### Install Timeshift using Meson

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/docs/development.md

Installs the compiled Timeshift application to the system. Requires sudo privileges for system-wide installation.

```bash
sudo meson install -C build
```

--------------------------------

### Build Timeshift from Source

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Commands to install build dependencies, clone the Timeshift repository, and compile/install the application using Meson. Ensure all listed dependencies are installed before building.

```bash
# Install build dependencies (Debian/Ubuntu)
sudo apt install meson \
    help2man \
    gettext \
    valac \
    libvte-2.91-dev \
    libgee-0.8-dev \
    libjson-glib-dev \
    libxapp-dev

# Clone and build
git clone https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift.git
cd timeshift
meson setup build
meson compile -C build

# Install system-wide
sudo meson install -C build
```

--------------------------------

### Build Timeshift using Meson

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/docs/development.md

Sets up the build environment using Meson and then compiles the Timeshift project. Ensure dependencies are installed first.

```bash
meson setup build
meson compile -C build
```

--------------------------------

### Install Timeshift on ALT Linux

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Installs Timeshift on ALT Linux using apt-get with root privileges.

```shell
su -
apt-get update
apt-get install timeshift
```

--------------------------------

### Timeshift Cron Integration Examples

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Examples of cron job entries for automated Timeshift snapshots. Includes hourly, boot, and custom daily schedules. Ensure the path to the timeshift executable is correct.

```bash
# Hourly check script installed at /etc/cron.d/timeshift-hourly
# Contents: 0 * * * * root timeshift --check --scripted

# Boot snapshot script installed at /etc/cron.d/timeshift-boot
# Contents: @reboot root sleep 10m && timeshift --create --scripted --tags B

# Manual cron entry example for custom schedule
# Run daily at 2 AM
0 2 * * * root /usr/bin/timeshift --create --scripted --tags D >> /var/log/timeshift-cron.log 2>&1
```

--------------------------------

### Install Timeshift on Debian/Ubuntu

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Installs Timeshift on Debian-based systems using apt-get. Ensure your package list is updated before installation.

```shell
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install timeshift
```

--------------------------------

### Install Timeshift on Arch Linux

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Installs Timeshift on Arch Linux using pacman.

```shell
sudo pacman -S timeshift
```

--------------------------------

### Install Timeshift on Fedora

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Installs Timeshift on Fedora using dnf. Note that BTRFS snapshot support is limited to Ubuntu-specific layouts.

```shell
sudo dnf update
sudo dnf install timeshift
```

--------------------------------

### Timeshift Snapshot Tagging

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Examples of creating snapshots with specific tags (D for Daily, W for Weekly) and comments. Boot snapshots (B) are automatically created when schedule_boot is enabled.

```bash
# Available snapshot tags:
# O - OnDemand (manually created)
# B - Boot (created at system startup)
# H - Hourly
# D - Daily
# W - Weekly
# M - Monthly

# Create snapshot with daily tag
sudo timeshift --create --tags D --comments "Daily backup"

# Create snapshot with multiple tags (counts toward both retention limits)
sudo timeshift --create --tags "D,W" --comments "Combined daily/weekly"

# Boot snapshots are auto-created when schedule_boot is enabled
# They use a 10-minute startup delay to avoid impacting boot time
```

--------------------------------

### Install Timeshift Dependencies on Debian-based Systems

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/docs/development.md

Installs all required development dependencies for Timeshift using apt. Ensure you have sudo privileges.

```bash
sudo apt install meson \
help2man \
gettext \
valac \
libvte-2.91-dev \
libgee-0.8-dev \
libjson-glib-dev \
libxapp-dev
```

--------------------------------

### Create System Snapshots

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Generate new snapshots with support for custom comments, tags, and non-interactive execution.

```bash
# Create an on-demand snapshot immediately
sudo timeshift --create

# Create snapshot with a description
sudo timeshift --create --comments "Before system upgrade"

# Create snapshot with specific tags (O=OnDemand, B=Boot, H=Hourly, D=Daily, W=Weekly, M=Monthly)
sudo timeshift --create --tags D

# Create snapshot with multiple tags
sudo timeshift --create --tags "D,W" --comments "Weekly backup after kernel update"

# Create snapshot in scripted/non-interactive mode
sudo timeshift --create --scripted

# Create snapshot and auto-confirm prompts
sudo timeshift --create --yes
```

