### Nullable and Length Examples

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Examples demonstrating nullable fields and specifying lengths for string columns.

```text
email:string?
```

```text
email:string:unique
```

```text
email:string?[50]
```

```text
email:string:unique:EMAIL_INDEX
```

```text
email:string[120]:unique:EMAIL_INDEX
```

--------------------------------

### Create Products Table Migration

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/installation-and-overview.md

Example of a migration file that defines and creates a 'products' table with several columns. This uses the Table API to define schema changes.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class CreateProducts extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('products');
        $table->addColumn('name', 'string', [
            'default' => null,
            'limit' => 255,
            'null' => false,
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('description', 'text', [
            'default' => null,
            'null' => false,
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('created', 'datetime', [
            'default' => null,
            'null' => false,
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('modified', 'datetime', [
            'default' => null,
            'null' => false,
        ]);
        $table->create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Install CakePHP Migrations Plugin

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/index.md

Install the Migrations plugin using Composer. Use '@stable' for the latest stable version.

```bash
php composer.phar require cakephp/migrations "@stable"

# Or if composer is installed globally
composer require cakephp/migrations "@stable"
```

--------------------------------

### Modify Partitions on Existing Tables

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

Provides examples for adding and dropping partitions on an already partitioned table using `addPartitionToExisting` and `dropPartition` methods.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class ModifyOrdersPartitions extends BaseMigration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        $this->table('orders')
            ->addPartitionToExisting('p2025', '2026-01-01')
            ->update();
    }

    public function down(): void
    {
        $this->table('orders')
            ->dropPartition('p2025')
            ->update();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Query Builder

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/using-the-query-builder.md

Access the Query Builder by calling getQueryBuilder() with the desired statement type ('select', 'insert', 'update', 'delete'). This example demonstrates initializing a SELECT query builder.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class MyNewMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    /**
     * Migrate Up.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        $builder = $this->getQueryBuilder('select');
        $statement = $builder->select('*')->from('users')->execute();
        var_dump($statement->fetchAll());
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Install CakePHP Migrations Plugin

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/installation-and-overview.md

Use Composer to install the Migrations plugin. Ensure you use the '@stable' tag for a stable release.

```bash
php composer.phar require cakephp/migrations "@stable"
```

```bash
composer require cakephp/migrations "@stable"
```

--------------------------------

### Anonymous Migration Class Example

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

An example of a migration file generated using the anonymous class style. This style avoids namespace declarations and uses a simpler file structure.

```php
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

return new class extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
    }
};

```

--------------------------------

### Generated Migration for Creating a Table

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

This is an example of a migration file generated by `bin/cake bake migration` for creating a 'products' table. It includes definitions for 'name', 'description', 'created', and 'modified' columns.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class CreateProducts extends BaseMigration
{
    /**
     * Change Method.
     *
     * More information on this method is available here:
     * https://book.cakephp.org/migrations/5/guides/writing-migrations/migration-methods.html#the-change-method
     * @return void
     */
    public function change(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('products');
        $table->addColumn('name', 'string', [
            'default' => null,
            'limit' => 255,
            'null' => false,
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('description', 'text', [
            'default' => null,
            'null' => false,
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('created', 'datetime', [
            'default' => null,
            'null' => false,
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('modified', 'datetime', [
            'default' => null,
            'null' => false,
        ]);
        $table->create();
    }
}

```

--------------------------------

### Get All Table Columns

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/schema-introspection-and-platform-limitations.md

Retrieve a list of all columns for a given table. Schema is inspected when the migration is run.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class ColumnListMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        $columns = $this->table('users')->getColumns();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### View Migration Status as JSON

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Get the migration status output in JSON format for programmatic use.

```bash
bin/cake migrations status --format json
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Migration to Add a Column with a Default Value

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Use the `:default[value]` syntax to specify a default value for a new column during migration generation. This example sets the default for a boolean column to `true`.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration AddActiveToUsers active:boolean:default[true]
```

--------------------------------

### Skip Tables During Migration

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Use the 'skip' option with fnmatch() compatible patterns to exclude specific tables from drop and truncate behavior during test schema setup, such as for PostGIS tables.

