### Install Dependencies and Serve Locally

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/README.md

Installs project dependencies using Bundler and then serves the Jekyll site locally. Ensure you have Ruby and Bundler installed.

```sh
bundle install --path vendor/bundle
bundle exec jekyll serve --baseurl ''
```

--------------------------------

### Install threads.js

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/index.md

Install the threads.js library using npm.

```bash
npm install threads
```

--------------------------------

### Install threads.js and tiny-worker

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/README.md

Install the threads.js package. Include tiny-worker for Node.js versions older than 12.

```bash
npm install threads tiny-worker
```

--------------------------------

### Handling Task Results and Pool Lifecycle

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-pool.md

Illustrates a complete example of setting up a thread pool, queuing a task, handling its result using .then(), and managing the pool's lifecycle by awaiting completion and termination.

```javascript
import { spawn, Pool, Worker } from "threads"

const pool = Pool(() => spawn(new Worker("./workers/crytpo")))
const task = pool.queue(crypto => crypto.encrypt("some-password"))

task.then(result => {
  // do something with the result 
})

await pool.completed()
await pool.terminate()
```

--------------------------------

### Install threads-plugin for Webpack

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/README.md

Install the threads-plugin using npm. This plugin helps bundle worker code automatically.

```sh
npm install -D threads-plugin
```

--------------------------------

### Scheduling a Task with Pool

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-pool.md

Demonstrates how to queue a task to a thread pool and handle its result asynchronously. It shows the basic setup for spawning workers and queuing tasks.

```typescript
let pool: Pool<ThreadType>
type TaskFunction<ThreadType, T> = (thread: ThreadType) => Promise<T> | T

pool.queue<T>(task: TaskFunction<ThreadType, T>): Promise<T>
```

--------------------------------

### Cancel a Queued Task

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-pool.md

Cancel a task that has been queued but not yet started. If the task is already executing, cancellation will fail.

```javascript
const task = pool.queue(multiplierWorker => multiplierWorker(2, 3))
task.cancel()
```

--------------------------------

### Type-Safe Workers with TypeScript

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage.md

Declare worker types when spawning to enable type-safe interactions. This example uses a HashFunction type.

```typescript
// master.ts
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

type HashFunction = (input: string) => Promise<string>

const sha512 = await spawn<HashFunction>(new Worker("./workers/sha512"))
const hashed = await sha512("abcdef")
```

--------------------------------

### Type-Safe Workers with Exported Types

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage.md

Export worker types from the worker module and use them when spawning for enhanced type safety. This example uses a Counter type.

```typescript
// master.ts
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"
import { Counter } from "./workers/counter"

const counter = await spawn<Counter>(new Worker("./workers/counter"))
console.log(`Initial counter: ${await counter.getCount()}`)

await counter.increment()
console.log(`Updated counter: ${await counter.getCount()}`)

await Thread.terminate(counter)
```

```typescript
// counter.ts
import { expose } from "threads/worker"

let currentCount = 0

const counter = {
  getCount() {
    return currentCount
  },
  increment() {
    return ++currentCount
  },
  decrement() {
    return --currentCount
  }
}

export type Counter = typeof counter

expose(counter)
```

--------------------------------

### Spawn and Expose a GitHub Profile Fetcher

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage.md

Shows how to spawn a worker that fetches a GitHub user profile asynchronously and returns the JSON data. The master thread then logs the user's signup date.

```javascript
// master.js
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

const fetchGithubProfile = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/fetch-github-profile"))
const andywer = await fetchGithubProfile("andywer")

console.log(`User "andywer" has signed up on ${new Date(andywer.created_at).toLocaleString()}`)

await Thread.terminate(fetchGithubProfile)
```

```javascript
// workers/fetch-github-profile.js
import fetch from "isomorphic-fetch"
import { expose } from "threads/worker"

expose(async function fetchGithubProfile(username) {
  const response = await fetch(`https://api.github.com/users/${username}`)
  return response.json()
})
```

--------------------------------

### Spawn and Expose a Simple Add Worker

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage.md

Demonstrates spawning a worker that exposes a single function for addition and calling it from the main thread. Ensure the worker file path is correct.

```javascript
// master.js
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

async function main() {
  const add = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/add"))
  const sum = await add(2, 3)

  console.log(`2 + 3 = ${sum}`)

  await Thread.terminate(add)
}

main().catch(console.error)
```

```javascript
// workers/add.js
import { expose } from "threads/worker"

expose(function add(a, b) {
  return a + b
})
```

