### MariaDB Installation and Setup

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Commands to install MariaDB, grant privileges, create the 'motion' database, and configure Motion to use it. Ensure MariaDB is running via systemctl after setup.

```bash
sudo apt install libmariadb-dev libmariadb3 mariadb-client mariadb-client-core mariadb-common mariadb-server
sudo mariadb
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'YourUserNameHere'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'YourPasswordHere' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit
mariadb -u YourUserNameHere -p
{enter YourPasswordHere}
create database motion;
use motion;
quit;
```

```bash
sudo systemctl status mariadb
```

--------------------------------

### PostgreSQL Installation and Setup

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Commands to install PostgreSQL, create a role and database for Motion, and grant privileges. Verify PostgreSQL status and test login using the provided psql command.

```bash
sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib
sudo -u postgres psql
CREATE ROLE 'your_username_here' LOGIN PASSWORD 'YourPasswordHere';
CREATE DATABASE motion WITH OWNER = your_username_here;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE motion TO your_username_here;
\quit
```

```bash
sudo systemctl status postgresql
```

```bash
psql -h localhost -d motion -U your_username_here -p 5432
```

--------------------------------

### SQL Query for Event Start

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Example of an SQL query to be executed at the start of an event. This is a placeholder and should be replaced with a valid SQL statement.

```sql
sql_event_start
```

--------------------------------

### Start Event Action

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Example command to start an event using curl. This action can be used to manually trigger an event.

```bash
curl -s -o -X POST {IP}:{port0} --data-urlencode "camid={camid}" --data-urlencode "command=eventstart" 1>/dev/null
```

--------------------------------

### SQL Query for Movie Start

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Example of an SQL query to be executed at the start of a movie recording. This is a placeholder and should be replaced with a valid SQL statement.

```sql
sql_movie_start
```

--------------------------------

### Encrypting a Message Using GPG

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/wiki/Privacy

This example shows how to fetch a GPG public key, import it, and then encrypt a message for a specific recipient using GPG. Ensure you have GPG installed and the recipient's key imported.

```bash
$ curl --silent https://api.github.com/users/tosiara/gpg_keys | jq -r '.[0].raw_key' > tosiara.asc
$ gpg --import < tosiara.asc
$ echo "See my example video at https://youtube/blahblah" | gpg -e -a -r tosiara@users.noreply.github.com
```

```plaintext
-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----
Version: GnuPG v1

hQEMAzwWtUGzwX+nAQf/ZHMgAZ8LoYr77n/jqkSbhYvgsnn7Ct6eY4JcXg2ioA40
J0zHy8P6d/VL5JSZByEuq24AB0e6do4M9dpWHcNbjI5VtzjiC3EsisMSpc2+fi4e
MUeYzGXHVTWSZqLTOX/mI6rbUQ52MLCzrW6RK4XQolQOcbjppOxz93f/Zy3mhctj
bFtgR0dXsRSuCzXX8Lk8sDnTmib2D7r/cmEkmBa7doD7Gr8dUzTzuncB+ek2S8LB
zfyw89KKA5jfYjnHLy3ZfT6p4fuJjzJb7YGI2uVFHFnllLvTvbAwPdkFKYbdGtzy
ngH2ekJAyc4NA6vsjJXmcMuPgFqW+fGgcAffiahB+tJpAR4AslTFyaZ2QoGL1w+Z
Vx1xjYX+ExK4hUebLPr63AoWsv82YRkbwgrln0UshFTjzym2aQGTo2+HYwNOfDlM
ABRO+sHyatUxcxvYk8EhwyvUbRMx6NVG/UhT/YaIz5Ir5hAYxI6aa/ZX
=bbxQ
-----END PGP MESSAGE-----
```

--------------------------------

### Camera Configuration Example

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Illustrates how to configure individual cameras with row and column parameters for streaming.

```config
stream_allcam_params row=3,col=1
```

```config
stream_allcam_params row=1,col=2
```

```config
stream_allcam_params row=3,col=3
```

```config
stream_allcam_params row=1,col=1
```

```config
stream_allcam_params row=3,col=2
```

```config
stream_allcam_params row=2,col=1
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Multiple Webcontrol Ports

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Example configuration for setting up different webcontrol ports with varying access levels for cameras.

