### Install Zig Executable and Build Arguments

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Installs the Zig executable, build arguments, working directory, and install prefix using a CMake script. This makes these variables available in the installed environment.

```cmake
set(ZIG_EXECUTABLE "$<TARGET_FILE:zig2>")

install(CODE "set(ZIG_EXECUTABLE \"${ZIG_EXECUTABLE}\")")
install(CODE "set(ZIG_BUILD_ARGS \"${ZIG_BUILD_ARGS}\")")
install(CODE "set(ZIG2_WORKING_DIR \"${ZIG2_WORKING_DIR}\")")
install(CODE "set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX \"${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}\")")
install(SCRIPT cmake/install.cmake)
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Dev Kit Download URL Example

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Example URL format for downloading the Windows Zig Compiler Dev Kit. Replace $VERSION with the appropriate version number.

```text
https://ziglang.org/deps/zig+llvm+lld+clang-x86_64-windows-gnu-$VERSION.zip
```

--------------------------------

### Build and Install with MSBuild

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Build the project using MSBuild with the Release configuration and install the artifacts.

```bat
msbuild -p:Configuration=Release INSTALL.vcxproj
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Base64 Encoding Example

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Demonstrates how to encode a string into Base64 format using Zig's `std.base64.standard.Encoder`.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const base64 = std.base64;
const testing = std.testing;

test "base64 encoding" {
    const input = "Hello, World!";
    var encoded: [100]u8 = undefined;

    const encoded_slice = base64.standard.Encoder.encode(&encoded, input);
    try testing.expectEqualStrings("SGVsbG8sIFdvcmxkIQ==", encoded_slice);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Build with Ninja

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Install the build artifacts using Ninja after CMake configuration.

```bat
ninja install
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Base64 Decoding Example

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Shows how to decode a Base64 encoded string back to its original form using Zig's `std.base64.standard.Decoder`.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const base64 = std.base64;
const testing = std.testing;

test "base64 decoding" {
    const encoded = "SGVsbG8sIFdvcmxkIQ==";
    var decoded: [100]u8 = undefined;

    const decoded_slice = try base64.standard.Decoder.decode(&decoded, encoded);
    try testing.expectEqualStrings("Hello, World!", decoded_slice);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Example Huffman Encoding Sequence

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/lib/std/compress/testdata/rfc8478.txt

Shows the encoding of the literal sequence '0145' using the previously defined prefix codes. The example includes padding to form a complete byte sequence.

```text
+---------+----------+
| Symbol  | Encoding |
+---------+----------+
|    5    |   0000   |
+---------+----------+
|    4    |   0001   |
+---------+----------+
|    1    |    01    |
+---------+----------+
|    0    |    1     |
+---------+----------+
| Padding |   00001  |
+---------+----------+
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Fixed Buffer Allocator Example

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Shows the FixedBufferAllocator, which allocates from a pre-defined buffer. Useful for embedded systems or scenarios with known memory limits.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const mem = std.mem;
const Allocator = mem.Allocator;
const testing = std.testing;

test "fixed buffer allocator" {
    var buffer: [1024]u8 = undefined;
    var fba = std.heap.FixedBufferAllocator.init(&buffer);
    const allocator = fba.allocator();

    const slice = try allocator.alloc(u8, 100);
    try testing.expectEqual(@as(usize, 100), slice.len);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Build Zig from Source with CMake

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Standard CMake build process for compiling Zig from source. Ensure CMake and system toolchains are installed. LLVM development libraries are required.

```sh
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make install
```

--------------------------------

### Configure and Build LLD (Release Mode)

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Configures and builds the LLD linker in release mode. This command sets installation and prefix paths, and specifies release runtime libraries.

```bat
mkdir C:\Users\Andy\lld-21.0.0.src\build-release
cd C:\Users\Andy\lld-21.0.0.src\build-release
"c:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" .. -Thost=x64 -G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A x64 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=C:\Users\Andy\llvm+clang+lld-14.0.6-x86_64-windows-msvc-release-mt -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Users\Andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-release-mt -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLVM_USE_CRT_RELEASE=MT
msbuild /m -p:Configuration=Release INSTALL.vcxproj
```