```php
$migrator->run(['connection' => 'test', 'skip' => ['postgis*']]);
```

--------------------------------

### Fetch Rows from Query Results

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/executing-queries.md

Utilize `fetchRow()` to retrieve a single record or `fetchAll()` to get all records from a query result. These methods accept raw SQL as their sole argument.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class MyNewMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    /**
     * Migrate Up.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        // fetch a user
        $row = $this->fetchRow('SELECT * FROM users');

        // fetch an array of messages
        $rows = $this->fetchAll('SELECT * FROM messages');
    }

    /**
     * Migrate Down.
     */
    public function down(): void
    {

    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Initial Migration Snapshot

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/snapshots-and-diffs.md

Use this command to create a migration file containing CREATE statements for all tables in your database. This is useful for version-controlling your initial schema.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration_snapshot Initial
```

--------------------------------

### Partitioning with Expressions

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

Shows how to partition tables using expressions, such as extracting the year from a datetime column, by utilizing the `Literal` class.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;
use Migrations\Db\Literal;
use Migrations\Db\Table\Partition;

class CreatePartitionedEvents extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('events', [
            'id' => false,
            'primary_key' => ['id', 'created_at'],
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('id', 'integer', ['identity' => true])
              ->addColumn('created_at', 'datetime')
              ->partitionBy(Partition::TYPE_RANGE, Literal::from('YEAR(created_at)'))
              ->addPartition('p2022', 2023)
              ->addPartition('p2023', 2024)
              ->addPartition('pmax', 'MAXVALUE')
              ->create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Install Migrations Plugin with Composer

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/README.md

Use Composer to add the Migrations plugin to your CakePHP application. This is the standard method for installing CakePHP plugins.

```sh
composer require cakephp/migrations
```

--------------------------------

### Create HASH Partitioned Table

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

Illustrates creating a table partitioned using HASH strategy to distribute data evenly across a specified number of partitions based on a column.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;
use Migrations\Db\Table\Partition;

class CreatePartitionedSessions extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('sessions');
        $table->addColumn('user_id', 'integer')
              ->addColumn('data', 'text')
              ->partitionBy(Partition::TYPE_HASH, 'user_id', ['count' => 8])
              ->create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Preview Migrations Upgrade (Dry Run)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-to-builtin-backend.md

Use this command to preview the migration upgrade process without making any actual changes to your database.

```bash
bin/cake migrations upgrade --dry-run
```

--------------------------------

### Get a Specific Table Column

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/schema-introspection-and-platform-limitations.md

Retrieve a single column's definition from a table by its name. Schema is inspected when the migration is run.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class ColumnListMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        $column = $this->table('users')->getColumn('email');
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### View Status for All Plugins

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Check the migration status for the application and all loaded plugins simultaneously using the --all flag.

```bash
bin/cake migrations status --all
```

--------------------------------

### Create LIST Partitioned Table (MySQL)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

Shows how to create a table partitioned by discrete values using `TYPE_LIST_COLUMNS` for string columns. This is useful for categorizing data by specific attributes like region.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;
use Migrations\Db\Table\Partition;

class CreatePartitionedCustomers extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('customers', [
            'id' => false,
            'primary_key' => ['id', 'region'],
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('id', 'integer', ['identity' => true])
              ->addColumn('region', 'string', ['limit' => 20])
              ->addColumn('name', 'string')
              ->partitionBy(Partition::TYPE_LIST_COLUMNS, 'region')
              ->addPartition('p_americas', ['US', 'CA', 'MX', 'BR'])
              ->addPartition('p_europe', ['UK', 'DE', 'FR', 'IT'])
              ->addPartition('p_asia', ['JP', 'CN', 'IN', 'KR'])
              ->create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create RANGE Partitioned Table (MySQL)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

Demonstrates creating a table partitioned by date ranges using `TYPE_RANGE_COLUMNS`. Ensure partition columns are part of the primary key for MySQL.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;
use Migrations\Db\Table\Partition;

class CreatePartitionedOrders extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('orders', [
            'id' => false,
            'primary_key' => ['id', 'order_date'],
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('id', 'integer', ['identity' => true])
              ->addColumn('order_date', 'date')
              ->addColumn('amount', 'decimal', ['precision' => 10, 'scale' => 2])
              ->partitionBy(Partition::TYPE_RANGE_COLUMNS, 'order_date')
              ->addPartition('p2022', '2023-01-01')
              ->addPartition('p2023', '2024-01-01')
              ->addPartition('p2024', '2025-01-01')
              ->addPartition('pmax', 'MAXVALUE')
              ->create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create KEY Partitioned Table (MySQL only)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

Demonstrates KEY partitioning, which is similar to HASH but uses MySQL's internal hashing function. This is specific to MySQL.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;
use Migrations\Db\Table\Partition;

class CreatePartitionedCache extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('cache', [
            'id' => false,
            'primary_key' => ['cache_key'],
        ]);
        $table->addColumn('cache_key', 'string', ['limit' => 255])
              ->addColumn('value', 'binary')
              ->partitionBy(Partition::TYPE_KEY, 'cache_key', ['count' => 16])
              ->create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Run Migrations Upgrade

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-to-builtin-backend.md

Execute the command to perform the actual migration from Phinx log tables to the unified `cake_migrations` table.

```bash
bin/cake migrations upgrade
```