```config
motion.conf

*   webcontrol_port 8080
*   webcontrol_access 3

camera1.conf

*   webcontrol_port 8081
*   webcontrol_access 0
```

--------------------------------

### Build Motion from Source

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_build.html

Clones the Motion repository, navigates into the directory, and runs the build process. This includes autoreconf, configure, make, and make install.

```bash
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/Motion-Project/motion.git
cd motion
autoreconf -fiv
./configure
make
make install
```

--------------------------------

### Install and Activate v4l2loopback Device

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Instructions for installing the v4l2loopback kernel module and activating it for use with Motion. This allows Motion to use a virtual video device for input or output.

```bash
sudo modprobe v4l2loopback
```

--------------------------------

### Install Build Dependencies on Debian

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_build.html

Installs essential packages required for building Motion on Debian-based systems. Includes libraries for video, image processing, and databases.

```bash
sudo apt install autoconf automake autopoint build-essential pkgconf libtool libzip-dev libjpeg-dev git libavformat-dev libavcodec-dev libavutil-dev libswscale-dev libavdevice-dev libopencv-dev libwebp-dev gettext libmicrohttpd-dev libmariadb-dev libcamera-dev libcamera-tools libcamera-v4l2 libasound2-dev libpulse-dev libfftw3-dev
```

--------------------------------

### Optional Database Dependencies

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_build.html

Installs optional database support for PostgreSQL or SQLite3. Motion functionality may be limited without a running database.

```bash
sudo apt install libpq-dev libsqlite3-dev
```

--------------------------------

### Motion Command Line Options

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Use these options to control how Motion starts and runs. Specify configuration file paths, log levels, and daemon modes.

```bash
motion [ -hbnm ] [ -c config file path ] [ -d level ] [ -k level ] [ -p pid_file ] [ -l log_file ]
```

--------------------------------

### FFmpeg with Gray Pixel Format

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

This example demonstrates reformatting the video stream to a gray pixel format using FFmpeg before feeding it into the loopback device for Motion.

```bash
ffmpeg -re -i mymovie.mp4 -f v4l2 -pix_fmt gray /dev/video0
```

--------------------------------

### SQL Query for Picture Save

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Example of an SQL query to be executed when a picture is saved. This is a placeholder and should be replaced with a valid SQL statement.

```sql
sql_pic_save
```

--------------------------------

### SQLite3 Database Configuration

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Configuration parameters for setting up a file-based SQLite3 database for Motion. This is the simplest setup but can be unstable if the database file is archived while in use.

```ini
database_type sqlite3
database_dbname /full/path/and/file/name.db
```

--------------------------------

### SQL Query for Event End

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Example of an SQL query to be executed at the end of an event. This is a placeholder and should be replaced with a valid SQL statement.

```sql
sql_event_end
```

--------------------------------

### curl PTZ Control Commands (Example 2)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Control camera PTZ movements (left, right, down, up, zoom in/out) using curl with specific CGI parameters. Each command is followed by a stop command after a short delay.

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=left&-speed=45'
sleep 1
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=stop&-speed=45'
exit
```

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=right&-speed=45'
sleep 1
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=stop&-speed=45'
exit
```

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=down&-speed=45'
sleep 1
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=stop&-speed=45'
exit
```

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=up&-speed=45'
sleep 1
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=stop&-speed=45'
exit
```

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=zoomin&-speed=45'
sleep 1
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=stop&-speed=45'
exit
```

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=zoomout&-speed=45'
sleep 1
curl 'http://admin:admin@cameraip:80/web/cgi-bin/hi3510/ptzctrl.cgi?-step=0&-act=stop&-speed=45'
exit
```

--------------------------------

### curl PTZ Turn Commands (Example 1)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Control camera PTZ direction (Up, Down, Left, Right) using curl PUT requests. The Param1 value of '1' initiates movement, and '0' stops it.

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d 'Param1=1' http://admin@cameraip:80/PTZ/1/TurnDown
sleep 2
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d 'Param1=0' http://admin@cameraip:80/PTZ/1/TurnDown
exit
```