--------------------------------

### Zig StringHashMap Usage Example

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Illustrates how to use StringHashMap for key-value storage with string keys. Includes insertion, retrieval, and iteration. Requires the testing allocator.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const StringHashMap = std.StringHashMap;
const AutoHashMap = std.AutoHashMap;
const testing = std.testing;

test "StringHashMap usage" {
    var map = StringHashMap(i32).init(testing.allocator);
    defer map.deinit();

    try map.put("hello", 42);
    try map.put("world", 100);

    const value = map.get("hello");
    try testing.expectEqual(@as(?i32, 42), value);

    // Check if key exists
    try testing.expect(map.contains("world"));
    try testing.expect(!map.contains("missing"));

    // Iterate over entries
    var iterator = map.iterator();
    while (iterator.next()) |entry| {
        _ = entry.key_ptr.*;
        _ = entry.value_ptr.*;
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Zig AutoHashMap with Integer Keys Example

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Demonstrates AutoHashMap with integer keys and string slice values. Requires the testing allocator.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const StringHashMap = std.StringHashMap;
const AutoHashMap = std.AutoHashMap;
const testing = std.testing;

test "AutoHashMap with integer keys" {
    var map = AutoHashMap(u32, []const u8).init(testing.allocator);
    defer map.deinit();

    try map.put(1, "one");
    try map.put(2, "two");

    try testing.expectEqualStrings("one", map.get(1).?);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Set Default Installation Prefix in CMake

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Configures the installation directory for the project, defaulting to a 'stage3' subdirectory within the binary directory. This allows for isolated installations.

```cmake
if(NOT CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX)
    set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/stage3" CACHE PATH
      "Directory to install zig to" FORCE)
endif()
```

--------------------------------

### Example 2-Byte Bitstream

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/lib/std/compress/testdata/rfc8478.txt

Represents the 2-byte bitstream generated from the Huffman encoding of '0145'. This shows the raw bit sequence before and after symbolic separation.

```text
00010000 00001101
```

```text
0001_0000 00001_1_01
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Testing Framework Examples

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Demonstrates various assertion types available in Zig's testing module, including equality, error expectations, slice comparison, string comparison, and approximate floating-point equality.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const testing = std.testing;

fn add(a: i32, b: i32) i32 {
    return a + b;
}

test "basic addition" {
    try testing.expectEqual(@as(i32, 5), add(2, 3));
}

test "expect error" {
    const result = error.SomeError;
    try testing.expectError(error.SomeError, @as(anyerror!void, result));
}

test "expect equal slices" {
    const expected = "hello";
    const actual = "hello";
    try testing.expectEqualSlices(u8, expected, actual);
}

test "expect strings" {
    try testing.expectEqualStrings("hello", "hello");
}

test "approximate equality for floats" {
    try testing.expectApproxEqAbs(@as(f32, 1.0), @as(f32, 1.001), 0.01);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Arena Allocator Example

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Demonstrates the ArenaAllocator for managing multiple allocations that are freed together upon deinitialization. Uses the page allocator as a backend.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const mem = std.mem;
const Allocator = mem.Allocator;
const testing = std.testing;

test "arena allocator" {
    var arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(std.heap.page_allocator);
    defer arena.deinit();

    const allocator = arena.allocator();

    // Multiple allocations - all freed at once with arena.deinit()
    const a = try allocator.alloc(u8, 100);
    const b = try allocator.alloc(i32, 50);
    _ = a;
    _ = b;
    // No need to free individual allocations
}
```

--------------------------------

### Build LLVM/Clang in Debug Mode (Windows)

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

These commands are for building a debug version of LLVM and Clang on Windows. Note the different installation paths and build type.

```bat
mkdir C:\Users\Andy\clang-21.0.0.src\build-debug
cd C:\Users\Andy\clang-21.0.0.src\build-debug
"c:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" .. -Thost=x64 -G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A x64 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=C:\Users\andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-debug -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Users\andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-debug -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DLLVM_USE_CRT_DEBUG=MTd
msbuild /m INSTALL.vcxproj
```