--------------------------------

### Scope Migrations to a Plugin

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Use the --plugin or -p option to run migration commands for a specific plugin.

```bash
bin/cake migrations status -p PluginName
bin/cake migrations migrate -p PluginName
```

--------------------------------

### Run Basic Migrations Commands Programmatically

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Instantiate the Migrations class to run common migration commands like status, migrate, rollback, markMigrated, and seed from a non-shell environment.

```php
use Migrations\Migrations;

$migrations = new Migrations();

$status = $migrations->status();
$migrate = $migrations->migrate();
$rollback = $migrations->rollback();
$markMigrated = $migrations->markMigrated(20150804222900);
$seeded = $migrations->seed();
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Migrations with Default Parameters

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Pass an array of default parameters to the Migrations constructor to apply them to all subsequent method calls.

```php
use Migrations\Migrations;

$migrations = new Migrations([
    'connection' => 'custom',
    'source' => 'MyMigrationsFolder',
]);

$status = $migrations->status();
$migrate = $migrations->migrate();
```

--------------------------------

### Column Definition Pattern

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Understand the pattern for defining columns on the command line.

```text
fieldName:fieldType?[length]:default[value]:indexType:indexName
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Migration to Create a Table

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Use the `bin/cake bake migration` command with column definitions to generate a migration file for creating a new table. This command automatically includes column definitions for specified fields.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration CreateProducts name:string description:text created modified
```

--------------------------------

### Create a New Table with Columns and Indexes

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

Defines a new 'users' table with multiple string columns, datetime columns, and a unique index on username and email. Automatically includes an 'id' primary key.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class MyNewMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        $users = $this->table('users');
        $users->addColumn('username', 'string', ['limit' => 20])
              ->addColumn('password', 'string', ['limit' => 40])
              ->addColumn('email', 'string', ['limit' => 100])
              ->addColumn('created', 'datetime')
              ->addColumn('updated', 'datetime', ['null' => true])
              ->addIndex(['username', 'email'], ['unique' => true])
              ->create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Apply All Migrations

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Use this command to apply all pending database migrations.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate
```

--------------------------------

### Run Migrations Upgrade and Drop Tables

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-to-builtin-backend.md

This command upgrades the migrations and then drops the old `phinxlog` tables. Use with caution after verifying migrations.

```bash
bin/cake migrations upgrade --drop-tables
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Snapshot for a Plugin

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/snapshots-and-diffs.md

Use the --plugin option to generate a migration snapshot for a specific plugin. Only tables with defined Table object model classes will be included.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration_snapshot Initial --plugin MyPlugin
```

--------------------------------

### Create a New Migration File

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Use the `bin/cake bake migration` command to generate a new, empty migration file. You can then edit this file to define your schema changes.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration CreateProducts
```

--------------------------------

### Run Migrations from a Custom Source Directory

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Execute migrations located in a directory other than the default using the --source option.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate -s Alternate
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Snapshot from Specific Connection

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/snapshots-and-diffs.md

Specify a different database connection to use when generating the migration snapshot using the --connection option.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration_snapshot Initial --connection my_other_connection
```

--------------------------------

### Iterating and Fetching Query Results

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/using-the-query-builder.md

Shows how to iterate over query results directly or fetch all results into an associative array.

```php
<?php
// Iterate the query
foreach ($builder as $row) {
    echo $row['title'];
}

// Get the statement and fetch all results
$results = $builder->execute()->fetchAll('assoc');
```

--------------------------------

### Run Migrations with Custom Options

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Pass an array of parameters to migration methods to customize their execution, such as specifying a connection or migration source.

```php
use Migrations\Migrations;

$migrations = new Migrations();
$status = $migrations->status([
    'connection' => 'custom',
    'source' => 'MyMigrationsFolder',
]);
```

--------------------------------

### Use Fluent Index Builder

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Leverage the fluent `BaseMigration::index()` builder for a more readable and chainable way to define complex index properties like type, name, and order.

```php
$this->table('users')
    ->addIndex(
        $this->index(['email', 'username'])
            ->setType('unique')
            ->setName('idx_users_email')
            ->setOrder(['email' => 'DESC', 'username' => 'ASC'])
    )
    ->save();
```

--------------------------------

### Apply Migrations to a Specific Version

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Migrate your database to a specific version using the --target option.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate -t 20150103081132
```

--------------------------------

### Run Migrations for a Specific Plugin

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Apply migrations for a particular plugin using the --plugin option.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate -p MyAwesomePlugin
```

--------------------------------

### Specify Connection for Seed Generation

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Use the --connection option to specify an alternative database connection for generating the seed.

```bash
bin/cake bake seed Articles --connection connection
```

--------------------------------

### Apply Migrations using CLI

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/installation-and-overview.md

Execute migrations to apply the defined database schema changes to your database. This command should be run from your application's root directory.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Migration Diff

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/snapshots-and-diffs.md

Create a migration file that captures the differences between the current database schema and a schema dump file. This is useful for synchronizing manual schema changes.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration_diff NameOfTheMigrations
```

--------------------------------

### Using CONCAT SQL Function

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/using-the-query-builder.md

Demonstrates using the CONCAT SQL function with a mix of literal and bound parameters. Arguments are treated as bound parameters unless marked as literal.

