### Install Results Library

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Install the 'results' library using pip. This command also installs the 'results' command-line tool. No additional packages are needed for database diffing.

```bash
pip install results
```

--------------------------------

### Results DBDiff CLI Help

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Display the help message for the 'results dbdiff' command, showing available options for schema diffing and migration generation.

```bash
Options:
  --schema TEXT                Restrict output to single schema
  --exclude-schema TEXT        Restrict output to statements for all schemas
                               except the specified schema
  --create-extensions-only     Only output "create extension..." statements,
                               nothing else
  --ignore-extension-versions  Ignore the versions when comparing extensions
  --with-privileges            Also output privilege differences (ie.
                               grant/revoke statements)
  --help                       Show this message and exit.
```

--------------------------------

### Create Database Object

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Instantiate a database object using either a database name or a full connection URL. This is the first step to interacting with the database using the 'results' library.

```python
import results

db = results.db('example')
db = results.db('postgres:///example')
```

--------------------------------

### Execute Basic Query

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Perform a basic query on the database object. Parameterized queries are supported using dictionary-style placeholders.

```python
result = db.q('select :x', dict(x=5))
```

--------------------------------

### Listen for Database Notifications

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Establish a listening connection to receive database notifications on specified channels. The code iterates through incoming notifications.

```python
with db.listening_connection(["hello", "hello2"]) as listen_conn:
        for n in db.notifications(
            listen_conn
        ):
            print(n)
```

--------------------------------

### Paginate Query Results

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Fetch results in pages using the 'paging' parameter. This supports offset-free pagination by using a bookmark for subsequent requests. The loop continues until no more pages are available.

```python
bookmark = None

while True:
    page = db.q(
        "select * from names",
        paging=dict(order_by="name desc, id", per_page=2, bookmark=bookmark),
    )

    print(page)

    if not page.paging.has_next:
        break

    bookmark = page.paging.next
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Database Diff using CLI

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Use the 'results dbdiff' command to generate a schema diff between two PostgreSQL databases. This command replaces the older 'migra' command. Local database names can be used instead of full connection URLs.

```bash
results dbdiff postgresql:///db_a postgresql:///db_b
```

--------------------------------

### Manage Database Transactions

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Execute database operations within a transaction context. The 'with db.t() as t:' syntax ensures proper transaction handling.

```python
with db.t() as t:
    t.q('select 1')
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Schema Diff SQL

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Generate the SQL script required to transform the schema of one database into the schema of another. This function handles structural differences only.

```python
from results import db

diff = db('a').schemadiff_as_sql(db('b'))
print(diff)
```

--------------------------------

### Insert Data with Upsert Option

Source: https://github.com/djrobstep/results/blob/main/README.md

Insert a record into a table. The 'upsert_on' parameter allows specifying a column to use for conflict resolution, effectively performing an upsert operation.

```python
db.insert("table", dict(a="hi", b=1), upsert_on="a")
```

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