)
```

--------------------------------

### AutoNumber Enumeration Example

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates the AutoNumber enumeration, which automatically assigns sequential integer values to members without explicit assignment. This is useful for simple counters.

```python
class AutoNumber(Enum):
    def __new__(cls):
        value = len(cls.__members__) + 1
        obj = object.__new__(cls)
        obj._value_ = value
        return obj

```

```python
class Color(AutoNumber):
    _order_ = "red green blue"  # only needed in 2.x
    red = ()
    green = ()
    blue = ()

```

```python
Color.green.value == 2
```

--------------------------------

### Inspect a Specific D-Bus Service

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Get a detailed list of object paths exported by a specific D-Bus service. This helps in understanding the structure and available data within a service.

```bash
matthijs@matthijs-VirtualBox:~/dev/velib_python/examples$ dbus com.victronenergy.example
/
/Float
/Int
/NegativeInt
/Position
/RPM
/String
```

--------------------------------

### Defining Custom Behavior in Enums

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Enums can have methods and special methods. This example shows a describe method and a class method favorite_mood.

```python
>>> class Mood(Enum):
...   funky = 1
...   happy = 3
...
...   def describe(self):
...     # self is the member here
...     return self.name, self.value
...
...   def __str__(self):
...     return 'my custom str! {0}'.format(self.value)
...
...   @classmethod
...   def favorite_mood(cls):
...     # cls here is the enumeration
...     return cls.happy
...
```

```python
>>> Mood.favorite_mood()
<Mood.happy: 3>
>>> Mood.happy.describe()
('happy', 3)
>>> str(Mood.funky)
'my custom str! 1'
```

--------------------------------

### Modify D-Bus Service Value

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Change the value of a D-Bus item from the command line using dbus-send. This example demonstrates setting the /RPM value, with feedback on acceptance.

```bash
dbus-send --print-reply --dest=com.victronenergy.example /RPM com.victronenergy.BusItem.SetValue int32:1200
```

--------------------------------

### Enable Overlay Filesystem Mount

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/venus-os_overlay-fs/README.md

Execute this command to enable the overlay-fs mount on boot. It will mount all configured overlays, making your persistent changes active.

```bash
bash /data/etc/overlay-fs/enable.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize standalone_serialbattery

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/standalone_README.md

Import the library and create an instance of the standalone_serialbattery class. Specify the device path, driver option, Bluetooth address (if applicable), and log level.

```python
from standalone_serialbattery import *

sasb = standalone_serialbattery(DEVPATH, 0, "", LOGLEVEL)
```

--------------------------------

### Enum Helper for Initialization

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates using the 'enum' helper to initialize Enum members with multiple values using keyword arguments.

```python
>>> from aenum import enum
>>> class Presidents(Enum):
...     Washington = enum('George Washington', circa=1776, death=1797)
...     Jackson = enum('Andrew Jackson', circa=1830, death=1837)
...     Lincoln = enum('Abraham Lincoln', circa=1860, death=1865)
...
>>> Presidents.Lincoln
<Presidents.Lincoln: enum('Abraham Lincoln', circa=1860, death=1865)>
```

--------------------------------

### Enum Initialization with `_init_` (Python 2)

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how to use `_init_ = 'db user'` in Python 2 for enum initialization, similar to the `init` keyword argument in Python 3.

```python
>>> from aenum import Enum
>>> class SelectionEnum(Enum):
...     _init_ = 'db user'
...     def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
...         count = len(cls.__members__)
...         obj = object.__new__(cls)
...         obj._count = count
...         obj._value_ = args
...         return obj
...     @staticmethod
...     def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, values, *args, **kwds):
...         return (name, ) + args
...
>>> class NotificationType(SelectionEnum):
...     # usually, name is the same as db
...     # but not for blanks
...     blank = '', ''
...     C = 'Catalog'
...     S = 'Sheet'
...     B = 'Both'
...
>>> NotificationType.blank
<NotificationType.blank: ('', '')>
>>> NotificationType.B
<NotificationType.B: ('B', 'Both')>
>>> NotificationType.B.db
'B'
>>> NotificationType.B.user
'Both'
```

--------------------------------

### Add App-Directory Combination for Overlay

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/venus-os_overlay-fs/README.md