```php
<?php
// Generates:
// SELECT CONCAT(title, ' NEW') ...;
$concat = $builder->func()->concat([
    'title' => 'literal',
    ' NEW'
]);
$query->select(['title' => $concat]);
```

--------------------------------

### Run Migrations Against a Different Database Connection

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Apply migrations using a specific database connection defined in your configuration with the --connection option.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate -c my_custom_connection
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Migration with Default, Nullable, and Unique Constraints

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

This command demonstrates combining multiple column constraints in a single migration generation command. It adds a 'status' column with a default value, marked as unique.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration AddStatusToOrders status:string:default['pending']:unique
```

--------------------------------

### Configure for Rollback to Phinx Tables

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-to-builtin-backend.md

To revert to using Phinx tables after upgrading, set `'legacyTables' => true` in your `config/app.php`.

```php
// config/app.php
'Migrations' => [
    'legacyTables' => true,
]
```

--------------------------------

### Manually Create Schema Dump File

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/snapshots-and-diffs.md

Before generating a diff on an application with an existing migration history, manually create a schema dump file using this command. This file serves as the baseline for comparison.

```bash
bin/cake migrations dump
```

--------------------------------

### Running Multiple Seed Classes

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Execute multiple seed classes by listing their names, separated by commas, as arguments to the `seeds run` command.

```bash
bin/cake seeds run User,Permission,Log
```

```bash
bin/cake seeds run UserSeed,PermissionSeed,LogSeed
```

--------------------------------

### Create Empty Migration

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Generate an empty migration file for full manual control over schema changes.

```bash
bin/cake migrations create MyCustomMigration
```

--------------------------------

### Specify Plugin for Seed Generation

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Use the --plugin option to specify the plugin into which the seed file should be baked.

```bash
bin/cake bake seed Articles --plugin PluginName
```

--------------------------------

### Add Integer Columns with Specific Limits (MySQL)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

Demonstrates adding integer columns with specific size limits using MySQL adapter constants. This is useful for optimizing storage or adhering to specific database constraints.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\Db\Adapter\MysqlAdapter;

$table = $this->table('cart_items');
$table->addColumn('user_id', 'integer')
      ->addColumn('product_id', 'integer', ['limit' => MysqlAdapter::INT_BIG])
      ->addColumn('subtype_id', 'integer', ['limit' => MysqlAdapter::INT_SMALL])
      ->addColumn('quantity', 'integer', ['limit' => MysqlAdapter::INT_TINY])
      ->create();
```

--------------------------------

### Load Migrations Plugin for CLI

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/README.md

Load the Migrations plugin for command-line interface (CLI) usage. This ensures the plugin's shells are available.

```sh
bin/cake plugin load Migrations --only-cli
```

--------------------------------

### Adding Backward Compatibility Aliases

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-to-builtin-backend.md

Add command aliases in `src/Application.php` to maintain compatibility with old migration commands for existing scripts or CI/CD pipelines.

```php
public function console(CommandCollection $commands): CommandCollection
{
    // Add your application's commands
    $commands = $this->addConsoleCommands($commands);

    // Add backward compatibility aliases for migrations 4.x commands
    $commands->add('migrations seed', \Migrations\Command\SeedCommand::class);

    return $commands;
}
```

```php
// Add multiple backward compatibility aliases
$commands->add('migrations seed', \Migrations\Command\SeedCommand::class);
$commands->add('migrations seed:run', \Migrations\Command\SeedCommand::class);
$commands->add('migrations seed:status', \Migrations\Command\SeedStatusCommand::class);
```

--------------------------------

### Add a Simple Index to a Table

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Use `addIndex()` to create a basic index on a specified column. This is the most straightforward way to add an index.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class MyNewMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        $this->table('users')
            ->addColumn('city', 'string')
            ->addIndex(['city'])
            ->save();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Migration to Add a Column

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Use this command to generate a migration file for adding a new column to an existing table. Specify the table name, column name, and its type.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration AddPriceToProducts price:decimal[5,2]
```