--------------------------------

### Master script to spawn and communicate with a worker

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/index.md

This script demonstrates how to spawn a worker, call a method on it, and terminate the worker. It uses async/await for handling results.

```javascript
// master.js
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

const auth = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/auth"))
const hashed = await auth.hashPassword("Super secret password", "1234")

console.log("Hashed password:", hashed)

await Thread.terminate(auth)
```

--------------------------------

### Create and Use a Thread Pool

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-pool.md

Instantiate a pool with a worker factory and an optional size. Queue tasks to be executed by available workers. Ensure to terminate the pool when done.

```javascript
import { spawn, Pool, Worker } from "threads"

const pool = Pool(() => spawn(new Worker("./workers/multiplier")), 8 /* optional size */)

pool.queue(async multiplier => {
  const multiplied = await multiplier(2, 3)
  console.log(`2 * 3 = ${multiplied}`)
})

await pool.completed()
await pool.terminate()
```

--------------------------------

### Spawn a worker and call a method

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md

This snippet shows how to spawn a worker using `spawn` and invoke a method (`hashPassword`) on it. It also demonstrates terminating the worker using `Thread.terminate`.

```javascript
// master.js
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

async function main() {
  const auth = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/auth"))
  const hashed = await auth.hashPassword("Super secret password", "1234")

  console.log("Hashed password:", hashed)

  await Thread.terminate(auth)
}

main().catch(console.error)
```

--------------------------------

### Observable Subject Basics

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-observables.md

Demonstrates the basic usage of Observable and Subject. Subjects allow triggering observable updates from outside the observer context.

```javascript
const observable = new Observable(observer => {
  // We can call `.next()`, `.error()`, `.complete()` only here
  // as they are only exposed on the `observer`
  observer.complete()
})

const subject = new Subject()
subject.complete()
// We are free to call `.next()`, `.error()`, `.complete()` from anywhere now
// Beware: With great power comes great responsibility! Don't write spaghetti code.
```

```javascript
const subscriptionOne = observable.subscribe(/* ... */)
subscriptionOne.unsubscribe()

const subscriptionTwo = subject.subscribe(/* ... */)
subscriptionTwo.unsubscribe()
```

--------------------------------

### Spawn and Expose a Module Worker for Counter Operations

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage.md

Demonstrates using a module worker to expose multiple functions (increment, decrement, getCount) for managing a counter. The master thread calls these functions and logs the final count.

```javascript
// master.js
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

const counter = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/counter"))
await counter.increment()
await counter.increment()
await counter.decrement()

console.log(`Counter is now at ${await counter.getCount()}`)

await Thread.terminate(counter)
```

```javascript
// workers/counter.js
import { expose } from "threads/worker"

let currentCount = 0

const counter = {
  getCount() {
    return currentCount
  },
  increment() {
    return ++currentCount
  },
  decrement() {
    return --currentCount
  }
}

expose(counter)
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Electron-Webpack for Threads

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md

Add 'threads' to 'whiteListedModules' in your webpackElectron configuration for Electron-webpack projects.

```diff
  "electronWebpack": {
    "whiteListedModules": [
+     "threads"
    ]
  }
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Webpack for Node.js Bundles

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md

Prevent bundling of 'tiny-worker' when creating Node.js bundles by adding it to externals.

```diff
  module.exports = {
    // ...
+   externals: {
+     "tiny-worker": "tiny-worker"
+   }
    // ...
}
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Webpack for Node.js bundles

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/README.md

When creating Node.js bundles with Webpack, externalize 'tiny-worker' to prevent it from being bundled. Ensure 'tiny-worker' is in your package.json dependencies.

```javascript
module.exports = {
    // ...
  externals: {
    "tiny-worker": "tiny-worker"
  }
    // ...
}
```

--------------------------------

### Subscribe to Thread Events

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Listen for various events emitted by a spawned thread for debugging or monitoring purposes. Ensure the thread is spawned before subscribing.