--------------------------------

### Configure and Build LLD (Debug Mode)

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Configures and builds the LLD linker in debug mode. This command sets installation and prefix paths, and specifies debug runtime libraries.

```bat
mkdir C:\Users\Andy\lld-21.0.0.src\build-debug
cd C:\Users\Andy\lld-21.0.0.src\build-debug
"c:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" .. -Thost=x64 -G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A x64 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=C:\Users\andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-debug -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Users\andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-debug -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DLLVM_USE_CRT_DEBUG=MTd
msbuild /m INSTALL.vcxproj
```

--------------------------------

### Build LLVM/Clang in Release Mode (POSIX)

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Compile LLVM and Clang in release mode on POSIX systems using CMake and Ninja. This installs to a user-defined prefix.

```sh
cd ~/Downloads
git clone --depth 1 --branch release/21.x https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project llvm-project-21
cd llvm-project-21
git checkout release/21.x

mkdir build-release
cd build-release
cmake ../llvm \
  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/local/llvm21-assert \
  -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
  -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="lld;clang" \
  -DLLVM_ENABLE_LIBXML2=OFF \
  -DLLVM_ENABLE_TERMINFO=OFF \
  -DLLVM_ENABLE_LIBEDIT=OFF \
  -DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=ON \
  -DLLVM_PARALLEL_LINK_JOBS=1 \
  -G Ninja
ninja install
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Test Backend and Target Configuration

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/test/cases/README.md

Configure the test runner to use specific backends and targets. This example specifies 'selfhosted' and 'llvm' backends, and 'x86_64-linux' and 'x86_64-macos' targets.

```zig
// run
// backend=selfhosted,llvm
// target=x86_64-linux,x86_64-macos
```

--------------------------------

### Zig ArrayList Usage Example

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Demonstrates the usage of ArrayList for dynamic array operations like appending, slicing, and popping elements. Requires the testing allocator.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const ArrayList = std.ArrayList;
const testing = std.testing;

test "ArrayList usage" {
    var list = ArrayList(i32).init(testing.allocator);
    defer list.deinit();

    // Append items
    try list.append(42);
    try list.append(100);
    try list.appendSlice(&[_]i32{ 1, 2, 3 });

    try testing.expectEqual(@as(usize, 5), list.items.len);
    try testing.expectEqual(@as(i32, 42), list.items[0]);

    // Pop item
    const popped = list.pop();
    try testing.expectEqual(@as(i32, 3), popped);

    // Convert to owned slice
    const owned = try list.toOwnedSlice();
    defer testing.allocator.free(owned);
    try testing.expectEqual(@as(usize, 4), owned.len);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Build LLDB Fork with Zig Support

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Use these CMake commands to build the LLDB fork with Zig support. Ensure prerequisites are installed and consider configuring optional dependencies if CMake cannot find them.

```sh
cmake llvm -G Ninja -B build -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang;lldb" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=ON -DLLDB_ENABLE_LIBEDIT=ON -DLLDB_ENABLE_PYTHON=ON
cmake --build build --target lldb --target lldb-server
```

--------------------------------

### Example Huffman Prefix Codes

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/lib/std/compress/testdata/rfc8478.txt

Illustrates the distribution of prefix codes based on literal weights. This table shows the final prefix codes assigned to each literal after sorting by weight and then sequential order.

```text
+---------+--------+----------------+--------------+
| Literal | Weight | Number_Of_Bits | Prefix Codes |
+---------+--------+----------------|--------------+
|    3    |   0    |        0       |      N/A     |
+---------+--------+----------------|--------------+
|    4    |   1    |        4       |     0000     |
+---------+--------+----------------|--------------+
|    5    |   1    |        4       |     0001     |
+---------+--------+----------------|--------------+
|    2    |   2    |        3       |      001     |
+---------+--------+----------------|--------------+
|    1    |   3    |        2       |       01     |
+---------+--------+----------------|--------------+
|    0    |   4    |        1       |        1     |
+---------+--------+----------------|--------------+
```

--------------------------------

### Build Zig from Source Using Prebuilt Zig

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Build Zig using a prior Zig build and LLVM libraries. Requires setting ZIG_PREFIX and LLVM_PREFIX environment variables or providing paths directly. Use '-Dstatic-llvm' for static LLVM linking.

