### Complete Working Example: Moving Pixel Game in Rust

Source: https://context7.com/eriizu/chinchilib/llms.txt

A full Rust application demonstrating window creation, keyboard handling, pixel drawing, and lifecycle management using the Chinchilib library. It allows a pixel to be moved with keyboard input and leaves a trail.

```Rust
use chinchilib::pixels::Pixels;
use chinchilib::rgb;
use chinchilib::{put_pixel, GfxApp, Key, WinitHandler, DoneStatus};

fn main() {
    env_logger::init();

    let moving_pixel = Box::new(MovingPixel::new(250, 250));
    let mut app = WinitHandler::new(moving_pixel, (500, 500), 60);
    app.set_always_tick(false); // Only tick when keys pressed

    match app.run() {
        Ok(_) => println!("Application exited successfully"),
        Err(e) => eprintln!("Application error: {}", e),
    }
}

struct MovingPixel {
    pos: (usize, usize),
    trail: Vec<(usize, usize) >,
    color: rgb::RGBA8,
}

impl MovingPixel {
    fn new(x: usize, y: usize) -> Self {
        Self {
            pos: (x, y),
            trail: Vec::new(),
            color: rgb::RGBA8 {
                r: u8::MAX,
                g: 0,
                b: 0,
                a: u8::MAX,
            },
        }
    }
}

impl GfxApp for MovingPixel {
    fn on_tick(&mut self, pressed_keys: &std::collections::HashSet<Key>) -> bool {
        if pressed_keys.is_empty() {
            return false;
        }

        let old_pos = self.pos;

        for key in pressed_keys {
            match key {
                Key::Left if self.pos.0 > 0 => self.pos.0 -= 1,
                Key::Right if self.pos.0 < 499 => self.pos.0 += 1,
                Key::Up if self.pos.1 > 0 => self.pos.1 -= 1,
                Key::Down if self.pos.1 < 499 => self.pos.1 += 1,
                Key::KeyA => self.color.r = u8::MAX, // Red
                Key::KeyZ => self.color.g = u8::MAX, // Green
                Key::KeyE => self.color.b = u8::MAX, // Blue
                _ => {} 
            }
        }

        if old_pos != self.pos {
            self.trail.push(old_pos);
            if self.trail.len() > 100 {
                self.trail.remove(0);
            }
        }

        true
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, pixels: &mut Pixels, width: usize) {
        let frame = pixels.frame_mut();

        // Clear to black
        for pixel in frame.chunks_exact_mut(4) {
            pixel.copy_from_slice(&[0, 0, 0, 255]);
        }

        // Draw trail with fading effect
        let trail_color = rgb::RGBA8 {
            r: self.color.r / 4,
            g: self.color.g / 4,
            b: self.color.b / 4,
            a: 128,
        };
        for (x, y) in &self.trail {
            put_pixel(frame, width, *x, *y, trail_color);
        }

        // Draw current position
        put_pixel(frame, width, self.pos.0, self.pos.1, self.color);
    }

    fn done(&self) -> DoneStatus {
        // Exit if pixel reaches top-left corner
        if self.pos.0 < 10 && self.pos.1 < 10 {
            DoneStatus::Exit
        } else if self.pos.0 < 50 {
            // Remain open if x < 50 (display final state)
            DoneStatus::Remain
        } else {
            DoneStatus::NotDone
        }
    }
}

```

--------------------------------

### Run a Chinchilib Graphical Application with WinitHandler in Rust

Source: https://github.com/eriizu/chinchilib/blob/main/README.md

This Rust code demonstrates how to initialize and run a graphical application using `chinchilib::WinitHandler`. It involves creating a struct that implements the `GfxApp` trait, configuring the handler, and starting the application's main loop. Dependencies include the `chinchilib` crate and `env_logger` for logging.

```rust
use chinchilib::pixels::Pixels;
use chinchilib::rgb;
use chinchilib::{put_pixel, GfxApp, Key, WinitHandler};

fn main() {
    env_logger::init();

    log::info!("Hello, world!");

    let moving_pixel = Box::new(MovingPixel::new(50, 100));
    let mut app = WinitHandler::new(moving_pixel, (500, 500), 60);
    // We don't have any physics or animations, false helps to preserve performance.
    app.set_always_tick(false);
    app.run().unwrap();
}

/// Example app that only feature a pixel that moves.
struct MovingPixel {
    pos: (usize, usize),
}

impl Default for MovingPixel {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self { pos: (0, 0) }
    }
}

impl MovingPixel {
    fn new(x: usize, y: usize) -> Self {
        Self { pos: (x, y) }
    }
}

const RED: rgb::RGBA8 = rgb::RGBA8 {
    r: u8::MAX,
    g: 0,
    b: 0,
    a: u8::MAX,
};

impl GfxApp for MovingPixel {
    fn on_tick(&mut self, pressed_keys: &std::collections::HashSet<Key>) -> bool {
        let mut needs_redraw = true;
        for key in pressed_keys {
            match key {
                Key::Left => {
                    self.pos.0 -= 1;
                }
                Key::Right => {
                    self.pos.0 += 1;
                }
                Key::Up => {
                    self.pos.1 -= 1;
                }
                Key::Down => {
                    self.pos.1 += 1;
                }
                _ => {
                    needs_redraw = false;
                }
            }
        }
        needs_redraw
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, pixels: &mut Pixels, width: usize) {
        if self.pos.0 * self.pos.1 < pixels.frame().len() {
            put_pixel(pixels.frame_mut(), width, self.pos.0, self.pos.1, RED);
        }
    }

    /// For the sake of the example, when x goes under 50, we inidcate that we are done and that
    /// the windows should remain open, when y goes under 50 we indicate that the window should
    /// close, otherwise we are not done.
    fn done(&self) -> chinchilib::DoneStatus {
        if self.pos.0 < 50 {
            chinchilib::DoneStatus::Remain
        } else if self.pos.1 < 50 {
            chinchilib::DoneStatus::Exit
        } else {
            chinchilib::DoneStatus::NotDone
        }
    }
}

