### Install Honeystone DTO Tools

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Installs the honeystone/laravel-dto-tools package using Composer. This is the primary step to integrate the DTO tools into your Laravel project.

```shell
composer require honeystone/laravel-dto-tools
```

--------------------------------

### Basic ModelTransformer Setup

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Defines a basic ArticleTransformer extending the abstract ModelTransformer. It specifies the target DTO class (`ArticleData`) and prepares for model transformations.

```PHP
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Domains\Articles\Data\Transformers;

use App\Domains\Articles\Data\ArticleData;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Transformers\ModelTransformer;

final class ArticleTransformer extends ModelTransformer
{
    protected string $dataClass = ArticleData::class;
}
```

--------------------------------

### PHP DTO Instantiation Examples

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Shows two ways to instantiate a DTO using the `make` method, either by passing individual parameters or by using `Arr::only` to extract relevant data from a source array.

```PHP
$data = ArticleData::make(
    title: $source['title'],
    description: $source['description'],
    status: $source['status'],
    modified: $source['modified'],
);

//or even cleaner
$data = ArticleData::make(Arr::only($source, 'title', 'description', 'status', 'modified'));
```

--------------------------------

### PHP: ToMany Relationship Methods

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Provides examples of common methods for managing to-many relationships, including checking for existence, getting related items, additions, removals, and resetting relationship state.

```php
$data->relationships()->hasToMany('bar');
$data->relationships()->getManyRelated('bar'); //plus any additions, minus any removals
$data->relationships()->getManyAdditions('bar');
$data->relationships()->getManyRemovals('bar');
$data->relationships()->addToManyRelation('bar', 123, []); //param 3 optional
$data->relationships()->removeToManyRelation('bar', 123);
$data->relationships()->replaceToMany('bar', 123, []); //param 3 optional, clears addition and removals
$data->relationships()->resetToMany('bar'); //clears addition and removals
$data->relationships()->getMetaData('bar');
$data->relationships()->setMetaData('bar', []);
```

--------------------------------

### PHP Available Caster Attributes

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Lists and describes the available built-in caster attributes for DTOs, including DateTimeCaster, EnumCaster, NullCaster, and ScalarCaster, with examples of their parameters.

```PHP
#[DateTimeCaster('Y-m-d')] //takes a format string, or defaults to iso-8601
#[EnumCaster(Status::class, State::class)] //takes one or more enum class strings
#[NullCaster('', '-')] //takes one or more values that should be converted to null
#[ScalarCaster('bool', 'null')] //takes one or more accepted types, if no types match it will cast to the last type
```

--------------------------------

### PHP: Get Serialized Relationships

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Explains how to retrieve serialized relationship data from a DTO, either as part of the full storable array or as a separate collection of relationships.

```php
Serialized relationships are included in `toStorableArray()`, or you can grab just the relationships with `getRelationships()`.
```

--------------------------------

### Force Nullable Property to be Storable

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

This PHP example demonstrates the use of the `force()` method to explicitly mark a property with a null value as storable, overriding the default exclusion behavior in patching mode. `getForced()` can retrieve a list of these forced properties.

```php
$data = echo SomeData::make(foo: 'value', bar: null);

$data->force('bar');

$data->isStorable('bar'); //true
```

--------------------------------

### Serialize Storable Data Excluding Nulls

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

This PHP example shows how `toStorableArray()` serializes a `Storable` object in patching mode. Null values for properties are automatically excluded from the resulting array, unlike the standard `toArray()` method.

```php
echo SomeData::make(foo: 'value', bar: null)->toStorableArray(); //['foo' => 'value']
echo SomeData::make(foo: 'value', bar: null)->toArray();         //['foo' => 'value', 'bar => null]
```

--------------------------------

### Publish Configuration File

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Publishes the configuration file for the honeystone/laravel-dto-tools package to your Laravel project. This allows for customization of package behavior.

```shell
php artisan vendor:publish --tag=honeystone-dto-tools-config
```

--------------------------------

### Instantiate DTO with Property Casting

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Shows how to create an instance of a DTO using the static `make()` method. This method facilitates property casting and transformation of source data, such as converting string representations to enums or formatted dates.

```php
$data = ArticleData::make(
    title: $source['title'],
    description: $source['description'] === '' ? null : $source['description'],
    status: $source['status'] === 'published' ? Status::PUBLISHED : Status::DRAFT,
    modified: Carbon::make($source['modified'])->toIso8601String(),
);
```

--------------------------------

### PHP DTO Property Transformation (Incoming)

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates how to transform incoming data parameters for a DTO by implementing a static `transformIncoming` method, modifying all parameters before they are used.

```PHP
final readonly class SomeData implements Transferable
{
    use HasTransferableData;

    public function __construct(
        public string $foo,
        public string $bar,
    ) {
    }

    protected static function transformIncoming(array $parameters): array
    {
        return array_map(static fn (string $value): string => "🔥 $value 🔥", $parameters);
    }
}
```

```PHP
echo SomeData::make(['foo', 'bar'])->getAttributes(); //['foo' => '🔥 foo 🔥', 'bar' => '🔥 bar 🔥']
```