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d 'Param1=1' http://admin@cameraip:80/PTZ/1/TurnLeft
sleep 2
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d 'Param1=0' http://admin@cameraip:80/PTZ/1/TurnLeft
exit
```

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d 'Param1=1' http://admin@cameraip:80/PTZ/1/TurnRight
sleep 2
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d 'Param1=0' http://admin@cameraip:80/PTZ/1/TurnRight
exit
```

```bash
#!/bin/bash
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d 'Param1=1' http://admin@cameraip:80/PTZ/1/TurnUp
sleep 2
curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d 'Param1=0' http://admin@cameraip:80/PTZ/1/TurnUp
exit
```

--------------------------------

### SQL Query for Movie End

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Example of an SQL query to be executed at the end of a movie recording. This is a placeholder and should be replaced with a valid SQL statement.

```sql
sql_movie_end
```

--------------------------------

### Make Options for Motion Build

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_build.html

Provides make commands for cleaning the build directory and performing developer checks. 'make cleanall' creates a pristine directory, while 'make maintainer-check' runs various build combinations.

```bash
make cleanall
make maintainer-check
make maintainer-clang
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Script Options for Motion

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_build.html

Lists custom configure options for building Motion. Use --without-<feature> to exclude support or --with-<feature>=DIR to specify a directory.

```bash
--without-v4l2
--without-webp
--with-libcam=DIR
--with-ffmpeg=DIR
--with-opencv=DIR
--with-mariadb=DIR
--with-mysql=DIR
--with-pgsql=DIR
--with-sqlite3=DIR
--with-pulse=DIR
--with-alsa=DIR
--with-fftw3=DIR
--with-developer-flags
```

--------------------------------

### Specifying libcamera Device

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Set the libcamera device to be used. 'camera0' uses the first available device. Otherwise, specify the device description from the log or `cam -l` output.

```config
libcam_device camera0
```

--------------------------------

### Use FFmpeg with Loopback Device

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

This snippet shows how to use FFmpeg to feed video into a loopback device (/dev/video0) which Motion can then read. This is useful when a device works with FFmpeg but not directly with Motion.

```bash
ffmpeg -re -i mymovie.mp4 -f v4l2 /dev/video0
```

--------------------------------

### Sample extpipe Commands for Video Encoding

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

These commands demonstrate how to use external tools like mencoder and ffmpeg with Motion's 'movie_extpipe' option for video encoding. They cover different output formats and encoding presets.

```bash
movie_extpipe mencoder -demuxer rawvideo -rawvideo w=%w:h=%h:i420 -ovc x264 -x264encopts bframes=4:frameref=1:subq=1:scenecut=-1:nob_adapt:threads=1:keyint=1000:8x8dct:vbv_bufsize=4000:crf=24:partitions=i8x8,i4x4:vbv_maxrate=800:no-chroma-me -vf denoise3d=16:12:48:4,pp=lb -of avi -o %f.avi - -fps %{fps}
```

```bash
movie_extpipe x264 - --input-res %wx%h --fps %{fps} --bitrate 2000 --preset ultrafast --quiet -o %f.mp4
```

```bash
movie_extpipe mencoder -demuxer rawvideo -rawvideo w=%w:h=%h:fps=%{fps} -ovc x264 -x264encopts preset=ultrafast -of lavf -o %f.mp4 - -fps %{fps}
```

```bash
movie_extpipe ffmpeg -y -f rawvideo -pix_fmt yuv420p -video_size %wx%h -framerate %{fps} -i pipe:0 -vcodec libx264 -preset ultrafast -f mp4 %f.mp4
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Sound Alerts in Motion

