### Building wtype with Meson

Source: https://github.com/atx/wtype/blob/master/README.md

Instructions to build and install the wtype utility using the Meson build system. This process involves configuring the build, compiling the source code, and then installing the compiled binaries and associated files to the system.

```bash
meson build
ninja -C build
sudo ninja -C build install
```

--------------------------------

### Initialize Wayland Connection and Virtual Keyboard

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Sets up the connection to the Wayland compositor and initializes the virtual keyboard interface. This involves connecting to the display, getting the registry, binding necessary interfaces (like the virtual keyboard manager), and preparing for input commands.

```c
int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
    struct wtype wtype;
    memset(&wtype, 0, sizeof(wtype));

    // Connect to Wayland display
    wtype.display = wl_display_connect(NULL);

    // Get global registry and bind interfaces
    wtype.registry = wl_display_get_registry(wtype.display);
    wl_registry_add_listener(wtype.registry, &registry_listener, &wtype);
    wl_display_dispatch(wtype.display);
    wl_display_roundtrip(wtype.display);

    // Create virtual keyboard
    wtype.keyboard = zwp_virtual_keyboard_manager_v1_create_virtual_keyboard(
        wtype.manager, wtype.seat
    );

    // Upload keymap and execute commands
    upload_keymap(&wtype);
    run_commands(&wtype);

    // Cleanup resources
    zwp_virtual_keyboard_v1_destroy(wtype.keyboard);
    zwp_virtual_keyboard_manager_v1_destroy(wtype.manager);
    wl_display_disconnect(wtype.display);

    return 0;
}
```

--------------------------------

### Holding a Key with Delay using wtype

Source: https://github.com/atx/wtype/blob/master/README.md

Example of simulating holding a key down for a specified duration using wtype's -P, -s, and -p flags. This allows for simulating actions like holding the Right arrow key for 1000 milliseconds.

```bash
# Hold the Right key for 1000ms
wtype -P right -s 1000 -p right
```

--------------------------------

### Typing Unicode Characters with wtype

Source: https://github.com/atx/wtype/blob/master/README.md

Example of using wtype to type specific Unicode characters directly into the active Wayland surface. This is useful for inputting symbols or characters not easily accessible via standard keyboard layouts.

```bash
# Type unicode characters
wtype ∇⋅∇ψ = ρ
```

--------------------------------

### wtype Core Function: upload_keymap() in C

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Dynamically generates and uploads an XKB keymap to the Wayland compositor for virtual keyboard input. Involves converting characters to keysyms and defining keymap entries. Essential for handling arbitrary characters.

```c
// Internal function signature
static void upload_keymap(struct wtype *wtype);

// Keymap entry structure
struct keymap_entry {
    xkb_keysym_t xkb;    // XKB keysym identifier
    wchar_t wchr;         // Wide character representation
};

// Example: Typing "→" (Unicode U+2192)
// 1. Character converted to xkb_keysym_t via xkb_utf32_to_keysym()
// 2. Entry added to keymap array
// 3. XKB keymap generated: key <K1> {[rightarrow]};
// 4. Uploaded to compositor via zwp_virtual_keyboard_v1_keymap()
```

--------------------------------

### Read Input from Standard Input with wtype

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Allows wtype to accept text directly from standard input, using the '-' placeholder. Supports optional delays applied to stdin content and can be combined with other commands or file redirection.

```bash
# Pipe text directly to wtype
echo "piped text" | wtype -

# Apply delay to stdin content
echo "everything" | wtype -d 12 -

# Combine stdin with other commands
wtype "Prefix: " - " Suffix" < input.txt
```

--------------------------------

### Map XKB Keysym to Keycode using wtype

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Translates XKB keysyms into internal keycodes for simulating key presses. This is essential for mapping standard keyboard symbols to the specific identifiers expected by the Wayland compositor. It requires a 'wtype' context and an XKB keysym as input.

```c
unsigned int get_key_code_by_xkb(struct wtype *wtype, xkb_keysym_t xkb);

// Example: Press Escape key
// wtype -P Escape -p Escape
// Internally:
// xkb = xkb_keysym_from_name("Escape", XKB_KEYSYM_CASE_INSENSITIVE)
// keycode = get_key_code_by_xkb(wtype, xkb)
// Returns: unique keycode for XKB_KEY_Escape
```

--------------------------------

### Execute Command Sequence with wtype

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Handles the execution of a sequence of parsed commands, ensuring proper timing and state management for operations like modifier key presses/releases and text input. It uses an array of handler function pointers to manage different command types.

```c
static void run_commands(struct wtype *wtype);

// Handler function pointers
void (*handlers[])(struct wtype *, struct wtype_command *) = {
    [WTYPE_COMMAND_SLEEP] = run_sleep,
    [WTYPE_COMMAND_MOD_PRESS] = run_mod,
    [WTYPE_COMMAND_MOD_RELEASE] = run_mod,
    [WTYPE_COMMAND_KEY_PRESS] = run_key,
    [WTYPE_COMMAND_KEY_RELEASE] = run_key,
    [WTYPE_COMMAND_TEXT] = run_text,
    [WTYPE_COMMAND_TEXT_STDIN] = run_text_stdin,
};

// Example: Press Ctrl+C
// wtype -M ctrl c -m ctrl
// Execution flow:
// 1. run_mod() sets wtype->mod_status |= WTYPE_MOD_CTRL
// 2. run_text() types 'c' with modifiers active
// 3. run_mod() clears wtype->mod_status &= ~WTYPE_MOD_CTRL
```