```typescript
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

const myThread = await spawn(new Worker("./mythread"))

Thread.events(myThread).subscribe(event => console.log("Thread event:", event))
```

--------------------------------

### Enable All Threads.js Debug Logging

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Set the DEBUG environment variable to 'threads:*' to enable all debug logs from the threads.js library. This is useful for comprehensive troubleshooting.

```bash
DEBUG=threads:* npm test
```

--------------------------------

### Configure Electron ASAR Unpack for Workers

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md

Specify worker files in 'asarUnpack' within your package.json to ensure they are accessible when packaged in an ASAR archive.

```diff
+ "asarUnpack": {
+   "dist/main/0.bundle.worker.js",
+   "dist/main/0.bundle.worker.js.map"
+ }
```

--------------------------------

### Implement Custom Class Serializer

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Define a custom serializer for a class to enable passing instances between threads. This involves implementing `serialize` and `deserialize` methods and defining a serialized representation.

```typescript
import { SerializerImplementation } from "threads"

interface SerializedMyClass {
  __type: "$$MyClass"
  state: string
}

class MyClass {
  state: string

  constructor(initialState: string) {
    this.state = initialState
  }

  doStuff() {
    // Do fancy things
  }

  serialize(): SerializedMyClass {
    return {
      __type: "$$MyClass",
      state: this.state
    }
  }

  static deserialize(message: SerializedMyClass) {
    return new MyClass(message.state)
  }
}

const MySerializer: SerializerImplementation = {
  deserialize(message, defaultHandler) {
    if (message && message.__type === "$$MyClass") {
      return MyClass.deserialize(message as any)
    } else {
      return defaultHandler(message)
    }
  },
  serialize(thing, defaultHandler) {
    if (thing instanceof MyClass) {
      return thing.serialize()
    } else {
      return defaultHandler(thing)
    }
  }
}
```

--------------------------------

### Pool Creation Options

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-pool.md

Defines the interface for PoolOptions, specifying concurrency, max queued jobs, a custom name, and the number of workers (size).

```typescript
interface PoolOptions {
  concurrency?: number
  maxQueuedJobs?: number
  name?: string
  size?: number
}

function Pool(threadFactory: () => Thread, size?: number): Pool
function Pool(threadFactory: () => Thread, options?: PoolOptions): Pool
```

--------------------------------

### Register Threads Worker Implementation with Parcel

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md

Import 'threads/register' once in your main application code when using Parcel to enable threads.js worker handling.

```diff
  import { spawn } from "threads"
+ import "threads/register"

  // ...

  const work = await spawn(new Worker("./worker"))
```

--------------------------------

### Configure TypeScript for Webpack

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md

Ensure TypeScript compiler options preserve 'esnext' module format for webpack to resolve imports correctly.

```diff
  module.exports = {
    // ...
    module: {
      rules: [
        {
          test: /\.ts$/,
          loader: "ts-loader",
+         options: {
+           compilerOptions: {
+             module: "esnext"
+           }
+         }
        }
      ]
    },
    // ...
  }
```

--------------------------------

### Master: Stream Min/Max Values

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-observables.md

Master code to spawn a worker that streams min/max values. Subscribe to the values() observable to receive updates as they are computed.

```javascript
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

const minmax = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/minmax"))

minmax.values().subscribe(({ min, max }) => {
  console.log(`Min: ${min} | Max: ${max}`)
})

await minmax.add(2)
await minmax.add(3)
await minmax.add(4)
await minmax.add(1)
await minmax.add(5)
await minmax.finish()

await Thread.terminate(minmax)
```

--------------------------------

### Error Handling in Worker Threads

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage.md

Illustrates transparent error handling by wrapping worker calls in a try-catch block. Errors thrown in the worker will reject the promise in the master thread, including the worker's stack trace.

```javascript
// master.js
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

const counter = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/counter"))

try {
  await counter.increment()
  await counter.increment()
  await counter.decrement()

  console.log(`Counter is now at ${await counter.getCount()}`)
} catch (error) {
  console.error("Counter thread errored:", error)
} finally {
  await Thread.terminate(counter)
}
```

--------------------------------

### Await Completion of Specific Tasks

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-pool.md

Use `Promise.all` to wait for a specific set of queued tasks to complete. This is useful when you need to ensure a subset of operations finishes before proceeding, while other pool tasks might still be running.