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Set up sound device, enable frequency display, and define alert conditions based on frequency ranges. Use this to monitor specific sound events.

```config
snd_device hw:1,0
snd_show on
snd_alerts alert_id=01,volume_level=01,volume_count=10,freq_low=2976,freq_high=2977,alert_nm=smokedown1
snd_alerts alert_id=02,volume_level=01,volume_count=10,freq_low=3400,freq_high=3450,alert_nm=smokelr
snd_alerts alert_id=03,volume_level=01,volume_count=10,freq_low=3388,freq_high=3399,alert_nm=smokebr1
snd_alerts alert_id=11,volume_level=01,volume_count=10,freq_low=3378,freq_high=3379,alert_nm=furnace
snd_alerts alert_id=22,volume_level=01,volume_count=10,freq_low=3281,freq_high=3399,alert_nm=waterheater
snd_alerts alert_id=22,volume_level=01,volume_count=10,freq_low=3270,freq_high=3279,alert_nm=kitchBath
snd_show off
on_sound_alert %{trig_nbr} %{trig_nm} %{trig_freq}
```

--------------------------------

### HTML for Tiled Camera Streams

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/wiki/FAQ

Create this HTML file to view all your Motion camera streams in a tiled layout. Replace 'ipaddress:portnumber' with your camera's actual IP address and port.

```html
    <html>   
    <body bgcolor=000000>   
    <img src=http://ipaddress1:portnumber/ border="0" width=25%></a>   
    <img src=http://ipaddress2:portnumber/ border="0" width=25%></a>   
    <img src=http://ipaddress3:portnumber/ border="0" width=49%></a>   
    </body>   
    </html>  
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Lux (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Report the ambient light level in lux. This is typically read from the sensor and may not be directly configurable.

```config
Lux 100.5
```

--------------------------------

### Download Build Script

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_build.html

Downloads the builddeb.sh script used to create deb packages from the Motion source code.

```bash
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Motion-Project/motion-packaging/master/builddeb.sh
```

--------------------------------

### Access Camera Configuration JSON

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

URL to retrieve a JSON object containing configuration information for all cameras.

```url
{IP}:{port0}/0/config.json
```

--------------------------------

### MariaDB Motion Configuration

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Motion configuration parameters for connecting to a MariaDB database. Replace placeholders with your actual database credentials.

```ini
database_type mariadb
database_dbname motion
database_host localhost
database_port 3306
database_user YourUserNameHere
database_password YourPasswordHere
```

--------------------------------

### PostgreSQL Motion Configuration

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Motion configuration parameters for connecting to a PostgreSQL database. Ensure the username is in lowercase as indicated.

```ini
database_type postgresql
database_dbname motion
database_host localhost
database_port 5432
database_user your_username_here
database_password YourPasswordHere
```

--------------------------------

### Setting v4l2 Parameters by Name

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Configure v4l2 device parameters using their names. Ensure the parameter names are valid for your device.

```config
v4l2_params Brightness=130,palette=15
```

--------------------------------

### Access Home HTML Page

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

URL to access the main HTML page which includes streams for all cameras.

```url
{IP}:{port0}/
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Exposure Time (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Set the exposure time in microseconds for the libcamera device. Shorter times reduce motion blur but require more light.

```config
ExposureTime 33000
```

--------------------------------

### Run Motion Standalone

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/wiki/FAQ

Instructions for running Motion manually after stopping MotionEye. Ensure you are in the correct directory and specify the configuration file, debug level, and no-daemon mode.

```bash
stop motionEye: /etc/init.d/S85motioneye stop

run motion manually:  cd /data/etc ; motion -c motion.conf -d 5 -n
```

--------------------------------

### Search for Sensitive Information in Files

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/wiki/Privacy

Use grep to find common patterns of sensitive data in log and configuration files before uploading them. This helps identify potential security risks.

```bash
grep -i "netcam_url\|netcam_userpass\|stream_authentication\|webcontrol_authentication\|database_password\|Network Camera\|Authorization: Basic\|http://\|https://\|ftp://\|password\|target_dir\|on_picture_save\|on_movie_end" motion.log motion.conf
```