```sh
"$ZIG_PREFIX/zig" build \
  -p stage3 \
  --search-prefix "$LLVM_PREFIX" \
  --zig-lib-dir "lib" \
  -Dstatic-llvm
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Hello World Program

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

The standard entry point for a Zig program that prints 'Hello, World!' to the console. Requires standard library import.

```zig
const std = @import("std");

pub fn main(init: std.process.Init) !void {
    try std.Io.File.stdout().writeStreamingAll(init.io, "Hello, World!\n");
}
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Build System Configuration

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Shows a basic Zig build script (`build.zig`) for creating an executable, linking system libraries, and defining run/test steps.

```zig
const std = @import("std");

pub fn build(b: *std.Build) void {
    // Standard target options
    const target = b.standardTargetOptions(.{});
    const optimize = b.standardOptimizeOption(.{});

    // Add executable
    const exe = b.addExecutable(.{
        .name = "myapp",
        .root_module = b.createModule(.{
            .root_source_file = b.path("src/main.zig"),
            .target = target,
            .optimize = optimize,
        }),
    });

    // Link system library
    exe.linkSystemLibrary("c");

    // Install artifact
    b.installArtifact(exe);

    // Add run step
    const run_cmd = b.addRunArtifact(exe);
    run_cmd.step.dependOn(b.getInstallStep());

    const run_step = b.step("run", "Run the application");
    run_step.dependOn(&run_cmd.step);

    // Add test step
    const unit_tests = b.addTest(.{
        .root_module = b.createModule(.{
            .root_source_file = b.path("src/main.zig"),
            .target = target,
            .optimize = optimize,
        }),
    });

    const test_step = b.step("test", "Run unit tests");
    test_step.dependOn(&b.addRunArtifact(unit_tests).step);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Build with Zig build system

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Build the project using the Zig build system, specifying the output path, search prefix for dependencies, Zig library directory, and target architecture. The `-Dstatic-llvm` flag is used to link LLVM statically.

```bat
$DEVKIT\bin\zig.exe build -p stage3 --search-prefix $DEVKIT --zig-lib-dir lib -Dstatic-llvm -Duse-zig-libcxx -Dtarget=x86_64-windows-gnu
```

--------------------------------

### Serve Standard Library Autodocs

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

The `zig std` command spawns an HTTP server to provide Autodoc assets for the standard library on the fly, allowing for immediate reflection of source changes.

```zig
zig std
```

--------------------------------

### Run Standard Library Tests with Native Target

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Executes the standard library tests using only the native target configuration. This is estimated to complete in 3 minutes.

```bash
zig build test-std -Dno-matrix
```

--------------------------------

### Build LLVM/Clang in Release Mode (Windows)

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Use these commands to create a release build of LLVM and Clang on Windows. Ensure CMake and MSBuild are in your PATH.

```bat
mkdir C:\Users\Andy\clang-21.0.0.src\build-release
cd C:\Users\Andy\clang-21.0.0.src\build-release
"c:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" .. -Thost=x64 -G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A x64 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=C:\Users\Andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-release-mt -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Users\Andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-release-mt -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLVM_USE_CRT_RELEASE=MT
msbuild /m -p:Configuration=Release INSTALL.vcxproj
```

--------------------------------

### Configure LLDB Pretty Printers for Zig

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Add these commands to your `~/.lldbinit` file to enable pretty printers for debugging Zig code. The specific commands depend on whether you are debugging Zig code compiled with Zig's LLVM backend.

```lldb
command script import /path/to/zig/tools/lldb_pretty_printers.py
```

```lldb
type category enable zig.lang
```

```lldb
type category enable zig.std
```

```lldb
type category enable zig.stage2
```

--------------------------------

### Define Build Arguments for zig2

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Sets up arguments for building the 'zig2' executable, specifying source directories, build options, and dependencies.

```cmake
set(BUILD_ZIG2_ARGS
  "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib"
  build-exe -ofmt=c -lc -OReleaseSmall
  --name zig2
  -femit-bin="${ZIG2_C_SOURCE}"
  -target "${ZIG_HOST_TARGET_TRIPLE}"
  --dep "build_options"
  --dep "aro"
  "-Mroot=src/main.zig"
  "-Mbuild_options=${ZIG_CONFIG_ZIG_OUT}"
  "-Maro=lib/compiler/aro/aro.zig"
)
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Generic List Structure

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Defines a generic `List` type using `comptime` that can hold items of any specified type `T`. Includes a `get` method for accessing items.