--------------------------------

### Run Migrations for Tests

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Use the Migrator class in tests/bootstrap.php to build schema for your tests. It can run migrations for the main application, specific plugins, or different database connections.

```php
// in tests/bootstrap.php
use Migrations\TestSuite\Migrator;

$migrator = new Migrator();

// Simple setup with no plugins
$migrator->run();

// Run a non-test database
$migrator->run(['connection' => 'test_other']);

// Run migrations for plugins
$migrator->run(['plugin' => 'Contacts']);

// Run the Documents migrations on the test_docs connection
$migrator->run(['plugin' => 'Documents', 'connection' => 'test_docs']);
```

--------------------------------

### Adapter Query Result Changes (4.x vs 5.x)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-from-4-x.md

Illustrates the difference in fetching query results using `AdapterInterface::query()` between Migrations 4.x (using phinx results) and 5.x (using `Cake\Database\StatementInterface`). Note the change in fetching methods.

```php
// 4.x (phinx)
$stmt = $this->getAdapter()->query('SELECT * FROM articles');
$rows = $stmt->fetchAll();
$row = $stmt->fetch();
```

```php
// 5.x (builtin)
$stmt = $this->getAdapter()->query('SELECT * FROM articles');
$rows = $stmt->fetchAll('assoc');
$row = $stmt->fetch('assoc');
```

--------------------------------

### Add Backward Compatibility Alias for 'migrations seed'

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-from-4-x.md

Shows how to add a command alias in `src/Application.php` to maintain the old `migrations seed` command for backward compatibility with existing scripts or CI/CD pipelines.

```php
public function console(CommandCollection $commands): CommandCollection
{
    $commands = $this->addConsoleCommands($commands);

    // Add backward compatibility alias
    $commands->add('migrations seed', \Migrations\Command\SeedCommand::class);

    return $commands;
}
```

--------------------------------

### Run Multiple Migration Sets

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Utilize the runMany() method to execute multiple sets of migrations, useful when dealing with various plugins or database configurations.

```php
$migrator->runMany([
    ['plugin' => 'Contacts'],
    ['plugin' => 'Documents', 'connection' => 'test_docs'],
]);
```

--------------------------------

### Load Migrations Plugin in Application.php

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/installation-and-overview.md

Alternatively, load the Migrations plugin directly within your application's main configuration file.

```php
$this->addPlugin('Migrations');
```

--------------------------------

### Configuring Legacy Migrations Tables

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-to-builtin-backend.md

Configure the `Migrations.legacyTables` option in `config/app.php` or `config/app_local.php` to control the use of new `cake_migrations` or legacy `phinxlog` tables.

```php
// config/app.php or config/app_local.php
'Migrations' => [
    // null (default): Autodetect - use legacy if phinxlog tables exist
    // false: Force use of new cake_migrations table
    // true: Force use of legacy phinxlog tables
    'legacyTables' => null,
],
```

--------------------------------

### View Migration Status

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Check the current status of all database migrations.

```bash
bin/cake migrations status
```

--------------------------------

### Mark All Migrations Using Special Value

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Use the special value 'all' to mark every migration as migrated.

```bash
bin/cake migrations mark_migrated all
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Seed with Data from Table

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Use the --data option to include data from the specified table directly into the generated seed file.

```bash
bin/cake bake seed --data Articles
```

--------------------------------

### PHP Code for Adding Columns with Indexes

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

This migration code adds multiple columns and includes both a simple index and a unique index on specified columns. It demonstrates chaining `addColumn` and `addIndex` methods.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class AddNameIndexToProducts extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('products');
        $table->addColumn('name', 'string')
              ->addColumn('email', 'string')
              ->addIndex(['name'])
              // add a unique index:
              ->addIndex('email', ['unique' => true])
              ->update();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Check and Drop Check Constraints

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Shows how to verify the existence of a check constraint using `hasCheckConstraint()` and remove it with `dropCheckConstraint()`.

```php
$table = $this->table('products');
if ($table->hasCheckConstraint('price_positive')) {
    $table->dropCheckConstraint('price_positive')
        ->save();
}
```

--------------------------------

### Migrating Seed Commands

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-to-builtin-backend.md

Compares old and new command structures for running seed classes. Use the new commands for CakePHP migrations 5.x and later.

```bash
# Old (4.x and earlier)
bin/cake migrations seed
bin/cake migrations seed --seed Articles

# New (5.x and later)
bin/cake seeds run
bin/cake seeds run Articles
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Migration to Add a Column with an Index

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

This command generates a migration that adds a column and an index to it. The `:index` suffix indicates that an index should be created for the specified column.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration AddNameIndexToProducts name:string:index
```

--------------------------------

### Create a Foreign Key using Fluent Builder

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Utilizes a fluent builder for defining foreign keys, offering a more readable syntax for complex configurations. Requires importing ForeignKey class.