--------------------------------

### Action Execution

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Execute various actions on the Motion system by sending POST requests to the webcontrol port. These actions range from starting/stopping events to reconfiguring cameras.

```APIDOC
## POST /{IP}:{port0}/

### Description
Execute actions on the Motion system.

### Method
POST

### Endpoint
`{IP}:{port0}/`

### Parameters
#### Request Body
- **camid** (integer) - Required - The ID of the camera to perform the action on. Use 0 for all cameras.
- **command** (string) - Required - The action to execute. Possible values include: `eventstart`, `eventend`, `snapshot`, `pause_on`, `pause_off`, `pause_schedule`, `restart`, `stop`, `config_write`, `camera_add`, `camera_delete`, `config`, `action_user`, `pan_left`, `pan_right`, `tilt_up`, `tilt_down`, `zoom_in`, `zoom_out`.

### Request Example
```json
{
  "camid": "{camid}",
  "command": "eventstart"
}
```

### Example Usage
```bash
curl -s -o -X POST {IP}:{port0} --data-urlencode "camid={camid}" --data-urlencode "command=eventstart" 1>/dev/null
```
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Auto White Balance Mode (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Select the auto white balance mode. Options include auto, incandescent, fluorescent, daylight, and custom.

```config
AwbMode AwbDaylight
```

--------------------------------

### sofiactl PTZ Commands

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Use sofiactl.pl to send PTZ commands like zoom and directional movements. Adjust user, host, and port as needed.

```bash
#!/bin/bash
sofiactl.pl --user admin --host cameraip --port 34567 --command OPPTZControl --sd ZoomTile --s2 0.5
sofiactl.pl --user admin --host cameraip --port 34567 --command OPPTZControl --sd ZoomWide --s2 0.5
sofiactl.pl --user admin --host cameraip --port 34567 --command OPPTZControl --sd DirectionUp --s2 2.0
sofiactl.pl --user admin --host cameraip --port 34567 --command OPPTZControl --sd DirectionDown --s2 2.0
sofiactl.pl --user admin --host cameraip --port 34567 --command OPPTZControl --sd DirectionLeft --s2 2.0
sofiactl.pl --user admin --host cameraip --port 34567 --command OPPTZControl --sd DirectionRight --s2 2.0
exit
```

--------------------------------

### Run motioneyeos Standalone

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/wiki/motioneye

Stop the motioneye service and run motion in standalone mode with debug logging. Use this to diagnose issues specific to motioneyeos.

```bash
/etc/init.d/S85motioneye stop
cd /data/etc
motion -c motion.conf -d 6 -n
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Auto Focus Metering (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Specify the auto focus metering mode. Options include auto and windowed.

```config
AfMetering AfMeteringWindows
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Positive Image List for Training

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Creates a list of positive image files for Haar model training. It iterates through JPG files in a directory and formats their information for the training process.

```bash
#!/bin/bash
FILES=./pos/*.jpg
for FULLNAME in $FILES
do
HW=$(identify -format '%w %h' $FULLNAME)
printf "$FULLNAME 1 0 0 $HW \n" >>poslist.txt
done
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Negative Image List for Training

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Creates a list of negative image files for Haar model training. It iterates through JPG files in a directory and adds their paths to a negative list file.

```bash
#!/bin/bash
FILES=./neg/*.jpg
for FULLNAME in $FILES
do
printf "$FULLNAME \n" >>neglist.txt
done
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Auto Focus Windows (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Define specific regions for auto focus evaluation. This is a pipe-delimited string specifying x, y, height, and width.

```config
AfWindows 200|200|300|400
```

--------------------------------

### Create Haar Samples for Training

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Generates positive samples for Haar model training using OpenCV. Requires positive images and specifies output file, number of samples, and image dimensions.

```bash
opencv_createsamples -vec posfiles.vec -info poslist.txt -num 350 -h 96 -w 96
```

--------------------------------

### Run motioneye Standalone

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/wiki/motioneye

Stop the motioneye service (using systemd or sysvinit) and run motion in standalone mode with debug logging. Use this to diagnose issues specific to motioneye.