```typescript
// (Created a pool and queued other pool tasks before…)

const myTasks: QueuedTask[] = []

for (let input = 0; input < 5; input++) {
  const task = pool.queue(worker => worker.work(input))
  myTasks.push(task)
}

await Promise.all(myTasks)
console.log("All worker.work() tasks have completed. Other pool tasks might still be running.")
```

--------------------------------

### Register Custom Serializer

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Register a custom serializer in both the main thread and worker threads. This must be done early, before spawning or exposing threads.

```typescript
import { registerSerializer } from "threads"
// also exported from the worker sub-module:
// import { registerSerializer } from "threads/worker"

registerSerializer(MySerializer)
```

--------------------------------

### Inline Worker Code with BlobWorker

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage.md

Use BlobWorker.fromText to inline worker source code, useful for self-contained libraries. Requires raw-loader for webpack.

```javascript
import { spawn, BlobWorker } from "threads"
import MyWorkerNode from "raw-loader!../dist/worker.node/worker.js"
import MyWorkerWeb from "raw-loader!../dist/worker.web/worker.js"

const MyWorker = process.browser ? MyWorkerWeb : MyWorkerNode

const worker = await spawn(BlobWorker.fromText(MyWorker))
// Now use this worker as always
```

--------------------------------

### Google Analytics Tracking Code

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/_includes/analytics-providers/google.html

This snippet initializes Google Analytics tracking. It configures anonymize_ip and storage settings based on site configuration.

```html
{%- if site.analytics.google.tracking_id -%}
  window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
  function gtag() {
    dataLayer.push(arguments);
  }
  gtag('js', new Date());
  {% if site.analytics.google.anonymize_ip == true %}
    gtag('config', '{{ site.analytics.google.tracking_id }}', { 'anonymize_ip': true, 'storage': 'none' });
  {% else %}
    gtag('config', '{{ site.analytics.google.tracking_id }}');
  {% endif %}
{%- endif -%}
```

--------------------------------

### Expose worker functionality

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md

This snippet defines the functionality exposed by a worker thread. It uses `expose` to make the `hashPassword` function available to the main thread.

```javascript
// workers/auth.js - will be run in worker thread
import sha256 from "js-sha256"
import { expose } from "threads/worker"

expose({
  hashPassword(password, salt) {
    return sha256(password + salt)
  }
})
```

--------------------------------

### Worker script to expose a function

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/index.md

This worker script exposes a 'hashPassword' function that can be called by the master script. It uses 'js-sha256' for hashing.

```javascript
// workers/auth.js
import sha256 from "js-sha256"
import { expose } from "threads/worker"

expose({
  hashPassword(password, salt) {
    return sha256(password + salt)
  }
})
```

--------------------------------

### Configure TypeScript for Webpack with threads-plugin

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/README.md

Ensure your TypeScript configuration for Webpack uses 'esnext' module format to preserve import/export statements. This is required for threads-plugin to correctly resolve worker bundles.

```javascript
module.exports = {
    // ...
    module: {
      rules: [
        {
          test: /\.ts$/,
          loader: "ts-loader",
          options: {
            compilerOptions: {
              module: "esnext"
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    // ...
  }
```

--------------------------------

### Observable from Subject

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-observables.md

Create a read-only observable that proxies values from a subject using Observable.from(). This prevents external code from triggering subject updates.

```javascript
// The returned observable will be read-only
return Observable.from(subject)
```

--------------------------------

### Register Multiple Custom Serializers

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Chain multiple custom serializers by calling `registerSerializer` multiple times. The last registered serializer is invoked first, with fallbacks to previously registered ones.

```typescript
import { registerSerializer } from "threads"

registerSerializer(SomeSerializer)
registerSerializer(AnotherSerializer)

// threads.js will first try to use AnotherSerializer, will fall back to SomeSerializer,
// eventually falls back to passing the data as is if no serializer can handle it
```

--------------------------------

### Return Transferred ArrayBuffer from Worker

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Use `Transfer()` when returning an ArrayBuffer from a worker to transfer its ownership. This avoids copying the buffer back to the calling thread.

```javascript
import { expose, Transfer } from "threads/worker"

expose(function xorBuffer(buffer, value) {
  const view = new Uint8Array(buffer)
  view.forEach((byte, offset) => view.set([byte ^ value], offset))
  return Transfer(buffer)
})
```

--------------------------------

### Worker: Return an Observable

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-observables.md

In the worker code, return an Observable that emits values. Ensure the Observable implementation is compatible (e.g., zen-observable).