```php
<?php
use Migrations\BaseMigration;
use Migrations\Db\Table\ForeignKey;

class MyNewMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        $this->table('articles')
            ->addForeignKey(
                $this->foreignKey()
                    ->setColumns('user_id')
                    ->setReferencedTable('users')
                    ->setReferencedColumns('user_id')
                    ->setDelete(ForeignKey::CASCADE)
                    ->setName('article_user_fk')
            )
            ->save();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Legacy Tables

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-to-builtin-backend.md

Update your `config/app.php` to disable the use of legacy Phinx tables after a successful upgrade.

```php
// config/app.php
'Migrations' => [
    'legacyTables' => false,
],
```

--------------------------------

### Mark All Migrations as Migrated

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Mark all existing migrations as applied without actually running them.

```bash
bin/cake migrations mark_migrated
```

--------------------------------

### Running Seed Classes with Verbose Output

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Use the `-v` parameter with the `seeds run` command to increase the output verbosity, providing more details during the seeding process.

```bash
bin/cake seeds run -v
```

--------------------------------

### Add a Unique, Named, and Ordered Index

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Configure indexes with `unique` constraints, custom `name`, and specific `order` for multi-column indexes. This provides more control over index behavior and identification.

```php
$this->table('users')
    ->addColumn('email', 'string')
    ->addColumn('username', 'string')
    ->addIndex(['email', 'username'], [
        'unique' => true,
        'name' => 'idx_users_email',
        'order' => ['email' => 'DESC', 'username' => 'ASC'],
    ])
    ->save();
```

--------------------------------

### Mark Migrations Up to a Specific Version

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Mark all migrations up to a specified version as migrated using the --target option.

```bash
bin/cake migrations mark_migrated --target=20151016204000
```

--------------------------------

### Running a Specific Seed Class

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

To run a single seed class, provide its name as an argument to the `seeds run` command. You can use either the short name (without the 'Seed' suffix) or the full class name.

```bash
bin/cake seeds run User
```

```bash
bin/cake seeds run UserSeed
```

--------------------------------

### CakePHP Migrations Commands (5.x)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/upgrades/upgrading-from-4-x.md

Lists the available commands for managing migrations and seeds in CakePHP 5.x. These commands are used for applying, rolling back, and checking the status of database migrations and seeds.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate
bin/cake migrations rollback
bin/cake migrations status
bin/cake migrations mark_migrated
bin/cake migrations dump
```

```bash
bin/cake seeds run
bin/cake seeds run SeedName
bin/cake seeds status
bin/cake seeds reset
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Diff from Specific Connection

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/snapshots-and-diffs.md

Specify a different database connection to use when generating the migration diff using the --connection option.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration_diff NameOfTheMigrations --connection my_other_connection
```

--------------------------------

### Using COUNT Aggregate Function

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/using-the-query-builder.md

Use the func() method to create aggregate functions like COUNT. The arguments are treated as literal values.

```php
<?php
// Results in SELECT COUNT(*) count FROM ...
$builder->select(['count' => $builder->func()->count('*')]);
```

--------------------------------

### Create MySQL Fulltext Index

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Implement `fulltext` indexes for efficient text searching in MySQL. Ensure the table uses the `MyISAM` engine for versions before 5.6.

```php
$table = $this->table('users', ['engine' => 'MyISAM']);
$table->addColumn('email', 'string')
      ->addIndex('email', ['type' => 'fulltext'])
      ->create();
```

--------------------------------

### Running All Seed Classes

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Execute all available seed classes in your project using the `seeds run` command in the CakePHP console.

```bash
bin/cake seeds run
```

--------------------------------

### Run Migrations and Clear Schema Cache

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Execute pending database migrations and clear the ORM schema cache. This should be part of your deployment script.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate
bin/cake schema_cache clear
```

--------------------------------

### Implement Idempotent Seed

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Override the `isIdempotent()` method to return `true` for seeds that can be run multiple times safely. The `run()` method should handle potential duplicate executions.

```php
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

use Migrations\BaseSeed;

class ConfigSeed extends BaseSeed
{
    /**
     * Mark this seed as idempotent.
     * It will run every time it is invoked.
     */
    public function isIdempotent(): bool
    {
        return true;
    }

    public function run(): void
    {
        // This seed will run every time, so make it safe to run multiple times
        $this->execute(" 
            INSERT INTO settings (setting_key, setting_value)
            VALUES ('app_version', '2.0.0')
            ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE setting_value = '2.0.0'
        ");

        // Or check before inserting
        $exists = $this->fetchRow(
            "SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM settings WHERE setting_key = 'maintenance_mode'"
        );

        if ($exists['count'] === 0) {
            $this->table('settings')->insert([
                'setting_key' => 'maintenance_mode',
                'setting_value' => 'false',
            ])->save();
        }
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Mark Migrations Using Positional Argument

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Mark migrations as migrated by providing the version number as a positional argument.