Use this command to specify a directory that should be overlaid for a particular app. This ensures changes to the directory are isolated to that app's overlay.

```bash
bash /data/apps/overlay-fs/add-app-and-directory.sh <app-name> <directory-path>
```

```bash
bash /data/apps/overlay-fs/add-app-and-directory.sh custom-web-app /var/www/venus
```

--------------------------------

### Enum with `init` for Attribute Initialization

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates using the `init` parameter to specify attribute names for storing creation values.

```python
--> class Planet(Enum, init='mass radius'):
...     MERCURY = (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6)
...     EARTH   = (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6)
...
--> Planet.EARTH.value
(5.976e+24, 6378140.0)
--> Planet.EARTH.radius
2.4397e6
```

--------------------------------

### Dynamic Enum Creation with Settings

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates dynamic creation of an Enum class using `vars()` and applying settings like `NoAlias` and `_init_` for custom initialization. The `_ignore_` attribute prevents specified names from appearing in the final enumeration.

```python
from datetime import timedelta
from aenum import NoAlias
class Period(timedelta, Enum):
    '''
    different lengths of time
    '''
    _init_ = 'value period'
    _settings_ = NoAlias
    _ignore_ = 'Period i'
    Period = vars()
    for i in range(31):
        Period['day_%d' % i] = i, 'day'
    for i in range(15):
        Period['week_%d' % i] = i*7, 'week'
```

```python
hasattr(Period, '_ignore_')
```

```python
hasattr(Period, 'Period')
```

```python
hasattr(Period, 'i')
```

--------------------------------

### Enum Initialization with `init`

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates using `init='mass radius'` to automatically create an `__init__` method that assigns the provided arguments to instance attributes. This is useful for enums where members have associated data.

```python
>>> from aenum import Enum, constant, init
>>> class Planet(Enum, init='mass radius'):      # doctest: +SKIP
...     MERCURY = (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6)
...     EARTH   = (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6)
...     JUPITER = (1.9e+27,   7.1492e7)
...     URANUS  = (8.686e+25, 2.5559e7)
...     G = constant(6.67300E-11)
...     @property
...     def surface_gravity(self):
...         # universal gravitational constant  (m3 kg-1 s-2)
...         return self.G * self.mass / (self.radius * self.radius)
...
>>> Planet.JUPITER.value
(1.9e+27, 71492000.0)
>>> Planet.JUPITER.mass
1.9e+27
```

--------------------------------

### Get D-Bus Item Value

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Retrieve the current value of a specific D-Bus item using the 'GetValue' method. This is useful for inspecting data exported by services.

```bash
matthijs@matthijs-VirtualBox:~/dev/velib_python/examples$ dbus com.victronenergy.example /RPM GetValue
100
```

--------------------------------

### Advanced Enum Class Syntax with Settings

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates advanced class syntax for creating enums with settings like `AddValue`, `MultiValue`, `NoAlias`, and `Unique`.

```python
--> class Color(
...         Enum,
...         settings=(AddValue, MultiValue, NoAlias, Unique),
...         init='field_name1 field_name2 ...',
...         start=7,
...         )
...
```

--------------------------------

### List Available D-Bus Services

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Query the D-Bus system to list all active services. This command helps in identifying available services and their names.

```bash
matthijs@matthijs-VirtualBox:~/dev/velib_python/examples$ dbus
org.freedesktop.DBus
org.freedesktop.PowerManagement
com.victronenergy.example
org.xfce.Terminal5
org.xfce.Xfconf
[and many more services in which we are not interested]
```

--------------------------------

### Create Enum with Functional API

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Use the Enum class as a function to create enumerations. The second argument can be a whitespace-separated string of names, a sequence of names, a sequence of 2-tuples, or a mapping. Values are auto-assigned integers starting from 1 unless specified.

```python
>>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ant bee cat dog')
>>> Animal
<aenum 'Animal'>
>>> Animal.ant
<Animal.ant: 1>
>>> Animal.ant.value
1
>>> list(Animal)
[<Animal.ant: 1>, <Animal.bee: 2>, <Animal.cat: 3>, <Animal.dog: 4>]
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Custom Serial Port with Socat

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/bms-docs/JKBMS-PB.md

Use this script to set up a custom serial port (e.g., via a network bridge) for the dbus-serialbattery driver. It creates a PTY, registers a service entry, and ensures persistence across reboots.

