### Method naming examples

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Examples of lowerCamelCase method naming, treating initialisms as words.

```text
luDecomposition
isRref
pdf
```

--------------------------------

### Aligned code example

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Example of aligned code which is considered good practice for readability.

```php
$x   = 12;
$x2  = 5;
$sum = $x + $x2;
```

--------------------------------

### Unaligned code example

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Example of unaligned code which is considered bad practice.

```php
$x = 12;
$x2 = 5;
$sum = $x + $x2;
```

--------------------------------

### Unit test structure with data provider

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Example of a unit test using the Given-When-Then pattern and a data provider for testing multiple inputs.

```php
/**
 * @test         add
 * @dataProvider dataProviderForAddition
 * @param        float $a
 * @param        float $b
 * @param        float $expectedSum
 */
public function testAddition(float $a, float $b, float $expectedSum)
{
    // Given
    $adder = new Adder();

    // When
    $sum = $adder->add($a, $b);

    // Then
    $this->assertEquals($expectedSum, $sum);
}

/**
 * @return array [a, b, sum]
 */
public function dataProviderForAddition(): array
{
    return [
        [0, 1, 1],
        [1, 1, 2],
        [4, 8, 12],
        [55.4, 12.4, 67.8],
        // .. more test cases
    ];
}
```

--------------------------------

### PHPDocBlock method documentation template

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Standard template for documenting methods, including descriptions, formulas, parameters, return values, and exceptions.

```php
/**
 * Method name
 *
 * Description of the method.
 * (link to citation)
 *
 * (Equation)
 * x = y
 *
 * @param int $x Description of parameter
 * @param int $y Description of parameter
 *
 * @return int
 * @throws Exception if x > b
 */
public function sum(int $x, int $y): int
```

--------------------------------

### Project Directory Structure

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Contributing

The standard directory layout for the Math PHP project, separating source code from unit tests.

```text
src/   <- code goes here
tests/ <- unit tests go here
```

--------------------------------

### Matrix variable naming convention

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Use common mathematical custom names like $A for a matrix when reasonable.

```php
$A
```

--------------------------------

### Logical code grouping

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Organize related code into blocks separated by newlines to improve readability when the focus changes.

```php
public function someFunction(int $a, int $b)
{
    // Validate inputs (Validation block)
    if ($a < 0) {
      throw new \Exception('A must be >= 0');
    }
    if ($b == 0) {
      throw new \Exception ('B must not == 0');
    }

    // Use XYZ method to compute e (Computation block)
    $c = $a + b;
    $d = $c + $a + 9;
    $e = $c + d;

    // (Final block)
    return $e;
}
```

--------------------------------

### General variable naming convention

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Use snake_case for general descriptive variable names.

```php
$snake_case_with_underscores
```

--------------------------------

### Variable naming preference for variance

Source: https://github.com/markrogoyski/math-php/wiki/Coding-Standards

Prefer concise mathematical symbols that match the equation being implemented over long descriptive names.

```text
σ² = $∑⟮xᵢ − μ⟯² / $ν;
```

```text
$variance = $sum_of_squared_deviations_x_against_mean / $degrees_of_freedom;
```

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