```zig
// Generic data structure
fn List(comptime T: type) type {
    return struct {
        items: []T,
        len: usize,

        const Self = @This();

        pub fn get(self: Self, index: usize) T {
            return self.items[index];
        }
    };
}

test "generic list" {
    var buffer: [10]i32 = undefined;
    var list = List(i32){
        .items = &buffer,
        .len = 0,
    };
    _ = list;
}
```

--------------------------------

### Test Standard Library from Build Subdirectory

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

If using `-Dno-lib` and operating from a `build/` subdirectory, the `--zig-lib-dir` argument can be omitted when directly testing the standard library.

```bash
stage3/bin/zig test ../lib/std/std.zig
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Sorting Algorithms

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Shows how to use `std.sort.insertion` and `std.sort.heap` for sorting slices. Requires a `lessThan` comparison function.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const sort = std.sort;
const testing = std.testing;

test "sorting slices" {
    var items = [_]i32{ 5, 3, 8, 1, 9, 2 };

    // Sort using insertion sort (stable, good for small arrays)
    sort.insertion(i32, &items, {}, struct {
        fn lessThan(_: void, a: i32, b: i32) bool {
            return a < b;
        }
    }.lessThan);

    try testing.expectEqual([_]i32{ 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9 }, items);
}
```

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const sort = std.sort;
const testing = std.testing;

test "heap sort" {
    var items = [_]i32{ 5, 3, 8, 1, 9, 2 };

    sort.heap(i32, &items, {}, struct {
        fn lessThan(_: void, a: i32, b: i32) bool {
            return a < b;
        }
    }.lessThan);

    try testing.expectEqual([_]i32{ 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9 }, items);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Directly Test Standard Library with `zig test`

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Use `zig test` directly to run standard library tests from the repository root. Specify `--zig-lib-dir` if not in a `build/` subdirectory.

```bash
zig test lib/std/std.zig --zig-lib-dir lib
```

--------------------------------

### Configure CMake with Zig Dev Kit

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Configure the build using CMake, specifying the development kit path and Zig compilers. Ensure to use forward slashes for paths. The `-DZIG_STATIC=ON` flag is used for static builds.

```bat
cmake .. -GNinja -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="%DEVKIT%" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="%DEVKIT%/bin/zig.exe;cc" -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="%DEVKIT%/bin/zig.exe;c++" -DCMAKE_AR="%DEVKIT%/bin/zig.exe" -DZIG_AR_WORKAROUND=ON -DZIG_STATIC=ON -DZIG_USE_LLVM_CONFIG=OFF
```

--------------------------------

### Direct Weight Encoding Example

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/lib/std/compress/testdata/rfc8478.txt

Illustrates how weights are encoded directly as 4-bit fields within bytes when headerByte is 128 or greater. The first weight uses the top 4 bits, and the second uses the bottom 4 bits of a byte.

```pseudocode
Weight[0] = (Byte[0] >> 4)
Weight[1] = (Byte[0] & 0xf),
```

--------------------------------

### Define Zig Build Arguments

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Sets up common arguments for the Zig build process, including library directory, version string, target architecture, and optimization flags based on CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE.

```cmake
set(ZIG_BUILD_ARGS
  --zig-lib-dir "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib"

  "-Dversion-string=${RESOLVED_ZIG_VERSION}"
  "-Dtarget=${ZIG_TARGET_TRIPLE}"
  "-Dcpu=${ZIG_TARGET_MCPU}"