```shell
# 1. Create the PTY (example: Waveshare RS485↔TCP server at <host>:<port>)
socat -d pty,link=/dev/ttyV0,raw,echo=0,b115200,user=root,group=dialout,mode=0660 \
      tcp:<host>:<port> &

# 2. Create a permanent service entry under /data/
PORT=ttyV0
SVC=/data/etc/dbus-serialbattery-custom/dbus-serialbattery.$PORT
mkdir -p "$SVC/log"
cp /data/apps/dbus-serialbattery/service/run     "$SVC/run"
cp /data/apps/dbus-serialbattery/service/log/run "$SVC/log/run"
ln -sf "$SVC" "/service/dbus-serialbattery.$PORT"

# 3. Persist across reboot (Venus wipes /service/ symlinks)
echo "ln -sf $SVC /service/dbus-serialbattery.$PORT" >> /data/rc.local
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Git for Tab Size

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Configure git diff to display tabs as 4 spaces for consistent code viewing. Use --local for current repository or --global for all repositories.

```bash
git config --local core.pager 'less -x4'
```

--------------------------------

### Auto-Numbering Enum with _start_

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows an alternative method for auto-numbering using `_start_ = 1` and `auto()`, which is compatible with both Python 2 and 3.

```python
>>> from aenum import auto
>>> class Color(Enum):                         # doctest: +SKIP
...     _start_ = 1
...     red = auto()
...     green = auto()
...     blue = auto()
...
>>> Color.blue
<Color.blue: 3>
```

--------------------------------

### Instantiate a NamedTuple with positional and keyword arguments

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Instances of a NamedTuple can be created using positional arguments, keyword arguments, or a combination of both. Ensure all fields are provided.

```python
b1 = Book('Lord of the Rings', 'J.R.R. Tolkien', 'fantasy')
b2 = Book(title='Jhereg', author='Steven Brust', genre='fantasy')
b3 = Book('Empire', 'Orson Scott Card', genre='scifi')
```

--------------------------------

### Create Virtual CAN Port (vcan0)

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/test/README.md

Use these commands to add and configure a virtual CAN interface named vcan0. This is necessary for simulating CAN bus traffic.

```bash
ip link add dev vcan0 type vcan
ip link set vcan0 down
ip link set vcan0 mtu 16
ip link set vcan0 up
```

--------------------------------

### Create a NamedTuple instance using _make()

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

The `_make()` class method creates a new instance of a NamedTuple from an iterable of values. This is an alternative to direct instantiation.

```python
Point._make((4, 5))
```

--------------------------------

### Subclassing a NamedTuple and Managing Fields Manually

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Illustrates subclassing a NamedTuple and manually defining fields with default values and docstrings. Field numbering must be managed explicitly.

```python
Point = NamedTuple('Point', 'x y')
class Pixel(Point):
    r = 2, 'red component', 11
    g = 3, 'green component', 29
    b = 4, 'blue component', 37

Pixel.__fields__
```

--------------------------------

### Uninstall overlay-fs

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/venus-os_overlay-fs/README.md

This command completely removes overlay-fs from the system. It disables the mount on boot, unmounts active overlays, restores the previous state, and deletes all associated files.

```bash
bash /data/etc/overlay-fs/unenable.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Remove App and its Overlays

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/venus-os_overlay-fs/README.md

This command removes an app and any associated overlay filesystems it uses. Overlays are only removed if no other apps are currently using them.

```bash
bash /data/apps/overlay-fs/remove-app.sh <app-name>
```

```bash
bash /data/apps/overlay-fs/remove-app.sh custom-web-app
```

--------------------------------

### Enum Type and Instance Check

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates how to check the type of an enum member and if an object is an instance of an enum.

```python
>>> type(Color.red)
<aenum 'Color'>
>>> isinstance(Color.green, Color)
True
```

--------------------------------

### Programmatic Enum Member Access by Name

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates accessing enum members by their names using item access.