```javascript
import { Observable } from "observable-fns"
import { expose } from "threads/worker"

function startCounting() {
  return new Observable(observer => {
    for (let currentCount = 1; currentCount <= 10; currentCount++) {
      observer.next(currentCount)
    }
    observer.complete()
  })
}

expose(startCounting)
```

--------------------------------

### Transfer ArrayBuffer to Worker

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Use `Transfer()` to mark an ArrayBuffer to be transferred to the receiving thread. This is useful for large binary data to avoid copying.

```javascript
import { spawn, Transfer, Worker } from "threads"

const xorBuffer = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/arraybuffer-xor"))
const resultBuffer = await xorBuffer(Transfer(testData), 127)
```

--------------------------------

### Register threads.js Worker for Parcel

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/README.md

Import 'threads/register' once in your main application code when using Parcel. This globally registers threads.js's Worker implementation, allowing 'new Worker()' to work correctly.

```javascript
import { spawn } from "threads"
import "threads/register"

  // ...

  const work = await spawn(new Worker("./worker"))
```

--------------------------------

### Subscribe to Thread Errors

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Specifically listen for error events from a thread. This is useful for isolating and handling thread-specific exceptions.

```typescript
Thread.errors(myThread).subscribe(error => console.log("Thread error:", error))
```

--------------------------------

### Master: Subscribe to Worker Observable

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-observables.md

In the master code, subscribe to the observable returned by the worker to receive streamed results.

```javascript
import { spawn, Thread, Worker } from "threads"

const counter = await spawn(new Worker("./workers/counter"))

counter().subscribe(newCount => console.log(`Counter incremented to:`, newCount))
```

--------------------------------

### Worker: Compute and Stream Min/Max

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-observables.md

Worker code that computes minimum and maximum values and streams updates using an Observable Subject. The values() method returns a read-only observable.

```javascript
import { Observable, Subject } from "threads/observable"
import { expose } from "threads/worker"

let max = -Infinity
let min = Infinity

let subject = new Subject()

const minmax = {
  finish() {
    subject.complete()
    subject = new Subject()
  },
  add(value) {
    max = Math.max(max, value)
    min = Math.min(min, value)
    subject.next({ max, min })
  },
  values() {
    return Observable.from(subject)
  }
}

expose(minmax)
```

--------------------------------

### Add Threads Plugin to Webpack Config

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md

Integrate the threads-plugin into your webpack.config.js to automatically bundle worker files.

```diff
+ const ThreadsPlugin = require('threads-plugin')

  module.exports = {
    // ...
    plugins: [
+     new ThreadsPlugin()
    ]
    // ...
  }
```

--------------------------------

### Terminate Pool Gracefully

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-pool.md

Terminate the pool, waiting for all scheduled tasks to complete before shutting down workers.

```javascript
// Terminate gracefully
pool.terminate()
```

--------------------------------

### Transfer ArrayBuffer in Observable Stream from Worker

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-advanced.md

Use `Transfer()` within an Observable stream to transfer ArrayBuffers as they are emitted. This maintains efficiency when streaming large binary data.

```javascript
import { expose, Observable, Transfer } from "threads/worker"
import { DataSource } from "./my-data-source"

expose(function streamBuffers() {
  return new Observable(observer => {
    const datasource = new DataSource()
    datasource.on("data", arrayBuffer => observer.next(Transfer(arrayBuffer)))
    return () => datasource.close()
  })
})
```

--------------------------------

### Add threads-plugin to Webpack config

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/README.md

Integrate the threads-plugin into your webpack.config.js file by adding it to the plugins array. This enables automatic detection and bundling of worker expressions.

```javascript
const ThreadsPlugin = require('threads-plugin');

  module.exports = {
    // ...
    plugins: [
      new ThreadsPlugin()
    ]
    // ...
  }
```

--------------------------------

### Force-Terminate Pool Workers

Source: https://github.com/andywer/threads.js/blob/master/docs/usage-pool.md

Forcefully terminate the pool immediately, without waiting for ongoing tasks to complete.

```javascript
// Force-terminate pool workers
pool.terminate(true)
```

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