  -Denable-llvm
  "-Dconfig_h=${ZIG_CONFIG_H_OUT}"
)

set(ZIG_EXTRA_BUILD_ARGS "" CACHE STRING "Extra zig build args")
if(ZIG_EXTRA_BUILD_ARGS)
  list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS ${ZIG_EXTRA_BUILD_ARGS})
endif()

set(ZIG_RELEASE_SAFE OFF CACHE BOOL "Build Zig as ReleaseSafe (with debug assertions on)")

if("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "Debug")
  list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Doptimize=Debug)
else()
  if("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "MinSizeRel")
    list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Doptimize=ReleaseSmall)
  else()
    # Release and RelWithDebInfo
    if(ZIG_RELEASE_SAFE)
      list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Doptimize=ReleaseSafe)
    else()
      list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Doptimize=ReleaseFast)
    endif()
    if(NOT "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "RelWithDebInfo")
      list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Dstrip)
    endif()
  endif()
endif()

if(ZIG_STATIC AND NOT MSVC)
  list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Duse-zig-libcxx)
endif()

if(ZIG_NO_LIB)
  list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Dno-lib)
endif()

if(ZIG_SINGLE_THREADED)
  list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Dsingle-threaded)
endif()

if(ZIG_PIE)
  list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS -Dpie)
endif()

if(NOT "${ZIG_TARGET_DYNAMIC_LINKER}" STREQUAL "")
  list(APPEND ZIG_BUILD_ARGS "-Ddynamic-linker=${ZIG_TARGET_DYNAMIC_LINKER}")
endif()
```

--------------------------------

### Zig I/O System Overview

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Outlines the capabilities of Zig's `std.Io` module, which provides a cross-platform interface for file system, networking, processes, time, and asynchronous operations.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const Io = std.Io;

// Io provides:
// - File system operations (Dir, File)
// - Networking (net module)
// - Process management
// - Time and sleeping
// - Async/await concurrency
// - Mutexes, semaphores, RwLocks

// File operations through Io.File
// Directory operations through Io.Dir
// Network operations through Io.net
// Reader/Writer abstractions through Io.Reader, Io.Writer
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Memory Utilities Test

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Demonstrates various memory utility functions in Zig, including slice comparison, substring search, string splitting, and zero initialization. Ensure the 'std' and 'testing' modules are imported.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const mem = std.mem;
const testing = std.testing;

test "memory utilities" {
    // Compare slices
    try testing.expect(mem.eql(u8, "hello", "hello"));
    try testing.expect(!mem.eql(u8, "hello", "world"));

    // Find in slice
    const index = mem.indexOf(u8, "hello world", "world");
    try testing.expectEqual(@as(?usize, 6), index);

    // Split string
    var iter = mem.splitSequence(u8, "a,b,c", ",");
    try testing.expectEqualStrings("a", iter.next().?);
    try testing.expectEqualStrings("b", iter.next().?);
    try testing.expectEqualStrings("c", iter.next().?);

    // Zero initialize
    const zeroed = mem.zeroes([4]u8);
    try testing.expectEqual([_]u8{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }, zeroed);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Define Build Arguments for Compiler Runtime Object

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Sets up arguments for building the compiler runtime object file, specifying output format, optimization level, and target.

```cmake
set(BUILD_COMPILER_RT_ARGS
  "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib"
  build-obj -ofmt=c -OReleaseSmall
  --name compiler_rt
  -femit-bin="${ZIG_COMPILER_RT_C_SOURCE}"
  -target "${ZIG_HOST_TARGET_TRIPLE}"
  "-Mroot=lib/compiler_rt.zig"
)
```

--------------------------------

### Configure and Build LLVM (Release Mode)

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Configures and builds LLVM in release mode using CMake and MSBuild. Ensure CMake is in your PATH and the correct Visual Studio version is selected.

```bat
mkdir C:\Users\Andy\llvm-21.0.0.src\build-release
cd C:\Users\Andy\llvm-21.0.0.src\build-release
"c:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" .. -Thost=x64 -G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A x64 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=C:\Users\Andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-release-mt -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Users\Andy\llvm+clang+lld-21.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-release-mt - 
DLLVM_ENABLE_ZLIB=OFF -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLVM_ENABLE_LIBXML2=OFF -DLLVM_USE_CRT_RELEASE=MT
msbuild /m -p:Configuration=Release INSTALL.vcxproj
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Thread Spawning

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Demonstrates creating and managing threads using `std.Thread.spawn`. Ensure threads are joined to wait for completion.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const Thread = std.Thread;
const testing = std.testing;

fn threadFunction(data: *i32) void {
    data.* += 1;
}

test "spawn thread" {
    var data: i32 = 0;

    const thread = try Thread.spawn(.{}, threadFunction, .{&data});
    thread.join();

    try testing.expectEqual(@as(i32, 1), data);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Run Zig tests

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Execute the test suite for the Zig build using the newly compiled zig.exe.

```bat
bin\zig.exe build test
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Zig Build System

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Configures the build system by copying input files to their output locations. This is typically used for generating configuration headers.