```

--------------------------------

### Update Application State with GfxApp::on_tick (Rust)

Source: https://context7.com/eriizu/chinchilib/llms.txt

Illustrates how to implement the `on_tick` method of the `GfxApp` trait in Chinchilib. This method is called each tick to update the application's state based on user input (pressed keys) and returns a boolean indicating if a redraw is necessary. It handles movement and speed adjustments for a "MovingBox" example.

```rust
use chinchilib::{GfxApp, Key, DoneStatus};
use chinchilib::pixels::Pixels;
use std::collections::HashSet;

struct MovingBox {
    x: i32,
    y: i32,
    speed: i32,
}

impl GfxApp for MovingBox {
    fn on_tick(&mut self, pressed_keys: &HashSet<Key>) -> bool {
        if pressed_keys.is_empty() {
            return false; // No redraw needed
        }

        for key in pressed_keys {
            match key {
                Key::Left => self.x -= self.speed,
                Key::Right => self.x += self.speed,
                Key::Up => self.y -= self.speed,
                Key::Down => self.y += self.speed,
                Key::KeyZ => self.speed += 1, // Increase speed
                Key::KeyS => self.speed = (self.speed - 1).max(1), // Decrease speed
                _ => return false,
            }
        }
        true // Redraw needed
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, pixels: &mut Pixels, width: usize) {
        // Drawing implementation
    }

    fn done(&self) -> DoneStatus {
        DoneStatus::NotDone
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Draw Individual Pixels with put_pixel

Source: https://context7.com/eriizu/chinchilib/llms.txt

The `put_pixel` function allows for direct manipulation of the framebuffer by writing RGBA8 color data to specified coordinates. This example demonstrates drawing lines and individual pixels to the screen, utilizing `chinchilib::pixels::Pixels` and predefined RGBA8 color constants.

```rust
use chinchilib::{put_pixel, GfxApp, Key, DoneStatus};
use chinchilib::pixels::Pixels;
use chinchilib::rgb::RGBA8;

struct PixelDrawer {
    positions: Vec<(usize, usize) היי>
}

impl GfxApp for PixelDrawer {
    fn on_tick(&mut self, pressed_keys: &std::collections::HashSet<Key>) -> bool {
        true
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, pixels: &mut Pixels, width: usize) {
        let frame = pixels.frame_mut();

        // Define colors
        const RED: RGBA8 = RGBA8 { r: 255, g: 0, b: 0, a: 255 };
        const GREEN: RGBA8 = RGBA8 { r: 0, g: 255, b: 0, a: 255 };
        const BLUE: RGBA8 = RGBA8 { r: 0, g: 0, b: 255, a: 255 };

        // Draw a diagonal line
        for i in 0..100 {
            put_pixel(frame, width, i, i, RED);
        }

        // Draw a horizontal line
        for x in 50..150 {
            put_pixel(frame, width, x, 50, GREEN);
        }

        // Draw individual pixels from stored positions
        for (x, y) in &self.positions {
            put_pixel(frame, width, *x, *y, BLUE);
        }
    }

    fn done(&self) -> DoneStatus {
        DoneStatus::Remain
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create Chinchilib App Handler (Rust)

Source: https://context7.com/eriizu/chinchilib/llms.txt

Demonstrates creating a new WinitHandler for a Chinchilib application. This involves implementing the GfxApp trait for application logic, specifying window dimensions, and setting a target tick rate. The handler manages the window lifecycle and event processing.

```rust
use chinchilib::{GfxApp, WinitHandler, Key, DoneStatus};
use chinchilib::pixels::Pixels;

struct MyApp {
    counter: usize,
}

impl GfxApp for MyApp {
    fn on_tick(&mut self, pressed_keys: &std::collections::HashSet<Key>) -> bool {
        self.counter += 1;
        true // Request redraw
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, pixels: &mut Pixels, width: usize) {
        // Drawing logic here
    }

    fn done(&self) -> DoneStatus {
        if self.counter > 1000 {
            DoneStatus::Exit
        } else {
            DoneStatus::NotDone
        }
    }
}

fn main() {
    let app = Box::new(MyApp { counter: 0 });
    let mut handler = WinitHandler::new(app, (800, 600), 60);
    handler.set_always_tick(false); // Only tick when keys pressed
    handler.run().unwrap();
}
```