--------------------------------

### PHP: ToOne Relationship Methods

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates the methods available for managing to-one relationships, such as checking for existence, retrieving, setting, and unsetting a single related item.

```php
$data->relationships()->hasToOne('foo');
$data->relationships()->getOneRelated('foo');
$data->relationships()->setOneRelated('foo', 123);
$data->relationships()->unsetOneRelated('foo');
```

--------------------------------

### Passing Parameters to transform()

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates how to pass additional parameters to the `transform()` and `transformCollection()` methods, which can then be utilized within the `map()` method.

```PHP
$transformer->transform(Article::first(), foo: 'bar');
$transformer->transformCollection(Article::all(), foo: 'bar', bar: 'baz');
```

--------------------------------

### On-the-Fly Transformation Adjustments

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Shows how to modify the transformation process dynamically using `exclude()` and `override()` methods chained before calling `transform()` or `transformCollection()`.

```PHP
$transformer
    ->exclude('foo', 'bar')
    ->override(['status' => 'preview'])
    ->transform(Article::first()); //transform() or transformCollection()
```

--------------------------------

### Transforming Models with ArticleTransformer

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates how to use the configured ArticleTransformer to transform single Models or collections of Models into DTOs. It utilizes the `transform()` and `transformCollection()` methods.

```PHP
$transformer = app(ArticleTransformer::class);

$transformer->transform(Article::first());
$transformer->transformCollection(Article::all());
```

--------------------------------

### PHP Custom Caster Attributes

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Illustrates the implementation of custom caster attributes in PHP, extending the `CastsValues` interface to define specific value casting logic.

```PHP
use Attribute;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Casters\Contracts\CastsValues;

#[Attribute]
final readonly class MyCaster implements CastsValues
{
    public function cast(mixed $value): mixed
    {
        //...
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### PHP DTO with Property Casting

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates using PHP attributes to cast and mutate DTO property values before instantiation. Includes casting to null, enums, and ISO-8601 date formats.

```PHP
use App\Domains\Articles\Data\Enums\Status;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Casters\DateTimeCaster;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Casters\EnumCaster;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Casters\NullCaster;

final readonly class ArticleData implements Transferable
{
    use HasTransferableData;

    public function __construct(
        public string $title,

        #[NullCaster('')]
        public ?string $description,

        #[EnumCaster(Status::class)]
        public Status $status,

        #[DateTimeCaster]
        public string $modified,
    ) {
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Customizing Transformation with map() Method

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Illustrates how to implement a custom `map()` method in the ModelTransformer to control the transformation logic, allowing for data manipulation and conditional mapping.

```PHP
final class ArticleTransformer extends ModelTransformer
{
    protected string $dataClass = ArticleData::class;

    protected function map(Model $model): array
    {
        return [
            'title' => Str::title($model->title),
            'status' => in_array($model->status, ['published', 'active']) ? 'published' : 'draft',
            ...$model->only('description', 'modified'),
        ];
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### PHP: Supported Relationship Attributes

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Lists the supported relationship attributes for defining to-one and to-many relationships in DTOs, specifying the allowed data types for the relationship IDs.

```php
<?php
#[ToOne(['foo' => 'int|string|null'])]
#[ToMany(['bar' => 'int|string|empty'])]
```

--------------------------------

### Transforming Relationships with ModelTransformer

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Explains how to handle model relationships during transformation using `includeRelated()` and `requireRelated()`, which leverage configured ModelTransformers for related models.

```PHP
final class ArticleTransformer extends ModelTransformer
{
    protected string $dataClass = ArticleData::class;

    protected function map(Model $model): array
    {
        return [
            'title' => Str::title($model->title),
            'status' => in_array($model->status, ['published', 'active']) ? 'published' : 'draft',
            ...$model->only('description', 'modified'),
            'tags' => $this->includeRelated('tags', $model->tags),
            'category' => $this->requireRelated('category', $model->category),
        ];
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Passing Parameters to Related Transformations

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates passing additional parameters, including `exclude` and `override` options, to `includeRelated()` and `requireRelated()` methods, which are then forwarded to the respective related ModelTransformers.

```PHP
final class ArticleTransformer extends ModelTransformer
{
    protected string $dataClass = ArticleData::class;

    protected function map(Model $model): array
    {
        return [
            //...
            'category' => $this->requireRelated(
                'category',
                $model->category,
                exclude: ['foo', 'bar'],
                override: ['status' => 'preview'],
                bar: 'baz', //passed onto map() method
            ),
        ];
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Specifying Fields for Transformation

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Shows how to use the `$only` property within the ModelTransformer to explicitly define which model attributes should be included in the DTO transformation.