```bash
systemctl stop motioneye  # for systemd
/etc/init.d/motioneye stop  # for sysvinit
cd /etc/motioneye
motion -c motion.conf -d 6 -n
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Auto Exposure Mode (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Specify the auto exposure mode. Options include normal, short, long, and custom exposure.

```config
AeExposureMode ExposureShort
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Motion Framerate via Webcontrol

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Use this curl command to set the framerate for a specific camera via the webcontrol interface. Ensure you replace {IP}, {port0}, and {camid} with your actual values.

```bash
curl -s -o -X POST {IP}:{port0} --data-urlencode "camid={camid}" --data-urlencode "command=config" --data-urlencode "framerate=12" 1>/dev/null
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Scaler Crop (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Define a cropping region for the libcamera scaler. This is a pipe-delimited string specifying x, y, height, and width.

```config
ScalerCrop 100|100|720|1280
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Sensor Black Levels (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Configure the black level compensation for the libcamera sensor. This is a pipe-delimited string of four values.

```config
SensorBlackLevels 64|64|64|64
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Sensor Temperature (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Report the sensor temperature in degrees Celsius. This is typically a read-only value from the sensor.

```config
SensorTemperature 45.5
```

--------------------------------

### Static Source Image

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

URL for the static source image of a specific camera. Specify {camid} as 0 for a consolidated image.

```url
{IP}:{port0}/{camid}/static/source
```

--------------------------------

### PTZ Pan Left Script Configuration

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Specifies the script to execute for panning the camera to the left. Ensure the script is located in the 'scripts' subdirectory.

```config
ptz_pan_left
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Frame Duration Limits (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Define the minimum and maximum allowed frame durations in microseconds for the libcamera device. This is a pipe-delimited string of two values.

```config
FrameDurationLimits 10000|50000
```

--------------------------------

### Enabling Auto White Balance (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Enable automatic white balance control for the libcamera device. This helps to ensure accurate color reproduction under different lighting conditions.

```config
AwbEnable true
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Contrast (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Adjust the contrast level for the libcamera device. This affects the difference between light and dark areas in the image.

```config
Contrast 1.2
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Colour Correction Matrix (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Apply a custom color correction matrix to the libcamera device. This is a pipe-delimited string of nine values.

```config
ColourCorrectionMatrix 1.0|0.0|0.0|0.0|1.0|0.0|0.0|0.0|1.0
```

--------------------------------

### camxmctl Placeholder

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Placeholder for camxmctl, a C++ program that controls cameras using JSON files and commands. Refer to its sample HTML page for specific POST commands.

```bash
#!/bin/bash
 tbd. Review sample page to see post commands.
exit
```

--------------------------------

### Access Camera Status JSON

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

URL to retrieve a JSON object with status information for all cameras.

```url
{IP}:{port0}/0/status.json
```

--------------------------------

### PTZ Auto Tracking Script Configuration

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Specifies the script to execute for automatic PTZ tracking. Ensure the script is located in the 'scripts' subdirectory.

```config
ptz_move_track
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Auto Exposure Metering Mode (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Set the metering mode for auto exposure. Options include center-weighted, spot, matrix, and custom.

```config
AeMeteringMode MeteringMatrix
```

--------------------------------

### Setting v4l2 Parameters by ID

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Configure v4l2 device parameters using their numerical IDs. This method is useful when parameter names are not readily available or to ensure exact matching.

```config
v4l2_params ID09963776=130,palette=15
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Saturation (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Adjust the saturation level for the libcamera device. This controls the intensity of colors in the image.

```config
Saturation 1.3
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Auto Focus Speed (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Set the auto focus speed for the libcamera device. Options include normal and fast.

```config
AfSpeed AfSpeedFast
```

--------------------------------

### Fail2Ban Jail Configuration for Motion Detection

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

This configuration sets up a Fail2Ban jail to actively monitor motion detection logs and ban offending IP addresses. Adjust the log path, ban time, and port range as needed for your specific environment.

```ini
#Fail2Ban Jail Configuration File: /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/motion-jail.conf
[motion]
enabled = true
filter = motion
logpath = /var/log/motion/motion.log
bantime = 23h
banaction = iptables-allports[blocktype="DROP"]
maxretry = 0
port = 0:65535
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Auto Focus Mode (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Select the auto focus mode for the libcamera device. Options include manual, auto, and continuous.