--------------------------------

### Restore System Snapshots

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Revert the system to a previous state, with options for target device selection and bootloader management.

```bash
# Interactive restore (prompts for all options)
sudo timeshift --restore

# Restore specific snapshot
sudo timeshift --restore --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08'

# Restore to a specific target device
sudo timeshift --restore --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08' --target /dev/sda1

# Restore with GRUB2 reinstallation on specific device
sudo timeshift --restore --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08' --target /dev/sda1 --grub /dev/sda

# Restore without reinstalling GRUB2
sudo timeshift --restore --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08' --skip-grub

# Non-interactive restore with auto-confirmation
sudo timeshift --restore --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08' --target /dev/sda1 --yes

# Fully scripted restore
sudo timeshift --restore --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08' --target /dev/sda1 --grub /dev/sda --scripted
```

--------------------------------

### List Snapshots via CLI

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Display available snapshots on the backup device, optionally filtering by device or UUID.

```bash
# List all snapshots
sudo timeshift --list

# List snapshots on a specific device
sudo timeshift --list --snapshot-device /dev/sda1

# List snapshots using device UUID
sudo timeshift --list --snapshot-device UUID=abc123-def456
```

--------------------------------

### List Available Storage Devices

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Identify devices with Linux filesystems suitable for storing snapshots.

```bash
# List all available devices with Linux filesystems
sudo timeshift --list-devices
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Snapshot Modes

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Toggle between RSYNC and BTRFS modes for snapshot operations.

```bash
# Use BTRFS mode (for systems with @ and @home subvolumes)
sudo timeshift --create --btrfs

# Use RSYNC mode (works on all Linux filesystems)
sudo timeshift --create --rsync

# List snapshots in BTRFS mode
sudo timeshift --list --btrfs

# Restore using specific mode
sudo timeshift --restore --rsync --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08'
```

--------------------------------

### Navigate to Timeshift Directory

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/docs/development.md

Changes the current directory to the cloned Timeshift repository folder. This is necessary before building.

```bash
cd timeshift
```

--------------------------------

### Debug and Verbose CLI Options

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Adjust output verbosity and access utility information.

```bash
# Show detailed debug messages
sudo timeshift --create --debug

# Show verbose rsync output (default)
sudo timeshift --create --verbose

# Hide rsync output
sudo timeshift --create --quiet

# Display version information
timeshift --version

# Display help message
timeshift --help
```

--------------------------------

### BTRFS Subvolume Layout Check

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Bash commands to verify the BTRFS subvolume layout and set the default subvolume. Ensure your system uses @ (root) and @home subvolumes for Timeshift compatibility.

```bash
# Check if root is on @ subvolume (outputs "OK" if correct)
grep -E '^[^#].+/.+\s+btrfs' /etc/fstab | \
grep -oE 'subvol=[^,]+' | \
cut -d= -f2 | \
grep -qE '^/?@$' && \
echo 'OK' || \
echo 'Not OK'

# Set default BTRFS subvolume to root (subvolid=5)
MP="$(mktemp -d)"
mount | awk '/on \/ type btrfs/{print $1}' | sudo xargs -I{} mount {} "$MP" && \
    sudo btrfs subvolume set-default 5 "$MP"; \
    sudo umount "$MP"
```

--------------------------------

### Timeshift Configuration File

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

The main configuration file for Timeshift, controlling backup devices, schedules, and exclusion filters. Ensure correct UUIDs and boolean values are used.

```json
{
  "backup_device_uuid": "abc123-def456-789",
  "parent_device_uuid": "",
  "do_first_run": "false",
  "btrfs_mode": "false",
  "include_btrfs_home_for_backup": "false",
  "include_btrfs_home_for_restore": "false",
  "stop_cron_emails": "true",
  "schedule_monthly": "true",
  "schedule_weekly": "true",
  "schedule_daily": "true",
  "schedule_hourly": "false",
  "schedule_boot": "true",
  "count_monthly": "2",
  "count_weekly": "3",
  "count_daily": "5",
  "count_hourly": "6",
  "count_boot": "5",
  "snapshot_size": "0",
  "snapshot_count": "0",
  "date_format": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
  "exclude": [
    "/home/user/Downloads/**",
    "/home/user/.cache/**",
    "+ /home/user/.config/**"
  ],
  "exclude-apps": []
}
```

--------------------------------

### Check Scheduled Snapshots

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Verify if a scheduled snapshot is due and trigger creation if necessary.