--------------------------------

### Control Application Lifecycle with GfxApp::done

Source: https://context7.com/eriizu/chinchilib/llms.txt

The `done` method in `GfxApp` determines the application's next state: continue, exit, or remain open. It's used here to keep the fractal display static after rendering is complete. This functionality is crucial for managing the application's flow based on internal states.

```rust
use chinchilib::{GfxApp, Key, DoneStatus};
use chinchilib::pixels::Pixels;

struct FractalRenderer {
    rendered: bool,
    iterations: usize,
    max_iterations: usize,
}

impl GfxApp for FractalRenderer {
    fn on_tick(&mut self, pressed_keys: &std::collections::HashSet<Key>) -> bool {
        if !self.rendered && self.iterations < self.max_iterations {
            self.iterations += 1;
            true
        } else {
            self.rendered = true;
            false
        }
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, pixels: &mut Pixels, width: usize) {
        // Render fractal progressively
    }

    fn done(&self) -> DoneStatus {
        if self.rendered {
            // Keep fractal on screen after rendering completes
            DoneStatus::Remain
        } else {
            DoneStatus::NotDone
        }
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Render to Framebuffer with GfxApp::draw (Rust)

Source: https://context7.com/eriizu/chinchilib/llms.txt

Shows the implementation of the `draw` method within the `GfxApp` trait in Chinchilib. This method is responsible for rendering graphics to the framebuffer. It receives mutable access to the `Pixels` buffer and the window width, allowing for direct pixel manipulation to clear the screen and draw objects.

```rust
use chinchilib::{put_pixel, GfxApp, Key, DoneStatus};
use chinchilib::pixels::Pixels;
use chinchilib::rgb::RGBA8;

struct DrawingApp {
    objects: Vec<(usize, usize, RGBA8) které>
}

impl GfxApp for DrawingApp {
    fn on_tick(&mut self, pressed_keys: &std::collections::HashSet<Key>) -> bool {
        // State updates
        true
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, pixels: &mut Pixels, width: usize) {
        let frame = pixels.frame_mut();

        // Clear screen to black
        for pixel in frame.chunks_exact_mut(4) {
            pixel.copy_from_slice(&[0, 0, 0, 255]);
        }

        // Draw all objects
        for (x, y, color) in &self.objects {
            if *x < width && (*x * *y) < frame.len() / 4 {
                put_pixel(frame, width, *x, *y, *color);
            }
        }
    }

    fn done(&self) -> DoneStatus {
        DoneStatus::NotDone
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Map Keyboard Input with Key Enum

Source: https://context7.com/eriizu/chinchilib/llms.txt

The `Key` enum in Chinchilib maps keyboard inputs, focusing on AZERTY layout gaming keys and arrow keys for game control. The `on_tick` method processes these inputs to update player position and trigger actions, returning `true` to indicate that a redraw is necessary.

```rust
use chinchilib::{GfxApp, Key, DoneStatus};
use chinchilib::pixels::Pixels;

struct GameController {
    player_x: i32,
    player_y: i32,
    action_flag: bool,
}

impl GfxApp for GameController {
    fn on_tick(&mut self, pressed_keys: &std::collections::HashSet<Key>) -> bool {
        self.action_flag = false;

        for key in pressed_keys {
            match key {
                // Arrow keys for movement
                Key::Left => self.player_x -= 2,
                Key::Right => self.player_x += 2,
                Key::Up => self.player_y -= 2,
                Key::Down => self.player_y += 2,

                // AZERTY keys (ZQSD for alternate movement)
                Key::KeyQ => self.player_x -= 1, // Left
                Key::KeyD => self.player_x += 1, // Right
                Key::KeyZ => self.player_y -= 1, // Up
                Key::KeyS => self.player_y += 1, // Down

                // Action keys
                Key::KeyA => self.action_flag = true,
                Key::KeyE => { /* Interact action */ },
                Key::KeyW => { /* Special action */ },
                Key::KeyX => { /* Cancel action */ },
                Key::KeyC => { /* Menu action */ },
            }
        }

        // Clamp positions
        self.player_x = self.player_x.clamp(0, 500);
        self.player_y = self.player_y.clamp(0, 500);

        true // Redraw needed
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, pixels: &mut Pixels, width: usize) {
        // Render player at (player_x, player_y)
    }

    fn done(&self) -> DoneStatus {
        DoneStatus::NotDone
    }
}
```

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