--------------------------------

### Type Unicode Text with wtype

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Simulates typing arbitrary Unicode characters to the focused Wayland application. Supports multiple arguments which are automatically spaced. No external dependencies beyond wtype itself.

```bash
# Type simple text
wtype "Hello World"

# Type Unicode characters including mathematical symbols
wtype "∇⋅∇ψ = ρ"

# Type multiple arguments with automatic spacing
wtype Hello World
```

--------------------------------

### Dispatch Key Events using wtype

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Sends individual key press and release events to the Wayland compositor. This function involves interacting with the virtual keyboard interface, including dispatching events and handling compositor acknowledgments via roundtrips, with small delays between actions.

```c
static void type_keycode(struct wtype *wtype, unsigned int key_code);

// Dispatch sequence:
// 1. zwp_virtual_keyboard_v1_key(keyboard, 0, key_code, PRESSED)
// 2. wl_display_roundtrip() - wait for compositor
// 3. usleep(2000) - 2ms delay
// 4. zwp_virtual_keyboard_v1_key(keyboard, 0, key_code, RELEASED)
// 5. wl_display_roundtrip() - wait for compositor
// 6. usleep(2000) - 2ms delay

// Example internal call for typing 'A':
// keycode = get_key_code_by_wchar(wtype, L'A');
// type_keycode(wtype, keycode);
```

--------------------------------

### Press and Release Named Keys with wtype

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Enables pressing and releasing specific named keys like arrows, Enter, or End. Uses '-P' for press and '-p' for release. Can be combined with delays for specific actions. Requires wtype.

```bash
# Press and release the Left arrow key
wtype -P Left -p Left

# Navigate to end of line and press Enter
wtype -P End -p End -P Return -p Return

# Hold Right key for 1000ms using sleep
wtype -P Right -s 1000 -p Right
```

--------------------------------

### wtype Core Function: parse_args() in C

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Parses command-line arguments for the wtype tool, converting them into internal command structures. Defines an enum for supported command types including text, modifier actions, key actions, sleep, and stdin. Written in C.

```c
// Internal function signature
static void parse_args(struct wtype *wtype, int argc, const char *argv[]);

// Command types supported
enum wtype_command_type {
    WTYPE_COMMAND_TEXT = 0,           // Type text characters
    WTYPE_COMMAND_MOD_PRESS = 1,      // Press modifier key
    WTYPE_COMMAND_MOD_RELEASE = 2,    // Release modifier key
    WTYPE_COMMAND_KEY_PRESS = 3,      // Press named key
    WTYPE_COMMAND_KEY_RELEASE = 4,    // Release named key
    WTYPE_COMMAND_SLEEP = 5,          // Sleep delay
    WTYPE_COMMAND_TEXT_STDIN = 6      // Read text from stdin
};

// Example usage: Type "test" with 100ms delay
// wtype -d 100 test
// Internally creates: WTYPE_COMMAND_TEXT with delay_ms=100
```

--------------------------------

### Pressing and Releasing Named Keys with wtype

Source: https://github.com/atx/wtype/blob/master/README.md

Illustrates the use of -P and -p flags in wtype to press and release specific keys by their names (e.g., 'left'). This is useful for simulating navigation or special key presses.

```bash
# Press and release the Left key
wtype -P left -p left
```

--------------------------------

### Control Keystroke Timing with wtype

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Manages delays between keystrokes using '-d' or pauses within command sequences using '-s'. Supports holding modifiers for a specified duration. Essential for precise input simulation.

```bash
# Type "foo" instantly, then "bar" with 120ms between each character
wtype foo -d 120 bar

# Hold Shift for 500ms while typing
wtype -M shift -s 500 hello -m shift

# Type with consistent 50ms delay
wtype -d 50 "Slow typing"
```

--------------------------------

### Setting Keystroke Delays with wtype

Source: https://github.com/atx/wtype/blob/master/README.md

Shows how to control the delay between individual keystrokes using the -d flag. This can be applied to specific character sequences or piped input from stdin, allowing for fine-tuning of typing speed.

```bash
# delay of 0 when typing "foo", 120ms on "bar"
wtype foo -d 120 bar

# also applied on stdin
echo everything | wtype -d 12 -
```

--------------------------------

### Control Modifier Keys with wtype

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Allows pressing and releasing modifier keys such as Ctrl, Shift, Alt, and AltGr. Uses '-M' for press and '-m' for release. Useful for simulating shortcuts. Requires wtype to be running.

```bash
# Press Ctrl+C
wtype -M ctrl c -m ctrl

# Press Ctrl+Shift+T
wtype -M ctrl -M shift t -m shift -m ctrl

# Press Alt+F4
wtype -M alt -P F4 -p F4 -m alt
```

--------------------------------

### wtype Core Function: get_key_code_by_wchar() in C

Source: https://context7.com/atx/wtype/llms.txt

Maps wide characters to internal keycodes, utilizing a cache for efficiency. Handles special character remapping for common control characters like newline and escape. Crucial for translating character input to actionable key events.

```c
unsigned int get_key_code_by_wchar(struct wtype *wtype, wchar_t ch);

// Special character remapping
// '\n' → XKB_KEY_Return
// '\t' → XKB_KEY_Tab
// '\e' → XKB_KEY_Escape

// Example: Type newline
// wtype $'(newline)'
// Internally: get_key_code_by_wchar(wtype, L'\n')
// Returns: keycode mapped to XKB_KEY_Return
```

--------------------------------

### Pressing and Releasing Modifier Keys with wtype

Source: https://github.com/atx/wtype/blob/master/README.md

Demonstrates how to use wtype to press and then release modifier keys, such as Ctrl. The -M flag is used to press a modifier, and the -m flag is used to release it, allowing for combinations like Ctrl+C.

```bash
# Press Ctrl+C
wtype -M ctrl c -m ctrl
```

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