```python
>>> Color['red']
<Color.red: 1>
>>> Color['green']
<Color.green: 2>
```

--------------------------------

### Define Enum with Constants

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how to define an enum with both regular members and constants using `aenum.constant`. Constants cannot be rebound after initialization.

```python
>>> from aenum import constant
>>> class Planet(Enum):
...     MERCURY = (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6)
...     EARTH   = (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6)
...     JUPITER = (1.9e+27,   7.1492e7)
...     URANUS  = (8.686e+25, 2.5559e7)
...     G = constant(6.67300E-11)
...     def __init__(self, mass, radius):
...         self.mass = mass       # in kilograms
...         self.radius = radius   # in meters
...     @property
...     def surface_gravity(self):
...         # universal gravitational constant  (m3 kg-1 s-2)
...         return self.G * self.mass / (self.radius * self.radius)
...
>>> Planet.EARTH.value
(5.976e+24, 6378140.0)
>>> Planet.EARTH.surface_gravity
9.802652743337129
>>> Planet.G
6.673e-11
>>> Planet.G = 9
Traceback (most recent call last):
...AttributeError: Planet: cannot rebind constant 'G'
```

--------------------------------

### Check Code Style with pep8

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Verify Python code against PEP8 standards, enforcing a maximum line length of 110 characters and ignoring tab width warnings.

```bash
pep8 --max-line-length=110 --ignore=W191 *.py
```

--------------------------------

### Disable Overlay Filesystem Mount

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/venus-os_overlay-fs/README.md

Run this command to disable the overlay-fs mount on boot. It unmounts any active overlays and restores the system to its state before enabling overlays.

```bash
bash /data/etc/overlay-fs/disable.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Flag Enumeration with Combined Members

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how to define combined members in a Flag enumeration and their resulting values.

```python
--> class Color(Flag):
...     RED = auto()
...     BLUE = auto()
...     GREEN = auto()
...     WHITE = RED | BLUE | GREEN
...
--> Color.WHITE
<Color.WHITE: 7>
```

--------------------------------

### Introspect D-Bus Object Interfaces

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Examine the interfaces and methods supported by a D-Bus object. This command helps in understanding how to interact with a specific D-Bus service.

```bash
matthijs@matthijs-VirtualBox:~/dev/velib_python/examples$ dbus com.victronenergy.example /RPM
Interface org.freedesktop.DBus:
 String Introspect()

Interface com.victronenergy.BusItem:
 Int32 SetValue(Variant newvalue)
 String GetDescription(String language, Int32 length)
 String GetText()
 Variant GetValue()
```

--------------------------------

### Iterating Over Flag Members

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates how to iterate over a Flag enumeration to retrieve individual truthy flags.

```python
>>> class Color(Flag):
...     _order_ = 'BLACK RED BLUE GREEN WHITE'
...     BLACK = 0
...     RED = auto()
...     BLUE = auto()
...     GREEN = auto()
...     WHITE = RED | BLUE | GREEN
...
>>> list(Color.GREEN)
[<Color.GREEN: 4>]
>>> list(Color.WHITE)
[<Color.RED: 1>, <Color.BLUE: 2>, <Color.GREEN: 4>]
```

--------------------------------

### Create an Enum using Class Syntax

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Define an enumeration by subclassing Enum. Members have names and values. Use this for creating sets of symbolic names bound to unique, constant values.

```python
from aenum import Enum

class Color(Enum):
    red = 1
    green = 2
    blue = 3
```

--------------------------------

### Creating a NamedTuple with Variable Tuple Size

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates how to define a NamedTuple where the number of fields can vary. Use TupleSize.variable to allow for flexible field assignments.

```python
from aenum import NamedTuple, TupleSize

class Person(NamedTuple):
    _size_ = TupleSize.variable
    first = 0
    last = 1

Person('Ethan')
Person(last='Furman')
```

--------------------------------

### Enum Class Membership Check

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates how Enum classes support membership testing using the 'in' operator.

```python
list(Color)
```

```python
some_var in Color
```

--------------------------------

### Duplicate Enum Member Name Handling (Python 2)

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how Python 2.x handles duplicate member names by overwriting the earlier definition.

```python
# python 2.x
--> class Shape(Enum):
...   square = 2
...   square = 3
...
--> Shape.square
<Shape.square: 3>
```