```PHP
final class ArticleTransformer extends ModelTransformer
{
    protected string $dataClass = ArticleData::class;

    protected array $only = [
        'title',
        'description',
        'status',
        'modified',
    ];
}
```

--------------------------------

### Define ArticlePatchData with Storable

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

This PHP code defines an `ArticlePatchData` class that implements the `Storable` contract and uses the `HasStorableData` trait. It's designed to handle partial updates for article data, including title, description, status, and modification timestamp.

```php
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Domains\Articles\Data;

use App\Domains\Articles\Data\Enums\Status;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Concerns\HasStorableData;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Contracts\Storable;

final class ArticlePatchData implements Storable
{
    use HasStorableData;

    public function __construct(
        public readonly string $title,
        public readonly ?string $description,
        public readonly Status $status,
        public readonly string $modified,
    )
    {
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### PHP DTO Snake Case Conversion Traits

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Utilizes `CreatableFromSnake` and `SerializesToSnake` traits to automatically handle conversion between snake_case and camelCase for DTO creation and serialization.

```PHP
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Concerns\CreatableFromSnake;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Concerns\SerializesToSnake;

final readonly class SomeData implements Transferable
{
    use HasTransferableData, CreatableFromSnake, SerializesToSnake;

    public function __construct(
        public string $someProperty,
    ) {
    }
}
```

```PHP
echo SomeData::make(some_property: 'value')->getAttributes(); //['someProperty'  => 'value']
echo SomeData::make(some_property: 'value')->toArray();       //['some_property' => 'value']
```

--------------------------------

### PHP DTO Property Transformation (Outgoing)

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Shows how to transform outgoing data for DTO serialization using a static `transformOutgoing` method, affecting how data is represented when serialized.

```PHP
final readonly class SomeData implements Transferable
{
    use HasTransferableData

    public function __construct(
        public string $foo,
        public string $bar,
    ) {
    }

    protected static function transformOutgoing(array $parameters): array
    {
        return array_map(static fn (string $value): string => "🔥 $value 🔥", $parameters);
    }
}
```

```PHP
echo SomeData::make(['foo', 'bar'])->getAttributes(); //['foo' => 'foo',       'bar' => 'bar']
echo SomeData::make(['foo', 'bar'])->toArray();       //['foo' => '🔥 foo 🔥', 'bar' => '🔥 bar 🔥']
```

--------------------------------

### PHP: Add Item to ToMany Relationship with Metadata

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Shows how to add an item to a to-many relationship using the `addToManyRelation` method. It illustrates adding an item with its ID and optional metadata.

```php
$data = ArticlePatchData::make(...);

$data->relationships()->addToManyRelation('foo', 123, ['priority' => 5]);
```

--------------------------------

### Define a Laravel DTO with Transferable Contract

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates how to define a Data Transfer Object (DTO) in PHP for Laravel. The DTO must implement the `Transferable` contract and use the `HasTransferableData` trait provided by the package.

```php
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Domains\Articles\Data;

use App\Domains\Articles\Data\Enums\Status;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Concerns\HasTransferableData;
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Contracts\Transferable;

final readonly class ArticleData implements Transferable
{
    use HasTransferableData;

    public function __construct(
        public string $title,
        public ?string $description,
        public Status $status,
        public string $modified,
    ) {
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Enable Patching Mode with #[Patch] Attribute

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

This PHP code snippet demonstrates how to enable patching mode for a `Storable` data class by applying the `#[Patch]` attribute. This attribute modifies the serialization behavior to exclude null values.

```php
<?php
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Attributes\Patch;

#[Patch]
final class ArticlePatchData implements Storable
{
    use HasStorableData;

    public function __construct(
        //...
    )
    {
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### PHP: Add Related Object to ToMany Relationship

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Illustrates adding a related object (like a DTO) to a to-many relationship. The library uses the object's `getKey()` method to determine the ID and allows for additional metadata.

```php
$data = ArticlePatchData::make(...);

$data->relationships()->addToManyRelation('foo', TagData::make(...), TagMetaData::make(...));
```

--------------------------------

### PHP: Define Storable Relationship with ToMany Attribute

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates how to define a to-many relationship for tags in a Laravel DTO using the `ToMany` attribute. This approach provides type safety and allows for adding, removing, or replacing related items.

```php
<?php
use Honeystone\DtoTools\Attributes\ToMany;

#[Patch]
#[ToMany(['tags' => 'int|empty'])]
final class ArticlePatchData implements Storable
{
    use HasStorableData;

    public function __construct(
        //...
    ) {
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Check if Property is Storable

Source: https://github.com/honeystone/laravel-dto-tools/blob/master/README.md

This PHP code illustrates how to use the `isStorable()` method to determine if a specific property of a `Storable` object is eligible for serialization, considering the patching mode and nullability.

```php
$data = echo SomeData::make(foo: 'value', bar: null);

$data->isStorable('foo'); //true
$data->isStorable('bar'); //false
```

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