```cmake
configure_file (
    stage1/config.h.in
    "${ZIG_CONFIG_H_OUT}"
)
configure_file (
    stage1/config.zig.in
    "${ZIG_CONFIG_ZIG_OUT}"
)
```

--------------------------------

### Build Zig from Source without LLVM

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Build Zig using only a C compiler, resulting in a 'stage2' build without LLVM extensions. This method has limitations on optimizations and linking features.

```sh
cc -o bootstrap bootstrap.c
./bootstrap
```

```sh
./zig2 build
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Basic Memory Allocation

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Shows fundamental memory allocation and deallocation using the testing allocator. Includes allocation, freeing, and resizing.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const mem = std.mem;
const Allocator = mem.Allocator;
const testing = std.testing;

test "allocator basics" {
    // Allocate memory
    const slice = try testing.allocator.alloc(u8, 100);
    defer testing.allocator.free(slice);

    // Fill with a pattern
    @memset(slice, 0xAA);
    try testing.expectEqual(@as(u8, 0xAA), slice[0]);

    // Resize if possible
    if (testing.allocator.resize(slice, 200)) {
        // Successfully resized in-place
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Configure CMake for Visual Studio Build

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Configure the build using CMake for Visual Studio, specifying the host and target architecture, generator, and the prefix path to the LLVM/Clang/LLD build. Ensure no trailing slash on CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH.

```bat
"c:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" .. -Thost=x64 -G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A x64 -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Users\Andy\llvm+clang+lld-20.0.0-x86_64-windows-msvc-release-mt -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Zig Prefix Path

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Appends CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH and environment variable CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH to ZIG_CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH, handling Windows and non-Windows environments differently.

```cmake
list(APPEND ZIG_CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH}")
if(WIN32)
  list(APPEND ZIG_CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH $ENV{CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH})
else()
  string(REGEX REPLACE ":" ";" ZIG_CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH_STRING "$ENV{CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH}")
  list(APPEND ZIG_CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "${ZIG_CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH_STRING}")
endif()
```

--------------------------------

### Generate zig1.c from WASM Module

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Configures a custom command to run `zig-wasm2c` to convert the `zig1.wasm` module into a C source file (`zig1.c`). This is a build-time generation step.

```cmake
add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT "${ZIG1_C_SOURCE}"
  COMMAND zig-wasm2c "${ZIG1_WASM_MODULE}" "${ZIG1_C_SOURCE}"
  DEPENDS zig-wasm2c "${ZIG1_WASM_MODULE}"
  COMMENT "Converting ${ZIG1_WASM_MODULE} to ${ZIG1_C_SOURCE}"
  WORKING_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}"
)
```

--------------------------------

### Link Libraries and Options for zig1

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Configures linking for the `zig1` executable, adding the math library (`m`) for non-MSVC targets and setting stack size options for MinGW.

```cmake
if(MSVC)
  target_link_options(zig1 PRIVATE /STACK:0x10000000)
else()
  target_link_libraries(zig1 LINK_PUBLIC m)
  if(MINGW)
    target_link_options(zig1 PRIVATE -Wl,--stack,0x10000000)
  endif()
endif()
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Compression Module Usage