--------------------------------

### Naming IntFlag Combinations

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

It is possible to name specific combinations of IntFlag members, such as defining a 'RWX' member for the combination of R, W, and X.

```python
>>> class Perm(IntFlag):
...     _order_ = 'R W X'
...     R = 4
...     W = 2
...     X = 1
...     RWX = 7
>>> Perm.RWX
<Perm.RWX: 7>
>>> ~Perm.RWX
<Perm: 0>
```

--------------------------------

### Open BMS Connection and Read Data

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/standalone_README.md

Use bms_open() to establish a connection to the BMS and bms_read() to retrieve the latest data. The read data can be accessed directly via object attributes or as a list.

```python
sasb.bms_open()
ST = sasb.bms_read()
```

--------------------------------

### Attempt to Set Invalid D-Bus Value

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Demonstrates setting an unsupported value to a D-Bus item and observing the error code returned. A return value other than 0 indicates failure.

```bash
matthijs@matthijs-VirtualBox:~/dev/velib_python/examples$ dbus com.victronenergy.example /RPM SetValue %2000
2
```

--------------------------------

### Check Simulator Log Output

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/test/README.md

Monitor the log file for the simulator to verify its operation and troubleshoot any issues. The `tai64nlocal` command converts timestamps for readability.

```bash
tail -f /var/log/dbus-canbattery.vcan0/current | tai64nlocal
```

--------------------------------

### Extend Enum with New Member

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates extending an existing enum with a new member using the `extend_enum` function. Shows how to check for membership and access properties of the new member.

```python
>>> from aenum import Enum, extend_enum
>>> class Color(Enum):
...     red = 1
...     green = 2
...     blue = 3
...
>>> list(Color)
[<Color.red: 1>, <Color.green: 2>, <Color.blue: 3>]
>>> extend_enum(Color, 'opacity', 4)
<Color.opacity: 4>
>>> list(Color)
[<Color.red: 1>, <Color.green: 2>, <Color.blue: 3>, <Color.opacity: 4>]
>>> Color.opacity in Color
True
>>> Color.opacity.name == 'opacity'
True
>>> Color.opacity.value == 4
True
>>> Color(4)
<Color.opacity: 4>
>>> Color['opacity']
<Color.opacity: 4>

--> Color.__members__
OrderedDict([
    ('red', <Color.red: 1>),
    ('green', <Color.green: 2>),
    ('blue', <Color.blue: 3>),
    ('opacity', <Color.opacity: 4>)
    ])
```

--------------------------------

### Configure NamedTuple size with TupleSize.minimum

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Set `_size_ = TupleSize.minimum` to allow for more fields than explicitly named. This is useful when the last few fields are optional or not always provided.

```python
from aenum import TupleSize
class Person(NamedTuple):
    _size_ = TupleSize.minimum
    first = 0
    last = 1

Person('Ethan', 'Furman')
Person('Ethan', 'Furman', 'ethan.furman')
Person('Ethan', 'Furman', 'ethan.furman', 'yay Python!')
```

--------------------------------

### Programmatic Enum Member Access by Value

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how to access enum members programmatically using their values.

```python
>>> Color(1)
<Color.red: 1>
>>> Color(3)
<Color.blue: 3>
```

--------------------------------

### NamedTuple with fields containing docstrings and default values

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Fields can include docstrings and default values. This allows for more flexible instantiation, including calling the NamedTuple with no arguments if all fields have defaults.

```python
class Point(NamedTuple):
    x = 0, 'horizontal coordinate', 0
    y = 1, 'vertical coordinate', 0

Point()
Point(1)
Point(y=2)
```

--------------------------------

### IntEnum Comparison with Standard Enum

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates that IntEnum members cannot be compared to standard Enum members, even if their values are the same.

```python
>>> class Shape(IntEnum):
...   circle = 1
...   square = 2
...
>>> class Color(Enum):
...   red = 1
...   green = 2
...
>>> Shape.circle == Color.red
False
```

--------------------------------

### Accessing Enum Member Name and Value

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Illustrates how to retrieve the `name` and `value` attributes of an enum member.

```python
>>> member = Color.red
>>> member.name
'red'
>>> member.value
1
```