```bash
bin/cake migrations mark_migrated 20150420082532
```

--------------------------------

### Traditional Seed Class Structure

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

A standard seed class extends Migrations\BaseSeed and implements the run() method for database seeding.

```php
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

use Migrations\BaseSeed;

class MyNewSeed extends BaseSeed
{
    /**
     * Run Method.
     *
     * Write your database seed using this method.
     *
     * More information on writing seeds is available here:
     * https://book.cakephp.org/migrations/5/guides/seeding.html
     */
    public function run() : void
    {

    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Chaining and Combining WHERE Conditions

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/using-the-query-builder.md

Chain multiple conditions using andWhere() or provide them as an array. Use the 'OR' key for OR conditions.

```php
<?php
$builder->where(['id >' => 1])->andWhere(['title' => 'My Title']);

// Equivalent to
$builder->where(['id >' => 1, 'title' => 'My title']);

// WHERE id > 1 OR title = 'My title'
$builder->where(['OR' => ['id >' => 1, 'title' => 'My title']]);
```

--------------------------------

### Define Upward Migration Logic

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/migration-methods.md

The `up()` method contains the logic to transform the database when migrating upwards. It is executed if the migration has not been run before.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class MyNewMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        $table = $this->table('tableName');
    }

    public function down()
    {
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Define Reversible Migrations with change()

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/migration-methods.md

Use the `change()` method for reversible migrations. Migrations automatically generates rollback operations for supported actions like creating, renaming, adding columns, indexes, and foreign keys. When `change()` is present, `up()` and `down()` are ignored.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class CreateUserLoginsTable extends BaseMigration
{
    public function change(): void
    {
        // create the table
        $table = $this->table('user_logins');
        $table->addColumn('user_id', 'integer')
              ->addColumn('created', 'datetime')
              ->create();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Specify Fields for Seed Generation

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Use the --fields option with --data to specify a comma-separated list of fields to include from the table in the seed file.

```bash
# Will only export the fields `id`, `title` and `excerpt`
bin/cake bake seed --data --fields id,title,excerpt Articles
```

--------------------------------

### Define Seed Dependencies

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Implement the `getDependencies()` method to specify an ordered list of seeds that must run before the current seed. This is crucial for maintaining data integrity and avoiding foreign key constraint violations.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseSeed;

class ShoppingCartSeed extends BaseSeed
{
    public function getDependencies(): array
    {
        return [
            'User',      // Short name without 'Seed' suffix
            'ShopItem',  // Short name without 'Seed' suffix
        ];
    }

    public function run() : void
    {
        // Seed the shopping cart after the `UserSeed` and
        // `ShopItemSeed` have been run.
    }
}
```

```php
return [
    'UserSeed',
    'ShopItemSeed',
];
```

--------------------------------

### Check Seed Status

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

View the execution status of all seeds using the `status` command.

```bash
bin/cake seeds status
```

--------------------------------

### Insert or Skip Data with Migrations

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Use `insertOrSkip()` to insert rows into a table, silently skipping any rows that would violate a unique constraint. This is useful when you want to add new data without causing errors due to existing entries.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseSeed;

class CurrencySeed extends BaseSeed
{
    public function run(): void
    {
        $data = [
            ['code' => 'USD', 'name' => 'US Dollar'],
            ['code' => 'EUR', 'name' => 'Euro'],
        ];

        $this->table('currencies')
            ->insertOrSkip($data)
            ->saveData();
    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Create Index Concurrently (PostgreSQL)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Add indexes concurrently in PostgreSQL to avoid locking the table during creation. This is crucial for maintaining application availability during schema changes.

```php
$this->table('users')
    ->addColumn('email', 'string')
    ->addIndex(
        $this->index('email')
            ->setName('user_email_unique_idx')
            ->setType('unique')
            ->setConcurrently(true)
    )
    ->create();
```

--------------------------------

### Add Include Columns to Index (SQL Server/PostgreSQL)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Utilize the `include` option for non-key columns in indexes on SQL Server and PostgreSQL. This can improve query performance by allowing index-only scans.

```php
$this->table('users')
    ->addColumn('email', 'string')
    ->addColumn('firstname', 'string')
    ->addColumn('lastname', 'string')
    ->addIndex(['email'], ['include' => ['firstname', 'lastname']])
    ->create();
```

--------------------------------

### Add Hash Index for Equality Comparisons

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/indexes-and-constraints.md

Use the 'hash' type for simple equality comparisons. B-tree indexes also handle equality efficiently.