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Illustrates the availability of various compression algorithms within the Zig standard library's `std.compress` module. This snippet primarily serves as a placeholder to show module import.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const compress = std.compress;
const testing = std.testing;

test "gzip decompression" {
    // compress.flate provides gzip and zlib functionality
    // compress.zstd provides Zstandard compression
    // compress.lzma provides LZMA compression
    // compress.xz provides XZ compression
    _ = compress.flate;
    _ = compress.zstd;
    _ = compress.lzma;
    _ = compress.xz;
}
```

--------------------------------

### Zig Defer and Errdefer for Resource Management

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Illustrates `defer` for scope exit cleanup and `errdefer` for error-specific cleanup. `defer` executes in reverse order of declaration.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const Allocator = std.mem.Allocator;

fn createResource(allocator: Allocator) ![]u8 {
    const resource = try allocator.alloc(u8, 100);
    errdefer allocator.free(resource); // Only runs if error returned

    // Simulate some operation that might fail
    if (resource.len < 50) {
        return error.ResourceTooSmall;
    }

    return resource;
}

test "defer ordering" {
    var order: [3]u8 = undefined;
    var i: usize = 0;

    {
        defer {
            order[i] = 1;
            i += 1;
        }
        defer {
            order[i] = 2;
            i += 1;
        }
        defer {
            order[i] = 3;
            i += 1;
        }
    }

    // Defers run in reverse order
    try std.testing.expectEqual([_]u8{ 3, 2, 1 }, order);
}
```

--------------------------------

### Custom Command to Generate Compiler Runtime C Source

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Defines a custom command to run 'zig1.wasm' to produce the C source file for the compiler runtime. Ensures dependencies are met.

```cmake
add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT "${ZIG_COMPILER_RT_C_SOURCE}"
  COMMAND zig1 ${BUILD_COMPILER_RT_ARGS}
  DEPENDS zig1 "${ZIG_STAGE2_SOURCES}"
  COMMENT "Running zig1.wasm to produce ${ZIG_COMPILER_RT_C_SOURCE}"
  WORKING_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}"
)
```

--------------------------------

### Custom Command to Generate zig2 C Source

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Defines a custom command to run 'zig1.wasm' to produce the C source file for 'zig2'. Ensures dependencies are met.

```cmake
add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT "${ZIG2_C_SOURCE}"
  COMMAND zig1 ${BUILD_ZIG2_ARGS}
  DEPENDS zig1 "${ZIG_STAGE2_SOURCES}"
  COMMENT "Running zig1.wasm to produce ${ZIG2_C_SOURCE}"
  WORKING_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}"
)
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Target and Linker Options

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt

Sets cache variables for the target triple, target CPU, and an optional dynamic linker override. It also determines whether to use `llvm-config` based on the target triple.

```cmake
set(ZIG_TARGET_TRIPLE "native" CACHE STRING "arch-os-abi to output binaries for")
set(ZIG_TARGET_MCPU "native" CACHE STRING "-mcpu parameter to output binaries for")
set(ZIG_TARGET_DYNAMIC_LINKER "" CACHE STRING
  "Override the dynamic linker used by the Zig binary. Default is to auto-detect the dynamic linker.")
set(ZIG_SINGLE_THREADED off CACHE BOOL "limit the zig compiler to use only 1 thread")
set(ZIG_AR_WORKAROUND off CACHE BOOL "append 'ar' subcommand to CMAKE_AR")

if("${ZIG_TARGET_TRIPLE}" STREQUAL "native")
    set(ZIG_USE_LLVM_CONFIG ON CACHE BOOL "use llvm-config to find LLVM libraries")
else()
    set(ZIG_USE_LLVM_CONFIG OFF CACHE BOOL "use llvm-config to find LLVM libraries")
endif()
```

--------------------------------

### Zig HTTP Client Configuration

Source: https://context7.com/dkb/zig/llms.txt

Provides an overview of the Zig HTTP client's components, including configuration, available HTTP methods, and status codes.

```zig
const std = @import("std");
const http = std.http;

// HTTP Client configuration
const Client = http.Client;

// HTTP methods available
const Method = http.Method;
// .GET, .POST, .PUT, .DELETE, .PATCH, .HEAD, .OPTIONS, .CONNECT, .TRACE

// HTTP status codes
const Status = http.Status;
// .ok (200), .created (201), .not_found (404), .internal_server_error (500), etc.
```

--------------------------------

### Build Zig from Source After Local Changes

Source: https://github.com/dkb/zig/blob/master/README.md

Build Zig from source after making local modifications. This command uses a debug build configuration for testing.

```bash
stage3/bin/zig build -p stage4 -Denable-llvm -Dno-lib
```