--------------------------------

### IntFlag Bitwise Operations

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

IntFlag members support bitwise operations (&, |, ^, ~), and the results remain IntFlag members. Standard addition results in an integer.

```python
>>> from aenum import IntFlag
>>> class Perm(IntFlag):
...     _order_ = 'R W X'
...     R = 4
...     W = 2
...     X = 1
...
>>> Perm.R | Perm.W
<Perm.R|W: 6>
>>> Perm.R + Perm.W
6
>>> RW = Perm.R | Perm.W
>>> Perm.R in RW
True
```

--------------------------------

### Iterating Over Enum Members

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates iterating over enum members. Note that aliases are not included in this direct iteration.

```python
>>> list(Shape)
[<Shape.square: 2>, <Shape.diamond: 1>, <Shape.circle: 3>]
```

--------------------------------

### Access BMS Data via List Index

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/standalone_README.md

Alternatively, access BMS data as a list where specific indices correspond to different parameters such as cell count, cell voltages, temperatures, battery voltage, current, and state of charge.

```python
ST[0] = cellcount
ST[1] = Cellvoltage of cell 1
ST[0..cellcount] = Cellvoltage of cell x
ST[cellcount + 1] = Temperature_Fet
ST[cellcount + 2] = Temperature_1
ST[cellcount + 3] = Temperature_2
ST[cellcount + 4] = BatVolt
ST[cellcount + 5] = Current
ST[cellcount + 6] = SOC
```

--------------------------------

### Creating a NamedTuple by Concatenating Existing NamedTuples

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how to create a new NamedTuple by combining fields from existing NamedTuple classes. Field numbering is automatically adjusted.

```python
Point = NamedTuple('Point', 'x y')
Color = NamedTuple('Color', 'r g b')
Pixel = NamedTuple('Pixel', Point+Color, module=__name__)
Pixel
```

--------------------------------

### Set D-Bus Item Value

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/velib_python/README.md

Set the value of a D-Bus item from the command line. The '%' symbol ensures the value is interpreted as an integer.

```bash
matthijs@matthijs-VirtualBox:~/dev/velib_python/examples$ dbus com.victronenergy.example /RPM SetValue %1
0
```

--------------------------------

### Enum Member Hashing

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Illustrates that enum members are hashable and can be used as dictionary keys or set elements.

```python
>>> apples = {}
>>> apples[Color.red] = 'red delicious'
>>> apples[Color.green] = 'granny smith'
>>> apples == {Color.red: 'red delicious', Color.green: 'granny smith'}
True
```

--------------------------------

### Create a NamedTuple using the functional API

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Use the functional API to create a NamedTuple with specified fields. The `module` argument is set to `__name__` for proper module association.

```python
from aenum import NamedTuple
Book = NamedTuple('Book', 'title author genre', module=__name__)
```

--------------------------------

### Enum with Aliases for Same Value

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Illustrates how multiple enum members can share the same value, with later members becoming aliases of the first.

```python
>>> class Shape(Enum):
...   _order_ = 'square diamond circle'  # needed in 2.x
...   square = 2
...   diamond = 1
...   circle = 3
...   alias_for_square = 2
...
>>> Shape.square
<Shape.square: 2>
>>> Shape.alias_for_square
<Shape.square: 2>
>>> Shape(2)
<Shape.square: 2>
```

--------------------------------

### Allowed Enum Subclassing

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

This demonstrates allowed subclassing where the base enum does not define members, allowing for shared behavior.

```python
>>> class Foo(Enum):
...   def some_behavior(self):
...     pass
... 
>>> class Bar(Foo):
...   happy = 1
...   sad = 2
...
```

--------------------------------

### NamedTuple instantiation with insufficient arguments

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Providing too few arguments during NamedTuple instantiation will raise a TypeError, indicating which fields are missing values.

```python
b4 = Book('Hidden Empire')
Traceback (most recent call last):
... 
TypeError: values not provided for field(s): author, genre
b5 = Book(genre='business')
Traceback (most recent call last):
... 
TypeError: values not provided for field(s): title, author
```