```bash
# Check and create snapshot if scheduled
sudo timeshift --check

# Check in scripted mode (for cron jobs)
sudo timeshift --check --scripted
```

--------------------------------

### Clone Timeshift Repository

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/docs/development.md

Clones the Timeshift source code repository from GitHub. Use this command in your development environment.

```bash
git clone git@github.com:linuxmint/timeshift.git
```

--------------------------------

### Timeshift Backup Hook Script

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

A bash script executed after each snapshot is created. It can be used to perform additional tasks, such as syncing data, and has access to the snapshot path via TS_SNAPSHOT_PATH.

```bash
#!/bin/bash
# /etc/timeshift/backup-hooks.d/01-notify-backup
# Send notification after backup completes

echo "Backup completed at $(date)" >> /var/log/timeshift-hooks.log
echo "Snapshot path: $TS_SNAPSHOT_PATH" >> /var/log/timeshift-hooks.log

# Example: sync additional data
if [ -d "$TS_SNAPSHOT_PATH" ]; then
    rsync -av /boot/efi/ "$TS_SNAPSHOT_PATH/boot-efi-backup/"
fi
```

--------------------------------

### Timeshift Restore Hook Script

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

A bash script that runs after a restore operation completes, before system reboot. Useful for post-restore customizations like fixing permissions or updating package caches.

```bash
#!/bin/bash
# /etc/timeshift/restore-hooks.d/01-fix-permissions
# Fix permissions after restore

# Restore correct permissions on sensitive directories
chmod 700 /root
chmod 755 /home/*

# Regenerate machine-id if needed
if [ ! -s /etc/machine-id ]; then
    systemd-machine-id-setup
fi

# Update package cache
apt-get update || true
```

--------------------------------

### Delete Snapshots

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

Remove individual snapshots or clear all existing backups from the storage device.

```bash
# Delete a specific snapshot (interactive selection)
sudo timeshift --delete

# Delete specific snapshot by name
sudo timeshift --delete --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08'

# Delete all snapshots
sudo timeshift --delete-all

# Delete with auto-confirmation
sudo timeshift --delete --snapshot '2024-10-12_16-29-08' --yes
```

--------------------------------

### Check BTRFS Root Subvolume

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Verifies if the BTRFS root subvolume is set to '@' or '/@'. This script helps ensure the correct BTRFS layout for Timeshift compatibility.

```shell
grep -E '^[^#].+/	+btrfs' /etc/fstab |
grep -oE 'subvol=[^,]+' |
cut -d= -f2 |
grep -qE '^/?@$' && \
echo 'OK' || \
echo 'Not OK'
```

--------------------------------

### Remove Timeshift (Debian/Ubuntu)

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Removes Timeshift from Debian-based systems using apt-get.

```shell
sudo apt-get remove timeshift
```

--------------------------------

### Remove Timeshift (ALT Linux)

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Removes Timeshift from ALT Linux using apt-get with root privileges.

```shell
su - -c "apt-get remove timeshift"
```

--------------------------------

### Timeshift Default Exclusions

Source: https://context7.com/linuxmint/timeshift/llms.txt

A list of system paths that Timeshift automatically excludes from snapshots. These are always excluded and cannot be overridden, preventing issues with volatile and temporary data.

```bash
# Default excluded paths (always excluded):
/dev/*
/proc/*
/sys/*
/media/*
/mnt/*
/tmp/*
/run/*
/var/run/*
/var/lock/*
/var/lib/dhcpcd/*
/var/lib/docker/*
/var/lib/schroot/*
/lost+found
/timeshift/*
/timeshift-btrfs/*
/swapfile
/snap/*
```

--------------------------------

### Set Default BTRFS Subvolume

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Sets the default BTRFS subvolume to '/' (root). This is necessary for Timeshift to correctly manage snapshots on BTRFS filesystems.

```shell
MP="$(mktemp -d)"
mount | awk '/on 	/ type btrfs/{print $1}' | sudo xargs -I{} mount {} "$MP" && \
sudo btrfs subvolume set-default 5 "$MP"; \
sudo umount "$MP"
```

--------------------------------

### Remove Timeshift (Arch)

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Removes Timeshift from Arch Linux using pacman.

```shell
sudo pacman -R timeshift
```

--------------------------------

### Remove Timeshift (Fedora)

Source: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift/blob/master/README.md

Removes Timeshift from Fedora using dnf.

```shell
sudo dnf remove timeshift
```

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