```php
$this->table('sessions')
    ->addColumn('session_id', 'string', ['limit' => 64])
    ->addIndex('session_id', ['type' => 'hash'])
    ->create();
```

--------------------------------

### Basic WHERE Conditions

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/using-the-query-builder.md

Add simple equality or inequality conditions to the WHERE clause. Operators can be appended to the field name with a space.

```php
// WHERE id = 1
$builder->where(['id' => 1]);

// WHERE id > 1
$builder->where(['id >' => 1]);
```

--------------------------------

### Execute and Query SQL

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/executing-queries.md

Use `execute()` for statements that modify data and return affected row counts, and `query()` for SELECT statements returning results. Both support prepared statements with a parameter array.

```php
<?php

use Migrations\BaseMigration;

class MyNewMigration extends BaseMigration
{
    /**
     * Migrate Up.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        // execute()
        $count = $this->execute('DELETE FROM users'); // returns the number of affected rows

        // query()
        $stmt = $this->query('SELECT * FROM users'); // returns PDOStatement
        $rows = $stmt->fetchAll(); // returns the result as an array

        // using prepared queries
        $count = $this->execute('DELETE FROM users WHERE id = ?', [5]);
        $stmt = $this->query('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id > ?', [5]); // returns PDOStatement
        $rows = $stmt->fetchAll();
    }

    /**
     * Migrate Down.
     */
    public function down(): void
    {

    }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Add a Column First in CakePHP Migrations (MySQL)

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/writing-migrations/columns-and-table-operations.md

To place a new column at the beginning of a table with the MySQL adapter, use the `
Migrations\Db\Adapter\MysqlAdapter::FIRST` constant.

```php
$this->table('users')
    ->addColumn('city', 'string', ['after' => 
Migrations
Db
Adapter
MysqlAdapter::FIRST])
    ->update();
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Migration to Remove a Column

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Use this command to generate a migration for removing a column. The migration name must follow the pattern `RemoveXXXFromYYY`.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration RemovePriceFromProducts price
```

--------------------------------

### Load Migrations Plugin with PendingMigrations Middleware

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/README.md

Load the Migrations plugin when using the PendingMigrations middleware. This integrates the plugin's functionality with your application's request lifecycle.

```sh
bin/cake plugin load Migrations
```

--------------------------------

### Generate an Anonymous Seed Class

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Use the --style anonymous option with the bake command to generate an anonymous seed class.

```bash
bin/cake bake seed MyNewSeed --style anonymous
```

--------------------------------

### Mark Migrations Excluding a Target Version

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/running-and-managing-migrations.md

Mark migrations up to a target version, but exclude the target version itself from being marked, using the --exclude flag.

```bash
bin/cake migrations mark_migrated --target=20151016204000 --exclude
```

--------------------------------

### Skip Schema Lock File Generation

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/advanced/integration-and-deployment.md

Use the --no-lock option with migration commands to prevent the generation of the schema.lock file. This is useful for deployment scenarios where tracking schema state via this file is not desired.

```bash
bin/cake migrations migrate --no-lock
```

```bash
bin/cake migrations rollback --no-lock
```

```bash
bin/cake bake migration_snapshot MyMigration --no-lock
```

--------------------------------

### Creating a Delete Query

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/using-the-query-builder.md

Constructs a DELETE query to remove records from a table. Specify the table and the conditions for deletion.

```php
<?php
$builder = $this->getQueryBuilder('delete');
$builder
    ->delete('users')
    ->where(['accepted_gdpr' => false])
    ->execute();
```

--------------------------------

### Generate Anonymous Migration Class

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/getting-started/creating-migrations.md

Use the `--style anonymous` option with `bin/cake bake migration` to generate a migration file using PHP's anonymous class feature. This is useful for avoiding namespace declarations and simplifying file structure.

```bash
bin/cake bake migration CreateProducts --style anonymous
```

--------------------------------

### Specify Table for Seed Generation

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Use the --table option to specify the exact table name that the generated seed file will alter.

```bash
bin/cake bake seed articles --table my_articles_table
```

--------------------------------

### SQL Equivalent of Combined Expressions

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/using-the-query-builder.md

This SQL shows the output of combining expressions with OR and NOT logic.

```sql
SELECT *
FROM articles
WHERE
    NOT (author_id = 2 OR author_id = 5)
    AND view_count <= 10
```

--------------------------------

### Customize Seed Tracking Table Name

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/migrations/blob/5.x/docs/en/guides/seeding.md

Configure a custom table name for tracking seed execution in your `config/app.php` or `config/app_local.php` file.

```php
'Migrations' => [
    'seed_table' => 'my-custom-seeds-table',
]
```