--------------------------------

### Temperature Encoding Logic

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/bms-docs/JKBMS-PB.md

This Python code snippet decodes raw temperature readings from JKBMS. It handles both positive and negative Celsius values based on the raw integer representation.

```python
raw = unpack_from("<h", data, offset)[0] / 10
if raw < 99:
    temp_c = raw          # normal: 199 → 19.9°C
else:
    temp_c = 100 - raw    # negative: 1050 → 105.0 → 100-105 = -5°C
```

--------------------------------

### NamedTuple instantiation with missing fields (class definition)

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

When defining a NamedTuple using class syntax without default values, attempting to instantiate it without providing all values results in a TypeError.

```python
class Point(NamedTuple):
    x = 0
    y = 1

Point()
Traceback (most recent call last):
... 
TypeError: values not provided for field(s): x, y
Point(1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
... 
TypeError: values not provided for field(s): y
Point(y=2)
Traceback (most recent call last):
... 
TypeError: values not provided for field(s): x
```

--------------------------------

### Configure NamedTuple size using class keyword argument (Python 3)

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

In Python 3, the `size` keyword argument can be used in the class definition to specify the tuple size behavior, such as `TupleSize.minimum`.

```python
class Person(NamedTuple, size=TupleSize.minimum):      # doctest: +SKIP
    first = 0
    last = 1
```

--------------------------------

### Enum Iteration with _order_

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Shows how to iterate over enum members. In Python 2.x, `_order_` attribute defines the iteration order; in Python 3.x, definition order is used.

```python
>>> class Shake(Enum):
...   _order_ = 'vanilla chocolate cookies mint'  # only needed in 2.x
...   vanilla = 7
...   chocolate = 4
...   cookies = 9
...   mint = 3
...
>>> for shake in Shake:
...   print(shake)
...
Shake.vanilla
Shake.chocolate
Shake.cookies
Shake.mint
```

--------------------------------

### Duplicate Enum Member Name Handling (Python 3)

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Demonstrates that Python 3.x raises a `TypeError` when attempting to reuse a member name in an enum.

```python
# python 3.x
--> class Shape(Enum):
...   square = 2
...   square = 3
...Traceback (most recent call last):
...TypeError: Attempted to reuse key: 'square'
```

--------------------------------

### Access BMS Data via Object Attributes

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/standalone_README.md

Directly access various BMS parameters like cell count, individual cell voltages, temperatures, battery voltage, current, and state of charge using object attributes.

```python
sasb.cell_count
sasb.cells[Nr_of_Cell]
sasb.temperature_fet
sasb.temperature_1
sasb.temperature_2
sasb.voltage
sasb.act_current
sasb.soc
```

--------------------------------

### Specify Module for Pickling

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

When pickling enums created with the functional API, explicitly specify the module name using the 'module' argument to avoid issues with frame stack implementation details, especially when using utility functions in separate modules.

```python
>>> Animals = Enum('Animals', 'ant bee cat dog', module=__name__)
```

--------------------------------

### Access NamedTuple data using _asdict()

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

The `_asdict()` method converts a NamedTuple instance into an OrderedDict, mapping field names to their values.

```python
pixel._asdict() # doctest: +SKIP
# OrderedDict([('x', 99), ('y', -101), ('r', 255), ('g', 128), ('b', 0)])
```

--------------------------------

### Enum Member Identity Comparison

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

Enumeration members are compared by identity. Use 'is' or 'is not' for comparisons.

```python
>>> Color.red is Color.red
True
>>> Color.red is Color.blue
False
>>> Color.red is not Color.blue
True
```

--------------------------------

### Create a NamedTuple with named and unnamed fields

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

It's possible to create NamedTuples where only some fields have names. Unnamed fields can still be accessed by index.

```python
class Person(NamedTuple):
    fullname = 2
    phone = 5

p = Person('Ethan', 'Furman', 'Ethan Furman',
           'ethan at stoneleaf dot us',
           'ethan.furman', '999.555.1212')
p.fullname
p.phone
p[0]
```

--------------------------------

### Define a NamedTuple using class syntax

Source: https://github.com/mr-manuel/venus-os_dbus-serialbattery/blob/master/dbus-serialbattery/ext/aenum/doc/aenum.rst

A NamedTuple can also be defined using class syntax, where fields are assigned integer values corresponding to their index.

```python
class Book(NamedTuple):
    title = 0
    author = 1
    genre = 2
```