```config
AfMode AfModeContinuous
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Colour Gains (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Adjust the individual color gains (Red and Blue) for the libcamera device. This is a pipe-delimited string of two values.

```config
ColourGains 1.5|1.2
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Colour Temperature (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Set the color temperature in Kelvin for the libcamera device. This influences the overall color cast of the image.

```config
ColourTemperature 5000
```

--------------------------------

### Static Primary Image

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

URL for the static primary image of a specific camera. Specify {camid} as 0 for a consolidated image.

```url
{IP}:{port0}/{camid}/static
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Analogue Gain (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Adjust the analogue gain for the libcamera sensor. Higher gain increases sensitivity but can also introduce noise.

```config
AnalogueGain 2.0
```

--------------------------------

### Setting libcamera Orientation

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Configure the orientation of the image from the libcamera device. Note that these options may not always produce the expected results.

```config
Orientation Rotate90Mirror
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Brightness (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Adjust the brightness level for the libcamera device. This is a post-processing adjustment to image brightness.

```config
Brightness 0.8
```

--------------------------------

### Access Camera Movies JSON

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

URL to retrieve a JSON object containing information about all recorded movies.

```url
{IP}:{port0}/0/movies.json
```

--------------------------------

### Static Substream Image

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

URL for the static substream image of a specific camera. Specify {camid} as 0 for a consolidated image.

```url
{IP}:{port0}/{camid}/static/substream
```

--------------------------------

### JSON Configuration and Status Feeds

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Retrieve detailed configuration and status information for cameras in JSON format. These endpoints are useful for programmatic access to camera states and settings.

```APIDOC
## GET /{IP}:{port0}/0/config.json

### Description
JSON object with the configuration information for all cameras.

### Endpoint
`{IP}:{port0}/0/config.json`
```

```APIDOC
## GET /{IP}:{port0}/0/status.json

### Description
JSON object with information about the status of all cameras.

### Endpoint
`{IP}:{port0}/0/status.json`
```

```APIDOC
## GET /{IP}:{port0}/0/movies.json

### Description
JSON object with information about all movies.

### Endpoint
`{IP}:{port0}/0/movies.json`
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Sharpness (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Adjust the sharpness level for the libcamera device. This controls the edge definition and detail in the image.

```config
Sharpness 0.5
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Auto Exposure Constraint Mode (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Define the constraint mode for auto exposure. This affects how the camera handles highlights, shadows, or normal conditions.

```config
AeConstraintMode ConstraintHighlight
```

--------------------------------

### Sending SIGUSR1 to Save Current Event

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Send the SIGUSR1 signal to Motion to create a movie file of the current event without exiting the application.

```bash
kill -s SIGUSR1 pid
```

--------------------------------

### Set Persistent v4l2 Device Name

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Use udev rules to create a persistent symbolic link for a v4l2 device, ensuring a specific camera is always assigned the same device name. This is useful when multiple video devices are present and their kernel assignments may vary.

```bash
KERNEL=="video[0-9]*", ATTR{name}=="Philips\ SPC\ 900NC*", SYMLINK+=    "video-webcam0"
```

--------------------------------

### Webcontrol and Stream Access

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_examples.html

Access the main HTML page which includes streams for all cameras. This is the primary entry point for viewing camera feeds through the web interface.

```APIDOC
## GET /{IP}:{port0}/

### Description
Home HTML page with streams for all cameras.

### Endpoint
`{IP}:{port0}/`
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Frame Duration (libcamera)

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Set the desired frame duration in microseconds for the libcamera device. This influences the frame rate.

```config
FrameDuration 33000
```

--------------------------------

### Setting v4l2 Parameters with Quoted Names

Source: https://github.com/motion-project/motion/blob/master/doc/motion_config.html

Configure v4l2 device parameters using their names enclosed in double quotes. This is useful if parameter names contain spaces or special characters.

```config
v4l2_params "Brightness"=130,palette=15
```